Ἀπόλλων: Difference between revisions
Ὑπὸ γὰρ λόγων ὁ νοῦς μετεωρίζεται ἐπαίρεταί τ' ἄνθρωπος → Borne up by words, the mind soars aloft, and we reach the heights (Aristophanes, Birds 1447f.)
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A Luwian etymology suggested for Apaliunas makes Apollo "The One of Entrapment", perhaps in the sense of "Hunter". | A Luwian etymology suggested for Apaliunas makes Apollo "The One of Entrapment", perhaps in the sense of "Hunter". | ||
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|esmgtx=ὁ [[imagen de Apolo]] figura que se talla en madera de laurel ἔστιν ἐπιθεῖναι τῇ τραπέζῃ ὑπόκενον Ἀπόλλωνα ἐν ξύλῳ δάφνης <b class="b3">hay que poner sobre la mesa una imagen de Apolo hueca en madera de laurel</b> P III 296 ἔχε δὲ καὶ ἐκ ῥίζης δάφνης τὸν συνεργοῦντα Ἀπόλλωνα γεγλυμμένον <b class="b3">ten también de la raíz de un laurel una imagen de Apolo grabada como colaborador</b> P XIII 103 P XIII 660 γλύψον δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα τὸ μέγα ὄνομα Αἰγυπτιακῷ σχήματι <b class="b3">graba alrededor de la imagen de Apolo el gran nombre a la manera egipcia</b> P XIII 105 P XIII 662 | |||
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{{trml | {{trml | ||
|trtx=af: Apollo; als: Apollon; an: Apolo; ar: أبولو; arz: ابولو; ast: Apolu; as: এপ'ল'; azb: آپولون; az: Apollon; bar: Apollon; be_x_old: Апалён; be: Апалон; bg: Аполон; bn: অ্যাপোলো; bo: ཨ་པོ་ལུའོ།; br: Apollon; bs: Apolon; ca: Apol·lo; cdo: Ā-pŏ̤-lò̤; chr: ᎠᏉᎳ; ckb: ئەپۆڵۆ; cs: Apollón; cv: Аполлон; cy: Apollo; da: Apollon; de: Apollon; el: Απόλλων; en: Apollo; eo: Apolono; es: Apolo; et: Apollon; eu: Apolo; fa: آپولون; fi: Apollon; fr: Apollon; fur: Apol; fy: Apollo; ga: Apalló; gl: Apolo; gor: Apollo; he: אפולו; hi: अपोलो; hr: Apolon; hu: Apollón; hy: Ապոլլոն; ia: Apollon; id: Apollo; io: Apollon; is: Apollon; it: Apollo; ja: アポローン; jv: Apollo; ka: აპოლონი; kk: Аполлон; kn: ಅಪೊಲೊ; ko: 아폴론; ku: Apollon; kw: Appolyn; ky: Аполлон; la: Apollo; lb: Apollo; lt: Apolonas; lv: Apollons; mk: Аполон; ml: അപ്പോളോ; mr: अपोलो; ms: Apollo; mt: Apollo; mzn: آپولو; nds: Apollon; ne: एपोलो; nl: Apollo; nn: Apollon; no: Apollon; nrm: Apollon; oc: Apollon; pa: ਅਪੋਲੋ; pl: Apollo; pt: Apolo; ro: Apollo; rue: Аполлон; ru: Аполлон; sh: Apolon; simple: Apollo; sk: Apolón; sl: Apolon; sq: Apoloni; sr: Аполон; sv: Apollon; sw: Apolo; ta: அப்பல்லோ; tg: Аполлон; th: อะพอลโล; tl: Apollo; tr: Apollon; tt: Apollon; uk: Аполлон; ur: اپالو; uz: Apollon; vep: Apollon; vi: Apollo; war: Apollo; wuu: 阿波罗; zh_min_nan: Apollo; zh_yue: 阿波羅; zh: 阿波罗 | |trtx=af: Apollo; als: Apollon; an: Apolo; ar: