κακία: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=kakia
|Transliteration C=kakia
|Beta Code=kaki/a
|Beta Code=kaki/a
|Definition=ἡ, ([[κακός]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[badness]] in quality, opp. [[ἀρετή]] ([[excellence]]), Thgn. 322, S.''OT''512 (lyr.), Pl.''Smp.''181e, ''R.''348c, etc.; <b class="b3">κακίᾳ ἡνιόχων</b> by their [[incapacity]], Id.''Phdr.''248b: pl., [[κακίαι]] = [[defect]]s, Luc.''Hist.Conscr.'' 6.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[cowardice]], [[faint-heartedness]], Th.2.87, Pl.''R.''556d; κακία καὶ [[ἀνανδρία]] Id.''Cri.''46a.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[moral badness]], [[vice]], μετ' ἀρετῆς ἀλλ' οὐ μετὰ κακίας And. 1.56; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀρετή, ὡσαύτως δὲ… καὶ ἡ κακία</b> Pl.''Men.''72a, etc.; personified in the Fable of [[Prodicus]], X.''Mem.''2.1.26: pl., <b class="b3">περὶ κακιῶν</b>, title of [[treatise]] by [[Philodemus]].<br><span class="bld">4</span> Philos., ''Evil'', [[ὕλη]] κακίας [[αἰτία]] Plot. 1.8.14.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[ill-repute]], [[dishonour]], κ. ἀντιλαβεῖν Th.3.58.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[hurt]], [[damage]] done or suffered, [[LXX]] ''1 Ki.''6.9, ''1 Ma.'' 7.23, ''Ev.Matt.''6.34.
|Definition=ἡ, ([[κακός]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[badness]] in quality, opp. [[ἀρετή]] ([[excellence]]), Thgn. 322, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''512 (lyr.), Pl.''Smp.''181e, ''R.''348c, etc.; <b class="b3">κακίᾳ ἡνιόχων</b> by their [[incapacity]], Id.''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''248b: pl., [[κακίαι]] = [[defect]]s, Luc.''Hist.Conscr.'' 6.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[cowardice]], [[faint-heartedness]], Th.2.87, Pl.''R.''556d; κακία καὶ [[ἀνανδρία]] Id.''Cri.''46a.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[moral badness]], [[vice]], μετ' ἀρετῆς ἀλλ' οὐ μετὰ κακίας And. 1.56; ἡ [[ἀρετή]], [[ὡσαύτως]] δὲ… καὶ ἡ κακία Pl.''Men.''72a, etc.; personified in the Fable of [[Prodicus]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.1.26: pl., <b class="b3">περὶ κακιῶν</b>, title of [[treatise]] by [[Philodemus]].<br><span class="bld">4</span> Philos., ''Evil'', [[ὕλη]] κακίας [[αἰτία]] Plot. 1.8.14.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[ill-repute]], [[dishonour]], κ. ἀντιλαβεῖν Th.3.58.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[hurt]], [[damage]] done or suffered, [[LXX]] ''1 Ki.''6.9, ''1 Ma.'' 7.23, ''Ev.Matt.''6.34.
}}
}}
{{pape
{{pape
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{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized
{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized
|woodrun=[[baseness]], [[wickedness]], [[dishonourableness]]
|woodrun=[[baseness]], [[wickedness]], [[dishonourableness]]
}}
{{lxth
|lthtxt=''[[malitia]]'', [[wickedness]], [[malice]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.32.5/ 1.32.5],<br>''[[ignavia]]'', [[idleness]], [[inactivity]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.87.3/ 2.87.3],<br>''[[dedecus]]'', [[disgrace]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.58.1/ 3.58.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.61.1/ 3.61.1].
}}
{{trml
|trtx====[[cowardice]]===
Arabic: جَبَانَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: جبانة‎; Armenian: վախկոտություն, երկչոտություն; Azerbaijani: qorxaqlıq; Belarusian: трусасць, палахлі́васць, баязлі́васць, маладушнасць; Bulgarian: страхливост, малодушие; Catalan: covardia; Cebuano: katalawan; Chinese Mandarin: 膽怯/胆怯, 怯懦; Czech: zbabělost; Danish: fejhed; Dutch: [[lafheid]]; Esperanto: malkuraĝeco; Estonian: argus; Finnish: pelkuruus; French: [[lâcheté]], [[couardise]]; Galician: covardía; Georgian: სიმხდალე; German: [[Feigheit]], [[Kleinmut]], [[Ängstlichkeit]]; Greek: [[δειλία]], [[ανανδρία]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀνάλκεια]], [[ἀναλκείη]], [[ἀνανδρία]], [[ἀποδειλίασις]], [[ἀποκάκησις]], [[ἀτολμία]], [[ἀψυχία]], [[δειλανδρία]], [[δειλία]], [[δειλίη]], [[δειλότης]], [[κακανδρία]], [[κάκη]], [[κακία]], [[κακότης]], [[μικροθυμία]], [[ὀλιγοθυμία]], [[ὀλιγοψυχία]], [[ὀλιγοψυχίη]], [[πονηρία]], [[ῥιψασπία]], [[ταπεινότης]], [[ὑποστολή]]; Guaraní: py'amirĩ; Hebrew: פַּחְדָנוּת‎; Hindi: कायरता, बुज़दिली; Hungarian: gyávaság; Icelandic: gunguskapur, heigulsháttur, ragmennska, bleyði; Ido: poltroneso, deskurajo; Ilocano: takrot; Indonesian: kepengecutan; Interlingua: coardia; Italian: [[codardia]], [[viltà]], [[pusillanimità]], [[vigliaccheria]]; Ivatan: katahaw; Japanese: 憶病, 卑怯; Kazakh: жүрексіздік, қорқақтық; Korean: 비겁(卑怯); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: newêrekî, tirsokî, tirsonekî, bêcesaretî, bêcuretî; Kyrgyz: коркоктук, жүрөксүздүк; Ladino: kagadero, kagatina; Latin: [[ignavia]]; Latvian: gļēvulība; Lithuanian: bailumas; Macedonian: кукавичлук, плашливост; Malayalam: ഭീരുത്വം; Middle English: cowardnesse, cowardie, cowardise; Norwegian Bokmål: feighet; Nynorsk: feigskap; Old English: ierġþ; Old Norse: bleyði, argskapr, hugbleyði, geitarhugr, klaeki, ragmennska, ragskapr, regi; Ottoman Turkish: یوركسزلك‎, طبانسزلق‎; Persian: بزدلی‎; Polish: tchórzostwo, tchórzliwość, bojaźliwość; Portuguese: [[covardia]]; Romanian: poltronerie, lașitate; Russian: [[трусость]], [[трусливость]], [[малодушие]], [[боязливость]], [[бздение]]; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaireachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: кукавѝчлук, стра̀шљиво̄ст, пла̀шљиво̄ст, боја̀жљиво̄ст; Roman: kukavìčluk, stràšljivōst, plàšljivōst, bojàžljivōst; Slovak: zbabelosť; Slovene: boječnost, strahopetnost; Spanish: [[cobardía]]; Swedish: feghet; Tagalog: kaduwagan, karuwagan; Tajik: буздилӣ, тарсончакӣ; Tarifit: tiggʷdi; Tatar: куркаклык; Telugu: పిరికితనము; Thai: ความขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkaklık; Turkmen: gorkaklyk; Ukrainian: боягузтво, малодушність; Urdu: بُزْدِلی‎; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاقلىق‎; Uzbek: qoʻrqoqlik, yuraksizlik; Vietnamese: tính nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöf
===[[badness]]===
Arabic: سُوء‎; Catalan: bua; Esperanto: malbono; Finnish: pahuus; German: [[Schlechtigkeit]]; Ancient Greek: [[κακία]]; Hebrew: רוע‎; Hindi: बुराई; Hungarian: rosszaság; Irish: donacht, ainnise, olcas; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خِراپە‎; Polish: niegodziwość; Portuguese: [[ruindade]], [[maldade]]; Romanian: răutate; Russian: [[негодность]]; Spanish: [[maldad]]; Telugu: చెడ్డతనము; Turkish: kötülük; Volapük: bad; Welsh: drygioni
===[[meanness]]===
Bulgarian: низост, подлост; Dutch: [[gemeenheid]]; Greek: [[αχρειότητα]]; Irish: cneámhaireacht, suarachas; Italian: [[grettezza]], [[meschinità]], [[taccagneria]]; Japanese: 卑劣, 下劣; Latvian: zemiskums
===[[wickedness]]===
Bulgarian: злоба, лошотия; Catalan: dolenteria, malícia; Finnish: pahuus; French: [[méchanceté]], [[perversité]]; German: [[Bosheit]]; Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌰𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[μοχθηρία]], [[κακία]], [[αχρειότητα]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀνοσιότης]], [[ἀτασθαλία]], [[ἀτασθαλίη]], [[ἀτοπία]], [[κάκη]], [[κακία]], [[κακοεργία]], [[κακοεργίη]], [[κακότης]], [[κακοτροπία]], [[κακουργία]], [[μοχθηρία]], [[πανουργία]], [[πονηρία]], [[ῥᾳδιουργία]], [[τὸ κακόηθες]], [[τὸ πανοῦργον]], [[φαυλότης]]; Hebrew: רִשְׁעוּת‎; Irish: áibhirseoireacht, coireacht, colaí, díchúis, lochtaíl, mallaitheacht, urchóideacht; Italian: [[cattiveria]]; Lao: ຄວາມຊົ່ວ; Middle English: wikkednesse; Occitan: marridesa, aulesa, malícia, perversitat, malesa, malor, emmaliment, marridariá; Romagnol: cativēria; Romanian: răutate, perversitate, ticăloșie; Russian: [[злоба]]; Sanskrit: अधर्म, निकृति; Spanish: [[maldad]], [[perversidad]], [[perversión]], [[malicia]]; Tocharian B: yolaiññe; Ukrainian: злочестивість
===[[dishonour]]===
Bengali: অসম্মান, জিল্লত; Bulgarian: срам, позор; Esperanto: malhonoro; French: [[déshonneur]]; Old French: desonor; German: [[Schande]]; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌰; Greek: [[ατίμωση]], [[ντροπή]], [[ντρόπιασμα]], [[ατιμασμός]]; Ancient Greek: [[αἶσχος]], [[αἰσχύνη]], [[ἀσχημόνησις]], [[ἀσχημοσύνη]], [[ἀτιμασία]], [[ἀτιμασμός]], [[ἀτιμία]], [[ἀτιμίη]], [[ἀτίμωσις]], [[κακία]], [[λώβη]], [[ὄνειδος]], [[τὸ αἰσχρόν]], [[τὸ ἀπρεπές]]; Ido: deshonoro; Italian: [[disonore]]; Latin: [[ignominia]]; Malayalam: മാനക്കേട്; Maori: kaipirau, hōnorekore; Norwegian: skam, vanære; Old English: ǣwisċ; Old Norse: vanheiðr; Old Occitan: deshonor; Persian: ننگ‎; Plautdietsch: Oniea, * Plautdietsch: Schaund; Polish: hańba, dyshonor; Portuguese: [[desonra]]; Russian: [[позор]], [[бесчестие]], [[срам]]; Sanskrit: विमान; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: бешчашће; Roman: beščašće; Swedish: vanheder; Ukrainian: безчестя, ганьба
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 15:07, 16 November 2024

