ταπεινόω: Difference between revisions
δυοῖν κακοῖν προκειμένοιν τὸ μὴ χεῖρον βέλτιστον → the lesser of two evils, the less bad thing of a pair of bad things, better the devil you know, better the devil you know than the devil you don't, better the devil you know than the devil you don't know, better the devil you know than the one you don't, better the devil you know than the one you don't know, the devil that you know is better than the devil that you don't know, the devil we know is better than the devil we don't, the devil we know is better than the devil we don't know, the devil you know is better than the devil you don't
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|Transliteration C=tapeinoo | |Transliteration C=tapeinoo | ||
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|Definition=<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[lower]], in point of height, [[reduce]], [[σπλῆνα]] (swollen spleen) Dsc.2.155:—Pass., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Is.</span>40.4</span>; πρόσωπον ἐκ μετεώρου ταπεινούμενον <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Coac.</span>208</span>; of a plant, [[decrease in size]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>7.13.9</span>; of rivers, <span class="bibl">D.S.1.36</span>; Astrol., of a planet, [[suffer dejection]], <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.119.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> metaph., [[lessen]], τὸν φθόνον <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>32</span>; τὸ ἐν μέλιτι χολῶδες Gal.15.683 (to expl. [[κολάζεται]] in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>59</span>); [[disparage]], [[minimize]], <span class="bibl">Plb.6.15.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.85.7</span>:—Pass., to [[be lowered]] or [[lessened]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>72d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[humble]], [[abase]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.18</span>; τ. καὶ συστέλλων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>210e</span>; ταπεινώσαντες . . τοὺς νῦν ἐπηρμένους <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.235</span>:—Pass., ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254e</span>; ὑπὸ πενίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>553c</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.225 S.; τεταπείνωται ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων δόξα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.5.4</span>; ἐταπεινοῦντο ταῖς ἐλπίσι <span class="bibl">D.S.13.11</span>; τεταπεινωμένων τῶν ἄλλων διὰ τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων κατάστασιν Anon.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>664.22. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[violate]] a woman, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>34.2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ki.</span>13.12</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ez.</span>22.10</span>,''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in moral sense, [[make lowly]], [[humble]], ἑαυτόν <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.38</span> J., <span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span> 23.12, al.:—Pass., [[humble oneself]], τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα <span class="bibl">Men.544</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>16.9</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Si.</span>18.21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Pet.</span>5.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> especially of fasting or abstinence, <b class="b3">θεοῦ ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ</b> (i.e. on a fast-day) ταπεινοῦται μεθ' ἱκετείας <span class="title">SIG</span>1181.11 (Rhenea, Jewish, ii A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐὰν ψυχὴν τεταπεινωμένην ἐμπλήσῃς</b> feed [[the hungry]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Is.</span>58.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Le.</span>23.27</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι</b>, opp. [[περισσεύειν]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Phil.</span>4.12</span>.</span> | |Definition=<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[lower]], in point of height, [[reduce]], [[σπλῆνα]] (swollen spleen) Dsc.2.155:—Pass., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Is.</span>40.4</span>; πρόσωπον ἐκ μετεώρου ταπεινούμενον <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Coac.</span>208</span>; of a plant, [[decrease in size]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>7.13.9</span>; of rivers, <span class="bibl">D.S.1.36</span>; Astrol., of a planet, [[suffer dejection]], <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.119.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> metaph., [[lessen]], τὸν φθόνον <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>32</span>; τὸ ἐν μέλιτι χολῶδες Gal.15.683 (to expl. [[κολάζεται]] in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>59</span>); [[disparage]], [[minimize]], <span class="bibl">Plb.6.15.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.85.7</span>:—Pass., to [[be lowered]] or [[lessened]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>72d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[humble]], [[abase]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.18</span>; τ. καὶ συστέλλων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>210e</span>; ταπεινώσαντες . . τοὺς νῦν ἐπηρμένους <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.235</span>:—Pass., ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254e</span>; ὑπὸ πενίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>553c</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.225 S.; τεταπείνωται ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων δόξα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.5.4</span>; ἐταπεινοῦντο ταῖς ἐλπίσι <span class="bibl">D.S.13.11</span>; τεταπεινωμένων τῶν ἄλλων διὰ τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων κατάστασιν Anon.