στάδιον: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=stadion | |Transliteration C=stadion | ||
|Beta Code=sta/dion | |Beta Code=sta/dion | ||
|Definition=[ᾰ], Argive [[σπάδιον]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), τό: pl. [[στάδια]] and heterocl. [[στάδιοι]]; Hdt. uses both, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> στάδιοι <span class="bibl">1.26</span>, <span class="bibl">2.149</span>,<span class="bibl">158</span>, al., στάδια <span class="bibl">4.101</span>, <span class="bibl">5.53</span>, <span class="bibl">9.23</span>, al.; so Th. in the same chapter (<span class="bibl">7.78</span>) has [[στάδια]] once and [[σταδίους]] twice; στάδια <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>497</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>6</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>229c</span>; στάδιοι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1319</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>113c</span>, <span class="bibl">117e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 388.6</span> (iii B.C.), etc.; the sg. masc. is not found: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> as a standard of length, [[stade]],= <span class="bibl">100</span> [[ὀργυιαί]] or <span class="bibl">6</span> [[πλέθρα]] (<span class="bibl">Hdt.2.149</span>), i.e. <span class="bibl">600</span> Greek, <span class="bibl">606</span> <span class="bibl">3</span>/<span class="bibl">4</span> English feet, about ''1''/<span class="bibl">8</span> of a Roman mile, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.39.8</span>, <span class="bibl">34.12.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>2.85</span>, Hero *Deff.131; a longer [[stade]], of which there were 7 | |Definition=[ᾰ], Argive [[σπάδιον]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), τό: pl. [[στάδια]] and heterocl. [[στάδιοι]]; Hdt. uses both, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> στάδιοι <span class="bibl">1.26</span>, <span class="bibl">2.149</span>,<span class="bibl">158</span>, al., στάδια <span class="bibl">4.101</span>, <span class="bibl">5.53</span>, <span class="bibl">9.23</span>, al.; so Th. in the same chapter (<span class="bibl">7.78</span>) has [[στάδια]] once and [[σταδίους]] twice; στάδια <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>497</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>6</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>229c</span>; στάδιοι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1319</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>113c</span>, <span class="bibl">117e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 388.6</span> (iii B.C.), etc.; the sg. masc. is not found: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> as a standard of length, [[stade]],= <span class="bibl">100</span> [[ὀργυιαί]] or <span class="bibl">6</span> [[πλέθρα]] (<span class="bibl">Hdt.2.149</span>), i.e. <span class="bibl">600</span> Greek, <span class="bibl">606</span> <span class="bibl">3</span>/<span class="bibl">4</span> English feet, about ''1''/<span class="bibl">8</span> of a Roman mile, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.39.8</span>, <span class="bibl">34.12.