officium: Difference between revisions
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|lnetxt=officium offici(i) N N :: [[duty]], [[obligation]]; [[kindness]]; [[service]], [[office]] | |||
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|lshtext=<b>offĭcĭum</b>: ii, n. for [[opificium]], [[opus]] and [[facio]], qs. [[that]] [[which]] one does for [[another]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[service]], [[whether]] of [[free]] [[will]] or of ([[external]] or [[moral]]) [[necessity]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[studium]], [[beneficium]], [[meritum]], [[munus]]).<br /><b>I</b> A [[voluntary]] [[service]], a [[kindness]], [[favor]], [[courtesy]], rendered to one whose [[claim]] to it is recognized; [[while]] [[beneficium]] is a [[service]] rendered [[where]] [[there]] is no [[claim]]: [[officium]] esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas [[necessitudo]] suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: altera [[sententia]] est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum [[sane]] [[genus]] hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: [[nihil]] est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum [[officio]] vicini decidere, so as to do him a [[service]], Col. 2, 14, 6: summo [[officio]] [[praeditus]] [[homo]], [[exceedingly]] [[obliging]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[ceremonial]] [[observance]], [[ceremony]], [[attendance]] (on a [[festive]] or [[solemn]] [[occasion]]; [[mostly]] [[post]]-Aug.): [[officio]] togae [[virilis]] interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: [[sine]] solenni [[officio]], Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo [[officio]] deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad [[officium]] venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto [[statim]] novorum consulum [[officio]], id. Caes. 50: in [[officio]] salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans [[praeter]] navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: [[quod]] supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the [[payment]] of the [[last]] offices, at the [[funeral]], Tac. A. 5, 2: [[officium]] [[cras]] Primo [[sole]] mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a [[ceremonial]] [[visit]], Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—<br /> <b>2</b> In mal. [[part]]., [[compliance]], [[favor]], Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. [[virile]], Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: [[puerile]], Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—<br /><b>II</b> In gen., an obligatory [[service]], an [[obligation]], [[duty]], [[function]], [[part]], [[office]] (so [[most]] freq. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]] of all periods): nulla vitae [[pars]] [[neque]] publicis [[neque]] privatis [[neque]] forensibus [[neque]] domesticis in rebus, [[neque]] si [[tecum]] agas [[quid]], [[neque]], si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est [[honestas]] [[omnis]] et in neglegendo [[turpitudo]], etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum [[officium]] rectum [[opinor]] vocemus, [[quod]] [[Graeci]] [[κατόρθωμα]]: hoc [[autem]] [[commune]] καθῆκον vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, [[quia]] [[illi]] suum [[officium]] non colunt, [[quom]] tu tuum facis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66: meminisse [[officium]] suum, to [[remember]] one's [[duty]], id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, [[subject]]., a [[sense]] of [[duty]]: si [[quis]] [[aegre]] ferat [[nihil]] in se esse virtutis, [[nihil]] officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: [[quicquid]] in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, [[utrum]] [[apud]] eos [[pudor]] [[atque]] [[officium]] an [[timor]] valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere, to do one's [[duty]], Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis, [[observe]] all the obligations of [[friendship]], Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: exsequi, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: fungi [[officio]], id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: satisfacere [[officio]], to [[perform]], id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47: [[officium]] suum deserere, to [[disregard]] one's [[duty]], not [[perform]] it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28: discedere ab [[officio]], id. ib. 1, 10, 32: deesse [[officio]] suo, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1: officii duxit, considered it his [[duty]], Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals: [[canes]] funguntur officiis luporum, [[act]] the [[part]] of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: [[neque]] pes [[neque]] [[mens]] [[satis]] suum [[officium]] facit, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: [[officium]] corporis, the [[function]] or [[property]] of a [[body]], Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> Lit., an [[official]] [[duty]], a [[service]], [[employment]], [[business]] ([[class]].): toti [[officio]] maritimo M. [[Bibulus]] [[praepositus]] cuncta administrabat, [[naval]] [[service]], Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: [[celeriter]] [[equitatus]] ad cotidianum itineris [[officium]] revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis [[officio]], id. ib. 3, 103: destringor [[officio]], Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: [[officium]] (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—<br /> <b>2</b> Transf., an [[office]], [[appointment]] ([[post]]-Aug.).<br /> <b>a</b> Laboriosissimum et maximum, [[office]], Plin. [[Pan]]. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum [[officium]] instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, [[neque]] [[officio]] judicis, [[neque]] praetoris imperio [[neque]] legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex [[officio]] pro aliis interveniunt, by [[virtue]] of [[their]] [[office]], ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—<br /> <b>b</b> Transf., in concr.<br /> <b>(a)</b> The officials or attendants on a [[magistrate]] = officialium [[corpus]] ( | |lshtext=<b>offĭcĭum</b>: ii, n. for [[opificium]], [[opus]] and [[facio]], qs. [[that]] [[which]] one does for [[another]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[service]], [[whether]] of [[free]] [[will]] or of ([[external]] or [[moral]]) [[necessity]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[studium]], [[beneficium]], [[meritum]], [[munus]]).