τόλμα: Difference between revisions
τὸ γὰρ πράττειν τοῦ λέγειν καὶ χειροτονεῖν ὕστερον ὂν τῇ τάξει, πρότερον τῇ δυνάμει καὶ κρεῖττόν ἐστιν (Demosthenes 3.15) → for action, even though posterior in the order of events to speaking and voting, is prior in importance and superior
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|Definition=ης, ἡ, also [[τόλμη]], which | |Definition=ης, ἡ, also [[τόλμη]], which Phryn.''PS''p.114 B. compares with [[πρύμνη]] for [[πρύμνα]]: but (apart from<br><span class="bld">A</span> πρὸς τόλμην πεσεῖν S.''Ichn.'' 11 (Pap.), which is not guaranteed by the metre) only the form [[τόλμα]] (acc. τόλμᾰν, e.g. E.''IT''862) occurs in Att. and Trag., [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''702, ''Ion'' 1264, ''Fr.''426 (in [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''1416, <b class="b3">ἥ γε τόλμα σου</b> (cj. Jodrell) is the prob.l.), Th.3.82, 6.59, Pl.''La.''193d, ''R.''575a, Gal.15.144, ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''1119.8 (iii A. D.), etc.; so in Ion., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 7.135; but [[τόλμη]] (nom.) in Clitarch. 35J., acc. τόλμην [[LXX]] ''Ju.''16.10(12) cod.Alex.: Dor. [[τόλμα]], Pi. ''O.''9.82, 13.11:—[[courage]], [[hardihood]], Pi. ll. cc., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.121.ζ, Trag. and Att. (v. supr.); <b class="b3">τόλμα καλῶν</b> [[courage]] for [[noble]] [[act]]s, Pi.''N.''7.59; <b class="b3">τῶνδε τόλμαν σχεθεῖν</b> to [[have]] [[courage]] or [[nerve]] for this [[business]], A. ''Pr.''16.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in bad sense, [[over-boldness]], [[recklessness]], Id.''Ch.''1004 (996); πῶς οὖν.. ἐς τόδ' ἂν τόλμης ἔβη; [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''125, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''1264, etc.; τόλμης ἔργα κἀναισχυντίας Ar.''Th.''702; τ. [[ἀλόγιστος]] Th.3.82, cf. 6.59; τ. καὶ ἀναίδεια Antipho 3.3.5, Is.6.46; θρασύτης καὶ τ. Pl.''La.'' 197b; τ. καὶ ἀναισχυντία Id.''Ap.''38d; ἡ ἄφρων τ. Id.''La.''193d.<br><span class="bld">II</span> a [[bold act]] or [[daring act]], φίλτρα τόλμης τῆσδε A.''Ch.''1029; [[τόλμας]] (gen.), ἃν ἔρεξα [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''838 (lyr.): pl., κακὰς δὲ τόλμας μήτ' ἐπισταίμην ἐγώ S.''Tr.''582, cf. ''Aj.''46; ἀνόσιοι πληγῶν τ. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''881a, cf. ''Ep.''336d.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Pythagorean name for [[two]], [[2]], Anatol. ap. ''Theol.Ar.''8. (v. [[τλάω]].) | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=<span class="bld">1</span>ης (ἡ) :<br /><b>I.</b> <i>au sens abstrait</i>;<br /><b>1</b> hardiesse, résolution;<br /><b>2</b> <i>en mauv. part</i> audace;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>au sens concret</i> acte audacieux.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ταλ, porter, supporter, avoir la force <i>ou</i> le courage de ; v. [[τλάω]].<br /><span class="bld">2</span><i>impér. prés. de</i> [[τολμάω]]. | |btext=<span class="bld">1</span>ης (ἡ) :<br /><b>I.</b> <i>au sens abstrait</i>;<br /><b>1</b> [[hardiesse]], [[résolution]];<br /><b>2</b> <i>en mauv. part</i> audace;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>au sens concret</i> acte audacieux.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ταλ, porter, supporter, avoir la force <i>ou</i> le courage de ; v. [[τλάω]].