ἀσπίς: Difference between revisions
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{{Autenrieth | {{Autenrieth | ||
|auten=ίδος: [[shield]].—(1) the larger, [[oval]] [[shield]], termed [[ἀμφιβρότη]], [[ποδηνεκής]]. It is [[more]] [[than]] 2 ft. [[broad]], 4 1/2 ft. [[high]], and weighed [[about]] 40 lbs. (For [[Agamemnon]]'s [[shield]], see Il. 11.32-40). The [[large]] [[shield]] [[was]] held [[over]] the [[left]] [[shoulder]], sustained by the [[τελαμών]] and by the [[πόρπαξ]], or [[ring]] on the [[inside]].— (2) the smaller, [[circular]] [[shield]], πάντοσ' [[ἐίση]] (see [[cut]]), [[with]] only [[two]] handles, or [[with]] [[one]] [[central]] [[handle]] [[for]] the [[arm]] and [[several]] [[for]] the [[hand]] (see [[cut]] No. 12). It [[was]] of [[about]] [[half]] the [[size]] and [[weight]] of the larger [[ἀσπίς]], cf. the [[description]] of Sarpēdon's [[shield]], Il. 12.294 ff. The [[shield]] consisted [[generally]] of [[from]] 4 to 7 layers of ox-[[hide]] (ῥῖνοί, Il. 13.804); these were [[covered]] by a [[plate]] of [[metal]], and the [[whole]] [[was]] [[firmly]] united by rivets, [[which]] projected on the [[outer]], [[convex]] [[side]]. The [[head]] of the [[central]] [[rivet]], larger [[than]] the [[rest]], [[was]] the [[ὀμφαλός]] or [[boss]], and [[was]] [[usually]] fashioned [[into]] the [[form]] of a [[head]]. Instead of the [[plate]] [[above]] mentioned, concentric [[metal]] rings (δινωτής, [[εὔκυκλος]]) were [[sometimes]] substituted. The [[rim]] [[was]] called [[ἄντυξ]], and the [[convex]] [[surface]] of the [[shield]] [[bore]] [[some]] [[device]] [[analogous]] to an heraldic [[coat]] of [[arms]], Il. 5.182, Il. 11.36, cf. Il. 5.739. The [[shield]] of [[Achilles]] (Il. 18.478-608), in describing [[which]] the [[poet]] [[naturally]] did [[not]] [[choose]] to [[confine]] [[himself]] to realities, does [[not]] [[correspond]] [[exactly]] to [[either]] of the [[two]] ἀσπίδες described [[above]]. | |auten=ίδος: [[shield]].—(1) the larger, [[oval]] [[shield]], termed [[ἀμφιβρότη]], [[ποδηνεκής]]. It is [[more]] [[than]] 2 ft. [[broad]], 4 1/2 ft. [[high]], and weighed [[about]] 40 lbs. (For [[Agamemnon]]'s [[shield]], see Il. 11.32-40). The [[large]] [[shield]] [[was]] held [[over]] the [[left]] [[shoulder]], sustained by the [[τελαμών]] and by the [[πόρπαξ]], or [[ring]] on the [[inside]].— (2) the smaller, [[circular]] [[shield]], πάντοσ' [[ἐίση]] (see [[cut]]), [[with]] only [[two]] handles, or [[with]] [[one]] [[central]] [[handle]] [[for]] the [[arm]] and [[several]] [[for]] the [[hand]] (see [[cut]] No. 12). It [[was]] of [[about]] [[half]] the [[size]] and [[weight]] of the larger [[ἀσπίς]], cf. the [[description]] of Sarpēdon's [[shield]], Il. 12.294 ff. The [[shield]] consisted [[generally]] of [[from]] 4 to 7 layers of ox-[[hide]] (ῥῖνοί, Il. 13.804); these were [[covered]] by a [[plate]] of [[metal]], and the [[whole]] [[was]] [[firmly]] united by rivets, [[which]] projected on the [[outer]], [[convex]] [[side]]. The [[head]] of the [[central]] [[rivet]], larger [[than]] the [[rest]], [[was]] the [[ὀμφαλός]] or [[boss]], and [[was]] [[usually]] fashioned [[into]] the [[form]] of a [[head]]. Instead of the [[plate]] [[above]] mentioned, concentric [[metal]] rings (δινωτής, [[εὔκυκλος]]) were [[sometimes]] substituted. The [[rim]] [[was]] called [[ἄντυξ]], and the [[convex]] [[surface]] of the [[shield]] [[bore]] [[some]] [[device]] [[analogous]] to an heraldic [[coat]] of [[arms]], Il. 5.182, Il. 11.36, cf. Il. 5.739. The [[shield]] of [[Achilles]] (Il. 18.478-608), in describing [[which]] the [[poet]] [[naturally]] did [[not]] [[choose]] to [[confine]] [[himself]] to realities, does [[not]] [[correspond]] [[exactly]] to [[either]] of the [[two]] ἀσπίδες described [[above]]. | ||
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{{Slater | |||
|sltr=<b>ἀσπῐς</b> <br /> <b>1</b> [[shield]] “[[θαέομαι]] σαφὲς δράκοντα ποικίλον αἰθᾶς Ἀλκμᾶν' ἐπ ἀσπίδος νωμῶντα” (P. 8.46) | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
|sltr=<b>ἀσπῐς</b> <br /> <b>1</b> [[shield]] “[[θαέομαι]] σαφὲς δράκοντα ποικίλον αἰθᾶς Ἀλκμᾶν' ἐπ ἀσπίδος νωμῶντα” (P. 8.46) | |sltr=<b>ἀσπῐς</b> <br /> <b>1</b> [[shield]] “[[θαέομαι]] σαφὲς δράκοντα ποικίλον αἰθᾶς Ἀλκμᾶν' ἐπ ἀσπίδος νωμῶντα” (P. 8.46) | ||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 13:58, 17 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ίδος, ἡ,
A shield, εὔκυκλος Il.14.428, al.; κυκλοτερής Hdt.1.194; ἀσπίδος κύκλος A.Th.489; ὀμφαλόεσσα Il.4.448, al.; opp. Thracian πέλτη and Persian γέρρον, X.An.2.1.6, Mem.3.9.2; ἀσπίδα ῥῖψαι, ἀποβαλεῖν, Anacr.28, Ar.V.19, cf. Hdt.5.95: to estimate a victory, ἀσπίδας ἔλαβον ὡς διακοσίας X.HG1.2.3: metaph., οὗτος γὰρ ἡμῖν ἀ. οὐ μικρὰ θράσους A.Ag.1437; τὴν ἀ. ἀποβέβληκεν τοῦ βίον Nicostr. Com.29, cf. Lib.Or.62.47. 2 collective, body of men-at-arms, ὀκτακισχιλίη ἀ. Hdt.5.30, cf. E.Ph.78, X.An.1.7.10. 3 military phrases, ἐπ' ἀσπίδας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι τάξασθαι to be drawn up twenty-five deep or in file, Th.4.93; στρατιὰν τεταγμένην οὐκ ἐπ' ὀλίγων ἀσπίδων Id.7.79; ἵστασθαι ἐπὶ τρεῖς ἀσπίδας Ar.Fr.66; ἐπὶ μιᾶς ἀσπίδος in single line, Isoc.6.99; ἐπ' ἀσπίδα, παρ' ἀσπίδα (opp. ἐπὶ δόρυ), on the left, towards or to the left, because the shield was on the left arm, X.Cyr.7.5.6, An.4.3.26; παρ' ἀσπίδος A.Th.624; ἐξ ἀσπίδος Plb.11.23.5; but παρ' ἀσπίδα, literally, beside the shield, Il. 16.400; παρ' ἀ. στῆναι stand in battle, E.Med.250, Ph.1001; παρ' ἀ. βεβηκέναι ib.1073; ἐκπονεῖν Id.Or.653, cf. Hel.734; ἐς ἀσπίδ' ἥξειν Id.Ph.1326; ἀσπίδας συγκλείειν (cf. συγκλείω) ; ἀσπίδα τίθεσθαι serve in the ranks, Pl.Lg.756a; but θέσθαι τὰς ἀ. pile shields, X.HG2.4.12; ἐπειδὰν ἀ. ψοφῇ when the shields ring, i.e. when two bodies of men meet in a charge, Id.An.4.3.29; ἀσπίδα ἀναδέξαι, ἆραι, as a signal, Hdt.6.115, X.HG2.1.27. 4 of a round, flat bowl, Aristopho 14. 5 boss on a door, IG4.1484.79 (Epid.). II asp, Egyptian cobra, Coluber haié, Hdt.4.191, Men.702, Nic.Th.158, Ph.2.570, Ael.NA10.31; a play on signff. I and II, Ar.V.23. 2 ornament in this form, OGI90.43 (Rosetta).