English (LSJ)

ἡ, (κακός)
A badness in quality, opp. ἀρετή (excellence), Thgn. 322, S.OT512 (lyr.), Pl.Smp.181e, R.348c, etc.; κακίᾳ ἡνιόχων by their incapacity, Id.Phdr.248b: pl., κακίαι = defects, Luc.Hist.Conscr. 6.
2 cowardice, faint-heartedness, Th.2.87, Pl.R.556d; κακία καὶ ἀνανδρία Id.Cri.46a.
3 moral badness, vice, μετ' ἀρετῆς ἀλλ' οὐ μετὰ κακίας And. 1.56; ἡ ἀρετή, ὡσαύτως δὲ… καὶ ἡ κακία Pl.Men.72a, etc.; personified in the Fable of Prodicus, X.Mem.2.1.26: pl., περὶ κακιῶν, title of treatise by Philodemus.
4 Philos., Evil, ὕλη κακίας αἰτία Plot. 1.8.14.
II ill-repute, dishonour, κ. ἀντιλαβεῖν Th.3.58.
2 hurt, damage done or suffered, LXX 1 Ki.6.9, 1 Ma. 7.23, Ev.Matt.6.34.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1298] ἡ, Schlechtigkeit, Untüchtigkeit, Gegensatz von ἀρετή, Feigheit, Thuc. 2, 87; κακίᾳ τινὶ καὶ ἀνανδρίᾳ Plat. Crit. 45 a; Rep. VIII, 556 d; im sittlichen Sinne, Plat. Conv. 181 e Crat. 386 d; τῷ ἀπ' ἐμᾶς φρενὸς οὔποτ' ὀφλήσει κακίαν Soph. O. R. 511; κακίαν ἀντιλαβεῖν, die Schande dafür einerndten, Thuc. 3, 58; personificirt, Xen. Mem. 2, 1, 26; συγγραφική, Fehler, Luc. conscr. hist. 42; a. Sp. – Auch = Unglück, Sp.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ας (ἡ) :
1 disposition au mal, disposition vicieuse, vice ; le Vice personnifié ; αἱ κακίαι défauts, vices;
2 lâcheté;
3 déshonneur, infamie.
Étymologie: κακός.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

