magister: Difference between revisions
ἢ λέγε τι σιγῆς κρεῖττον ἢ σιγὴν ἔχε → either say something better than silence or keep silence (Menander)
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|lnetxt=magister magistri N M :: teacher, tutor, master, expert, chief; pilot of a ship; rabbi | |||
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|lshtext=<b>măgister</b>: tri (old orthog., ‡ [[magester]], [[like]] ‡ [[leber]], ‡ [[Menerva]], for [[liber]], [[Minerva]], acc. to Quint. 1, 4, 17), m. a [[double]] [[comparative]] in form, from [[magis]], and [[comparative]] [[ending]] -ter; cf.: [[minister]], [[sinister]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[master]], [[chief]], [[head]], [[superior]], [[director]], [[president]], [[leader]], [[commander]], [[conductor]], etc.: quibus praecipua [[cura]] rerum incumbit, et qui [[magis]] [[quam]] ceteri diligentiam et sollicitudinem rebus, quibus praesunt, debent, hi magistri appellantur, Dig. 50, 16, 57.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., the [[dictator]] in the earliest times [[was]] called [[magister]] populi, the [[chief]] of the [[people]]: in Magistro populi faciendo, qui [[vulgo]] [[dictator]] appellatur ... qui [[primus]] Magister a [[populo]] creatus est, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. optima lex, p. 198 Müll.: ([[sapiens]]) rectius appellabitur rex [[quam]] [[Tarquinius]], qui nec se nec suos regere potuit: rectius [[magister]] populi (is [[enim]] [[dictator]] est) [[quam]] [[Sulla]], qui trium pestiferorum vitiorum, luxuriae, avaritiae, crudelitatis [[magister]] fuit, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75; cf. also [[below]] the [[passage]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9: [[dictator]] [[quidem]] ab eo appellatur, [[quia]] dicitur: sed in nostris libris (sc. auguralibus) vides eum magistrum populi appellari, id. Rep. 1, 40, 63 Creuz.; cf., [[with]] [[reference]] to this [[passage]], Sen. Ep. 108, 31: Larcum moderatorem et magistrum consulibus [[appositum]], Liv. 2, 18, 5.—Magister equitum, the [[chief]] of the [[cavalry]], appointed by the [[dictator]]: [[magister]] equitum, [[quod]] [[summa]] [[potestas]] hujus in equites et accensos, ut est [[summa]] populi [[dictator]], a quo is [[quoque]] [[magister]] populi appellatus, Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.: [[dictator]] magistrum equitum dicit L. Tarquitium, Liv. 3, 27; 7, 21 fin.; 23, 11: fumosi equitum magistri, in a [[family]] [[tree]], Juv. 8, 8.—So, [[magister]] [[peditum]] ([[analogous]] to [[magister]] equitum), [[chief]] of the [[infantry]], Amm. 21, 12, 16. —The [[censor]] is called [[magister]] [[morum]], [[master]] of [[morals]], Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2: [[magister]] sacrorum, the [[chief]] [[priest]], Liv. 39, 18 fin.; v. Drak. ad loc.; so, PVBLICVS SACRORVM (or SACERDOTVM), Inscr. Orell. 2351: FRATRVM ARVALIVM, ib. 2426: SALIORVM, ib. 2247; 2419: LARVM AVGVSTI, ib. 1661 et saep.: curiae, the [[overseer]] of a [[curia]], Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 29: vici, the [[overseer]] of a [[quarter]] or [[ward]], Suet. Aug. 30: chori canentium, a [[head]]-chorister, [[leader]] of a [[choir]], Col. 12, 2: officiorum and operarum, a [[superintendent]], [[bailiff]], id. 1, 18: scripturae and in scripturā, a [[director]] of a [[company]] of farmers-[[general]], Cic. Att. 5, 15, 3; id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; cf.: P. [[Terentius]] operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro [[magistro]] dedit, i. e. has performed the functions of a [[magister]], [[was]] [[vice]]-[[director]], id. Att. 11, 10, 1: quaesivi, qui per eos annos magistri illius societatis fuissent, id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: P. [[Rupilius]], qui est [[magister]] in ea societate, id. Fam. 13, 9, 2: maximarum societatum [[auctor]], plurimarum [[magister]], id. Planc. 13, 32: pecoris, a [[chief]] [[herdsman]], Varr. R. R. 2, 10; cf. Verg. G. 3, 445: elephanti, [[conductor]], Sil. 4, 616: auctionis, the [[director]], [[superintendent]], [[conductor]] of an [[auction]], Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.: is quem putabant magistrum [[fore]], si bona venirent, id. Att. 1, 1, 3; 6, 1, 15; an [[officer]] charged [[with]] distributing [[money]] [[among]] the [[people]], Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 3.