German (Pape)
[Seite 373] ίδος, ἡ, 1) der Schild; oft bei Hom.; aus Lagen von Rindsleder, ταυρείην Iliad. 13, 160, βοείας 5, 453, βῶν ἀζαλέην 7, 238; bedeckt mit Metall, χαλκείην 12, 294, φαεινὴν 5, 437; rund, εὐκύκλους 5, 453, πάντοσ' ἐίσην 17, 7; mannslang, ἀμφιβρότην 11, 32, ποδηνεκέα 15, 646, τερμιόεσσα 16, 803; mit Buckeln, oder einem Buckel in der Mitte, ὀμφαλόεσσαι 4, 448; überhaupt mannigfach verziert, πολυδαίδαλον 11, 32; an einem Riemen getragen; s. Iliad. 3, 347. 5, 796. 6, 117. 11, 32. 12, 294. 13, 192. 405. 803. 14, 371. 377. 18, 478 sqq. 19, 373. 20, 268. 274. Vgl. Lehrs Aristarch. p. 194. Die ἀσπίς ist ein Hauptstück in der Rüstung Schwerbewaffneter; daher bezeichnet das Wort auch ein Heer von Schwerbewaffneten, πολλὴ ἀσπίς Eur. Phoen. 78; ὀκτακισχιλίη ἀσπίς, 8000 Schildträger, Her. 5, 30; μυρία ἀσπίς Xen. An. 1, 7, 10, wo ihnen die Peltasten entgegengesetzt sind; vgl. Hell. 6, 5, 19; ἐπ' ἀσπίδας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι τάττεσθαι, die Schwerbewaffneten 25 Mann hoch aufstellen, Thuc. 4, 93; vgl. ἐπ' ἀσπίδων τετάχθαι. Da der Schild mit der Linken gehalten wird, heißt, bes. beim Commando, ἐξ ἀσπίδος von der Linken, Pol. 10, 23, 5 u. öfter; ἐπ' ἀσπίδα u. παρ' ἀσπίδα, zur Linken, z. B. παράγειν, links aufmarschiren, Xen. An. 4, 3, 26; Pol. 6, 40, 12. 11, 23, 2; παρ' ἀσπίδος, von der Linken, Aesch. Spt. 606. Uebertr. a) Schutz, Aesch. Ag. 1412. – b) Treffen, Gefecht, Eur. εἰς ἀσπίδ' ἥξειν Phoen. 1336 u. sonst bei Tragg. – 2) die Aspis, eine giftige Schlange, Opp. C. 3, 433; Men. monost. 261. – 3) ein rundes Trinkgefäß, Aristophon. Ath. XI, 472 c.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἀσπίς: -ίδος, ἡ, κυκλοτερὲς ἀμυντήριον ὅπλον, (εὔκυκλος Ἰλ. Ξ. 428, κ. ἀλλ.· κυκλοτερὴς Ἡρόδ. 1. 194· ἀσπίδος κύκλος Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 489· ὀμφαλόεσσα Ἰλ. Δ. 448, κ. ἀλλ.)· παρ’ Ὁμ. ἱκανῶς μεγάλη ὥστε νὰ καλύπτῃ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα ἀνδρός, κατὰ τὸ πλεῖστον ἐκ δέρματος βοὸς ἐπικεκαλυμμένου διὰ μεταλλίνων πλακῶν, μετὰ ἐξοχῆς (ὀμφαλοῦ) ἐν τῷ μέσῳ· περιεκοσμεῖτο δὲ διὰ θυσάνων: διέφερε τοῦ ὅπλου, ἐπιμήκους ἀσπίδος ἣν κυρίως ἔφερον οἱ ὁπλῖται, ἀλλὰ συχνάκις τίθεται ἀντ’ αὐτῆς κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὴν Θρακικὴν πέλτην καὶ τὸ Περσικὸν γέρρον, πρβλ. ἰδίως Ξεν. Ἀν. 2. 