أبولو; arz: ابولو; ast: Apolu; as: এপ'ল'; azb: آپولون; az: Apollon; bar: Apollon; be_x_old: Апалён; be: Апалон; bg: Аполон; bn: অ্যাপোলো; bo: ཨ་པོ་ལུའོ།; br: Apollon; bs: Apolon; ca: Apol·lo; cdo: Ā-pŏ̤-lò̤; chr: ᎠᏉᎳ; ckb: ئەپۆڵۆ; cs: Apollón; cv: Аполлон; cy: Apollo; da: Apollon; de: Apollon; el: Απόλλων; en: Apollo; eo: Apolono; es: Apolo; et: Apollon; eu: Apolo; fa: آپولون; fi: Apollon; fr: Apollon; fur: Apol; fy: Apollo; ga: Apalló; gl: Apolo; gor: Apollo; he: אפולו; hi: अपोलो; hr: Apolon; hu: Apollón; hy: Ապոլլոն; ia: Apollon; id: Apollo; io: Apollon; is: Apollon; it: Apollo; ja: アポローン; jv: Apollo; ka: აპოლონი; kk: Аполлон; kn: ಅಪೊಲೊ; ko: 아폴론; ku: Apollon; kw: Appolyn; ky: Аполлон; la: Apollo; lb: Apollo; lt: Apolonas; lv: Apollons; mk: Аполон; ml: അപ്പോളോ; mr: अपोलो; ms: Apollo; mt: Apollo; mzn: آپولو; nds: Apollon; ne: एपोलो; nl: Apollo; nn: Apollon; no: Apollon; nrm: Apollon; oc: Apollon; pa: ਅਪੋਲੋ; pl: Apollo; pt: Apolo; ro: Apollo; rue: Аполлон; ru: Аполлон; sh: Apolon; simple: Apollo; sk: Apolón; sl: Apolon; sq: Apoloni; sr: Аполон; sv: Apollon; sw: Apolo; ta: அப்பல்லோ; tg: Аполлон; th: อะพอลโล; tl: Apollo; tr: Apollon; tt: Apollon; uk: Аполлон; ur: اپالو; uz: Apollon; vep: Apollon; vi: Apollo; war: Apollo; wuu: 阿波罗; zh_min_nan: Apollo; zh_yue: 阿波羅; zh: 阿波罗 | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 16:00, 15 October 2022
English (LSJ)
ὁ, Apollo: gen. ωνος (also ω An.Ox.3.222): acc. A Ἀπόλλω IG1.9, al., A.Supp.214, S.OC1091, Tr.209 (lyr.) (mostly in adjurations, νὴτὸν Ἀπόλλω, etc.), Ἀπόλλωνα Pl.Lg.624a, freq. later, Agatharch.7, etc.: voc. Ἄπολλον Alc.1, A.Th.159(lyr.), Cratin.186, etc.; Ἀπόλλων A.Ch.559; cf. Ἀπέλλων, Ἄπλουν. II Pythag. name of a number, Porph.Abst.2.36.
Spanish (DGE)
-ωνος, ὁ
• Alolema(s): dór. y panf. Ἀπέλον SEG 11.689 (Amiclas VII a.C.), SEG 11.926 (Giteon V a.C.), IPamph.3.30 (Silion IV a.C.); Ἀπέλλων IG 5(1)145 (Amiclas III a.C.), ICr.1.16.5.49 (Lato II a.C.); chipr. Ἀπείλων IChS 215 (Tamaso IV a.C.); tes. Ἄπλουν SEG 25.679 (Argisa), Pl.Cra.405c
• Prosodia: [gener. ᾰ- pero ᾱ- Il.1.14, etc.]
• Morfología: [voc. Ἄπολλον Od.4.341, Alc.307, A.Th.159, Cratin.198; ac. Ἀπόλλω S.OC 1091, IG 12(3).536 (Tera), Ἀπέλω Epil.3.2; gen. Ἀπόλλω An.Ox.3.222]
I sg. Apolo
1 el dios, hijo de Zeus y Leto Il.1.14, Od.3.279, 4.341, h.Ap.1, Hes.Th.14, Op.771, Sc.58, Fr.25.12, Alcm.49, 50, Stesich.55.2, Alc.307, A.Ch.559, S.OC 1091, Call.Ap.1
•ὁ Ἀ. tít. de una comedia de Filemón, Philem.10
•recibe una serie de epít. que revelan dif. realidades:
