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ἀκίνδυνοι δ' ἀρεταὶ οὔτε παρ' ἀνδράσιν οὔτ' ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις τίμιαι → but excellence without danger is honored neither among men nor in hollow ships
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|lshtext=<b>forma</b>: ae, f. Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, [[bear]]; dhar-i-[[man]], [[figure]]; Gr. θρα- in [[θρῆνυς]], [[θρόνος]]; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, [[fortis]], etc.,<br /><b>I</b> form, in the [[most]] [[comprehensive]] [[sense]] of the [[word]], [[contour]], [[figure]], [[shape]], [[appearance]] (syn.: [[species]], [[frons]], [[facies]], [[vultus]]; [[figura]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: Ha. Earum [[nutrix]], [[qua]] [[sit]] facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura [[haud]] magna, corpore [[aquilo]]. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, [[ore]] parvo, [[atque]] oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam [[quidem]] [[hercle]] verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.: [[quia]] [[semper]] eorum suppeditabatur [[facies]] et [[forma]] manebat, Lucr. 5, 1175: corporis nostri partes totaque [[figura]] et [[forma]] et [[statura]], [[quam]] apta ad naturam [[sit]], apparet, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60: si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis [[figura]], etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48: [[forma]] ac [[species]] [[liberalis]], id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.): hoc [[dico]], non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos ... Non [[ergo]] illorum humana [[forma]], sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc., id. N. D. 1, 32, 90: formaï servare figuram, Lucr. 4, 69; cf.: Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae [[regio]], quae [[species]] formaque pugnae, qui [[motus]] hominum non ita [[expictus]] est, ut, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.): eximia [[forma]] pueri, id. ib. 5, 21, 61: virgines formā excellente, Liv. 1, 9, 11: formā praestante puellae, Ov. H. 3, 35: [[forma]] viros neglecta [[decet]], id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.: ut excellentem [[muliebris]] formae pulchritudinem muta in [[sese]] [[imago]] contineret, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1: [[illa]] aetate [[venerabilis]], haec formae pulchrituline, Curt. 3, 11, 24: virginem adultam, formā excellentem, Liv. 3, 44, 4: virginem [[maxime]] formā notam, id. 4, 9, 4: una et [[viginti]] formae litterarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93: solis, Lucr. 5, 571: [[muralium]] falcium, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5: lanceae novae formae, Suet. Dom. 10: nova aedificiorum Urbis, id. Ner. 16: [[porticus]], Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5: [[forma]] et [[situs]] agri, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4: eādem cerā aliae [[atque]] aliae formae duci solent, Quint. 10, 5, 9: geometricae formae, Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187: cum [[sit]] [[geometria]] divisa in numeros [[atque]] formas, Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf. also: [[Archimedes]] [[intentus]] formis, quas in pulvere descripserat, Liv. 25, 31, 9: dimidia circuli, Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150: clarissimorum virorum formae, figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86: [[ille]] [[artifex]], cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc., id. Or. 2, 9: igneae formae, i. e. [[fiery]] bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101: inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae, in the [[shape]], form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47: ([[sacellum]]) crudis laterculis ad formam camini, Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63: ut haec [[mulier]] [[praeter]] formam [[nihil]] ad similitudinem hominis reservarit, Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In [[poet]]. [[circumlocution]] [[with]] gen.: astra tenent caeleste [[solum]] formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73: formae ferarum, id. ib. 2, 78: ursi ac formae magnorum luporum, Verg. A. 7, 18: formae ingentis leo, of [[great]] [[size]], Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> Pregn., a [[fine]] form, [[beauty]]: di [[tibi]] formam, di [[tibi]] divitias dederant, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.: et [[genus]] et formam [[regina]] [[pecunia]] donat, id. ib. 1, 6, 37: movit Ajacem [[forma]] captivae Tecmessae, id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12: [[neque]], ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam, id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.: [[forma]] [[bonum]] [[fragile]] est, Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—<br /> <b>2</b> An [[outline]], [[plan]], [[design]] (of an [[architect]], etc.): cum formam videro, quale [[aedificium]] futurum [[sit]], scire [[possum]], Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: [[domus]] erit egregia; [[magis]] [[enim]] cerni jam poterat, [[quam]] [[quantum]] ex [[forma]] judicabamus, id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2): [[qua]] ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat, Suet. Caes. 31.