<br /><span class="bld">2</span><i>impér. prés. de</i> [[τολμάω]]. | ||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''τόλμᾰ:'''<br /><b class="num">I</b> дор. [[τόλμα|τόλμᾱ]] ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[смелость]], [[отвага]] Aesch., Pind., Her.;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[дерзость]] Aesch., Soph., Arph., Thuc., Plat.;<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[смелый или дерзновенный поступок]], [[отважное деяние]] Trag., Plat.<br /><b class="num">[[τόλμα|τόλμᾱ]]:</b> <b class="num">II</b> imper. к [[τολμάω]]. | |||
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{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
|sltr=[[τόλμα]] (-α, -ᾳ, -αν.) [[daring]], [[courage]] [[τόλμα]] δὲ καὶ ἀμφιλαφὴς [[δύναμις]] ἕσποιτο (O. 9.82) [[τόλμα]] τέ μοι [[εὐθεῖα]] γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν (O. 13.11) ὃς ἂν τὰ μέγιστ' ἀέθλων [[ἕλῃ]] τόλμᾳ τε καὶ σθένει (P. 10.24) τόλμαν τε [[καλῶν]] ἀρομένῳ [[courage]] [[for]] [[noble]] acts (N. 7.59) οὐδ' ἀμόχθῳ καρδίᾳ προσφέρων τόλμαν παραιτεῖται [[χάριν]] (N. 10.30) τόλμᾳ γὰρ εἰκὼς θυμὸν ἐριβρεμετᾶν θηρῶν λεόντων ἐν πόνῳ (sc. Μέλισσος) (I. 4.45) [[τόλμα]] τέ μιν ζαμενὴς καὶ [[σύνεσις]] [[πρόσκοπος]] ἐσάωσεν fr. 231. | |sltr=[[τόλμα]] (-α, -ᾳ, -αν.) [[daring]], [[courage]] [[τόλμα]] δὲ καὶ ἀμφιλαφὴς [[δύναμις]] ἕσποιτο (O. 9.82) [[τόλμα]] τέ μοι [[εὐθεῖα]] γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν (O. 13.11) ὃς ἂν τὰ μέγιστ' ἀέθλων [[ἕλῃ]] τόλμᾳ τε καὶ σθένει (P. 10.24) τόλμαν τε [[καλῶν]] ἀρομένῳ [[courage]] [[for]] [[noble]] acts (N. 7.59) οὐδ' ἀμόχθῳ καρδίᾳ προσφέρων τόλμαν παραιτεῖται [[χάριν]] (N. 10.30) τόλμᾳ γὰρ εἰκὼς θυμὸν ἐριβρεμετᾶν θηρῶν λεόντων ἐν πόνῳ (''[[sc.]]'' Μέλισσος) (I. 4.45) [[τόλμα]] τέ μιν ζαμενὴς καὶ [[σύνεσις]] [[πρόσκοπος]] ἐσάωσεν fr. 231. | ||
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{{lsm | {{lsm | ||
|lsmtext='''τόλμᾰ:''' -ης, ἡ (*[[τλάω]])·<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[τόλμη]], [[θάρρος]], [[αφοβία]], σε Πίνδ., Ηρόδ., Αττ.· [[τῶνδε]] τόλμαν [[σχεθεῖν]], να έχεις [[τόλμη]] γι' αυτή τη δουλειά, σε Αισχύλ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> με αρνητική [[σημασία]], απερίσκεπτη και αλόγιστη [[τόλμη]], [[θρασύτητα]], [[αυθάδεια]], Λατ. [[audacia]], σε Τραγ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> παράτολμη [[πράξη]], στο ίδ. | |lsmtext='''τόλμᾰ:''' -ης, ἡ (*[[τλάω]])·<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[τόλμη]], [[θάρρος]], [[αφοβία]], σε Πίνδ., Ηρόδ., Αττ.· [[τῶνδε]] τόλμαν [[σχεθεῖν]], να έχεις [[τόλμη]] γι' αυτή τη δουλειά, σε Αισχύλ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> με αρνητική [[σημασία]], απερίσκεπτη και αλόγιστη [[τόλμη]], [[θρασύτητα]], [[αυθάδεια]], Λατ. [[audacia]], σε Τραγ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> παράτολμη [[πράξη]], στο ίδ. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=τόλμᾰ, ης, [*[[τλάω]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[courage]], to [[undertake]] or [[venture]] a [[thing]], [[boldness]], [[daring]], [[hardihood]], [[courage]], Pind., Hdt., | |mdlsjtxt=τόλμᾰ, ης, [*[[τλάω]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[courage]], to [[undertake]] or [[venture]] a [[thing]], [[boldness]], [[daring]], [[hardihood]], [[courage]], Pind., Hdt., Attic; [[τῶνδε]] τόλμαν [[σχεθεῖν]] to [[have]] [[courage]] for [[this]] [[business]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> in bad [[sense]], [[over]]-[[boldness]], [[recklessness]], Lat. [[audacia]], Trag., etc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> a [[bold]] or [[daring]] act, Trag. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | {{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | ||