a) advoc. locales gener. c. culto Ἀ. Ἀβαῖος A. Abeo de Abas (Fócide), Hsch.s.u. Ἄβαι, Ἀ. Ἀειγενέτης A. Eternamente renovado de Camiro (Rodas), Macr.Sat.1.17.35, Ἀ. Αἰγιλεύς A. Egileo de Egilia IG 5(1).948, Ἀ. Ἀκραίφιος A. Acrefio de Acrefia (Beocia), St.Byz.s.u. Ἀκραιφία, Ἀ. Ἀκρίτας A. Acrita e.d. de la ciudadela de Esparta, Paus.3.12.8, Ἀ. Ἀλασιώτας A. Alasiota de Tamaso (Chipre) IChS 216b.4, Ἀ. Ἀλεύς A. Aleo de Alo o bien defensor en Tarento REG 76.1963.191.315 (Tarento IV a.C.);
b) epít. que reflejan el sincretismo c. dioses locales o la incorporación de éstos a la figura de Apolo Ἀ. [Γ] αδηνός A. Gadeno de la Pelasgiótide, prob. divinidad tracia identificada c. Apolo IG 9(2).1076 (Pelasgiótide), Ἀ. Κάρνειος, Καρνήϊος A. Carneo deriv. de un antiguo dios Carno, epít. extendido por todo el dominio dorio, Pi.P.5.79, Paus.2.10.2;
c) advoc. gener. sin culto ref. a sus hazañas Ἀ. Ἀργειφόντης A. Argifonta e.d. Matador de Argos o Matador del dragón (pero cf. etim. de Ἀργειφόντης s.u.) S.Fr.1024, Ἀ. Γιγαντολέτης A. Gigantoleta e.d. Matagigantes, AP 9.525.4;
d) epít. poét. ref. a su figura o pers. Ἀ. Ἀβροχαίτης A. Habroqueta e.d. A. de delicada cabellera, AP 9.525.2, Ἀ. Ἀγλαόμορφος A. Aglaomorfo e.d. A. de bellas formas, AP 9.525.2;
e) frec. los epít. aplicados a A. se aplican tb. a otros dioses Ἀ. Ἀκταῖος A. Acteo e.d. Costero Str.13.1.13, Ἀ. Ἀποτρόπαιος A. Apotropeo o Apotropaico e.d. El que aleja el mal Ar.V.161, Au.61, Pl.359, IG 22.4852, Ἀ. Ἀρχηγέτης (dór. ἀρχαγέτας) A. Arquégeta e.d. Fundador Pi.P.5.60 (de Cirene), Th.6.3 (de Naxo en Sicilia), etc. Para otros epít. de Apolo v. s.uu.
2 entre los pitagóricos n. de un número, Porph.Abst.2.36.
3 n. de un mes. prob. el mismo que Ἀπελλαῖος q.u. GDI 1931.1 (Delfos).
II plu.
1 Apolos ref. a los dif. cultos del dios IG 22.1945 (I d.C.).
2 apolos e.d. jóvenes hermosos, Vit.Aesop.G 16, v. Ἀπόλλωνος ἄκρον, ἱερόν, νῆσος, πόλις.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ωνος (ὁ) :
Apollon, dieu de la musique, des arts et de la poésie.
Étymologie: p. Ἀπέλλων, litt. qui éloigne le mal, de ἀπέλλω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
Ἀπόλλων: ωνος ὁ (ᾰ; voc. Ἄπολλον; арх. acc. - в клятвах - Ἀπόλλω) Аполлон (сын Зевса и Лето, брат-близнец Артемиды, рожденный на о-ве Делос, бог света, пророческого дара, поэзии и врачевания, хранитель стад, предводитель Муз - Μουσηγέτης, - впосл. отожд. с Гелиосом; его эпитеты у Hom.: Σμινθεύς «истребитель мышей», Φοῖβος «бог света», λυκηγενής «светорожденный», ἀφήτωρ, ἑκάεργος, ἕκατος, ἑκατηβόλος и ἑκηβόλος «стрелок», κλυτότοξος «со славным луком», ἀργυρότοξος «сребролукий», χρυσάορος «с золотым мечом», ἀκερσεκόμης «длиннокудрый», ἄναξ «владыка»): ναὶ (тж. μὰ и νὴ) τὸν Ἀπόλλω! Xen., Arph. клянусь Аполлоном!