1, 6, Ἀπομν. 3. 9, 2· ἡ ἀπώλεια τῆς ἀσπίδος, ἀσπίδα ἀποβαλεῖν, ἦτο ἡ ἐσχάτη ταπείνωσις τοῦ Ἕλληνος στρατιώτου, Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 19· ἴδε ἀσπιδαποβλὴς καὶ πρβλ. Bgk. Ἀνακρ. 26, Ἡρόδ. 5. 95· ― μεταφ., οὗτος γὰρ ἡμῖν ἀσπὶς οὐ μικρὰ θράσους Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1437· τὴν ἀσπ. ἀποβεβλήκει τοῦ βίου Νικόστρ. ἐν Ἀδήλ. 5. 2) παρὰ πεζοῖς ἐν χρήσει πρὸς δήλωσιν ὁλοκλήρου σώματος στρατοῦ (ἀσπισταὶ ἢ ὁπλίται), ὀκτακισχιλίη ἀσπὶς Ἡρόδ. 5. 30, πρβλ. Φοιν. 78, Ξεν. Ἀν. 1. 7, 10· πρβλ. αἰχμὴ ΙΙ. 2, λόγχη ΙΙΙ: ― ὡσαύτως πρὸς προσδιορισμὸν ἢ ἐκτίμησιν νίκης τινός, ἀσπίδας ἔλαβον ὡς διακοσίας Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 1. 2, 3. 3) στρατιωτικαὶ φράσεις: ἐπ’ ἀσπίδας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι τάξασθαι, εἰς βάθος εἴκοσι καὶ πέντε ἀνδρῶν, Θουκ. 4. 93· οὕτως, ἐπ’ ἀσπίδων ὀλίγων τετάχθαι ὁ αὐτ. 7. 79· ἵστασθαι ἐπὶ τρεῖς ἀσπίδας Ἀριστοφ. Ἀποσπ. 47· ἐπὶ μιᾶς ἀσπίδος, εἰς μίαν γραμμήν, Ἰσοκρ. 136C· ἐπ’ ἀσπίδα, παρ’ ἀσπίδα (ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ ἐπὶ δόρυ) πρὸς τὰ ἀριστερά, καθότι ἡ ἀσπὶς ἦτο ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ βραχίονος, Ξεν. Κύρ. 7. 5, 6, Ἀν. 4. 3, 26, πρβλ. κλίνω IV, 3, κλίσις ΙΙΙ· οὕτω παρ’ ἀσπίδος Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 624· ἐξ ἀσπίδος Πολύβ. 11 23, 5· πρβλ. δόρυ ΙΙΙ: ― ἀλλά, παρ’ ἀσπίδα, κυριολεκτ. πλησίον τῆς ἀσπ., Ἰλ. Π. 400· παρ’ ἀσπ. στῆναι, στῆναι ἐν μάχῃ, Εὐρ. Μήδ. 250, Φοίν. 1001· παρ’ ἀσπ. βεβηκέναι αὐτόθι 1073· πονεῖν ὁ αὐτ. Ὀρ. 653, πρβλ. Ἑλ. 734· εἰς ἀσπίδ’ ἥκειν ὁ αὐτ. Φοίν. 1326· ― ἀσπίδας συγκλείειν (πρβλ. συγκλείω)· ἀσπίδα τίθεσθαι, ἢ φέρω ἀσπίδα, ὑπηρετῶ ὡς στρατιώτης, Πλάτ. Νόμ. 756Α, ἢ καταθέτω ἀυτήν, Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 2. 4, 12, ὡς τὸ τίθεσθαι ὅπλα, ἴδε ἐν λ. τίθημι Α. ΙΙ. 10· ― ἐπειδὰν ἀσπὶς ψοφῇ, ὅταν κροτῶσιν αἱ ἀσπίδες, ἐκ τῶν ῥιπτωμένων ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων βελῶν, Ξεν. Ἀν. 4. 3, 29· ἀσπὶς ἐνίοτε ὑψοῦτο ὡς σημεῖον μάχης κτλ., Ἡρόδ. 6. 115, 121, πρβλ. Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 2. 1, 27. 4) ἐπὶ στρογγύλης ἀβαθοῦς λεκάνης, Ἀριστοφῶν ἐν «Φιλωνίδῃ» 1. ΙΙ. ἀσπίς, ὄφις φαρμακερὸς τῆς Αἰγύπτου, Ἡρόδ. 4. 191, Μένανδρ. ἐν Ἀδήλ. 154, ἴδε Νικ. Θ. 157-208, Αἰλ. π. Ζ. 10. 31.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ίδος (ἡ) :