|woodrun=[[boldness]], [[courage]], [[daring]], [[initiative]], [[bold enterprise]], [[daring act]], [[daring attempt]], [[daring deed]], [[dreadful act]], [[ | |woodrun=[[boldness]], [[courage]], [[daring]], [[initiative]], [[bold enterprise]], [[daring act]], [[daring attempt]], [[daring deed]], [[dreadful act]], [[rash act]], [[self-assertion]] | ||
}} | |||
{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[audacia]]'', [[daring]], [[boldness]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.90.1/ 1.90.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.144.4/ 1.144.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.41.4/ 2.41.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.62.5/ 2.62.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.87.4/ 2.87.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.89.5/ 2.89.5]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.45.4/ 3.45.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.82.4/ 3.82.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.7.2/ 5.7.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.10.6/ 5.10.6], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.31.6/ 6.31.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.33.4/ 6.33.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.36.1/ 6.36.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.59.1/ 6.59.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.68.2/ 6.68.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.69.1/ 6.69.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.28.3/ 7.28.3]. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[courage]]=== | |||
Abkhaz: агәымшәара; Afrikaans: moed, dapperheid; Albanian: guxim, trimëri; Arabic: شَجَاعَة, جَسَارَة; Egyptian Arabic: جسارة; Hijazi Arabic: شجاعة; South Levantine Arabic: شجاعة; Aragonese: corache; Armenian: քաջություն, արիություն, խիզախություն; Assamese: সাহ, সাহস; Asturian: coraxe, bravura, braveza; Azerbaijani: cəsarət; Bashkir: батырлыҡ, ҡыйыулыҡ, тәүәккәллек, баҙнатлыҡ; Basque: kemen; Belarusian: смеласць, храбрасць, адвага, мужнасць; Bengali: সাহস; Breton: nerz-kalon; Bulgarian: смелост, храброст, кураж; Burmese: သူရသတ္တိ; Catalan: coratge, valor; Cherokee: ᎠᎵᎦᎵᏴᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 勇氣／勇气, 膽量／胆量; Czech: odvaha, kuráž, statečnost; Danish: mod, tapperhed; Dutch: [[moed]], [[dapperheid]]; Esperanto: kuraĝo; Estonian: julgus, vaprus; Faroese: dirvi, mót, áræði, treysti; Finnish: rohkeus, urheus, urhoollisuus; French: [[bravoure]], [[courage]], [[cœur]], [[vaillance]]; Friulian: fiât; Galician: afouteza, coraxe, carraxe, brúo, braveza, xirio, ardemento, cordoxo; Georgian: გულადობა, მამაცობა, ვაჟკაცობა; German: [[Courage]], [[Herz]], [[Mut]], [[Tapferkeit]]; Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[κουράγιο]], [[θάρρος]], [[γενναιότητα]], [[ανδρεία]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀγηνορία]], [[αἷμα]], [[ἀλκή]], [[ἀνάτασις]], [[ἀνδραγαθία]], [[ἀνδραγαθίη]], [[ἀνδρεία]], [[ἀρετή]], [[εὐανδρία]], [[εὐτολμία]], [[θάρρος]], [[θάρσος]], [[θέρσος]], [[θράσος]], [[κάρτος]], [[λῆμα]], [[μένος]], [[τἀνδρεῖον]], [[τὸ ἀνδρεῖον]], [[τόλμα]], [[τόλμη]], [[φρόνημα]]; Guaraní: py'aguasu; Gujarati: હિંમત; Hawaiian: koa; Hebrew: אֹמֶץ; Hindi: साहस, हौसला, हिम्मत; Hungarian: bátorság; Icelandic: hugrekki, kjarkur; Ido: kurajo; Indonesian: keberanian; Interlingua: corage; Irish: misneach, sprid; Italian: [[coraggio]]; Japanese: 勇気, 度胸; Javanese: wani, kawenan; Kazakh: батылдық, аужарлық; Khmer: សេចក្ដីក្លាហាន; Korean: 용기(勇氣); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: wêrekî, bistehî, cesaret, curet, mêranî; Kyrgyz: кайрат, кайраттуулук, жүрөктүүлүк; Ladino: koraje, animo, djesaret; Lao: ເສົາຣະຍະ, ຄວາມກ້າຫານ; Latin: [[fortitudo]], [[virtus]], [[animus]], [[audentia]]; Latvian: drosme; Lithuanian: drąsa; Luxembourgish: Mutt, Courage; Macedonian: храброст, смелост; Malay: keberanian; Malayalam: ധൈര്യം; Maltese: kuraġġ; Maori: hautoa, māia, toa; Mirandese: coraige; Mongolian: эр зориг; Nepali: बहादुरी, साहस; Norwegian Bokmål: mot, tapperhet; Occitan: coratge; Old English: nōþ; Ossetian: хъӕбатырдзинад; Persian: شهامت, جرات, جسارت, شجاعت; Polish: odwaga, męstwo, śmiałość; Portuguese: [[coragem]], [[coração]], [[valentia]]; Romanian: curaj; Russian: [[смелость]], [[храбрость]], [[отвага]], [[мужество]]; Scottish Gaelic: tapachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: храбро̄ст, сме̏ло̄ст; Roman: hrábrōst, smȅlōst; Sicilian: curaggiu; Slovak: odvaha; Slovene: pogum, hrabrost; Spanish: [[coraje]], [[valor]], [[valentía]]; Swahili: ujasiri; Swedish: mod, tapperhet; Tagalog: tapang, katapangan, lakas ng loob; Tajik: ҷасурӣ, далерӣ, диловарӣ, ҷуръат, ҷасорат; Tamil: தைரியம்; Telugu: ధైర్యము; Thai: ความกล้า, ความกล้าหาญ; Tibetan: སྙིང་སྟོབས; Turkish: cesaret, yüreklilik; Turkmen: batyrlyk, mertlik, ýüreklilik; Tuvan: эрес дидим чорук; Ukrainian: сміливість, хоробрість, мужність, відвага; Urdu: ساہس, ہمت; Uyghur: جاسارەت; Uzbek: botirlik, jasurlik, mardlik, jasorat; Vietnamese: can đảm; Volapük: kurad; Welsh: hyfdra; West Frisian: moed; White Hmong: peevxwm, peev xwm; Yiddish: מוט; Zazaki: cesaret, egitey; Zulu: isibindi | |||
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Latest revision as of 15:26, 16 November 2024
English (LSJ)
ης, ἡ, also τόλμη, which Phryn.PSp.114 B. compares with πρύμνη for πρύμνα: but (apart from
A πρὸς τόλμην πεσεῖν S.Ichn. 11 (Pap.), which is not guaranteed by the metre) only the form τόλμα (acc. τόλμᾰν, e.g. E.IT862) occurs in Att. and Trag., E.Andr.702, Ion 1264, Fr.426 (in E.Ion1416, ἥ γε τόλμα σου (cj. Jodrell) is the prob.l.), Th.3.82, 6.59, Pl.La.193d, R.575a, Gal.15.144, POxy.1119.8 (iii A. D.), etc.; so in Ion., Hdt. 7.135; but τόλμη (nom.) in Clitarch. 35J., acc. τόλμην LXX Ju.16.10(12) cod.Alex.: Dor. τόλμα, Pi. O.9.82, 13.11:—courage, hardihood, Pi. ll. cc., Hdt.2.121.ζ, Trag. and Att. (v. supr.); τόλμα καλῶν courage for noble acts, Pi.N.7.59; τῶνδε τόλμαν σχεθεῖν to have courage or nerve for this business, A. Pr.16.
2 in bad sense, over-boldness, recklessness, Id.Ch.1004 (996); πῶς οὖν.. ἐς τόδ' ἂν τόλμης ἔβη; S.OT125, cf. E.Ion1264, etc.; τόλμης ἔργα κἀναισχυντίας Ar.Th.702; τ. ἀλόγιστος Th.3.82, cf. 6.59; τ. καὶ ἀναίδεια Antipho 3.3.5, Is.6.46; θρασύτης καὶ τ. Pl.La. 197b; τ. καὶ ἀναισχυντία Id.Ap.38d; ἡ ἄφρων τ. Id.La.193d.