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
Ἀπόλλων: ὁ, γεν. -ωνος, ἀλλὰ καὶ -ω ἐν Ἀν. Ὀξ. 3. 222: αἰτ. Ἀπόλλω Αἰσχύλ. Ἱκ. 214, Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 1091, Τρ. 209· (ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸ πλεῖστον ἐν ὅρκοις, νὴ τὸν Ἀπόλλω κτλ.) Ἀπόλλωνα Πλάτ. Νόμ. 624Α, καὶ συχν. παρὰ μεταγεν.: κλητ. Ἄπολλον Ἀλκαῖος 1, Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 159, Κρατῖνος ἐν «Πυτίνῃ» 7, κτλ., Ἀπόλλων Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 559. [Ἡ πρώτη συλλαβὴ εἶναι βραχεῖα ἂν καὶ ἐν ταῖς τετρασυλλάβ. πτώσεσιν ὁ Ὅμηρος λαμβάνει αὐτὴν ὡς μακράν, Ἰλ. Α. 14, 21, κ. ἀλλ.]. Ὁ Ἀπόλλων ἦν υἱὸς τοῦ Διὸς καὶ τῆς Λητοῦς, ἀδελφὸς δὲ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος, γεννηθεὶς κατὰ μὲν τὴν Ἰλιάδα (Δ 101) ἐν Λυκίᾳ, κατὰ δὲ τοὺς Ὁμηρ. ὕμνους (Ὕμν. εἰς Ἀπόλλ. 49 κἑξ.) καὶ μετεγεν. συγγραφ. ἐν Δήλῳ· ἀπεικονίζεται δὲ ἀεὶ νεαρὸς μετὰ κυμαινομένης κόμης, Ὀδ. Τ. 86. Παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ εἶναι ὁ δοτὴρ τῆς μαντοσύνης (Ἰλ. Α. 72), παρέχει εἰς τοὺς ῥαψῳδοὺς γνῶσιν τοῦ παρελθόντος καὶ θεωρεῖται ὡς μουσηγέτης, Ἰλ. Α. 603, πρβλ. εὐλύρας, χρυσολύρας, φορμικτής: εἶναι ὡσαύτως θεὸς τῆς τοξικῆς, ὄθεν καὶ καλεῖται ἀργυρότοξος, κλυτότοξος, ἕκατος, ἑκατηβόλος, κτλ.· πρὸς δὲ καὶ τῆς ἰατρικῆς, πρβλ. Παιάν, ἰατρός, ἰατρόμαντις. Ὁ αἰφνίδιος θάνατος τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἀπεδίδετο εἰς τὰ ἀγανὰ αὐτοῦ βέλεα, ὡς ὁ τῶν γυναικῶν εἰς τὴν Ἄρτεμιν· ἐν δὲ τῇ Ἰλ. Α. 50 κἑξ. τὰ βέλη αὐτοῦ παρίστανται ὡς προξενοῦντα φοβερὸν λοιμόν. Πρβλ. Φοῖβος, Σμινθεύς, Λύκειος. Δὲν ἐταυτίσθη δὲ μετὰ τοῦ Ἡλίου, εἰ μὴ ἀργὰ μόνον, βεβαίως οὐχὶ πρὸ τῶν χρόνων τοῦ Αἰσχύλου. Λεπτομερὴς περιγραφὴ τῶν προσόντων τοῦ ἐνδόξου τούτου θεοῦ εὕρηται ἐν Πινδ. Π. 5. 85 κἑξ. Τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ κατ’ Ἀρχίλ. 23 παράγεται ἐκ τοῦ ἀπόλλυμι. Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1082, Εὐρ. 781, 11 κἑξ., ἀλλ΄ ἴδε Μυλλέρου π. Δωρ. 2. 6. § 6: - Ἴδε κατάλογον τῶν ὀνομάτων αὐτοῦ καὶ ἰδιοτήτων ἐν τῇ Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. τ. 4. Πίνακ. ΙΙΙ.
English (Autenrieth)
Ἀπόλλωνος: Apollo, son of Zeus and Leto, and brother of Artemis, like her bringing sudden, painless death (see ἀγανός); god of the sun and of light, Φοῖβος, λυκηγενής, of prophecy (his oracle in Pytho, Od. 8.79), Il. 1.72, Od. 8.488; but not in Homer specifically god of music and leader of the Muses, though he delights the divine assembly with the strains of his lyre, Il. 1.603; defender of the Trojans and their capital, and of other towns in the Trojan domain, Cilla, Chryse, Il. 1.37, Il. 4.507; epithets, ἀκερσεκόμης, ἀφήτωρ, διΐφιλος, ἑκατηβόλος, ἕκατος, ἑκηβόλος, ἑκάεργος, ἰήιος, κερδῷος, λαοσσός, παιήων, χρυσάορος, Σμινθεύς, Φοῖβος.
