cornu
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
cornū: ūs (so Caes. B. C. 3, 68 Dint.; Luc. 7, 217; Plin. 28, 11, 46, § 163 et saep.; Curt. 4, 12, 11 al.; ū in the connection cornu bubuli and cornu cervini; also Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 5, 76; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 20, 1 al.; cf. esp. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 355), n. (access. form cornum, i, n., Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 14; Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5 Fleck.; Lucr. 2, 388; Ov. M. 2, 874; Scrib. Comp. 141; Gell. 14, 6, 2 al.;
I gen. plur. cornorum, Scrib. Comp. 60. —An access. form cornus, ūs, has been assumed on account of the rel. masc. in the passage: nares similes cornibus iis, qui, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149, if the reading is correct.—The dat. sing. apparently never used; for in the connection: laevo cornu Cotys rex praeerat ... dextro cornu praepositus C. Licinius Crassus, Liv. 42, 58, 6 and 7, the supposition of the abl. is more in acc. with the usage of Livy; cf.: Antipatrum in laevo praeposuit, id. 37, 41, 1 et saep.) kindred with κέρας, and Germ. and Engl. horn; cf. also carina, cervus, a horn.
I Lit., a hard and generally crooked growth upon the head of many mammiferous animals (very freq. in all periods and species of composition), Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123 sq.; Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 121; of a bullock, Lucr. 5, 1033; 5, 1324; Cat. 64, 111; Ov. M. 9, 186; Hor. C. 3, 27, 72; id. S. 1, 5, 58 et saep.; also of the constellation Taurus, Ov. M. 2, 80; of the ram, id. ib. 5, 328; and the constellation Aries, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111; of the he-goat, Verg. E. 9, 25; of kids, id. G. 2, 526 al.—Of the antlers of a stag, Ov. M. 3, 194; 10, 111; Verg. A. 10, 725 al.: Cornu Copiae (less correctly, but freq. in late Lat., as one word, Cornūcōpĭae, and twice Cornūcōpĭa, ae, f., Amm. 22, 9, 1; 25, 2, 3), acc. to the fable, the horn of the goat Amalthea placed in heaven, Greek Κέρας Ἀμαλθείας (v. Amalthea), the emblem of fruitfulness and abundance, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5; Gell. 14, 6, 2; cf. Hor. C. 1, 17, 16; id. C. S. 60; id. Ep. 1, 12, 29; Ov. M. 9, 88.—
B Meton., of things similar to horn in substance or form, or made of horn.
1 That which is similar to horn in substance.
a A hoof, Cato, R. R. 72; Verg. G. 3, 88; Sil. 13, 327.—
b Of the bills of birds, Ov. M. 14, 502.—
c The horny skin covering the eye, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 148.—
d A horny excrescence on the head, a wart, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.— Far more freq.,
2 That which is similar to a horn in form, a projecting extremity, the point or end of any object.
a The tooth or tusk of an elephant, ivory, Varr. L. L. 7, § 39 Müll.; Plin. 8, 3, 4, § 7; 18, 1, 1, § 2: cornu Indicum, Mart. 1, 73, 4.—
b The horns of the moon, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 122, 2; Verg. G. 1, 433; Ov. M. 1, 11; 2, 117 et saep.—
c The branches of a river, Ov. M. 9, 774.—Hence, the river-gods were represented with horns, Verg. G. 4, 371; Mart. 10, 7 et saep.; cf.: corniger, tauriformis, etc., and v. Lidd. and Scott under κέρας, V.—
d The arm of the shore forming a harbor, a tongue of land, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 14, 1; Ov. M. 5, 410; Plin. 4, 21, 35, § 113.—
e The extremity or end of the sailyards, Verg. A. 3, 549; 5, 832; Ov. M. 11, 476; Hor. Epod. 16, 59; Sil. 14. 389.—
f The cone of a helmet in which the crest was placed: cornua cristae, Verg. A. 12, 89: alterum cornu galeae, Liv. 27, 33, 2.—
The end of the stick around which books were rolled, usually ornamented with ivory, Tib. 3, 1, 13; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 8; Mart. 11, 107. —
The side of a bow in the form of a horn, Ov. M. 1, 455; 5, 56; 2, 603.—
The horn-shaped side of the cithara (perh. the sounding-board), Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149 fin.—
The top or summit of a mountain: cornua Parnasi, Stat. Th. 5, 532; Curt. 3, 4, 4. —
1 The point, end, extremity, wing of a place, Liv. 25, 3, 17; Tac. A. 1, 75; Plin. 34, 6, 12, § 26 al.—
The wing of an army (very freq.), Caes. B. G. 1, 52 (three times); 2, 23; 2, 25; 7, 62 (twice); Liv. 9, 40, 3 sq(seven times).—*
(b) Transf.: cornua disputationis tuae commovere, i. e. to drive back, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 26 (v. the passage in connection).—
The feeler or claw of an insect, Plin. 9, 30, 50, § 95; 9, 31, 51, § 99 al. —
The stiff hair of the Germans: quis stupuit Germani lumina, flavam Caesariem et madido torquentem cornua cirro? Juv. 13, 165.—