—Law t. t., an [[agent]] or [[assignee]] to [[dispose]] of a [[debtor]]'s [[goods]]: [[praetor]] jubet convenire creditores, et ex eo [[numero]] magistrum creari, id est eum per quem bona veneant, Gai. Inst. 3, 79: convivii, the [[master]] or [[president]] of a [[feast]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 122 Müll.; App. Mag. p. 336, 11: [[navis]], the [[master]] or [[captain]] of a [[ship]], Dig. 14, 1, 1; Gai. Inst. 4, 71; so [[without]] [[navis]], Juv. 12, 79: gubernatores et magistri navium, Liv. 29, 25, 7; 45, 42, 3; the [[steersman]], [[pilot]]: [[ipse]] gubernaclo [[rector]] subit, [[ipse]] [[magister]], Verg. A. 5, 176; 1, 115; 6, 353; Val. Fl. 1, 18; 1, 382; Luc. 2, 696; Sil. 4, 719: samnitium, i. e. of the gladiators, a fencing-[[master]], Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 86: magistri tabernae, innkeepers, Paul. Sent. 2, 8, 3.—In inscrr. are [[found]] also: fani, horreorum, collegii, memoriae, munerum, [[Augustalis]], admissionum, epistolarum, libellorum, etc.; [[likewise]]: a bibliothecā, ab marmoribus, etc.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[teacher]], [[instructor]], Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8: pueri [[apud]] magistros exercentur, id. de Or. 1, 57, 244: artium lberalium magistri, id. Inv. 1, 25, 35; cf.: virtutis magistri, id. Mur. 31, 65; id. N. D. 1, 26, 72: rarum ac memorabile magni Gutturis [[exemplum]] conducendusque [[magister]], Juv. 2, 114.—Transf., of inanim. things: [[magister]] mihi [[exercitor]] [[animus]] [[nunc]] est, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 4; id. Curc. 2, 2, 8: [[stilus]] [[optimus]] dicendi [[effector]] ac [[magister]], Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Pers. prol. 10: [[timor]], non [[diuturnus]] [[magister]] officii, Cic. Phil. 2, 36, 90.—<br /> <b>2</b> An [[educator]] of children, a [[tutor]], [[pedagogue]]: senes me filiis relinquunt [[quasi]] magistrum, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 21: docendis [[publice]] juvenibus [[magister]], Gell. 19, 9, 2. —<br /> <b>3</b> A [[master]], [[owner]], [[keeper]]: trepidumque magistrum In [[cavea]] magno fremitu leo tollet [[alumnus]], Juv. 14, 246.—<br /> <b>4</b> A [[master]] of his [[art]], [[professor]]: a tonsore [[magistro]] Pecteris, Juv. 6, 26.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., an [[adviser]], [[instigator]], [[author]] of [[any]] [[thing]] ([[very]] [[rare]]): si [[quis]] magistrum cepit ad eam rem improbum, Ter. And. 1, 2, 21: [[magister]] ad despoliandum Dianae [[templum]], Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—As adj.: rituque [[magistro]] Plurima Niliacis tradant mendacia biblis, Sedul. 1, 15. | |lshtext=<b>măgister</b>: tri (old orthog., ‡ [[magester]], [[like]] ‡ [[leber]], ‡ [[Menerva]], for [[liber]], [[Minerva]], acc. to Quint. 1, 4, 17), m. a [[double]] [[comparative]] in form, from [[magis]], and [[comparative]] [[ending]] -ter; cf.: [[minister]], [[sinister]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[master]], [[chief]], [[head]], [[superior]], [[director]], [[president]], [[leader]], [[commander]], [[conductor]], etc.: quibus praecipua [[cura]] rerum incumbit, et qui [[magis]] [[quam]] ceteri diligentiam et sollicitudinem rebus, quibus praesunt, debent, hi magistri appellantur, Dig. 50, 16, 57.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., the [[dictator]] in the earliest times [[was]] called [[magister]] populi, the [[chief]] of the [[people]]: in Magistro populi faciendo, qui [[vulgo]] [[dictator]] appellatur ... qui [[primus]] Magister a [[populo]] creatus est, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. optima lex, p. 198 Müll.: ([[sapiens]]) rectius appellabitur rex [[quam]] [[Tarquinius]], qui nec se nec suos regere potuit: rectius [[magister]] populi (is [[enim]] [[dictator]] est) [[quam]] [[Sulla]], qui trium pestiferorum vitiorum, luxuriae, avaritiae, crudelitatis [[magister]] fuit, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75; cf. also [[below]] the [[passage]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9: [[dictator]] [[quidem]] ab eo appellatur, [[quia]] dicitur: sed in nostris libris (sc. auguralibus) vides eum magistrum populi appellari, id. Rep. 1, 40, 63 Creuz.; cf., [[with]] [[reference]] to this [[passage]], Sen. Ep. 108, 31: Larcum moderatorem et magistrum consulibus [[appositum]], Liv. 2, 18, 5.—Magister equitum, the [[chief]] of the [[cavalry]], appointed by the [[dictator]]: [[magister]] equitum, [[quod]] [[summa]] [[potestas]] hujus in equites et accensos, ut est [[summa]] populi [[dictator]], a quo is [[quoque]] [[magister]] populi appellatus, Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.: [[dictator]] magistrum equitum dicit L. Tarquitium, Liv. 3, 27; 7, 21 fin.; 23, 11: fumosi equitum magistri, in a [[family]] [[tree]], Juv. 8, 8.—So, [[magister]] [[peditum]] ([[analogous]] to [[magister]] equitum), [[chief]] of the [[infantry]], Amm. 21, 12, 16. —The [[censor]] is called [[magister]] [[morum]], [[master]] of [[morals]], Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2: [[magister]] sacrorum, the [[chief]] [[priest]], Liv. 39, 18 fin.; v. Drak. ad loc.; so, PVBLICVS SACRORVM (or SACERDOTVM), Inscr. Orell. 2351: FRATRVM ARVALIVM, ib. 2426: SALIORVM, ib. 2247; 2419: LARVM AVGVSTI, ib. 1661 et saep.: curiae, the [[overseer]] of a [[curia]], Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 29: vici, the [[overseer]] of a [[quarter]] or [[ward]], Suet. Aug. 30: chori canentium, a [[head]]-chorister, [[leader]] of a [[choir]], Col. 12, 2: officiorum and operarum, a [[superintendent]], [[bailiff]], id. 1, 18: scripturae and in scripturā, a [[director]] of a [[company]] of farmers-[[general]], Cic. Att. 5, 15, 3; id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; cf.: P. [[Terentius]] operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro [[magistro]] dedit, i. e. has performed the functions of a [[magister]], [[was]] [[vice]]-[[director]], id. Att. 11, 10, 1: quaesivi, qui per eos annos magistri illius societatis fuissent, id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: P. [[Rupilius]], qui est [[magister]] in ea societate, id. Fam. 13, 9, 2: maximarum societatum [[auctor]], plurimarum [[magister]], id. Planc. 13, 32: pecoris, a [[chief]] [[herdsman]], Varr. R. R. 2, 10; cf. Verg. G. 3, 445: elephanti, [[conductor]], Sil. 4, 616: auctionis, the [[director]], [[superintendent]], [[conductor]] of an [[auction]], Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.: is quem putabant magistrum [[fore]], si bona venirent, id. Att. 1, 1, 3; 6, 1, 15; an [[officer]] charged [[with]] distributing [[money]] [[among]] the [[people]], Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 3.—Law t. t., an [[agent]] or [[assignee]] to [[dispose]] of a [[debtor]]'s [[goods]]: [[praetor]] jubet convenire creditores, et ex eo [[numero]] magistrum creari, id est eum per quem bona veneant, Gai. Inst. 3, 79: convivii, the [[master]] or [[president]] of a [[feast]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 122 Müll.; App. Mag. p. 336, 11: [[navis]], the [[master]] or [[captain]] of a [[ship]], Dig. 14, 1, 1; Gai. Inst. 4, 71; so [[without]] [[navis]], Juv. 12, 79: gubernatores et magistri navium, Liv. 29, 25, 7; 45, 42, 3; the [[steersman]], [[pilot]]: [[ipse]] gubernaclo [[rector]] subit, [[ipse]] [[magister]], Verg. A. 5, 176; 1, 115; 6, 353; Val. Fl. 1, 18; 1, 382; Luc. 2, 696; Sil. 4, 719: samnitium, i. e. of the gladiators, a fencing-[[master]], Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 86: magistri tabernae, innkeepers, Paul. Sent. 2, 8, 3.—In inscrr. are [[found]] also: fani, horreorum, collegii, memoriae, munerum, [[Augustalis]], admissionum, epistolarum, libellorum, etc.; [[likewise]]: a bibliothecā, ab marmoribus, etc.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[teacher]], [[instructor]], Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8: pueri [[apud]] magistros exercentur, id. de Or. 1, 57, 244: artium lberalium magistri, id. Inv. 1, 25, 35; cf.: virtutis magistri, id. Mur. 31, 65; id. N. D. 1, 26, 72: rarum ac memorabile magni Gutturis [[exemplum]] conducendusque [[magister]], Juv. 2, 114.—Transf., of inanim. things: [[magister]] mihi [[exercitor]] [[animus]] [[nunc]] est, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 4; id. Curc. 2, 2, 8: [[stilus]] [[optimus]] dicendi [[effector]] ac [[magister]], Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Pers. prol. 10: [[timor]], non [[diuturnus]] [[magister]] officii, Cic. Phil. 2, 36, 90.