English (Slater)
ᾰπόλλων (-ων, -ωνος, -ωνι, -ωνα, -ον)
a ὑπ' Ἀπόλλωνος γλυκείας πρῶτον ἔψαυσ Ἀφροδίτας sc. Euadne (O. 6.35) δᾶμον Ὑπερβορέων Ἀπόλλωνος θεράποντα (O. 3.16) ἔννεπε δ' εὐθὺς Ἀπόλλων as Pythian oracle (O. 8.41) (Χάριτες) χρυσότοξον θέμεναι πάρα Πύθιον Ἀπόλλωνα θρόνους (O. 14.11) χρυσέα φόρμιγξ, Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ ἰοπλοκάμων σύνδικον Μοισᾶν κτέανον (P. 1.1) Κίνυραν, τὸν ὁ χρυσοχαῖτα προφρόνως ἐφίλησ' Ἀπόλλων (P. 2.16) εἰς Ἀίδα δόμον ἐν θαλάμῳ κατέβα, τέχναις Ἀπόλλωνος sc. Koronis (P. 3.11) τότ' ἔειπεν Ἀπόλλων (P. 3.40) οὐκ ἀποδάμου Ἀπόλλωνος τυχόντος ἱέρεα χρῆσεν (P. 4.5) τῷ μὲν Ἀπόλλων ἅ τε Πυθὼ κῦδος ἐξ ἀμφικτιόνων ἔπορεν ἱπποδρομίας (P. 4.66) “οὔ τί που οὗτος Ἀπόλλων” (P. 4.87) ἐξ Ἀπόλλωνος δὲ φορμιγκτὰς ἀοιδᾶν πατὴρ ἔμολεν, εὐαίνητος Ὀρφεύς (P. 4.176) ἐπ' Ἀπόλλωνός τε κράνᾳ in Cyrene (P. 4.294) ὁ δ' ἀρχαγέτας Ἀπόλλων since his oracle ordered the foundation of Cyrene (P. 5.60) Ἄπολλον, τεᾷ, Καρνήἰ, ἐν δαιτὶ (Boeckh: Καρνεῖ(ε) codd.: at Cyrene) (P. 5.79) Ἐρεχθέος ἀστῶν, Ἄπολλον, οἳ τεὸν δόμον Πυθῶνι δίᾳ θαητὸν ἔτευξαν (i. e. the Alkmaionidai: cf. Herod., 5. 62) (P. 7.10) δμᾶθεν δὲ κεραυνῷ τόξοισί τ' Ἀπόλλωνος (sc. οἱ Γίγαντες) (P. 8.18) εὐρυφαρέτρας ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων (P. 9.28) Ἄπολλον (P. 10.10) Ψπερβορέων . ὧν θαλίαις ἔμπεδον εὐφαμίαις τε μάλιστ' Ἀπόλλων χαίρει (P. 10.35) φόρμιγγ' Ἀπόλλων ἑπτάγλωσσον χρυσέῳ πλάκτρῳ διώκων ἁγεῖτο παντοίων νόμων (N. 5.24) μείς τ' ἐπιχώριος, ὃν φίλησ Ἀπόλλων (παρ' Αἰγινήταις Δελφίνιος μὴν ἄγεται Δελφινίου Ἀπόλλωνος ἱερός. Σ.) (N. 5.44) κωμάσομεν παρ' Ἀπόλλωνος Σικυω- νόθε, Μοῖσαι, τὰν νεόκτιστον ἐς Αἴτναν i. e. from the temple of Apollo at Sikyon, where were held the games called Pythia (N. 9.1) ἐν Κρίσᾳ δ' εὐρυσθενὴς εἶδ Ἀπόλλων μιν πόρε τἀγλαίαν (I. 2.18) ἐν χρόνῳ δ' ἔγεντ Ἀπόλλων fr. 33b = fr. 147 Schr. ὧραι [Ἀπόλ]λωνι δαῖτα φιλησιστέφανον ἄγοντες (Pae. 1.8) [παι]ᾶνα [δι]ώξω Δηρηνὸν Ἀπόλλωνα πάρ τ' Ἀφρο[δίταν at Abdera Πα. 2. . ἰήιε, Δάλἰ Ἄπολλον (Pae. 5.1) 1, 3, . ἔσχον Δᾶλον, ἐπεί σφιν Ἀπόλλων δῶκεν ὁ χρυσοκόμας Ἀστερίας δέμας οἰκεῖν (Pae. 5.40) κατέβαν στεφάνων καὶ θαλιᾶν τροφὸν ἄλσος Ἀπόλλωνος at Delphi Πα. . 1. πρὸ πόνων δέ κε μεγάλων Δαρδανίαν ἔπραθεν, εἰ μὴ φύλασσεν Ἀπόλλων (Pae. 6.91) Ἀπόλλωνί γ[ (Pae. 7.5) Ἄπολλο[ν Πα. 7B. 1. κλυτοὶ μάντιες Ἀπόλλωνος (Pae. 8.13) ]ἄναξ Ἄπολλον[ (Pae. 16.2) ὁ Μοισαγέτας με καλεῖ χορεῦσαι Ἀπόλλων fr. 94c. 2. παιηο[ν- ] Ἀπόλλωνί τε καὶ[ fr. 140b. 10. ὀρχήστ' ἀγλαίας ἀνάσσων, εὐρυφάρετῤ Ἄπολλον fr. 148. ]εν γάρ, Ἄπολλον[ fr. 215. 8. ]Ἀπόλλωνι μὲν θ[ ?fr. 333a. 4.
b Apollo Agreus or Nomios; cf. Serv. ad Virg. Georg. 1. 14, = Hes. fr. 129. R={3}. “θήσονταί τέ νιν (sc. Ἀρισταῖον) ἀθάνατον, Ζῆνα καὶ ἁγνὸν Ἀπόλλων, ἀνδράσι χάρμα φίλοις, ἄγχιστον ὀπάονα μήλων, Ἀγρέα καὶ Νόμιον, τοῖς δ' Ἀρισταῖον καλεῖν” (P. 9.64)
c test., v. fr. 51a, fr. 55, fr. 56, fr. 100.