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>2.85</span>, Hero *Deff.131; a longer [[stade]], of which there were 7 ½ in a Roman mile, is implied by <span class="bibl">D.C.52.21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος]] = [[best by a hundred miles]], <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>430</span>; πλεῖν ἢ σταδίῳ λαλίστερα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ra.</span>91</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[race-course]], IG22.677.3, etc. (because the most noted, that of Olympia, was exactly a stade long): prop. [[a single course]], opp. [[δίαυλος]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.37</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.2313.23, <span class="title">SIG</span>1067.9 (Rhodes, ii B.C.), etc.; σταδίου δρόμος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span> 13.30</span>; [[γυμνὸν στάδιον]], opp. [[ὁπλίτης δρόμος]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>11.49</span>; ὠκύτερον σταδίου <span class="bibl">Thgn.1306</span>; [[ἀγωνίζεσθαι στάδιον]] = [[run a race]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.22</span>; ἁμιλλᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 833a</span>; νικᾶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.2.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>8.16</span>; ἀσκεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Thg.</span>128e</span>; of the building, <span class="title">IG</span>22.351.16, 677.3, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>93.16</span> (iii A.D.), etc.; [[ἐν σταδίοις]], i.e. [[in the amphitheatre]], <span class="title">CIG</span>4377 (Sagalassos). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[any]] [[area]], e.g. for [[dancing]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>497</span> (lyr.); [[ξύλινον στάδιον]], of a [[board]] for playing [[πεσσοί]], <span class="title">AP</span>15.18. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[walk]] in a [[garden]], <span class="title">IG</span>14.1853 (pl.).</span> | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Revision as of 10:10, 23 November 2021
English (LSJ)
[ᾰ], Argive σπάδιον (q.v.), τό: pl. στάδια and heterocl. στάδιοι; Hdt. uses both, A στάδιοι 1.26, 2.149,158, al., στάδια 4.101, 5.53, 9.23, al.; so Th. in the same chapter (7.78) has στάδια once and σταδίους twice; στάδια E.Ion497 (lyr.), Ar.Av.6, Antiph.100, Pl.Phdr.229c; στάδιοι Ar.Ra.1319, Pl.Criti.113c, 117e, PCair.Zen. 388.6 (iii B.C.), etc.; the sg. masc. is not found: I as a standard of length, stade,= 100 ὀργυιαί or 6 πλέθρα (Hdt.2.149), i.e. 600 Greek, 606 3/4 English feet, about 1/8 of a Roman mile, Plb.3.39.8, 34.12.4, cf. Plin.HN2.85, Hero *Deff.131; a longer stade, of which there were 7 ½ in a Roman mile, is implied by D.C.52.21. 2 metaph., ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος = best by a hundred miles, Ar. Nu.430; πλεῖν ἢ σταδίῳ λαλίστερα Id.Ra.91. II race-course, IG22.677.3, etc. (because the most noted, that of Olympia, was exactly a stade long): prop. a single course, opp. δίαυλος, Pi.O.13.37, IG22.2313.23, SIG1067.9 (Rhodes, ii B.C.), etc.; σταδίου δρόμος Pi.O. 13.30; γυμνὸν στάδιον, opp. ὁπλίτης δρόμος, Id.P.11.49; ὠκύτερον σταδίου Thgn.1306; ἀγωνίζεσθαι στάδιον = run a race, Hdt.5.22; ἁμιλλᾶσθαι Pl.Lg. 833a; νικᾶν X.HG1.2.1, cf. Pi.N.8.16; ἀσκεῖν Pl.Thg.128e; of the building, IG22.351.16, 677.3, PRyl.93.16 (iii A.D.), etc.; ἐν σταδίοις, i.e. in the amphitheatre, CIG4377 (Sagalassos). 2 any area, e.g. for dancing, E.Ion497 (lyr.); ξύλινον στάδιον, of a board for playing πεσσοί, AP15.18. 3 walk in a garden, IG14.1853 (pl.).