—<br /> <b>2</b> An [[educator]] of children, a [[tutor]], [[pedagogue]]: senes me filiis relinquunt [[quasi]] magistrum, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 21: docendis [[publice]] juvenibus [[magister]], Gell. 19, 9, 2. —<br /> <b>3</b> A [[master]], [[owner]], [[keeper]]: trepidumque magistrum In [[cavea]] magno fremitu leo tollet [[alumnus]], Juv. 14, 246.—<br /> <b>4</b> A [[master]] of his [[art]], [[professor]]: a tonsore [[magistro]] Pecteris, Juv. 6, 26.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., an [[adviser]], [[instigator]], [[author]] of [[any]] [[thing]] ([[very]] [[rare]]): si [[quis]] magistrum cepit ad eam rem improbum, Ter. And. 1, 2, 21: [[magister]] ad despoliandum Dianae [[templum]], Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—As adj.: rituque [[magistro]] Plurima Niliacis tradant mendacia biblis, Sedul. 1, 15. | ||
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{{Georges | {{Georges | ||
|georg=magister, trī, m. ([[Stamm]] mag-, wov. [[auch]] [[magnus]]), [[Meister]] = Vorgesetzter, [[Vorsteher]], [[Leiter]], [[Direktor]], [[Anführer]], [[Aufseher]], I) eig.: 1) im allg.: populi, [[Diktator]], Cic.: equitum, Amtsgehülfe [[des]] Diktators u. [[zugleich]] [[Befehlshaber]] der [[Reiterei]], Liv.: sacrorum (griech. [[ἀρχιερεύς]]), Liv.: Saliorum, Inscr.: [[rei]] [[militaris]], Liv.: militiae, Heermeister, [[Feldherr]], Liv.: armorum, Feldzeugmeister ([[Oberbefehlshaber]]), Amm.: [[morum]], Sittenvorsteher (v. [[Zensor]]), Cic.: curiae, Plaut.: [[vici]], [[Viertelsmeister]], Bezirksvorsteher, Suet.: pagi (griech. [[κώμαρχος]]), Dorfschultheiß, Gromat. vet.: chori canentium, Musikdirektor, Kapellmeister, Colum.: operum (operarum), [[Aufseher]], [[Vogt]], Colum.: so [[auch]] officiorum singulorum, Colum.: [[aber]] mag. officiorum, Kanzler, [[Minister]] [[des]] Innern, Amm.: [[magister]] admissionum, s. [[admissio]]: fulloniae [[artis]], Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 8345: societatis od. in societate, [[Direktor]] der [[Gesellschaft]] der Generalpächter (publicani), Cic.: scripturae od. in [[scriptura]] u. [[portus]], [[bei]] den Einkünften aus den Viehtriften u. Zöllen, Cic. (dah. in [[scriptura]] [[pro]] [[magistro]] dat operas, macht den [[Vizedirektor]], Cic.): pecoris, [[Oberhirt]] [[bei]] den größeren Herden, Cic.: u. so regii pecoris, Liv.: pecorum [[magister]], Orest. tr.: ovium, [[Schafhirt]], Verg.: asini, [[Eigentümer]], [[Treiber]], Apul.: elephanti, [[Führer]] Kornak, Liv. u. Sil.: convivii (griech. συμποσιαρχος), der [[Anordner]] eines Schmauses, Gelages, der Zechmeister (der [[auch]] die [[Zahl]] der [[jedesmal]] zu trinkenden [[Becher]] bestimmte), [[Varro]]: so [[auch]] mag. cenandi, Cic., od. cenae, Mart.: [[navis]], Schiffskapitän, [[auf]] einem Kriegsschiffe ([[ναύαρχος]]), Liv. u.a. (s. Burmann Petron. 101), od. [[Schiffspatron]] eines Kauffahrteischiffes ([[ναύκληρος]]), Hor.; b. Dichtern [[auch]] = [[Steuermann]], s. [[Drak]]. Sil. 4, 719; Burmann Val. Flacc. 1, 382: navigandi [[magister]], [[Steuermann]], Amm.: mag. epistularum, [[Geheimschreiber]], Spart.: mag. memoriae, Kanzleidirektor, Amm.: [[magister]] scrinii, [[Vorsteher]] der Hofkanzlei, Eutr. – ludi [[magister]], [[Schulmeister]], [[Schullehrer]], Cic.: dass. mag. disciplinae, Colum.: ludi litterarii mag., Elementarlehrer, Aur. Vict. u. Amm.: dass. mag. [[litterarius]], Vopisc. – 2) insbes.: a) der Geschützmeister, Amm. 23, 4, 6. – b) der [[Kurator]] der [[Masse]] (Konkursmasse), Cic. u.a. (s. Lachmann [[Gaius]] inst. 3, 79. p. 239). – c) der [[Lehrmeister]], [[Lehrer]] (Ggstz. [[discipulus]]), α) übh.: artium, Cic.: artium liberalium, Augustin.: coquinae, Isid.: [[rhetoricus]], Amm.: religionis, Cic.: virtutis, Cic.: m. Dat., docendis [[publice]] iuvenibus [[magister]], öffentlicher [[Lehrer]], Gell. 19, 9, 2: operam pingendo [[sub]] [[magistro]] Diogeneto dare, Capit.: puerorum (Sklaven) impudentiam [[sub]] [[magistro]] habere, [[einüben]] [[lassen]], Sen.: [[uti]] [[magistro]] [[volo]], Cic. – übtr., [[stilus]] [[optimus]] dicendi [[magister]], Cic.: [[magister]] [[artis]] ingeniique [[largitor]] [[venter]], Pers.: est omnium rerum [[magister]] [[usus]], Caes.: [[usus]] est [[magister]] [[optimus]], Cic.: [[quod]] me docuit [[usus]] [[magister]] [[egregius]], Plin. ep.: stultorum [[iste]] ([[eventus]]) [[magister]] est, Liv.: [[timor]], [[non]] [[diuturnus]] [[magister]] officii, Cic. – β) der Fechtmeister der Gladiatoren, Mart. 5, 24, 3. Tert. ad mart. 1. – γ) [[ein]] [[Lehrer]] im Transchieren, Iuven. 