—<br /> <b>3</b> A [[model]] [[after]] [[which]] [[any]] [[thing]] is made, a [[pattern]], [[stamp]], [[last]] (of a [[shoemaker]]), etc.: utendum [[plane]] sermone, ut numo, cui publica [[forma]] est, Quint. 1, 6, 3: [[denarius]] formae publicae, Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5: formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias [[etiam]] resolvi praecepit [[neque]] in usu cujusquam versari, [[stamped]] [[money]], coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11: si scalpra et formas non [[sutor]] (emat), Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.: [[forma]] calcei, Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—<br /> <b>4</b> A [[mould]] [[which]] gives form to [[something]]: ([[caseus]]) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur, Col. 7, 8 fin.: formae in quibus [[aera]] funduntur, Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; [[hence]], a [[frame]], [[case]], [[enclosure]]: [[opus]] [[tectorium]] [[propter]] excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum, id. 35, 14, 49, § 173: formas rivorum perforare, i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75: [[aquaeductus]], Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Transf., the [[aqueduct]] itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—<br /> <b>5</b> A [[rescript]], formulary ([[post]]-[[class]]., [[whereas]] the dimin. [[formula]] is [[predominant]] in this signif.): ex eorum (amicorum) [[sententia]] formas composuit, [[Capitol]]. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—<br /> <b>6</b> Item [[forma]] appellatur [[puls]] miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., [[shape]], form, [[nature]], [[manner]], [[kind]]: ad me [[quasi]] formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.: formam [[quidem]] ipsam et [[tamquam]] faciem honesti vides, id. Off. 1, 5, 14: innumerabiles [[quasi]] formae figuraeque dicendi, id. Or. 3, 9, 34: cum, quae [[forma]] et [[quasi]] [[naturalis]] [[nota]] cujusque [[sit]], describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari [[species]], seditiosi, gloriosi, id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.: quae [[sit]] in ea [[species]] et [[forma]] et [[notio]] viri boni, id. Off. 3, 20, 81: [[forma]] ingenii, id. Brut. 85, 294: rei publicae, id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.: [[exemplar]] formaque rei publicae, id. Rep. 2, 11: [[forma]] et [[species]] et [[origo]] tyranni, id. ib. 2, 29: [[forma]] rerum publicarum, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.: officii, id. Off. 1, 29, 103: propositi, Vell. 1, 16: sollicitudinum, Tac. A. 4, 60: formam vitae inire, id. ib. 1, 74: [[secundum]] vulgarem formam juris, Dig. 30, 1, 111: scelerum formae, Verg. A. 6, 626: poenae, id. ib. 615.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> In philos. lang., [[like]] [[species]], a [[sort]], [[kind]]: nolim, ne si Latine [[quidem]] dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et [[saepe]] his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim ... Genus et formam definiunt hoc [[modo]]: [[genus]] est [[notio]] ad [[plures]] differentias pertinens; [[forma]] est [[notio]], cujus [[differentia]] ad [[caput]] generis et [[quasi]] fontem referri potest. Formae [[igitur]] sunt hae, in quas [[genus]] [[sine]] ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si [[quis]] jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc., Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.: [[genus]] et [[species]], [[quam]] eandem formam [[Cicero]] vocat, Quint. 5, 10, 62: a [[forma]] generis, [[quam]] [[interdum]], quo planius accipiatur, partem [[licet]] nominare, hoc [[modo]], etc. ... Genus [[enim]] est [[uxor]]; ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae [[tantummodo]] uxores habentur, Cic. Top. 4, 14: [[quod]] haec ([[partitio]]) [[sit]] totius in partes, [[illa]] ([[divisio]]) generis in formas, Quint. 5, 10, 63: duae formae matrimoniorum, id. 5, 10, 62.—<br /> <b>2</b> In gram.<br /> <b>a</b> The grammatical [[quality]], [[condition]] of a [[word]]: in quo animadvertito, [[natura]] quadruplicem esse formam, ad [[quam]] in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc., Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—<br /> <b>b</b> The grammatical form of a [[word]]: [[utrum]] in secunda [[forma]] [[verbum]] temporale habeat in extrema [[syllaba]] AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines [[interest]], Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.: [[aeditimus]] ea [[forma]] [[dictum]], [[qua]] [[finitimus]], Gell. 12, 10, 1. | |lshtext=<b>forma</b>: ae, f. Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, [[bear]]; dhar-i-[[man]], [[figure]]; Gr. θρα- in [[θρῆνυς]], [[θρόνος]]; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, [[fortis]], etc.,<br /><b>I</b> form, in the [[most]] [[comprehensive]] [[sense]] of the [[word]], [[contour]], [[figure]], [[shape]], [[appearance]] (syn.: [[species]], [[frons]], [[facies]], [[vultus]]; [[figura]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: Ha. Earum [[nutrix]], [[qua]] [[sit]] facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura [[haud]] magna, corpore [[aquilo]]. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, [[ore]] parvo, [[atque]] oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam [[quidem]] [[hercle]] verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.: [[quia]] [[semper]] eorum suppeditabatur [[facies]] et [[forma]] manebat, Lucr. 5, 1175: corporis nostri partes totaque [[figura]] et [[forma]] et [[statura]], [[quam]] apta ad naturam [[sit]], apparet, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60: si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis [[figura]], etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48: [[forma]] ac [[species]] [[liberalis]], id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.): hoc [[dico]], non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos ... Non [[ergo]] illorum humana [[forma]], sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc., id. N. D. 1, 32, 90: formaï servare figuram, Lucr. 4, 69; cf.: Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae [[regio]], quae [[species]] formaque pugnae, qui [[motus]] hominum non ita [[expictus]] est, ut, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.): eximia [[forma]] pueri, id. ib. 5, 21, 61: virgines formā excellente, Liv. 1, 9, 11: formā praestante puellae, Ov. H. 3, 35: [[forma]] viros neglecta [[decet]], id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.: ut excellentem [[muliebris]] formae pulchritudinem muta in [[sese]] [[imago]] contineret, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1: [[illa]] aetate [[venerabilis]], haec formae pulchrituline, Curt. 3, 11, 24: virginem adultam, formā excellentem, Liv. 3, 44, 4: virginem [[maxime]] formā notam, id. 4, 9, 4: una et [[viginti]] formae litterarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93: solis, Lucr. 5, 571: [[muralium]] falcium, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5: lanceae novae formae, Suet. Dom. 10: nova aedificiorum Urbis, id. Ner. 16: [[porticus]], Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5: [[forma]] et [[situs]] agri, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4: eādem cerā aliae [[atque]] aliae formae duci solent, Quint. 10, 5, 9: geometricae formae, Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187: cum [[sit]] [[geometria]] divisa in numeros [[atque]] formas, Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf. also: [[Archimedes]] [[intentus]] formis, quas in pulvere descripserat, Liv. 25, 31, 9: dimidia circuli, Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150: clarissimorum virorum formae, figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86: [[ille]] [[artifex]], cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc., id. Or. 2, 9: igneae formae, i. e. [[fiery]] bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101: inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae, in the [[shape]], form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47: ([[sacellum]]) crudis laterculis ad formam camini, Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63: ut haec [[mulier]] [[praeter]] formam [[nihil]] ad similitudinem hominis reservarit, Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In [[poet]]. [[circumlocution]] [[with]] gen.: astra tenent caeleste [[solum]] formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73: formae ferarum, id. ib. 2, 78: ursi ac formae magnorum luporum, Verg. A. 7, 18: formae ingentis leo, of [[great]] [[size]], Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> Pregn., a [[fine]] form, [[beauty]]: di [[tibi]] formam, di [[tibi]] divitias dederant, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.: et [[genus]] et formam [[regina]] [[pecunia]] donat, id. ib. 1, 6, 37: movit Ajacem [[forma]] captivae Tecmessae, id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12: [[neque]], ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam, id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.: [[forma]] [[bonum]] [[fragile]] est, Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—<br /> <b>2</b> An [[outline]], [[plan]], [[design]] (of an [[architect]], etc.): cum formam videro, quale [[aedificium]] futurum [[sit]], scire [[possum]], Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: [[domus]] erit egregia; [[magis]] [[enim]] cerni jam poterat, [[quam]] [[quantum]] ex [[forma]] judicabamus, id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2): [[qua]] ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat, Suet. Caes. 31.