German (Pape)
[Seite 926] τό, auch στάδιος, ὁ, bes. im plur., eigtl. das Feststehende, bes. eine feststehende bestimmte Länge, eine Strecke von 610 griech. od. 625 röm. Fußen, od. 125 Schritten, 49 Ruthen rheinl., Her. 2, 149; 8 Stadien sind etwas mehr als eine röm. Meile, 40 Stadien ungefähr eine deutsche od. geographische Meile; Ar. sagt komisch ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος, Nubb. 429, u. Εὐριπίδου πλεῖν ἢ σταδίῳ λαλίστερα, Ran. 91. – Die Rennbahn (denn die Rennbabn in Olympia war gerade ein Stadium lang); σταδίου τόνος, Pind. Ol. 11, 64; δρόμος, 13, 30; τιμά, ib. 37; γυμνὸν ἐπὶ στάδιον, wo man nackt lief, P. 11, 49 I. 1, 23; ἀγωνιζόμενος στάδιον, wettlaufend, Her. 5, 22, ὁ τὸ στάδιον ἁμιλλησόμενος, Plat. Legg. VIII, 833 a, στάδιον ἀγωνίζεσθαι, Xen. An. 4, 8, 27; u. häufig τὸ στάδιον ἐνίκα Εὐβότας, Hell. 1, 2, 1. – Unbeweglichkeit, Festigkeit, Sp.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
στάδιον: [ᾰ], τό· πληθ. στάδια καὶ ἑτερογεν. στάδιοι· ὁ Ἡρόδ. ποιεῖται χρῆσιν ἀμφοτέρων, στάδιοι 1. 26., 2. 149, 158, κ. ἀλλ., στάδια 4. 101., 5. 53., 9. 23· οὕτως ὁ Θουκ. ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ κεφ. (7. 78) ἔχει στάδια ἅπαξ καὶ σταδίους δίς· στάδια Εὐρ. Ἴων 497, Ἀριστοφ. Ὄρν. 6, Ἀντιφάν. ἐν «Ἐφεσίοις» 1, Πλάτ. Φαῖδρ. 228Α, κτλ.· ― στάδιοι Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 1319, Πλάτ. Κριτί. 113C, 117Ε, κτλ.· ἀλλὰ δὲν ὑπάρχει παράδειγμα τοῦ ἑνικοῦ ἀρσ.· ― κυρίως, τὸ ἱστάμενον ἀκίνητον (ἴδε ἐν τέλει), ὅθεν, Ι. ὡς ὡρισμένον μέτρον μήκους, = 100 ὀργυιαῖς ἢ 6 πλέθροις (Ἡρόδ. 2. 149), δηλ. ἴσον πρὸς 600 ἑλληνικοὺς καὶ 606 ¾ ἀγγλικοὺς πόδας ἢ πρὸς 184, 87 γαλλ. μέτρ. ἢ περίπου 1/8 τοῦ Ρωμαϊκοῦ μιλίου, Πολύβ. 3. 39, 8, Στράβ. 322· ― μακρότερον δὲ στάδιον ὧν 7 ½ ἀπετέλουν ἓν Ρωμαϊκὸν μίλιον μνημονεύεται τὸ πρῶτον παρὰ Δίωνι Κ. 52. 21· πρβλ. Ideler ἐν τῇ ἐκθέσει τῶν ἐργασιῶν τῆς ἐν Βερολίνῳ Ἀκαδημείας, 1812-13, σ. 187 κἑξ., Hussey Weights and Measures, παράρτ. 11 κἑξ. 2) παρὰ τῷ Ἀριστοφ. εὑρίσκομεν: ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος, κατὰ .. ἄριστος, δηλ. εἰς ὑπερβολήν, Νεφ. 430· πλεῖν ἢ σταδίῳ λαλίστερος Βάτρ. 91. ΙΙ. δρόμος ἢ ἀγὼν δρόμου, (ἐπειδὴ ὁ ἐπισημότατος δρομικὸς ἀγὼν ὁ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ εἶχεν ἀκριβῶς ἑνὸς σταδίου μῆκος), ἀντίθετον τῷ δίαυλος (πρβλ. Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 232), Πινδ. Ο. 13. 50· σταδίου πόνος (ἢ τόνος), δρόμος, τιμὰ ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ο. 10 (11). 76., 13. 41, 49· γυμνὸν στ., ἀντίθετον τῷ ὁπλίτης δρόμος, Π. 11. 41, 49· γυμνὸν στ., ἀντίθετον τῷ ὁπλίτης δρόμος, Π. 11. 74· ὠκύτερον σταδίου Θέογν. 1306· ἀγωνίζεσθαι στ., ἀγωνίζομαι εἰς τὸν δρόμον, Ἡρόδ. 5. 22· ἁμιλλᾶσθαι Πλάτ. Νόμ. 833Α· νικᾶν Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 1. 2, 1, πρβλ. Πινδ. Ν. 8. 26· ἀσκεῖν Πλάτ. Θεάγ. 128Ε· ― ἐν σταδίοις, δηλ. ἐν τῷ ἀμφιθεάτρῳ, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 4377. 2) πᾶς τόπος ἐπίπεδος καὶ ἀνοικτός, οἷον πρὸς ὄρχησιν, Εὐρ. Ἴων 497· ― ξύλινον στ., ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀβακίου τῶν πεσσῶν, Ἀνθ. Π. 15. 18. (Ἐκ τῆς √ΣΤΑ, ἵστημι, στῆναι· πρὸς τὸν Δωρικ. τύπον σπάδιον (ὃ ἴδε), πρβλ. τὸ Λατ. spalim).