5, 122. – d) der [[Aufseher]] [[über]] die [[Jugend]], Pädagoge, Ter. Phorm. 72. – II) übtr., [[Tonangeber]], [[Aufmunterer]], [[Urheber]], [[Lehrmeister]], si [[quis]] magistrum cepit ad [[eam]] rem improbum, Ter.: [[qui]] [[dux]] [[isti]] [[quondam]] et [[magister]] ad despoliandum Dianae [[templum]] fuit, Cic.: [[saepe]] in magistrum scelera redierunt sua, Sen. poët. – übtr., ritu [[magistro]], Sedul. carm. 1, 6 (15). – / Nbf. [[magester]], s. [[bes]]. – Nom. Plur. magistres, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1293 u. 1540. 14, 2875. Vgl. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 402. | |georg=magister, trī, m. ([[Stamm]] mag-, wov. [[auch]] [[magnus]]), [[Meister]] = Vorgesetzter, [[Vorsteher]], [[Leiter]], [[Direktor]], [[Anführer]], [[Aufseher]], I) eig.: 1) im allg.: populi, [[Diktator]], Cic.: equitum, Amtsgehülfe [[des]] Diktators u. [[zugleich]] [[Befehlshaber]] der [[Reiterei]], Liv.: sacrorum (griech. [[ἀρχιερεύς]]), Liv.: Saliorum, Inscr.: [[rei]] [[militaris]], Liv.: militiae, Heermeister, [[Feldherr]], Liv.: armorum, Feldzeugmeister ([[Oberbefehlshaber]]), Amm.: [[morum]], Sittenvorsteher (v. [[Zensor]]), Cic.: curiae, Plaut.: [[vici]], [[Viertelsmeister]], Bezirksvorsteher, Suet.: pagi (griech. [[κώμαρχος]]), Dorfschultheiß, Gromat. vet.: chori canentium, Musikdirektor, Kapellmeister, Colum.: operum (operarum), [[Aufseher]], [[Vogt]], Colum.: so [[auch]] officiorum singulorum, Colum.: [[aber]] mag. officiorum, Kanzler, [[Minister]] [[des]] Innern, Amm.: [[magister]] admissionum, s. [[admissio]]: fulloniae [[artis]], Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 8345: societatis od. in societate, [[Direktor]] der [[Gesellschaft]] der Generalpächter (publicani), Cic.: scripturae od. in [[scriptura]] u. [[portus]], [[bei]] den Einkünften aus den Viehtriften u. Zöllen, Cic. (dah. in [[scriptura]] [[pro]] [[magistro]] dat operas, macht den [[Vizedirektor]], Cic.): pecoris, [[Oberhirt]] [[bei]] den größeren Herden, Cic.: u. so regii pecoris, Liv.: pecorum [[magister]], Orest. tr.: ovium, [[Schafhirt]], Verg.: asini, [[Eigentümer]], [[Treiber]], Apul.: elephanti, [[Führer]] Kornak, Liv. u. Sil.: convivii (griech. συμποσιαρχος), der [[Anordner]] eines Schmauses, Gelages, der Zechmeister (der [[auch]] die [[Zahl]] der [[jedesmal]] zu trinkenden [[Becher]] bestimmte), [[Varro]]: so [[auch]] mag. cenandi, Cic., od. cenae, Mart.: [[navis]], Schiffskapitän, [[auf]] einem Kriegsschiffe ([[ναύαρχος]]), Liv. u.a. (s. Burmann Petron. 101), od. [[Schiffspatron]] eines Kauffahrteischiffes ([[ναύκληρος]]), Hor.; b. Dichtern [[auch]] = [[Steuermann]], s. [[Drak]]. Sil. 4, 719; Burmann Val. Flacc. 1, 382: navigandi [[magister]], [[Steuermann]], Amm.: mag. epistularum, [[Geheimschreiber]], Spart.: mag. memoriae, Kanzleidirektor, Amm.: [[magister]] scrinii, [[Vorsteher]] der Hofkanzlei, Eutr. – ludi [[magister]], [[Schulmeister]], [[Schullehrer]], Cic.: dass. mag. disciplinae, Colum.: ludi litterarii mag., Elementarlehrer, Aur. Vict. u. Amm.: dass. mag. [[litterarius]], Vopisc. – 2) insbes.: a) der Geschützmeister, Amm. 23, 4, 6. – b) der [[Kurator]] der [[Masse]] (Konkursmasse), Cic. u.a. (s. Lachmann [[Gaius]] inst. 3, 79. p. 239). – c) der [[Lehrmeister]], [[Lehrer]] (Ggstz. [[discipulus]]), α) übh.: artium, Cic.: artium liberalium, Augustin.: coquinae, Isid.: [[rhetoricus]], Amm.: religionis, Cic.: virtutis, Cic.: m. Dat., docendis [[publice]] iuvenibus [[magister]], öffentlicher [[Lehrer]], Gell. 19, 9, 2: operam pingendo [[sub]] [[magistro]] Diogeneto dare, Capit.: puerorum (Sklaven) impudentiam [[sub]] [[magistro]] habere, [[einüben]] [[lassen]], Sen.: [[uti]] [[magistro]] [[volo]], Cic. – übtr., [[stilus]] [[optimus]] dicendi [[magister]], Cic.: [[magister]] [[artis]] ingeniique [[largitor]] [[venter]], Pers.: est omnium rerum [[magister]] [[usus]], Caes.: [[usus]] est [[magister]] [[optimus]], Cic.: [[quod]] me docuit [[usus]] [[magister]] [[egregius]], Plin. ep.: stultorum [[iste]] ([[eventus]]) [[magister]] est, Liv.: [[timor]], [[non]] [[diuturnus]] [[magister]] officii, Cic. – β) der Fechtmeister der Gladiatoren, Mart. 5, 24, 3. Tert. ad mart. 1. – γ) [[ein]] [[Lehrer]] im Transchieren, Iuven. 