II a bold act or daring act, φίλτρα τόλμης τῆσδε A.Ch.1029; τόλμας (gen.), ἃν ἔρεξα E.Andr.838 (lyr.): pl., κακὰς δὲ τόλμας μήτ' ἐπισταίμην ἐγώ S.Tr.582, cf. Aj.46; ἀνόσιοι πληγῶν τ. Pl.Lg.881a, cf. Ep.336d.
III Pythagorean name for two, 2, Anatol. ap. Theol.Ar.8. (v. τλάω.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 1126] ἡ, auch τόλμη, der Muth, Etwas zu unternehmen, Kühnheit, Dreistigkeit; Pind. τόλμα καὶ δύναμις ἕσποιτο, Ol. 9, 82; εὐθεῖα, 13, 11; τόλμᾳ τε καὶ σθένει, P. 10, 24, u. öfter; τόλμας ἀφαιρεῖν, Eur. Suppl. 465; τόλμης ἕκατι κἀδίκου φρονήματος, Aesch. Ch. 990; πῶς οὖν ὁ λῃστὴς ἐς τόδ ἂν τόλμης ἔβη, Soph. O. R. 125 u. öfter, wie Eur., σὺ τόλμαν τήνδ' ἔτλης ἀμήχανον Hec. 1123, τί τέρμα τόλμης γενήσεται Hipp. 937; τόλμης ἔργα κἀναισχυντίας, Ar. Th. 702; Her. 7, 135; καὶ ἀναίδεια, Dem.; Aesch. 1, 24; Plat. oft, καὶ θρασύτης, Lach. 197 b; καὶ ἀναισχυντία, Apol. 384; Folgde; auch das Unterfangen, das Wagniß, Aesch. Ch. 1025; als eigtl. att. gilt τόλμη, nach Ellendt überall bei den Tragg. herzustellen; doch findet sich τόλμα auch Eur. Andr. 702 Ion 1264. – Verwandt mit ταάω, ταλα'Ω, tolerare.
French (Bailly abrégé)
1ης (ἡ) :
I. au sens abstrait;
1 hardiesse, résolution;
2 en mauv. part audace;
II. au sens concret acte audacieux.
Étymologie: R. Ταλ, porter, supporter, avoir la force ou le courage de ; v. τλάω.
2impér. prés. de τολμάω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
τόλμᾰ:
I дор. τόλμᾱ ἡ
1 смелость, отвага Aesch., Pind., Her.;
2 дерзость Aesch., Soph., Arph., Thuc., Plat.;
3 смелый или дерзновенный поступок, отважное деяние Trag., Plat.
τόλμᾱ: II imper. к τολμάω.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
τόλμᾰ: -ης, -ἡ, καὶ χάριν τοῦ μέτρου τόλμη, ὅπερ Φρύνιχος ὁ Ἀράβιος ἐν τοῖς Α. Β. 66, 23, παραβάλλει πρὸς τὸ πρύμνη ἀντὶ πρύμνα· ἀλλὰ μόνον ὁ ὁμαλὸς τύπος τόλμᾰ ἀπαντᾷ παρὰ τοῖς Τραγικοῖς, Εὐρ. Ἀνδρ. 702, Ἴων 1264, Ἀποσπ. 430a, (παρ’ Εὐρ. ἐν Ἴωνι 1416, ἥδε τόλμα σου εἶναι ἡ πιθ. γραφή)· τόλμᾱ εἶναι Δωρικ., ὡς παρὰ Πινδ. Ὡς καὶ νῦν, τόλμη, θάρρος, ἀφοβία, Πινδ. Ο. 9. 122, κλπ., Ἡρόδ. 2. 121, 6., 7. 135, καὶ Ἀττικ.· τόλμα καλῶν, θάρρος, πρὸς καλάς, γενναίας πράξεις, Πινδ. Ν. 7. 86· τῶνδε τόλμαν σχέθειν, ἔχειν τόλμην πρὸς ἐκτέλεσιν τούτων, Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 16. 2) ἐπὶ κακῆς σημασίας, ἀπερίσκεπτος καὶ ἀλόγιστος τόλμη, θρασύτης, ἰταμότης, Λατ. audacia, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Χο. 996· πῶς ουν... ἐς τόδ’ ἂν τόλμης ἔβη; Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 125, Εὐριπ., κλπ.· τόλμης ἔργα κἀναισχυντίας Ἀριστοφ. Θεσμ. 702· τ. ἀλόγιστος Θουκ. 3. 82, πρβλ. 6. 59· τόλμ. καὶ ἀναίδεια Ἰσαῖ. 60. 43· καὶ θρασύτης Πλάτ. Λάχ. 197Β· καὶ ἀναισχυντία Ἀντιφῶν 123. 1, Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 38D· ἡ ἄφρων τ. ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Λάχ. 193D. ΙΙ. παράτολμος πρᾶξις, φίλτρα τόλμης τῆσδε Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 1029· τόλμαν ἂν ἔρεξα Εὐρ. Ἀνδρ. 838· πληθ., κακὰς δὲ τόλμας μήτ’ ἐπισταίμην ἐγὼ Σοφ. Τρ. 583, πρβλ. Αἴ. 46· ἀνόσιοι πληγῶν τ. Πλάτ. Νόμ. 881A. (Ἴδε ἐν λέξ. *τλάω).