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (τό) :
1 le stade, mesure de 600 pieds grecs ou 625 pieds romains;
2 p. ext. carrière de la longueur d’un stade ; course dans le stade, course du stade : τὸ στάδιον ἀγωνίζεσθαι HDT disputer le prix de la course du stade.
Étymologie: στάδιος.
English (Slater)
στᾰδιον (-ίου, -ιον; -ίων, -ίοις.)
1 stadion, furlong race στάδιον μὲν ἀρίστευσεν παῖς (O. 10.64) πενταέθλῳ ἅμα σταδίου νικῶν δρόμον (O. 13.30) Πυθοῖ τ' ἔχει σταδίου τιμὰν διαύλου θ (O. 13.37) Πυθοῖ τε γυμνὸν ἐπὶ στάδιον καταβάντες (P. 11.49) (ὕμνον) Δείνιος δισσῶν σταδίων καὶ πατρὸς Μέγα Νεμεαῖον ἄγαλμα (ὅτι διαυλοδρόμος Σ.) (N. 8.16) ἔν τε γυμνοῖσι σταδίοις (I. 1.23)
English (Strong)
or masculine (in plural) stadios from the base of ἵστημι (as fixed); a stade or certain measure of distance; by implication, a stadium or race-course: furlong, race.
English (Thayer)
σταδιου, plural τά σταδια (Tdf.), and οἱ σταδιοι (so (Tr text WH text); Tdf.); Relz G L WH marginal reading); Tdf. Proleg., p. 117; WH s Appendix, p. 157); Krüger, § 19,2, 1) (ΣΤΑΩ, ἵστημι; hence, properly, 'established,' that which stands fast, a 'stated' distance, a 'fixed standard' of length), a stadium, i. e.
1. a measure of length comprising 600 Greek feet, or 625 Roman feet, or 125 Roman paces (Pliny, h. n. 2,23 (21), 85), hence, one-eighth of a Roman mile (i. e. 606 3/4English feet (about 15 miles less than one-fifth of a kilometer)); the space or distance of that length (A. V. a furlong): (Tr text WH text); a race-course, i. e. place in which contests in running were held; the one who outstripped the rest, and reached the goal first, receiving the prize: A. V. race). Courses of this description were to be found in most of the larger Greek cities, and were, like that at Olympia, 600 Greek feet in length. Cf. Winer s RWB, under the word Sigdium; Grundt in Schenkel, under the word, vol. v., 375f; (BB. DD. under the word <TOPIC:Games>).
Greek Monolingual
τὸ, ΜΑ
βλ. στάδιο.
Greek Monotonic
στάδιον: [ᾰ], τό, πληθ., στάδια και στάδιοι, ποτέ όμως στάδιος στον ενικ.· (στῆναι)·
I. σταθερή μονάδα μέτρησης του μήκους· ένα στάδιο = 100 ὀργυιαί ή 6 πλέθρα, δηλ. 600 Ελλ. ή 606 3/4 Αγγλ. πόδες, περίπου 1/8 του Ρωμ. μιλίου, σε Πολύβ.· ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος, «ο καλύτερος από εκατό μίλια μακριά», μακράν ο καλύτερος, σε Αριστοφ.· πλεῖν ἢ σταδίῳ λαλίστερος, μακράν ο πολυλογάς, στον ίδ.