—<br /> <b>3</b> A [[model]] [[after]] [[which]] [[any]] [[thing]] is made, a [[pattern]], [[stamp]], [[last]] (of a [[shoemaker]]), etc.: utendum [[plane]] sermone, ut numo, cui publica [[forma]] est, Quint. 1, 6, 3: [[denarius]] formae publicae, Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5: formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias [[etiam]] resolvi praecepit [[neque]] in usu cujusquam versari, [[stamped]] [[money]], coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11: si scalpra et formas non [[sutor]] (emat), Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.: [[forma]] calcei, Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—<br /> <b>4</b> A [[mould]] [[which]] gives form to [[something]]: ([[caseus]]) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur, Col. 7, 8 fin.: formae in quibus [[aera]] funduntur, Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; [[hence]], a [[frame]], [[case]], [[enclosure]]: [[opus]] [[tectorium]] [[propter]] excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum, id. 35, 14, 49, § 173: formas rivorum perforare, i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75: [[aquaeductus]], Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Transf., the [[aqueduct]] itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—<br /> <b>5</b> A [[rescript]], formulary ([[post]]-[[class]]., [[whereas]] the dimin. [[formula]] is [[predominant]] in this signif.): ex eorum (amicorum) [[sententia]] formas composuit, [[Capitol]]. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—<br /> <b>6</b> Item [[forma]] appellatur [[puls]] miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., [[shape]], form, [[nature]], [[manner]], [[kind]]: ad me [[quasi]] formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.: formam [[quidem]] ipsam et [[tamquam]] faciem honesti vides, id. Off. 1, 5, 14: innumerabiles [[quasi]] formae figuraeque dicendi, id. Or. 3, 9, 34: cum, quae [[forma]] et [[quasi]] [[naturalis]] [[nota]] cujusque [[sit]], describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari [[species]], seditiosi, gloriosi, id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.: quae [[sit]] in ea [[species]] et [[forma]] et [[notio]] viri boni, id. Off. 3, 20, 81: [[forma]] ingenii, id. Brut. 85, 294: rei publicae, id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.: [[exemplar]] formaque rei publicae, id. Rep. 2, 11: [[forma]] et [[species]] et [[origo]] tyranni, id. ib. 2, 29: [[forma]] rerum publicarum, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.: officii, id. Off. 1, 29, 103: propositi, Vell. 1, 16: sollicitudinum, Tac. A. 4, 60: formam vitae inire, id. ib. 1, 74: [[secundum]] vulgarem formam juris, Dig. 30, 1, 111: scelerum formae, Verg. A. 6, 626: poenae, id. ib. 615.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> In philos. lang., [[like]] [[species]], a [[sort]], [[kind]]: nolim, ne si Latine [[quidem]] dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et [[saepe]] his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim ... Genus et formam definiunt hoc [[modo]]: [[genus]] est [[notio]] ad [[plures]] differentias pertinens; [[forma]] est [[notio]], cujus [[differentia]] ad [[caput]] generis et [[quasi]] fontem referri potest. Formae [[igitur]] sunt hae, in quas [[genus]] [[sine]] ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si [[quis]] jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc., Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.: [[genus]] et [[species]], [[quam]] eandem formam [[Cicero]] vocat, Quint. 5, 10, 62: a [[forma]] generis, [[quam]] [[interdum]], quo planius accipiatur, partem [[licet]] nominare, hoc [[modo]], etc. ... Genus [[enim]] est [[uxor]]; ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae [[tantummodo]] uxores habentur, Cic. Top. 4, 14: [[quod]] haec ([[partitio]]) [[sit]] totius in partes, [[illa]] ([[divisio]]) generis in formas, Quint. 5, 10, 63: duae formae matrimoniorum, id. 5, 10, 62.—<br /> <b>2</b> In gram.<br /> <b>a</b> The grammatical [[quality]], [[condition]] of a [[word]]: in quo animadvertito, [[natura]] quadruplicem esse formam, ad [[quam]] in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc., Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—<br /> <b>b</b> The grammatical form of a [[word]]: [[utrum]] in secunda [[forma]] [[verbum]] temporale habeat in extrema [[syllaba]] AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines [[interest]], Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.: [[aeditimus]] ea [[forma]] [[dictum]], [[qua]] [[finitimus]], Gell. 12, 10, 1. | ||