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>664.22. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[violate]] a woman, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ge.</span>34.2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ki.</span>13.12</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ez.</span>22.10</span>,''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in moral sense, [[make lowly]], [[humble]], ἑαυτόν <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.38</span> J., <span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span> 23.12, al.:—Pass., [[humble oneself]], τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα <span class="bibl">Men.544</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ge.</span>16.9</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Si.</span>18.21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Pet.</span>5.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> especially of fasting or abstinence, <b class="b3">θεοῦ ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ</b> (i.e. on a fast-day) ταπεινοῦται μεθ' ἱκετείας <span class="title">SIG</span>1181.11 (Rhenea, Jewish, ii A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐὰν ψυχὴν τεταπεινωμένην ἐμπλήσῃς</b> feed [[the hungry]], <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Is.</span>58.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Le.</span>23.27</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι</b>, opp. [[περισσεύειν]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Phil.</span>4.12</span>.</span> | ||
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Revision as of 09:25, 15 October 2022
English (LSJ)
A lower, in point of height, reduce, σπλῆνα (swollen spleen) Dsc.2.155:—Pass., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται LXX Is.40.4; πρόσωπον ἐκ μετεώρου ταπεινούμενον Hp.Coac.208; of a plant, decrease in size, Thphr.HP7.13.9; of rivers, D.S.1.36; Astrol., of a planet, suffer dejection, Vett.Val.119.15. II metaph., lessen, τὸν φθόνον Plu.Per.32; τὸ ἐν μέλιτι χολῶδες Gal.15.683 (to expl. κολάζεται in Hp.Acut.59); disparage, minimize, Plb.6.15.7, cf. 3.85.7:—Pass., to be lowered or lessened, Pl.Ti.72d. 2 humble, abase, X.An.6.3.18; τ. καὶ συστέλλων Pl.Ly.210e; ταπεινώσαντες . . τοὺς νῦν ἐπηρμένους Aeschin.3.235:—Pass., ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται Pl.Phdr.254e; ὑπὸ πενίας Id.R.553c, Phld.Rh.1.225 S.; τεταπείνωται ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων δόξα X.Mem.3.5.4; ἐταπεινοῦντο ταῖς ἐλπίσι D.S.13.11; τεταπεινωμένων τῶν ἄλλων διὰ τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων κατάστασιν Anon.Oxy.664.22. b violate a woman, LXX Ge.34.2, 2 Ki.13.12,14, Ez.22.10,ΙΙ. 3 in moral sense, make lowly, humble, ἑαυτόν Phld.Vit.p.38 J., Ev.Matt. 23.12, al.:—Pass., humble oneself, τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα Men.544, cf. LXX Ge.16.9, Si.18.21, 1 Ep.Pet.5.6. 4 especially of fasting or abstinence, θεοῦ ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ (i.e. on a fast-day) ταπεινοῦται μεθ' ἱκετείας SIG1181.11 (Rhenea, Jewish, ii A.D.); ἐὰν ψυχὴν τεταπεινωμένην ἐμπλήσῃς feed the hungry, LXX Is.58.10, cf. Le.23.27, al.; οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι, opp. περισσεύειν, Ep.Phil.4.12.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1069] niedrig machen, erniedrigen, vermindern, καὶ συστέλλειν, Plat. Lys. 210 e; u. übertr., kleinmüthig machen, auch demüthigen, ταπεινωθεὶς ὑπὸ πενίας, Rep. VIII, 553 c; Theaet. 191 a u. öfter; τεταπείνωται ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων δόξα, Xen. Mem. 3, 5, 4, vgl. An. 6, 1, 18; τοὺς ἐπηρμένους, Aesch. 3, 235; πόῤῥωθεν τὴν ψυχὴν ταπεινώσας, Luc. Nigr. 21; auch ταπεινῶν αὐτοὺς ταῖς ψυχαῖς, Pol. 3, 116, 8.
French (Bailly abrégé)
-ῶ :
1 amoindrir, diminuer, acc.;
2 abaisser, humilier.
Étymologie: ταπεινός.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
τᾰπεινόω:
1) понижать, убавлять: τῶν ποταμῶν ταπεινουμένων Diod. когда в реках понижается уровень воды;
2) уменьшать, ослаблять, умерять (φθόνον Plut.);
3) умалять, сглаживать, затушевывать (τὸ συμβεβηκός Polyb.);
4) принижать, унижать, смирять (τινα Aeschin.): ταπεινωθείς Plat. приниженный, присмиревший.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
τᾰπεινόω: χαμηλώνω, ποιῶ χαμηλότερον. ― Παθ., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται Εὐαγγ. κ. Λουκ. γ΄, 5· πρόσωπον ἐκ μετεώρου ταπεινούμενον Ἱππ. Κωακ. Προγ. 152 ἐπὶ ποταμῶν, Διόδ. 1. 36. ΙΙ. μεταφορ., ἐλαττώνω, τὸν φθόνον Πλουτ. Περικλ. 32· ἐξευτελίζω, Πολύβ. 6. 15, 7, πρβλ. 3. 85, 7. ― Παθ., ταπεινοῦμαι, ἐλαττοῦμαι, σμικρύνομαι, Πλάτ. Τίμ. 72D. 2) ταπεινώνω, ὑποβιβάζω, Ξεν. Ἀνάβ. 6. 3, 18· τ. καὶ συστέλλων Πλάτ. Λῦσ. 210Ε· ταπεινώσαντες... τοὺς νῦν ἐπηρμένους Αἰσχίν. 87. 24. ― Παθ., ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται Πλάτ. Φαῖδρ. 254Ε ὑπὸ πενίας ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πολ. 553C· τεταπείνωνται ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων δόξα Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 3. 5, 4· ἐταπεινοῦτο ταῖς ἐλπίσι Διόδ. 13. 11... 3) ἐπὶ ἠθικῆς ἐννοίας, κάμνω ταπεινόν, ἑαυτὸν Εὐαγγ. κ. Ματθ. κγ΄, 12. κ. ἀλλ. ― Παθ., ταπεινώνομαι, ταπεινῶ ἐμαυτόν, τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσσαντο τῷ τεταπεινῶσθαι σφόδρα Μένανδρ. ἐν «Δεισιδαίμονι» 4· οὕτως ἐν τῇ Καινῇ Δ.