II. αγώνας δρόμου (που στους Ολυμπιακούς Αγώνες είχε μήκος ενός σταδίου), σε Πίνδ. κ.λπ.· ἀγωνίζεσθαι στάδιον, τρέχω σε αγώνα δρόμου, σε Ηρόδ.· στάδιον νικᾶν, νικώ σε αγώνα δρόμου, σε Ξεν.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
στάδιον: τό (pl. тж. οἱ στάδιοι)
1) стадий (мера длины = 184.97 м) (σ. Ὀλυμπικόν Her., Polyb.): ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος Arph. опередивший на сто стадиев;
2) стадий, ристалище (так как ристалище в Олимпии имело один стадий в длину): τὸ σ. ἀγωνίζεσθαι Her., Xen. и ἁμιλλᾶσθαι Plat. состязаться в беге; τὸ σ. νικᾶν Xen. победить в беге; στάδια χλοερὰ στείβειν ποδοῖν Eur. плясать на зеленых ристалищах, т. е. лужайках; ὁ ἐν ξιλίνῳ σταδίῳ πόλεμος Anth. сражение на деревянном ристалище, т. е. шахматная или шашечная игра.
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
στάδιον -ου, τό, plur. στάδια en στάδιοι. stadion (lengtemaat, = 600 Griekse voet, afhankelijk van regionale verschillen ergens tussen 162-210 meter, in Attica = 186 meter); overdr.. τῶν Ἑλλήνων λέγειν ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος van de Grieken de beste in het spreken met een afstand van honderd stadia (tot de nummer twee) Aristoph. Nub. 430. renbaan, stadion; uitbr. hardloopwedstrijd over de afstand van één στάδιον: stadionren:. ἀγωνίζεσθαι στάδιον deelnemen aan de stadionren = τὸ στάδιον ἁμιλλᾶσθαι Plat. Lg. 833a; στάδιον νικᾶν de stadionren winnen Xen. Hell. 1.2.1. open ruimte, veld. Eur. Ion 497.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: n.,
Meaning: race-course, stadium, sec. as length-measure of changing length, after Hdt. 2, 149 = 100 ὀργυιαί or 6 πλέθρα (Thgn., Pi., IA.).
Other forms: pl. -ια and -ιοι (sc. δρόμοι).
Compounds: As 2. element in σταδιο-δρόμος m. racer (Simon., Att.), later σταδια- στάδιον id. (hell. a. late inscr. a. o.; hypercorrect formation after the plur. στάδια); often as 2. member, esp. after numerals, e.g. ὀκτα- (ὀκτω-) στάδιος measuring eight st. (Plb., Str.).
Derivatives: σταδι-εύς m. racer (Plb. a.o.; Bosshardt 43), -εύω to run for the wager (Arist. a. o.), -αῖος measuring one st. (Plb., D.H. a.o.), -ασμός m. measuring by st. (Str. a.o.: *στα-διάζω).
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Old folketymol. tranformation of σπάδιον (Argiv.; s. σπάω) after στάδιος (Prellwitz s. v.).? Diff. Bechtel Dial. 2, 473 : στάδιον original; from this by dissim. σπά-διον. -- Lat. LW [loanword] stadium race-course.
Middle Liddell
[pl. στάδια and στάδιοι, but never στάδιος in sg.] στῆναι
I. a fixed standard of length, a stade, = 100 ὀργυιαί or 6 πλέθρα, i. e. 600 Greek or 606 3/4 English feet, about 1/8 of a Roman mile, Polyb.: —ἑκατὸν σταδίοισιν ἄριστος "best by a hundred miles, " Ar.; πλεῖν ἢ σταδίῳ λαλίστερος more loquacious than a mile and more, Ar.
II. a race-course (that of Olympia being a stade long), Pind., etc.; ἀγωνίζεσθαι στ. to run a race, Hdt.; στ. νικᾶν to win one, Xen.
Frisk Etymology German
στάδιον: {stádion}
Forms: pl. -ια und -ιοι (sc. δρόμοι)
Grammar: n.,
Meaning: Rennbahn, Stadion, sekundär als Längenmaß von etwas wechselnder Ausdehnung, nach Hdt. 2, 149 = 100 ὀργυιαί od. 6 πλέθρα (Thgn., Pi., ion. att.).