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|gf=<b>fōrma</b>,⁷ æ, f.,<br /><b>1</b> [en gén.] forme, ensemble des traits extérieurs qui caractérisent un objet, conformation, type : [[muralium]] falcium Cæs. G. 3, 14, 5, la forme, le type des [[faux]] de siège, cf. Cæs. G. 5, 1, 2 ; C. 2, 10, 1 ; [[una]] et [[viginti]] formæ litterarum Cic. Nat. 2, 93, vingt et une formes [21 types] de lettres ; omnium animantium formam vincit hominis [[figura]] Cic. Nat. 1, 48, la configuration humaine [[est]] supérieure à tous les types d’animaux ; [[muliebris]] [[forma]] Cic. Inv. 2, 1, la forme féminine, cf. Cic. Clu. 199 ; [[hoc]] [[dico]], [[non]] ab hominibus formæ figuram venisse ad deos Cic. Nat. 1, 90, voici ce que je [[dis]], c’[[est]] que les dieux ne tiennent pas des hommes l’ensemble des traits qui constituent leur forme [la structure de leur forme] ; alicujus [[forma]] et [[species]] [[liberalis]] Cic. Cæl. 6, le physique et l’air distingués de qqn<br /><b>2</b> [en part.] <b> a)</b> [[belle]] forme, beauté : di [[tibi]] formam dederunt Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6, les dieux t’ont donné la beauté, cf. Hor. O. 2, 4, 6 ; Quint. 2, 5, 12, etc. ; [[elegans]] [[spectator]] formarum Ter. Eun. 566, [[juge]] [[difficile]] des belles formes ; <b> b)</b> plan, dessin d’une maison : Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1 ; Q. 2, 1 ; 2, 3 ; Suet. Cæs. 31 ; <b> c)</b> empreinte de monnaie, coin, type : Curt. 5, 2, 11 ; Quint. 1, 6, 3 ; Tac. G. 5 ; <b> d)</b> moule à fromage : Col. Rust. 7, 8, 7 || forme de cordonnier : Hor. S. 2, 3, 106 || forme, moule de fondeur : Plin. 36, 168 ; <b> e)</b> cadre, monture d’un tableau : Vitr. Arch. 2, 8, 9 ; <b> f)</b> canalisation, conduit : Frontin. Aqu. 75<br /><b>3</b> forme, figure, image : clarissimorum virorum formæ Cic. Mil. 86, les images des hommes les [[plus]] illustres ; geometricæ formæ Cic. Rep. 1, 29, figures géométriques, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 187 ; Liv. 25, 31, 9 ; Quint. 10, 5, 9 ; [[Jovis]] formam facere Cic. Or. 9, faire la statue de Jupiter ; igneæ formæ Cic. Nat. 2, 101, des corps de feu [astres] ; in formis et figuris Cic. Or. 9, quand il s’agit de formes et de figures [dans les arts plastiques]<br /><b>4</b> [fig.] forme, type : civitatis, [[rei]] publicæ Cic. Rep. 2, 43 ; 1, 53, type de gouvernement ; rerum publicarum Cic. Tusc. 2, 36, forme de gouvernement, constitution politique : [[forma]] et [[species]] et [[origo]] tyranni Cic. Rep. 2, 51, le type, les traits, l’origine du tyran, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 115 ; [[forma]] quædam vivendi Cic. Fin. 3, 23, un type déterminé d’existence, cf. Tac. Ann. 1, 74 ; pugnæ Cic. Tusc. 5, 114, forme (type) de combat ; (orationes) significant formam quamdam ingenii, [[sed]] [[admodum]] impolitam et [[plane]] rudem Cic. Br. 294, (ses discours) dénotent un talent naturel aux lignes bien caractérisées, mais encore grossières et tout à fait brutes<br /><b>5</b> [en part.] <b> a)</b> type idéal : (grec [[χαρακτήρ]]) Cic. Or. 36 ; 134, cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 48 ; Tusc. 3, 4 ; (grec [[ἰδέα]]) Or. 10 ; <b> b)</b> configuration, conformation, constitution : [[una]] philosophiæ [[forma]] Cic. Ac. 1, 17, une seule [[philosophie]] [partagée en deux écoles] ; [[est]] [[forma]] [[ejus]] disciplinæ [[triplex]] Cic. Fin. 5, 9, [[cette]] doctrine [[est]] formée de trois parties [physique, logique, morale], cf. Cic. Ac. 1, 23 ; <b> c)</b> aspect général, traits d’ensemble, tableau : habes formam Epicuri vitæ beatæ verbis Zenonis expressam Cic. Tusc. 3, 38, voilà le tableau du bonheur selon Épicure brossé par Zénon, cf. Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4<br /><b>6</b> [rhét.] <b> a)</b> division d’un [[genus]], espèce (grec [[εἶδος]]) : Cic. Top. 30 ; 31 ; Or. 116 ; <b> b)</b> figures : sententiarum orationisque formæ, quæ Græci vocant σχήματα Cic. Br. 69, les figures de pensées et de mots que les Grecs appellent « attitudes du discours », cf. Cic. Or. 182 ; <b> c)</b> formæ orationis Cic. Or. 220, formes (tours) de phrase ; [[forma]] verborum Cic. Or. 206, groupement harmonieux de mots || groupement symétrique : Cic. de Or. 3, 171<br /><b>7</b> [gramm.] forme grammaticale d’un mot, flexion : [[Varro]] L. 9, 37 ; Quint. 10, 1, 10 ; Gell. 12, 10, 1. | |||
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Revision as of 06:41, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
forma: ae, f. Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, bear; dhar-i-man, figure; Gr. θρα- in θρῆνυς, θρόνος; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, fortis, etc.,
I form, in the most comprehensive sense of the word, contour, figure, shape, appearance (syn.: species, frons, facies, vultus; figura).