Greek Monotonic
Ἀπόλλων: ὁ, γεν. -ωνος, αιτ. Ἀπόλλωνα, συγκεκ. Ἀπόλλω, κλητ. Ἄπολλον (η πρώτη συλλ. είναι μακρά στον Όμηρ. χάριν του μέτρου)· ο θεός Απόλλων, γιος του Δία και της Λητούς, αδελφός της Αρτέμιδος, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· στον Όμηρ., οι άνδρες που βρίσκουν αιφνίδιο θάνατο λέγεται ότι φονεύονται από τα ἀγανὰ βέλεα του Απόλλωνα· πρβλ. Ἄρτεμις.
Frisk Etymological English
-ωνος
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: gods name (Il.)
Other forms: Voc. ῎Απολλον.
Dialectal forms: In Myc. perhaps ]perjo[ /A]pely[on-/, Ruijgh Études 56. Ἀπέλλων (Dor.), Ἀπείλων (Cypr.), Ἄπλουν (Thess.)
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Since J. Schmidt KZ 32, 327ff. explained from the voc. Ἄπολλον, itself assimilated from Ἄπελλον, cf. PN Ἀπελλίων, Ἀπελλῆς etc. Cypr. Ἀπείλων points to *Ἀπέλι̯ων as the basis of Dor. Ἀπέλλων; Thess. Ἄπλουν perhaps from (Pre-Greek) Apel-on- (Ruijgh, ap. Beekes, below).- There is no IE etymology. One tried connection with *ἄπελος Kraft, (in ὀλιγηπελίη, q.v.) and Germanic e. g. in awno. afi n. Kraft (Kretschmer Glotta 13, 242 A. 1; 15,191; 18, 205; 27, 32; 31, 102); also Illyrian PN, as Mag-aplinus, Aplo etc. (Krahe IF 57, 117f.). Criticism by Sommer IF 55, 176 A. 2 and Nilsson, s. below). - Improbable Solders Arch. f. Religionswiss. 32, 142ff. (to ἀπέλλαι σηκοί H., orig. "Steinfügung", from α copulativum and πέλλα λίθος H., because of the holy stones in the cult of Apollon; s. Kretschmer Glotta 27, 32). See also Bq. As Apollon was assumed to come from Asia Minor, one looked there for a connection. But Lyd. Pλdans Artimuk (s. on Ἄρτεμις) had initial q-. - Cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 498ff. (esp. 523ff.); Chantraine L'Ant. class. 22, 68. - Burkert's idea that the name was derived from ἀμέλλαι is impossible (Beekes, Journ. Anc. Near Eastern Rel. 2, 2003). The name is prob. Pre-Greek, and Hitt. ]appaliunas, in a treaty between Alaksandus of Wilusa and the Hittite king, may well be the Pre-Greek proto-form (Apalyun).
Middle Liddell
Apollo, son of Zeus and Latona, brother of Artemis, Hom., etc.: in Hom. men who die suddenly are said to be slain by his ἀγανὰ βέλεα; cf. Ἄρτεμις.
Frisk Etymology German
Ἀπόλλων: -ωνος
{Apóllōn}
Forms: Dialektische Nebenformen: Ἀπέλλων (dor.), Ἀπείλων (kypr.), Ἄπλουν (thess.). — Seit J. Schmidt KZ 32, 327ff. wird die Form Ἀπόλλων als analogisch nach dem Vok. Ἄπολλον erklärt, der seinerseits durch Vokalharmonie aus Ἄπελλον entstanden wäre, vgl. noch die PN Ἀπελλίων, Ἀπελλῆς usw. Aus kypr. Ἀπείλων läßt sich eine Grundform *Ἀπέλι̯ων erschließen, die auch dor. Ἀπέλλων, aber nicht thess. Ἄπλουν erklärt.
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Göttername.
Derivative: Ableitungen: Ἀπολλώνιος ‘zu A. gehörig’ (Pi. usw.), substantiviert in verschiedenen Bedeutungen, auch EN, fem. -ιάς; Ἀπολλωνιακός ib. (Ph. u. a.); Deminutivum Ἀπολλωνίσκος (Delos, Ath.); Ἀπολλωνιών Monatsname (Halikarnassos); Ἀπολλωνιασταί m. N. der Apolloverehrer (Rhodos), vgl. z. B. Ἀρτεμισιασταί und Chantraine Formation 317.