κακία -ας, ἡ [κακός] slechtheid, spec. lafheid; personif. Κακία, ἡ Ondeugd. slechte reputatie:. κακίαν ἀντιλαβεῖν een slechte reputatie krijgen Thuc. 3.58.1. ondeugdzaamheid, onkunde:. κακίᾳ ἡνιόχων door onkunde van de wagenmenners Plat. Phaedr. 248b; κακίαι gebreken Luc. 59.6. ongeluk, ellende:. ἀρκετὸν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἡ κακία αὐτῆς elke dag heeft genoeg aan zijn eigen ellende NT Mt. 6.34.

English (Strong)

from κακός; badness, i.e. (subjectively) depravity, or (actively) malignity, or (passively) trouble: evil, malice(-iousness), naughtiness, wickedness.

English (Thayer)

κακίας, ἡ (κακός) (from Theognis down), the Sept. chiefly for רַע, and רָעָה;
1. malignity, malice, ill-will, desire to injure: wickedness, depravity: Winer's Grammar, 120 (114)); evil, trouble: SYNONYMS: κακία, πονηρία: associated Trench, Synonyms, § xi., endorsed by Ellicott (on Lightfoot (on κακία denotes rather the vicious disposition, πονηρία the active exercise of the same; cf. Xenophon, mem. 1,2, 28 εἰ μέν αὐτός (i. e. Σωκράτης) ἐποίει τί φαῦλον, εἰκότως ἄν ἐδόκει πονηρός εἶναι. Αἰ δ' αὐτός σωφρονων διετελει, πῶς ἄν δικαίως τῆς οὐκ ἐνούσης αὐτῷ κακίας αἰτίαν ἔχοι; But Fritzsche, Meyer (on Romans, the passage cited; yet cf. Weiss in edition 6), others dissentseeming nearly to reverse this distinction; cf. Suidas under the word κακία. Ἔστιν ἡ τοῦ κακῶσαι τόν πέλας σπουδή, παρά τῷ ἀποστόλω; see πονηρός, 2b.]