I Lit.
A In gen.: Ha. Earum nutrix, qua sit facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura haud magna, corpore aquilo. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, ore parvo, atque oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam quidem hercle verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.: quia semper eorum suppeditabatur facies et forma manebat, Lucr. 5, 1175: corporis nostri partes totaque figura et forma et statura, quam apta ad naturam sit, apparet, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60: si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis figura, etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48: forma ac species liberalis, id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.): hoc dico, non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos ... Non ergo illorum humana forma, sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc., id. N. D. 1, 32, 90: formaï servare figuram, Lucr. 4, 69; cf.: Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae regio, quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.): eximia forma pueri, id. ib. 5, 21, 61: virgines formā excellente, Liv. 1, 9, 11: formā praestante puellae, Ov. H. 3, 35: forma viros neglecta decet, id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.: ut excellentem muliebris formae pulchritudinem muta in sese imago contineret, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1: illa aetate venerabilis, haec formae pulchrituline, Curt. 3, 11, 24: virginem adultam, formā excellentem, Liv. 3, 44, 4: virginem maxime formā notam, id. 4, 9, 4: una et viginti formae litterarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93: solis, Lucr. 5, 571: muralium falcium, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5: lanceae novae formae, Suet. Dom. 10: nova aedificiorum Urbis, id. Ner. 16: porticus, Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5: forma et situs agri, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4: eādem cerā aliae atque aliae formae duci solent, Quint. 10, 5, 9: geometricae formae, Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187: cum sit geometria divisa in numeros atque formas, Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf. also: Archimedes intentus formis, quas in pulvere descripserat, Liv. 25, 31, 9: dimidia circuli, Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150: clarissimorum virorum formae, figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86: ille artifex, cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc., id. Or. 2, 9: igneae formae, i. e. fiery bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101: inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae, in the shape, form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47: (sacellum) crudis laterculis ad formam camini, Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63: ut haec mulier praeter formam nihil ad similitudinem hominis reservarit, Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In poet. circumlocution with gen.: astra tenent caeleste solum formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73: formae ferarum, id. ib. 2, 78: ursi ac formae magnorum luporum, Verg. A. 7, 18: formae ingentis leo, of great size, Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—
B In partic.
1 Pregn., a fine form, beauty: di tibi formam, di tibi divitias dederant, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.: et genus et formam regina pecunia donat, id. ib. 1, 6, 37: movit Ajacem forma captivae Tecmessae, id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12: neque, ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam, id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.: forma bonum fragile est, Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—
2 An outline, plan, design (of an architect, etc.): cum formam videro, quale aedificium futurum sit, scire possum, Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: domus erit egregia; magis enim cerni jam poterat, quam quantum ex forma judicabamus, id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2): qua ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat, Suet. Caes. 31.—
3 A model after which any thing is made, a pattern, stamp, last (of a shoemaker), etc.: utendum plane sermone, ut numo, cui publica forma est, Quint. 1, 6, 3: denarius formae publicae, Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5: formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias etiam resolvi praecepit neque in usu cujusquam versari, stamped money, coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11: si scalpra et formas non sutor (emat), Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.: forma calcei, Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—
4 A mould which gives form to something: (caseus) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur, Col. 7, 8 fin.: formae in quibus aera funduntur, Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; hence, a frame, case, enclosure: opus tectorium propter excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum, id. 35, 14, 49, § 173: formas rivorum perforare, i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75: aquaeductus, Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,
b Transf., the aqueduct itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—
5 A rescript, formulary (post-class., whereas the dimin. formula is predominant in this signif.): ex eorum (amicorum) sententia formas composuit, Capitol. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—
6 Item forma appellatur puls miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.
II Trop.