5, 122. – d) der [[Aufseher]] [[über]] die [[Jugend]], Pädagoge, Ter. Phorm. 72. – II) übtr., [[Tonangeber]], [[Aufmunterer]], [[Urheber]], [[Lehrmeister]], si [[quis]] magistrum cepit ad [[eam]] rem improbum, Ter.: [[qui]] [[dux]] [[isti]] [[quondam]] et [[magister]] ad despoliandum Dianae [[templum]] fuit, Cic.: [[saepe]] in magistrum scelera redierunt sua, Sen. poët. – übtr., ritu [[magistro]], Sedul. carm. 1, 6 (15). – / Nbf. [[magester]], s. [[bes]]. – Nom. Plur. magistres, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1293 u. 1540. 14, 2875. Vgl. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 402. | ||
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Revision as of 13:50, 19 October 2022
Latin > English
magister magistri N M :: teacher, tutor, master, expert, chief; pilot of a ship; rabbi
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
măgister: tri (old orthog., ‡ magester, like ‡ leber, ‡ Menerva, for liber, Minerva, acc. to Quint. 1, 4, 17), m. a double comparative in form, from magis, and comparative ending -ter; cf.: minister, sinister,
I a master, chief, head, superior, director, president, leader, commander, conductor, etc.: quibus praecipua cura rerum incumbit, et qui magis quam ceteri diligentiam et sollicitudinem rebus, quibus praesunt, debent, hi magistri appellantur, Dig. 50, 16, 57.
I Lit.
A In gen., the dictator in the earliest times was called magister populi, the chief of the people: in Magistro populi faciendo, qui vulgo dictator appellatur ... qui primus Magister a populo creatus est, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. optima lex, p. 198 Müll.: (sapiens) rectius appellabitur rex quam Tarquinius, qui nec se nec suos regere potuit: rectius magister populi (is enim dictator est) quam Sulla, qui trium pestiferorum vitiorum, luxuriae, avaritiae, crudelitatis magister fuit, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75; cf. also below the passage, Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9: dictator quidem ab eo appellatur, quia dicitur: sed in nostris libris (sc. auguralibus) vides eum magistrum populi appellari, id. Rep. 1, 40, 63 Creuz.; cf., with reference to this passage, Sen. Ep. 108, 31: Larcum moderatorem et magistrum consulibus appositum, Liv. 2, 18, 5.—Magister equitum, the chief of the cavalry, appointed by the dictator: magister equitum, quod summa potestas hujus in equites et accensos, ut est summa populi dictator, a quo is quoque magister populi appellatus, Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.: dictator magistrum equitum dicit L. Tarquitium, Liv. 3, 27; 7, 21 fin.; 23, 11: fumosi equitum magistri, in a family tree, Juv. 8, 8.—So, magister peditum (analogous to magister equitum), chief of the infantry, Amm. 21, 12, 16. —The censor is called magister morum, master of morals, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2: magister sacrorum, the chief priest, Liv. 39, 18 fin.; v. Drak. ad loc.; so, PVBLICVS SACRORVM (or SACERDOTVM), Inscr. Orell. 2351: FRATRVM ARVALIVM, ib. 2426: SALIORVM, ib. 2247; 2419: LARVM AVGVSTI, ib. 1661 et saep.: curiae, the overseer of a curia, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 29: vici, the overseer of a quarter or ward, Suet. Aug. 30: chori canentium, a head-chorister, leader of a choir, Col. 12, 2: officiorum and operarum, a superintendent, bailiff, id. 1, 18: scripturae and in scripturā, a director of a company of farmers-general, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 3; id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; cf.: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, i. e. has performed the functions of a magister, was vice-director, id. Att. 11, 10, 1: quaesivi, qui per eos annos magistri illius societatis fuissent, id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: P. Rupilius, qui est magister in ea societate, id. Fam. 13, 9, 2: maximarum societatum auctor, plurimarum magister, id. Planc. 