English (Slater)
τόλμα (-α, -ᾳ, -αν.) daring, courage τόλμα δὲ καὶ ἀμφιλαφὴς δύναμις ἕσποιτο (O. 9.82) τόλμα τέ μοι εὐθεῖα γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν (O. 13.11) ὃς ἂν τὰ μέγιστ' ἀέθλων ἕλῃ τόλμᾳ τε καὶ σθένει (P. 10.24) τόλμαν τε καλῶν ἀρομένῳ courage for noble acts (N. 7.59) οὐδ' ἀμόχθῳ καρδίᾳ προσφέρων τόλμαν παραιτεῖται χάριν (N. 10.30) τόλμᾳ γὰρ εἰκὼς θυμὸν ἐριβρεμετᾶν θηρῶν λεόντων ἐν πόνῳ (sc. Μέλισσος) (I. 4.45) τόλμα τέ μιν ζαμενὴς καὶ σύνεσις πρόσκοπος ἐσάωσεν fr. 231.
Greek Monotonic
τόλμᾰ: -ης, ἡ (*τλάω)·
I. 1. τόλμη, θάρρος, αφοβία, σε Πίνδ., Ηρόδ., Αττ.· τῶνδε τόλμαν σχεθεῖν, να έχεις τόλμη γι' αυτή τη δουλειά, σε Αισχύλ.
2. με αρνητική σημασία, απερίσκεπτη και αλόγιστη τόλμη, θρασύτητα, αυθάδεια, Λατ. audacia, σε Τραγ. κ.λπ.
II. παράτολμη πράξη, στο ίδ.
Middle Liddell
τόλμᾰ, ης, [*τλάω
I. courage, to undertake or venture a thing, boldness, daring, hardihood, courage, Pind., Hdt., Attic; τῶνδε τόλμαν σχεθεῖν to have courage for this business, Aesch.
2. in bad sense, over-boldness, recklessness, Lat. audacia, Trag., etc.
II. a bold or daring act, Trag.
English (Woodhouse)
boldness, courage, daring, initiative, bold enterprise, daring act, daring attempt, daring deed, dreadful act, rash act, self-assertion
Lexicon Thucydideum
audacia, daring, boldness, 1.90.1, 1.144.4, 2.41.4. 2.62.5, 2.87.4. 2.89.5. 3.45.4. 3.82.4, 5.7.2. 5.10.6, 6.31.6. 6.33.4, 6.36.1, 6.59.1, 6.68.2. 6.69.1, 7.28.3.