Etymology: Etymologie unbekannt. Die Versuche, Ἀπόλλων aus dem Indogermanischen zu erklären, haben zu keinem überzeugenden Ergebnis geführt. Von den verschiedenen Hypothesen ist immer zu nennen die auf Prellwitz BB 24, 214ff. zurückgehende und u. a. wiederholt von Kretschmer (Glotta 13, 242 A. 1; 15,191; 18, 205; 27, 32; 31, 102) befürwortete Zusammenstellung mit einem Substantiv *ἄπελος Kraft, das in ὀλιγηπελίη Ohnmacht (s. d.) usw. vermutet wird und im Germanischen u. a. in awno. afi n. Kraft vorliegen soll; dazu noch mehrere illyrische PN, wie Mag-aplinus, Aplo usw. (Krahe IF 57, 117f.). (Kritik dieser Deutung bei Sommer IF 55, 176 A. 2 und bei Nilsson, s. unten). — Anders Solders Arch. f. Religionswiss. 32, 142ff.: zu ἀπέλλαι· σηκοί H., eig. etwa "Steinfügung", von α copulativum und πέλλα· λίθος H.(?), wegen der großen Bedeutung, die die heiligen Steine im Kult des Apollon hatten; Einwände bei Kretschmer Glotta 27, 32. — Ganz unannehmbar Ehrlich Sprachgesch. 32f., Hopfner KZ 49, 253ff. Ältere Deutungen bei Bq. Da der Gott Apollon zweifellos aus Kleinasien stammt, ist wahrscheinlich auch der Name kleinasiatischer Herkunft. Zu vergleichen ist in erster Linie lyd. Pλdans Artimuk (vgl. s. Ἄρτεμις). Unsicher aber möglich ist die von Forrer erwogene und namentlich von Kretschmer Glotta 24, 203ff. verfochtene Identität mit heth. ] .ap-pa-li-u-na-aš, das wahrscheinlich einen Gott bezeichnet, aber vorn verstümmelt sein kann, vgl. Sommer IF 55, 176ff. — Auf vier Altären aus dem inneren Kleinasien hat Hrozný Archiv Orientální 8, 171ff. einen Namen Apulunas in hethitischer Hieroglyphenschrift erkennen zu können geglaubt; die Lesung muß aber als sehr hypothetisch betrachtet werden. — Näheres bei Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 498ff. (bes. 523ff.) mit ausführlichen Literaturnachweisen; s. noch Chantraine L’Ant. class. 22, 68 m. Lit.
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Wikipedia EN
Apollo (Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek: Ἀπόλλων, Apollōn (GEN Ἀπόλλωνος); Doric: Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn; Arcadocypriot: Ἀπείλων, Apeilōn; Aeolic: Ἄπλουν, Aploun; Latin: Apollō)
The name Apollo—unlike the related older name Paean—is generally not found in the Linear B (Mycenean Greek) texts, although there is a possible attestation in the lacunose form ]pe-rjo-[ (Linear B: ]𐀟𐁊-[) on the KN E 842 tablet.
The etymology of the name is uncertain. The spelling Ἀπόλλων (pronounced [a.pól.lɔːn] in Classical Attic) had almost superseded all other forms by the beginning of the common era, but the Doric form, Apellon (Ἀπέλλων), is more archaic, as it is derived from an earlier *Ἀπέλjων. It probably is a cognate to the Doric month Apellaios (Ἀπελλαῖος), and the offerings apellaia (ἀπελλαῖα) at the initiation of the young men during the family-festival apellai (ἀπέλλαι). According to some scholars, the words are derived from the Doric word apella (ἀπέλλα), which originally meant "wall," "fence for animals" and later "assembly within the limits of the square." Apella (Ἀπέλλα) is the name of the popular assembly in Sparta, corresponding to the ecclesia (ἐκκλησία). R. S. P. Beekes rejected the connection of the theonym with the noun apellai and suggested a Pre-Greek proto-form *Apalyun.
Several instances of popular etymology are attested from ancient authors. Thus, the Greeks most often associated Apollo's name with the Greek verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi), "to destroy". Plato in Cratylus connects the name with ἀπόλυσις (apolysis), "redemption", with ἀπόλουσις (apolousis), "purification", and with ἁπλοῦν ([h]aploun), "simple", in particular in reference to the Thessalian form of the name, Ἄπλουν, and finally with Ἀειβάλλων (aeiballon), "ever-shooting". Hesychius connects the name Apollo with the Doric ἀπέλλα (apella), which means "assembly", so that Apollo would be the god of political life, and he also gives the explanation σηκός (sekos), "fold", in which case Apollo would be the god of flocks and herds. In the ancient Macedonian language πέλλα (pella) means "stone," and some toponyms may be derived from this word: Πέλλα (Pella, the capital of ancient Macedonia) and Πελλήνη (Pellēnē/Pallene).