13, 32: pecoris, a chief herdsman, Varr. R. R. 2, 10; cf. Verg. G. 3, 445: elephanti, conductor, Sil. 4, 616: auctionis, the director, superintendent, conductor of an auction, Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.: is quem putabant magistrum fore, si bona venirent, id. Att. 1, 1, 3; 6, 1, 15; an officer charged with distributing money among the people, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 3.—Law t. t., an agent or assignee to dispose of a debtor's goods: praetor jubet convenire creditores, et ex eo numero magistrum creari, id est eum per quem bona veneant, Gai. Inst. 3, 79: convivii, the master or president of a feast, Varr. L. L. 5, § 122 Müll.; App. Mag. p. 336, 11: navis, the master or captain of a ship, Dig. 14, 1, 1; Gai. Inst. 4, 71; so without navis, Juv. 12, 79: gubernatores et magistri navium, Liv. 29, 25, 7; 45, 42, 3; the steersman, pilot: ipse gubernaclo rector subit, ipse magister, Verg. A. 5, 176; 1, 115; 6, 353; Val. Fl. 1, 18; 1, 382; Luc. 2, 696; Sil. 4, 719: samnitium, i. e. of the gladiators, a fencing-master, Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 86: magistri tabernae, innkeepers, Paul. Sent. 2, 8, 3.—In inscrr. are found also: fani, horreorum, collegii, memoriae, munerum, Augustalis, admissionum, epistolarum, libellorum, etc.; likewise: a bibliothecā, ab marmoribus, etc.—
B In partic.
1 A teacher, instructor, Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8: pueri apud magistros exercentur, id. de Or. 1, 57, 244: artium lberalium magistri, id. Inv. 1, 25, 35; cf.: virtutis magistri, id. Mur. 31, 65; id. N. D. 1, 26, 72: rarum ac memorabile magni Gutturis exemplum conducendusque magister, Juv. 2, 114.—Transf., of inanim. things: magister mihi exercitor animus nunc est, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 4; id. Curc. 2, 2, 8: stilus optimus dicendi effector ac magister, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Pers. prol. 10: timor, non diuturnus magister officii, Cic. Phil. 2, 36, 90.—
2 An educator of children, a tutor, pedagogue: senes me filiis relinquunt quasi magistrum, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 21: docendis publice juvenibus magister, Gell. 19, 9, 2. —
3 A master, owner, keeper: trepidumque magistrum In cavea magno fremitu leo tollet alumnus, Juv. 14, 246.—
4 A master of his art, professor: a tonsore magistro Pecteris, Juv. 6, 26.—
II Trop., an adviser, instigator, author of any thing (very rare): si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem improbum, Ter. And. 1, 2, 21: magister ad despoliandum Dianae templum, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—As adj.: rituque magistro Plurima Niliacis tradant mendacia biblis, Sedul. 1, 15.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
măgistĕr,⁸ trī, m. (mag-nus),
1 celui qui commande, dirige, conduit ; chef, directeur, etc. : populi Cic. Fin. 3, 75, ancienne appellation du dictateur, cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 63 ; equitum Varro L. 5, 82, maître de cavalerie [adjoint au dictateur] ; morum Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2, directeur des mœurs, censeur ; sacrorum Liv. 39, 18, 9, chef des sacrifices ; scripturæ ou in scriptura Cic. Att. 5, 15, 3 ; Verr. 2, 2, 169, directeur d’une société de fermiers [percevant les droits de pâturages] ; societatis Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 182, directeur d’une société || syndic dans une vente : Cic. Quinct. 50 ; Att. 1, 1, 3 ; 6, 1, 15 || magister navis Liv. 29, 25, 7, commandant de navire ; [pilote : Virg. En. 1, 115 ] ; convivii Varro L. 5, 122, le roi du festin, président du banquet [qui fixait le nombre des coupes à boire]
2 maître qui enseigne : pueri apud magistros exercentur Cic. de Or. 1, 244, les enfants s’exercent devant les maîtres, dans les écoles ; artium liberalium, virtutis magistri Cic. Inv. 1, 35 ; Mur. 65, ceux qui enseignent les arts libéraux, la vertu ; dicendi Cic. Br. 30, maître d’éloquence ; timor, non diuturnus magister officii Cic. Phil. 2, 90, la crainte, maître éphémère du devoir || dux isti et magister ad spoliandum Dianæ templum fuit Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, il lui avait servi de guide, de maître pour le pillage du temple de Diane. orth. magester Quint. 1, 4, 17.