English (Strong)
from ταπεινός; to depress; figuratively, to humiliate (in condition or heart): abase, bring low, humble (self).
English (Thayer)
ταπεινῷ; future ταπεινώσω; 1st aorist ἐταπείνωσα; passive, present ταπεινοῦμαι; 1st aorist ἐταπεινώθην; 1future ταπεινωθήσομαι; (ταπεινός); to make low, bring low (Vulg. humilio);
a. properly: ὄρος, βουνόν, i. e. to level, reduce to a plain, passive, to bring into it humble condition, reduce to meaner circumstances; i. e. α. to assign a lower rank or place to; to abase; τινα, passive, to be ranked below others who are honored or rewarded (R. V. to humble): β. ταπεινῷ ἐμαυτόν, to humble or abase myself, by frugal living, ἑαυτόν, of one who stoops to the condition of s servant, to lower, depress (English humble): τινα, one's soul, bring down one's pride; ἐμαυτόν, to have a modest opinion of oneself, to behave in an unassuming manner devoid of all haughtiness, ταπεινοῦμαι ἐνώπιον κυρίου (see ἐνώπιον, 2b. at the end) in a middle sense (Buttmann, 52 (46)), to confess and deplore one's spiritual littleness and unworthiness, ταπεινοῦν τήν ψυχήν αὐτοῦ, Sept. for נַפְשׁו עִנָּה, he afflicted his soul, of persons fasting, τήν ψυχήν τίνος, to disturb, distress, the soul of one, Protevangelium Jacobi,
c. 2.13.15 (rather, to humiliate; see the passages)); ὑπό τήν χεῖρα τοῦ Θεοῦ, to submit oneself in a lowly spirit to the power and will of God, to put to the blush, Hippocrates), Xenophon, Plato, Diodorus, Plutarch; the Sept. for עָנָה, שָׁפֵל and הִשְׁפִּיל, דִּכָּא, הִכְנִיעַ, etc.) (See references under the word ταπεινοφροσύνη.)
Greek Monotonic
τᾰπεινόω: μέλ. ταπεινώσω (ταπεινός),
I. χαμηλώνω — Παθ., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται, σε Καινή Διαθήκη
II. μεταφ.,
1. ελαττώνω, τὸν φθόνον, σε Πλούτ.· υποτιμώ, υποβιβάζω, σε Πολύβ.
2. ταπεινώνω, εξευτελίζω, σε Ξεν., Αισχίν. — Παθ., σε Πλάτ., Ξεν.
3. με ηθική σημασία, καθιστώ ταπεινό, ταπεινώνω, σε Καινή Διαθήκη — Παθ., ταπεινώνομαι, ταπεινώνω τον εαυτό μου, στο ίδ.
Middle Liddell
τᾰπεινόω, fut. -ώσω ταπεινός
I. to lower:—Pass., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται NTest.
II. metaph. to lessen, τὸν φθόνον Plut.: to disparage, Polyb.
2. to humble, abase, Xen., Aeschin.:—Pass., Plat., Xen.
3. in moral sense, to make lowly, to humble, NTest.:—Pass. to humble oneself, NTest.
Chinese
原文音譯:tapeinÒw 他胚挪哦
詞類次數:動詞(14)
原文字根:(使成)卑微 相當於: (שָׁפֵל)
字義溯源:降為卑,降卑,謙卑,降低,慚愧,自卑,卑,削平;源自(ταπεινός)*=喪氣)
出現次數:總共(14);太(3);路(5);林後(2);腓(2);雅(1);彼前(1)
譯字彙編:
1) 卑的(2) 太23:12; 路18:14;
2) 必降為卑(2) 路14:11; 路18:14;
3) 你們當自卑(1) 雅4:10;
4) 處卑微(1) 腓4:12;
5) 你們要謙卑(1) 彼前5:6;
6) 他就⋯卑微(1) 腓2:8;
7) 慚愧(1) 林後12:21;
8) 卑(1) 路14:11;
9) 必被降卑(1) 太23:12;
10) 都要削平(1) 路3:5;
11) 謙卑(1) 太18:4;
12) 居卑微(1) 林後11:7