A number of non-Greek etymologies have been suggested for the name, The Hittite form Apaliunas (dx-ap-pa-li-u-na-aš) is attested in the Manapa-Tarhunta letter, perhaps related to Hurrian (and certainly the Etruscan) Aplu, a god of plague, in turn likely from Akkadian Aplu Enlil meaning simply "the son of Enlil", a title that was given to the god Nergal, who was linked to Shamash, Babylonian god of the sun. The role of Apollo as god of plague is evident in the invocation of Apollo Smintheus ("mouse Apollo") by Chryses, the Trojan priest of Apollo, with the purpose of sending a plague against the Greeks (the reasoning behind a god of the plague becoming a god of healing is apotropaic, meaning that the god responsible for bringing the plague must be appeased in order to remove the plague).
The Hittite testimony reflects an early form *Apeljōn, which may also be surmised from comparison of Cypriot Ἀπείλων with Doric Ἀπέλλων. The name of the Lydian god Qλdãns /kʷʎðãns/ may reflect an earlier /kʷalyán-/ before palatalization, syncope, and the pre-Lydian sound change *y > d. Note the labiovelar in place of the labial /p/ found in pre-Doric Ἀπέλjων and Hittite Apaliunas.
A Luwian etymology suggested for Apaliunas makes Apollo "The One of Entrapment", perhaps in the sense of "Hunter".
Léxico de magia
ὁ imagen de Apolo figura que se talla en madera de laurel ἔστιν ἐπιθεῖναι τῇ τραπέζῃ ὑπόκενον Ἀπόλλωνα ἐν ξύλῳ δάφνης hay que poner sobre la mesa una imagen de Apolo hueca en madera de laurel P III 296 ἔχε δὲ καὶ ἐκ ῥίζης δάφνης τὸν συνεργοῦντα Ἀπόλλωνα γεγλυμμένον ten también de la raíz de un laurel una imagen de Apolo grabada como colaborador P XIII 103 P XIII 660 γλύψον δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα τὸ μέγα ὄνομα Αἰγυπτιακῷ σχήματι graba alrededor de la imagen de Apolo el gran nombre a la manera egipcia P XIII 105 P XIII 662
Translations
af: Apollo; als: Apollon; an: Apolo; ar: أبولو; arz: ابولو; ast: Apolu; as: এপ'ল'; azb: آپولون; az: Apollon; bar: Apollon; be_x_old: Апалён; be: Апалон; bg: Аполон; bn: অ্যাপোলো; bo: ཨ་པོ་ལུའོ།; br: Apollon; bs: Apolon; ca: Apol·lo; cdo: Ā-pŏ̤-lò̤; chr: ᎠᏉᎳ; ckb: ئەپۆڵۆ; cs: Apollón; cv: Аполлон; cy: Apollo; da: Apollon; de: Apollon; el: Απόλλων; en: Apollo; eo: Apolono; es: Apolo; et: Apollon; eu: Apolo; fa: آپولون; fi: Apollon; fr: Apollon; fur: Apol; fy: Apollo; ga: Apalló; gl: Apolo; gor: Apollo; he: אפולו; hi: अपोलो; hr: Apolon; hu: Apollón; hy: Ապոլլոն; ia: Apollon; id: Apollo; io: Apollon; is: Apollon; it: Apollo; ja: アポローン; jv: Apollo; ka: აპოლონი; kk: Аполлон; kn: ಅಪೊಲೊ; ko: 아폴론; ku: Apollon; kw: Appolyn; ky: Аполлон; la: Apollo; lb: Apollo; lt: Apolonas; lv: Apollons; mk: Аполон; ml: അപ്പോളോ; mr: अपोलो; ms: Apollo; mt: Apollo; mzn: آپولو; nds: Apollon; ne: एपोलो; nl: Apollo; nn: Apollon; no: Apollon; nrm: Apollon; oc: Apollon; pa: ਅਪੋਲੋ; pl: Apollo; pt: Apolo; ro: Apollo; rue: Аполлон; ru: Аполлон; sh: Apolon; simple: Apollo; sk: Apolón; sl: Apolon; sq: Apoloni; sr: Аполон; sv: Apollon; sw: Apolo; ta: அப்பல்லோ; tg: Аполлон; th: อะพอลโล; tl: Apollo; tr: Apollon; tt: Apollon; uk: Аполлон; ur: اپالو; uz: Apollon; vep: Apollon; vi: Apollo; war: Apollo; wuu: 阿波罗; zh_min_nan: Apollo; zh_yue: 阿波羅; zh: 阿波罗