Greek Monolingual

η (AM κακία) κακός
1. η ιδιότητα του κακού ανθρώπου, η έλλειψη αρετής, η κακοήθεια
2. πονηρία, μοχθηρία, κακεντρέχεια
3. σκληρότητα
νεοελλ.-μσν.
1. οργή, θυμός
2. έχθρα, μίσος
μσν.
1. ατιμία, ανηθικότητα
2. αλαζονεία, φιλοδοξία
3. μνησικακία
μσν.-αρχ.
1. κακή φήμη
2. βλάβη, ζημιά που μπορεί να πάθει κάποιος
αρχ.
1. (φιλοσ.) το κακό
2. η έλλειψη της αναγκαίας στον καθένα αρετής, η έλλειψη αγαθών προσόντων.

Greek Monotonic

κᾰκία: ἡ (κακός), κακή ποιότητα χαρακτήρα, αντίθ. προς το ἀρετή(τελειότητα, υπεροχή, αρτιότητα), σε Θέογν., Σοφ.· πληθ. κακίαι, ελλείψεις, ελαττώματα, σε Λουκ.
2. δειλία, νωθρότητα, αδράνεια, σε Θουκ., Πλάτ.
3. ηθική κακότητα, κακία, μοχθηρία, σε Πλάτ., Ξεν.
II. κακή φήμη, σε Θουκ.
III. υφιστάμενο κακό, σε Καινή Διαθήκη

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

κᾰκία: ἡ, (κακὸς), ὁ κακὸς χαρακτήρ τινος, ἔλλειψις ἀγαθῶν προσόντων, ἀνικανότης, ὡς τὸ Ὁμηρικὸν κακότης (vitiositas, Κικ. Tusc. 4. 15), ἀντίθετον τῷ ἀρετή, Θέογν. 322, Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 512, Πλάτ. Συμπ. 181Ε, Πολ. 348C, κλτ.· κακίᾳ ἡνιόχων, διὰ τὴν ἀνικανότητα τῶν ἡνιόχων, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φαίδρ. 248Β· - πληθυντ. κακίαι, ἐλλείψεις, ἐλαττώματα, Λουκ. Πῶς δεῖ Ἱστ. Συγγρ. 6, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Πολ. 556D. 2) δειλία, ἔλλειψις θάρρους, ὄκνος, Θουκ. 2. 87· κακία καὶ ἀνανδρία Πλάτ. Κρίτων 45Ε. 3) ἠθικὴ κακία, μοχθηρία, πονηρία, φαυλότης, κακία, Λατ. pravitas, μετ’ ἀρετῆς ἀλλ’ οὐ μετὰ κακίας Ἀνδοκ. 8. 25· ἡ ἀρετή, ὡσαύτως δὲ... καὶ ἡ κακία Πλάτ. Μένων 72Α, κτλ.· προσωποπ. ἐν τῷ μύθῳ τοῦ Προδίκου, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 2. 1, 26. ΙΙ. κακὴ φήμη, δυσφημία, ἀτιμία, κ. ἀντιλαβεῖν Θουκ. 3. 58. 2) ὃ ὑποφέρει τις κακόν, Ἑβδ. (Α΄ Μακκ. Ζ΄, 23)· ἀρκετὸν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἡ κακία αὐτῆς Εὐαγγ. κ. Ματθ. ς΄, 34.

Middle Liddell

κᾰκία, ἡ, κακός
I. badness in quality, opp. to ἀρετή (excellence), Theogn., Soph.:—pl. κακίαι defects, Luc.
2. cowardice, sloth, Thuc., Plat.
3. moral badness, wickedness, vice, Plat., Xen.
II. ill-repute, Thuc.
III. evil suffered, NTest.