A In gen., shape, form, nature, manner, kind: ad me quasi formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.: formam quidem ipsam et tamquam faciem honesti vides, id. Off. 1, 5, 14: innumerabiles quasi formae figuraeque dicendi, id. Or. 3, 9, 34: cum, quae forma et quasi naturalis nota cujusque sit, describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari species, seditiosi, gloriosi, id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.: quae sit in ea species et forma et notio viri boni, id. Off. 3, 20, 81: forma ingenii, id. Brut. 85, 294: rei publicae, id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.: exemplar formaque rei publicae, id. Rep. 2, 11: forma et species et origo tyranni, id. ib. 2, 29: forma rerum publicarum, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.: officii, id. Off. 1, 29, 103: propositi, Vell. 1, 16: sollicitudinum, Tac. A. 4, 60: formam vitae inire, id. ib. 1, 74: secundum vulgarem formam juris, Dig. 30, 1, 111: scelerum formae, Verg. A. 6, 626: poenae, id. ib. 615.—
B In partic.
1 In philos. lang., like species, a sort, kind: nolim, ne si Latine quidem dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et saepe his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim ... Genus et formam definiunt hoc modo: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens; forma est notio, cujus differentia ad caput generis et quasi fontem referri potest. Formae igitur sunt hae, in quas genus sine ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si quis jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc., Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.: genus et species, quam eandem formam Cicero vocat, Quint. 5, 10, 62: a forma generis, quam interdum, quo planius accipiatur, partem licet nominare, hoc modo, etc. ... Genus enim est uxor; ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae tantummodo uxores habentur, Cic. Top. 4, 14: quod haec (partitio) sit totius in partes, illa (divisio) generis in formas, Quint. 5, 10, 63: duae formae matrimoniorum, id. 5, 10, 62.—
2 In gram.
a The grammatical quality, condition of a word: in quo animadvertito, natura quadruplicem esse formam, ad quam in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc., Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—
b The grammatical form of a word: utrum in secunda forma verbum temporale habeat in extrema syllaba AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines interest, Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.: aeditimus ea forma dictum, qua finitimus, Gell. 12, 10, 1.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
fōrma,⁷ æ, f.,
1 [en gén.] forme, ensemble des traits extérieurs qui caractérisent un objet, conformation, type : muralium falcium Cæs. G. 3, 14, 5, la forme, le type des faux de siège, cf. Cæs. G. 5, 1, 2 ; C. 2, 10, 1 ; una et viginti formæ litterarum Cic. Nat. 2, 93, vingt et une formes [21 types] de lettres ; omnium animantium formam vincit hominis figura Cic. Nat. 1, 48, la configuration humaine est supérieure à tous les types d’animaux ; muliebris forma Cic. Inv. 2, 1, la forme féminine, cf. Cic. Clu. 199 ; hoc dico, non ab hominibus formæ figuram venisse ad deos Cic. Nat. 1, 90, voici ce que je dis, c’est que les dieux ne tiennent pas des hommes l’ensemble des traits qui constituent leur forme [la structure de leur forme] ; alicujus forma et species liberalis Cic. Cæl. 6, le physique et l’air distingués de qqn
2 [en part.] a) belle forme, beauté : di tibi formam dederunt Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6, les dieux t’ont donné la beauté, cf. Hor. O. 2, 4, 6 ; Quint. 2, 5, 12, etc. ; elegans spectator formarum Ter. Eun. 566, juge difficile des belles formes ; b) plan, dessin d’une maison : Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1 ; Q. 2, 1 ; 2, 3 ; Suet. Cæs. 31 ; c) empreinte de monnaie, coin, type : Curt. 5, 2, 11 ; Quint. 1, 6, 3 ; Tac. G. 5 ; d) moule à fromage : Col. Rust. 7, 8, 7