bouclier (rond) ; p. suite :
1 troupe armée de boucliers ; μυρία ἀσπίς XÉN 10 000 boucliers, càd 10 000 hommes armés de boucliers;
2 t. de tact., pour désigner • soit les rangs de soldats : ἐπ’ ἀσπίδας THC ou ἐπ’ ἀσπίδων πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι τάττεσθαι THC être rangé sur vingt-cinq rangs ; ἐπὶ μιᾶς ἀσπίδος ISOCR sur un seul rang ; • soit certains mouvements militaires : παρ’ ἀσπίδα καθίστασθαι XÉN se placer du côté du bouclier, càd à gauche ; ἐπ’ ἀσπίδα XÉN par le flanc gauche;
3 abri, protection;
4 aspic, serpent venimeux.
Étymologie: DELG peu clair -- Babiniotis pê apparenté à σπιδής, « ce qui protège tout le long du corps ».
English (Autenrieth)
ίδος: shield.—(1) the larger, oval shield, termed ἀμφιβρότη, ποδηνεκής. It is more than 2 ft. broad, 4 1/2 ft. high, and weighed about 40 lbs. (For Agamemnon's shield, see Il. 11.32-40). The large shield was held over the left shoulder, sustained by the τελαμών and by the πόρπαξ, or ring on the inside.— (2) the smaller, circular shield, πάντοσ' ἐίση (see cut), with only two handles, or with one central handle for the arm and several for the hand (see cut No. 12). It was of about half the size and weight of the larger ἀσπίς, cf. the description of Sarpēdon's shield, Il. 12.294 ff. The shield consisted generally of from 4 to 7 layers of ox-hide (ῥῖνοί, Il. 13.804); these were covered by a plate of metal, and the whole was firmly united by rivets, which projected on the outer, convex side. The head of the central rivet, larger than the rest, was the ὀμφαλός or boss, and was usually fashioned into the form of a head. Instead of the plate above mentioned, concentric metal rings (δινωτής, εὔκυκλος) were sometimes substituted. The rim was called ἄντυξ, and the convex surface of the shield bore some device analogous to an heraldic coat of arms, Il. 5.182, Il. 11.36, cf. Il. 5.739. The shield of Achilles (Il. 18.478-608), in describing which the poet naturally did not choose to confine himself to realities, does not correspond exactly to either of the two ἀσπίδες described above.
English (Slater)
ἀσπῐς
1 shield “θαέομαι σαφὲς δράκοντα ποικίλον αἰθᾶς Ἀλκμᾶν' ἐπ ἀσπίδος νωμῶντα” (P. 8.46)
English (Slater)
ἀσπῐς
1 shield “θαέομαι σαφὲς δράκοντα ποικίλον αἰθᾶς Ἀλκμᾶν' ἐπ ἀσπίδος νωμῶντα” (P. 8.46)