Translations
courage
Abkhaz: агәымшәара; Afrikaans: moed, dapperheid; Albanian: guxim, trimëri; Arabic: شَجَاعَة, جَسَارَة; Egyptian Arabic: جسارة; Hijazi Arabic: شجاعة; South Levantine Arabic: شجاعة; Aragonese: corache; Armenian: քաջություն, արիություն, խիզախություն; Assamese: সাহ, সাহস; Asturian: coraxe, bravura, braveza; Azerbaijani: cəsarət; Bashkir: батырлыҡ, ҡыйыулыҡ, тәүәккәллек, баҙнатлыҡ; Basque: kemen; Belarusian: смеласць, храбрасць, адвага, мужнасць; Bengali: সাহস; Breton: nerz-kalon; Bulgarian: смелост, храброст, кураж; Burmese: သူရသတ္တိ; Catalan: coratge, valor; Cherokee: ᎠᎵᎦᎵᏴᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 勇氣／勇气, 膽量／胆量; Czech: odvaha, kuráž, statečnost; Danish: mod, tapperhed; Dutch: moed, dapperheid; Esperanto: kuraĝo; Estonian: julgus, vaprus; Faroese: dirvi, mót, áræði, treysti; Finnish: rohkeus, urheus, urhoollisuus; French: bravoure, courage, cœur, vaillance; Friulian: fiât; Galician: afouteza, coraxe, carraxe, brúo, braveza, xirio, ardemento, cordoxo; Georgian: გულადობა, მამაცობა, ვაჟკაცობა; German: Courage, Herz, Mut, Tapferkeit; Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹; Greek: κουράγιο, θάρρος, γενναιότητα, ανδρεία; Ancient Greek: ἀγηνορία, αἷμα, ἀλκή, ἀνάτασις, ἀνδραγαθία, ἀνδραγαθίη, ἀνδρεία, ἀρετή, εὐανδρία, εὐτολμία, θάρρος, θάρσος, θέρσος, θράσος, κάρτος, λῆμα, μένος, τἀνδρεῖον, τὸ ἀνδρεῖον, τόλμα, τόλμη, φρόνημα; Guaraní: py'aguasu; Gujarati: હિંમત; Hawaiian: koa; Hebrew: אֹמֶץ; Hindi: साहस, हौसला, हिम्मत; Hungarian: bátorság; Icelandic: hugrekki, kjarkur; Ido: kurajo; Indonesian: keberanian; Interlingua: corage; Irish: misneach, sprid; Italian: coraggio; Japanese: 勇気, 度胸; Javanese: wani, kawenan; Kazakh: батылдық, аужарлық; Khmer: សេចក្ដីក្លាហាន; Korean: 용기(勇氣); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: wêrekî, bistehî, cesaret, curet, mêranî; Kyrgyz: кайрат, кайраттуулук, жүрөктүүлүк; Ladino: koraje, animo, djesaret; Lao: ເສົາຣະຍະ, ຄວາມກ້າຫານ; Latin: fortitudo, virtus, animus, audentia; Latvian: drosme; Lithuanian: drąsa; Luxembourgish: Mutt, Courage; Macedonian: храброст, смелост; Malay: keberanian; Malayalam: ധൈര്യം; Maltese: kuraġġ; Maori: hautoa, māia, toa; Mirandese: coraige; Mongolian: эр зориг; Nepali: बहादुरी, साहस; Norwegian Bokmål: mot, tapperhet; Occitan: coratge; Old English: nōþ; Ossetian: хъӕбатырдзинад; Persian: شهامت, جرات, جسارت, شجاعت; Polish: odwaga, męstwo, śmiałość; Portuguese: coragem, coração, valentia; Romanian: curaj; Russian: смелость, храбрость, отвага, мужество; Scottish Gaelic: tapachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: храбро̄ст, сме̏ло̄ст; Roman: hrábrōst, smȅlōst; Sicilian: curaggiu; Slovak: odvaha; Slovene: pogum, hrabrost; Spanish: coraje, valor, valentía; Swahili: ujasiri; Swedish: mod, tapperhet; Tagalog: tapang, katapangan, lakas ng loob; Tajik: ҷасурӣ, далерӣ, диловарӣ, ҷуръат, ҷасорат; Tamil: தைரியம்; Telugu: ధైర్యము; Thai: ความกล้า, ความกล้าหาญ; Tibetan: སྙིང་སྟོབས; Turkish: cesaret, yüreklilik; Turkmen: batyrlyk, mertlik, ýüreklilik; Tuvan: эрес дидим чорук; Ukrainian: сміливість, хоробрість, мужність, відвага; Urdu: ساہس, ہمت; Uyghur: جاسارەت; Uzbek: botirlik, jasurlik, mardlik, jasorat; Vietnamese: can đảm; Volapük: kurad; Welsh: hyfdra; West Frisian: moed; White Hmong: peevxwm, peev xwm; Yiddish: מוט; Zazaki: cesaret, egitey; Zulu: isibindi