Chinese

原文音譯:kak⋯a 卡企阿
詞類次數:名詞(11)
原文字根:邪惡 相當於: (רַע‎) (רָשָׁע‎)
字義溯源:惡劣,墮落,邪惡,難處,罪惡,惡意,惡毒,惡癖,惡事;源自(κακός)*=卑劣的)。參讀 (ἁμαρτία)比較
出現次數:總共(11);太(1);徒(1);羅(1);林前(2);弗(1);西(1);多(1);雅(1);彼前(2)
譯字彙編
1) 惡毒(6) 羅1:29; 林前5:8; 弗4:31; 西3:8; 多3:3; 彼前2:1;
2) 惡毒的(1) 彼前2:16;
3) 邪惡(1) 雅1:21;
4) 惡事上(1) 林前14:20;
5) 難處(1) 太6:34;
6) 罪惡(1) 徒8:22

English (Woodhouse)

baseness, wickedness, dishonourableness

Lexicon Thucydideum

malitia, wickedness, malice, 1.32.5,
ignavia, idleness, inactivity, 2.87.3,
dedecus, disgrace, 3.58.1, 3.61.1.

Translations

cowardice

Arabic: جَبَانَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: جبانة‎; Armenian: վախկոտություն, երկչոտություն; Azerbaijani: qorxaqlıq; Belarusian: трусасць, палахлі́васць, баязлі́васць, маладушнасць; Bulgarian: страхливост, малодушие; Catalan: covardia; Cebuano: katalawan; Chinese Mandarin: 膽怯/胆怯, 怯懦; Czech: zbabělost; Danish: fejhed; Dutch: lafheid; Esperanto: malkuraĝeco; Estonian: argus; Finnish: pelkuruus; French: lâcheté, couardise; Galician: covardía; Georgian: სიმხდალე; German: Feigheit, Kleinmut, Ängstlichkeit; Greek: δειλία, ανανδρία; Ancient Greek: ἀνάλκεια, ἀναλκείη, ἀνανδρία, ἀποδειλίασις, ἀποκάκησις, ἀτολμία, ἀψυχία, δειλανδρία, δειλία, δειλίη, δειλότης, κακανδρία, κάκη, κακία, κακότης, μικροθυμία, ὀλιγοθυμία, ὀλιγοψυχία, ὀλιγοψυχίη, πονηρία, ῥιψασπία, ταπεινότης, ὑποστολή; Guaraní: py'amirĩ; Hebrew: פַּחְדָנוּת‎; Hindi: कायरता, बुज़दिली; Hungarian: gyávaság; Icelandic: gunguskapur, heigulsháttur, ragmennska, bleyði; Ido: poltroneso, deskurajo; Ilocano: takrot; Indonesian: kepengecutan; Interlingua: coardia; Italian: codardia, viltà, pusillanimità, vigliaccheria; Ivatan: katahaw; Japanese: 憶病, 卑怯; Kazakh: жүрексіздік, қорқақтық; Korean: 비겁(卑怯); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: newêrekî, tirsokî, tirsonekî, bêcesaretî, bêcuretî; Kyrgyz: коркоктук, жүрөксүздүк; Ladino: kagadero, kagatina; Latin: ignavia; Latvian: gļēvulība; Lithuanian: bailumas; Macedonian: кукавичлук, плашливост; Malayalam: ഭീരുത്വം; Middle English: cowardnesse, cowardie, cowardise; Norwegian Bokmål: feighet; Nynorsk: feigskap; Old English: ierġþ; Old Norse: bleyði, argskapr, hugbleyði, geitarhugr, klaeki, ragmennska, ragskapr, regi; Ottoman Turkish: یوركسزلك‎, طبانسزلق‎; Persian: بزدلی‎; Polish: tchórzostwo, tchórzliwość, bojaźliwość; Portuguese: covardia; Romanian: poltronerie, lașitate; Russian: трусость, трусливость, малодушие, боязливость, бздение; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaireachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: кукавѝчлук, стра̀шљиво̄ст, пла̀шљиво̄ст, боја̀жљиво̄ст; Roman: kukavìčluk, stràšljivōst, plàšljivōst, bojàžljivōst; Slovak: zbabelosť; Slovene: boječnost, strahopetnost; Spanish: cobardía; Swedish: feghet; Tagalog: kaduwagan, karuwagan; Tajik: буздилӣ, тарсончакӣ; Tarifit: tiggʷdi; Tatar: куркаклык; Telugu: పిరికితనము; Thai: ความขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkaklık; Turkmen: gorkaklyk; Ukrainian: боягузтво, малодушність; Urdu: بُزْدِلی‎; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاقلىق‎; Uzbek: qoʻrqoqlik, yuraksizlik; Vietnamese: tính nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöf

badness

Arabic: سُوء‎; Catalan: bua; Esperanto: malbono; Finnish: pahuus; German: Schlechtigkeit; Ancient Greek: κακία; Hebrew: רוע‎; Hindi: बुराई; Hungarian: rosszaság; Irish: donacht, ainnise, olcas; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خِراپە‎; Polish: niegodziwość; Portuguese: ruindade, maldade; Romanian: răutate; Russian: негодность; Spanish: maldad; Telugu: చెడ్డతనము; Turkish: kötülük; Volapük: bad; Welsh: drygioni

meanness

Bulgarian: низост, подлост; Dutch: gemeenheid; Greek: αχρειότητα; Irish: cneámhaireacht, suarachas; Italian: grettezza, meschinità, taccagneria; Japanese: 卑劣, 下劣; Latvian: zemiskums

wickedness

Bulgarian: злоба, лошотия; Catalan: dolenteria, malícia; Finnish: pahuus; French: méchanceté, perversité; German: Bosheit; Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌰𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌴𐌹; Greek: μοχθηρία, κακία, αχρειότητα; Ancient Greek: ἀνοσιότης, ἀτασθαλία, ἀτασθαλίη, ἀτοπία, κάκη, κακία, κακοεργία, κακοεργίη, κακότης, κακοτροπία, κακουργία, μοχθηρία, πανουργία, πονηρία, ῥᾳδιουργία, τὸ κακόηθες, τὸ πανοῦργον, φαυλότης; Hebrew: רִשְׁעוּת‎; Irish: áibhirseoireacht, coireacht, colaí, díchúis, lochtaíl, mallaitheacht, urchóideacht; Italian: cattiveria; Lao: ຄວາມຊົ່ວ; Middle English: wikkednesse; Occitan: marridesa, aulesa, malícia, perversitat, malesa, malor, emmaliment, marridariá; Romagnol: cativēria; Romanian: răutate, perversitate, ticăloșie; Russian: злоба; Sanskrit: अधर्म, निकृति; Spanish: maldad, perversidad, perversión, malicia; Tocharian B: yolaiññe; Ukrainian: злочестивість

dishonour

Bengali: অসম্মান, জিল্লত; Bulgarian: срам, позор; Esperanto: malhonoro; French: déshonneur; Old French: desonor; German: Schande; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌰; Greek: ατίμωση, ντροπή, ντρόπιασμα, ατιμασμός; Ancient Greek: αἶσχος, αἰσχύνη, ἀσχημόνησις, ἀσχημοσύνη, ἀτιμασία, ἀτιμασμός, ἀτιμία, ἀτιμίη, ἀτίμωσις, κακία, λώβη, ὄνειδος, τὸ αἰσχρόν, τὸ ἀπρεπές; Ido: deshonoro; Italian: disonore; Latin: ignominia; Malayalam: മാനക്കേട്; Maori: kaipirau, hōnorekore; Norwegian: skam, vanære; Old English: ǣwisċ; Old Norse: vanheiðr; Old Occitan: deshonor; Persian: ننگ‎; Plautdietsch: Oniea, * Plautdietsch: Schaund; Polish: hańba, dyshonor; Portuguese: desonra; Russian: позор, бесчестие, срам; Sanskrit: विमान; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: бешчашће; Roman: beščašće; Swedish: vanheder; Ukrainian: безчестя, ганьба