Latin > German (Georges)
magister, trī, m. (Stamm mag-, wov. auch magnus), Meister = Vorgesetzter, Vorsteher, Leiter, Direktor, Anführer, Aufseher, I) eig.: 1) im allg.: populi, Diktator, Cic.: equitum, Amtsgehülfe des Diktators u. zugleich Befehlshaber der Reiterei, Liv.: sacrorum (griech. ἀρχιερεύς), Liv.: Saliorum, Inscr.: rei militaris, Liv.: militiae, Heermeister, Feldherr, Liv.: armorum, Feldzeugmeister (Oberbefehlshaber), Amm.: morum, Sittenvorsteher (v. Zensor), Cic.: curiae, Plaut.: vici, Viertelsmeister, Bezirksvorsteher, Suet.: pagi (griech. κώμαρχος), Dorfschultheiß, Gromat. vet.: chori canentium, Musikdirektor, Kapellmeister, Colum.: operum (operarum), Aufseher, Vogt, Colum.: so auch officiorum singulorum, Colum.: aber mag. officiorum, Kanzler, Minister des Innern, Amm.: magister admissionum, s. admissio: fulloniae artis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 8345: societatis od. in societate, Direktor der Gesellschaft der Generalpächter (publicani), Cic.: scripturae od. in scriptura u. portus, bei den Einkünften aus den Viehtriften u. Zöllen, Cic. (dah. in scriptura pro magistro dat operas, macht den Vizedirektor, Cic.): pecoris, Oberhirt bei den größeren Herden, Cic.: u. so regii pecoris, Liv.: pecorum magister, Orest. tr.: ovium, Schafhirt, Verg.: asini, Eigentümer, Treiber, Apul.: elephanti, Führer Kornak, Liv. u. Sil.: convivii (griech. συμποσιαρχος), der Anordner eines Schmauses, Gelages, der Zechmeister (der auch die Zahl der jedesmal zu trinkenden Becher bestimmte), Varro: so auch mag. cenandi, Cic., od. cenae, Mart.: navis, Schiffskapitän, auf einem Kriegsschiffe (ναύαρχος), Liv. u.a. (s. Burmann Petron. 101), od. Schiffspatron eines Kauffahrteischiffes (ναύκληρος), Hor.; b. Dichtern auch = Steuermann, s. Drak. Sil. 4, 719; Burmann Val. Flacc. 1, 382: navigandi magister, Steuermann, Amm.: mag. epistularum, Geheimschreiber, Spart.: mag. memoriae, Kanzleidirektor, Amm.: magister scrinii, Vorsteher der Hofkanzlei, Eutr. – ludi magister, Schulmeister, Schullehrer, Cic.: dass. mag. disciplinae, Colum.: ludi litterarii mag., Elementarlehrer, Aur. Vict. u. Amm.: dass. mag. litterarius, Vopisc. – 2) insbes.: a) der Geschützmeister, Amm. 23, 4, 6. – b) der Kurator der Masse (Konkursmasse), Cic. u.a. (s. Lachmann Gaius inst. 3, 79. p. 239). – c) der Lehrmeister, Lehrer (Ggstz. discipulus), α) übh.: artium, Cic.: artium liberalium, Augustin.: coquinae, Isid.: rhetoricus, Amm.: religionis, Cic.: virtutis, Cic.: m. Dat., docendis publice iuvenibus magister, öffentlicher Lehrer, Gell. 19, 9, 2: operam pingendo sub magistro Diogeneto dare, Capit.: puerorum (Sklaven) impudentiam sub magistro habere, einüben lassen, Sen.: uti magistro volo, Cic. – übtr., stilus optimus dicendi magister, Cic.: magister artis ingeniique largitor venter, Pers.: est omnium rerum magister usus, Caes.: usus est magister optimus, Cic.: quod me docuit usus magister egregius, Plin. ep.: stultorum iste (eventus) magister est, Liv.: timor, non diuturnus magister officii, Cic. – β) der Fechtmeister der Gladiatoren, Mart. 5, 24, 3. Tert. ad mart. 1. – γ) ein Lehrer im Transchieren, Iuven. 5, 122. – d) der Aufseher über die Jugend, Pädagoge, Ter. Phorm. 72. – II) übtr., Tonangeber, Aufmunterer, Urheber, Lehrmeister, si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem improbum, Ter.: qui dux isti quondam et magister ad despoliandum Dianae templum fuit, Cic.: saepe in magistrum scelera redierunt sua, Sen. poët. – übtr., ritu magistro, Sedul. carm. 1, 6 (15). – / Nbf. magester, s. bes. – Nom. Plur. magistres, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1293 u. 1540. 14, 2875. Vgl. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 402.