3 Of objects made of horn.
a A bow, Verg. E. 10, 59; Ov. M. 5, 383; Sil. 2, 109 al.—
b A bugle-horn, a horn, trumpet (cornua, quod ea, quae nunc sunt ex aere, tunc fiebant bubulo e cornu, Varr. L. L. 5, § 117 Müll.), Lucil. ap. Non. p. 265, 5; Lucr. 2, 620; Verg. A. 7, 615; Ov. M. 1, 98; 3, 533; Hor. C. 1, 18, 14; 2, 1, 17; Juv. 2, 90; 6, 315.—Connected with tubae, Cic. Sull. 5, 17; Tac. A. 1, 68; 2, 81, cf. Dict. of Antiq., s. v. cornu.—In a sarcastic double sense with a.: dum tendit citharam noster, dum cornua Parthus, Poët. ap. Suet. Ner. 39 (v. the passage in connection).—
c The sides of the lyre, originally consisting of two horns, giving resonance to the strings, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; 2, 59, 149.—
d A lantern, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 185; cf. Lucr 2, 388; and Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 49.—
e An oil cruet, Hor S. 2, 2, 61.—
f A funnel, Verg. G. 3, 509; Col. 6, 2, 7 al.—
II Trop., as an emblem of power, courage, strength, might (the figure taken from bullocks. Also in Heb. a very freq. metaph.; cf. Gesen. Lex. s. v. , p. 906, 6; poet.): ne in re secundā nunc mi obvortat cornua, Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 5: venerunt capiti cornua sera meo, Ov. Am. 3, 11,: tunc pauper cornua sumit, gains strength, courage, id. A. A. 1, 239; cf.. tu (sc. amphora) addis cornua pauperi, etc., Hor. C. 3, 21, 18.—Hence Bacchus, as a giver of courage, is represented with horns, Tib. 2, 1, 3; Hor. C. 2, 19, 30; v. Bacchus, I.; cf. of a river-god, I. B. 2. c. supra.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
cornu,⁷ gén. cornūs Cæs. C. 3, 68 et cornū Cels. Med. 5, 22, 2, n.,
1 corne des animaux : Virg. B. 3, 87 ; G. 3, 232
2 [en gén, tout objet dont la substance ressemble à la corne, ou qui a la forme d’une corne, ou qui est fait de corne] : corne du pied des animaux : Cato Agr. 72 ; Virg. G. 3, 88 || cornée de l’œil : Plin. 11, 148 || bec des oiseaux : Ov. M. 14, 502 || défense de l’éléphant, ivoire : Varro L. 7, 39 ; Plin. 8, 7 || antenne des insectes : Plin. 9, 95 || corne, pointe d’un casque : Liv. 27, 33, 2 || cornes du croissant de la lune : Virg. G. 1, 433 || bras d’un fleuve : Ov. M. 9, 774 || cor, trompette : Cic. Sulla 17 ; Virg. En. 7, 615 || arc : Virg. B. 10, 59 || vase à huile : Hor. S. 2, 2, 61 || lanterne : Pl. Amph. 341 || entonnoir : Virg. G. 3, 509 || table d’harmonie : Cic. Nat. 2, 144 || antenne [de vaisseau] : Virg. En. 3, 549 || bouton d’ivoire aux extrémités du bâton autour duquel se roulait un livre ; [au plur.] le bâton lui-même : Mart. 11, 107, 1 ; Tib. 3, 1, 13 || sommet, point culminant d’une montagne : Stat. Th. 5, 532 || pointe extrême (extrémité) d’un lieu : Liv. 25, 3, 17 ; Tac. Ann. 1, 75 || houppe de cheveux : Juv. 13, 165 || langue de terre qui s’avance dans la mer, promontoire : Ov. M. 5, 410 || aile d’une armée : Cæs. G. 1, 52, etc. ; equitatum omnem in cornibus locat Sall. J. 49, 6, il place toute la cavalerie aux ailes
3 [fig.] a) corne, en tant que symbole de la force ou de l’abondance = courage, énergie : cornua sumere Ov. Ars 1, 239, prendre courage ; addis cornua pauperi Hor. O. 3, 21, 18, tu m’inspires de l’audace malgré ma pauvreté || v. cornu copia ; b) symbole de la résistance, de l’hostilité : cornua alicui obvortere Pl. Ps. 1021, montrer lès dents à qqn (tourner ses cornes contre qqn), cf. Hor. Epo. 6, 12 ; c) attribut de divinités fluviales : Virg. G. 4, 371 ; Mart. 10, 7, 6. la longueur de la voyelle (ŭ ou ū) est incertaine, comme dans les autres subst. n. de la 4e décl. (artu, gelu, genu, ossu, testu, tonitru, veru, pecu ) : de Vaan, 2008, p. 138-139 ; autres formes : a) v. cornum 1, cornus 1 ; b) décadence : gén. cornuis Capel. 3, 293 ; corni M. Emp. 1, 87, etc. || dat. cornui Capel. 3, 293 || abl. pl. cornuis Treb. Gall. 8, 2 ; cornubus Capel. 3, 293.