Composita : Als Vorderglied in σταδιοδρόμος m. Wettläufer (Simon., att.), später σταδια- ~ ib. (hell. u. sp. Inschr. u. a.; hyperkorrekte Bildung nach dem Plur. στάδια); oft als Hinterglied, zumal nach Zahlwörtern, z.B. ὀκτα- (ὀκτω-) στάδιος ‘acht St. messend’ (Plb., Str.).
Derivative: Davon σταδιεύς m. Wettläufer (Plb. u.a.; Bosshardt 43), -εύω um die Wette rennen (Arist. u. a.), -αῖος ‘ein St. messend’ (Plb., D.H. u.a.), -ασμός m. ‘Messung nach St.’ (Str. u.a.: *σταδιάζω).
Etymology : Alte volksetymol. Umbildung von σπάδιον (argiv.; s. σπάω) nach στάδιος (Prellwitz s. v.).? Anders Bechtel Dial. 2, 473 : στάδιον ursprünglich; daraus durch Dissim. σπάδιον. — Lat. LW stadium Rennbahn.
Page 2,773
Chinese
原文音譯:st£dion 士他笛按
詞類次數:名詞(6)
原文字根:站(本位)
字義溯源:士他笛按,夫廊,運動場,賽場,跑道,里,長度名;士他笛按(Stadion),是長度單位,約為185公尺,源自(ἵστημι)*=站,制定)。夫廊(furlong),長度名,合一英里的八分之一。註:士他笛按,夫廊,均為音譯
出現次數:總共(7);太(1);路(1);約(2);林前(1);啓(2)
譯字彙編:
1) 士他笛按(5) 路24:13; 約6:19; 約11:18; 啓14:20; 啓21:16;
2) 賽場(1) 林前9:24;
3) 里(1) 太14:24
English (Woodhouse)
heat, lap, race-course, eighth of a mile, heat in a race, race course, racecourse
Wikipedia EN
The stadion (Greek: στάδιον; Latin: stadium), formerly also anglicized as stade, was an ancient Greek unit of length, based on the circumference of a typical sports stadium of the time.
Stadion or stade (Ancient Greek: στάδιον) was an ancient running event, part of the Ancient Olympic Games and the other Panhellenic Games. It was one of the five major Pentathlon events. It was the premier event of the gymnikos agon (γυμνικὸς ἀγών "nude competition").
From the years 776 to 724 BC, the stadion was the only event that took place at the Olympic Games. The victor gave his name to the entire four-year Olympiad, which has allowed scholars to know the names of nearly every ancient Olympic stadion winner.
The stadion was named after the building in which it took place, also called the stadion. This word became stadium in Latin, which became the English word stadium. The race also gave its name to the unit of length, the stadion. There were other types of running events, but the stadion was the most prestigious; the winner was often considered to be the winner of an entire Games. Though a separate event, the stadion was also part of the ancient Pentathlon.
At the Olympic Games, the stadion (building) was big enough for 20 competitors, and the race was a 200 yd (180 m) sprint, but the original stadion track in Olympia measures approximately 210 yd (190 m). The race began with a trumpet blow, with officials (the ἀγωνοθέται agonothetai) at the starting blocks to make sure there were no false starts. There were also officials at the end to decide on a winner and to make sure no one had cheated. If the officials decided there was a tie, the race would be re-run. Runners started the race from a standing position, probably with their arms stretched out in front of them, instead of starting in a crouch like modern runners. They ran naked on a packed earth track. By the fifth century, the track was marked by a stone-starting line, the balbis. Advancements in this stone starting block led to it having a set of double grooves (10–12 cm (3.9–4.7 in) apart) in which the runner placed his toes. The design of these grooves were intended to give the runner leverage for his start. The winner of the stadion in the first Olympic Games was Coroebus of Elis.