<br /><b>I</b> A [[voluntary]] [[service]], a [[kindness]], [[favor]], [[courtesy]], rendered to one whose [[claim]] to it is recognized; [[while]] [[beneficium]] is a [[service]] rendered [[where]] [[there]] is no [[claim]]: [[officium]] esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas [[necessitudo]] suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: altera [[sententia]] est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum [[sane]] [[genus]] hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: [[nihil]] est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum [[officio]] vicini decidere, so as to do him a [[service]], Col. 2, 14, 6: summo [[officio]] [[praeditus]] [[homo]], [[exceedingly]] [[obliging]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[ceremonial]] [[observance]], [[ceremony]], [[attendance]] (on a [[festive]] or [[solemn]] [[occasion]]; [[mostly]] [[post]]-Aug.): [[officio]] togae [[virilis]] interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: [[sine]] solenni [[officio]], Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo [[officio]] deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad [[officium]] venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto [[statim]] novorum consulum [[officio]], id. Caes. 50: in [[officio]] salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans [[praeter]] navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: [[quod]] supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the [[payment]] of the [[last]] offices, at the [[funeral]], Tac. A. 5, 2: [[officium]] [[cras]] Primo [[sole]] mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a [[ceremonial]] [[visit]], Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—<br /> <b>2</b> In mal. [[part]]., [[compliance]], [[favor]], Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. [[virile]], Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: [[puerile]], Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—<br /><b>II</b> In gen., an obligatory [[service]], an [[obligation]], [[duty]], [[function]], [[part]], [[office]] (so [[most]] freq. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]] of all periods): nulla vitae [[pars]] [[neque]] publicis [[neque]] privatis [[neque]] forensibus [[neque]] domesticis in rebus, [[neque]] si [[tecum]] agas [[quid]], [[neque]], si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est [[honestas]] [[omnis]] et in neglegendo [[turpitudo]], etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum [[officium]] rectum [[opinor]] vocemus, [[quod]] [[Graeci]] [[κατόρθωμα]]: hoc [[autem]] [[commune]] καθῆκον vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, [[quia]] [[illi]] suum [[officium]] non colunt, [[quom]] tu tuum facis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66: meminisse [[officium]] suum, to [[remember]] one's [[duty]], id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, [[subject]]., a [[sense]] of [[duty]]: si [[quis]] [[aegre]] ferat [[nihil]] in se esse virtutis, [[nihil]] officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: [[quicquid]] in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, [[utrum]] [[apud]] eos [[pudor]] [[atque]] [[officium]] an [[timor]] valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere, to do one's [[duty]], Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis, [[observe]] all the obligations of [[friendship]], Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: exsequi, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: fungi [[officio]], id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: satisfacere [[officio]], to [[perform]], id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47: [[officium]] suum deserere, to [[disregard]] one's [[duty]], not [[perform]] it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28: discedere ab [[officio]], id. ib. 1, 10, 32: deesse [[officio]] suo, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1: officii duxit, considered it his [[duty]], Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals: [[canes]] funguntur officiis luporum, [[act]] the [[part]] of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: [[neque]] pes [[neque]] [[mens]] [[satis]] suum [[officium]] facit, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: [[officium]] corporis, the [[function]] or [[property]] of a [[body]], Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> Lit., an [[official]] [[duty]], a [[service]], [[employment]], [[business]] ([[class]].): toti [[officio]] maritimo M. [[Bibulus]] [[praepositus]] cuncta administrabat, [[naval]] [[service]], Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: [[celeriter]] [[equitatus]] ad cotidianum itineris [[officium]] revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis [[officio]], id. ib. 3, 103: destringor [[officio]], Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: [[officium]] (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—<br /> <b>2</b> Transf., an [[office]], [[appointment]] ([[post]]-Aug.).<br /> <b>a</b> Laboriosissimum et maximum, [[office]], Plin. [[Pan]]. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum [[officium]] instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, [[neque]] [[officio]] judicis, [[neque]] praetoris imperio [[neque]] legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex [[officio]] pro aliis interveniunt, by [[virtue]] of [[their]] [[office]], ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—<br /> <b>b</b> Transf., in concr.<br /> <b>(a)</b> The officials or attendants on a [[magistrate]] = officialium [[corpus]] (post-class.): sub praetextu [[adventus]] officiorum vel militum, Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74: deponere aliquid [[apud]] [[officium]], ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the [[imperial]] [[court]], Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> An [[office]] or [[court]] of a [[magistrate]]: [[ipse]] me [[Regulus]] convenit in praetoris [[officio]], Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11. | ||
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|georg=officium, iī, n. (viell. aus [[opificium]] [[mit]] veränderter [[Bedeutung]]), I) = καθηκον (s. Cic. ad Att. 16, 11, 4), die moralische [[Obliegenheit]], [[Pflicht]], [[Verpflichtung]], Verbindlichkeit, [[Schuldigkeit]], der [[Dienst]], der [[Beruf]] (in bürgerlichen u. gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen, [[wie]] die religiöse [[Pflicht]] [[debitum]], [[religio]]), A) im allg.: a) objekt.: [[esse]] in [[officio]], Cic., od. [[officium]] suum facere, Ter., od. servare, Cic., od. exsequi, Cic., od. [[officio]] fungi, Cic., od. [[officio]] satisfacere, Cic., seine [[Pflicht]] [[tun]], [[beobachten]], [[erfüllen]]: scribendi [[officium]] explere, Cic.: [[officium]] implere, Sulp. Sev.: hominis [[officium]] implere, Lact.: religionis [[officium]] implere, Sulp. Sev.: [[officium]] [[publicum]] implere, Plin. ep.: [[officium]] praestare, Caes., u. alci praestare, Caes. u.a.: officii duxit, hielt es [[für]] [[Pflicht]], Suet.: [[officium]] suum deserere [[oder]] ab [[officio]] discedere [[oder]] [[officio]] [[suo]] deesse, seine [[Pflicht]] aus den Augen [[setzen]], -[[nicht]] [[tun]], -[[nicht]] [[beobachten]], Cic.: cessare [[officio]], Liv., in [[officio]], Liv.: [[qua]] ex re intellegi [[facile]] potuit, nullum [[esse]] [[officium]] [[tam]] sanctum [[atque]] solemne, [[quod]] [[non]] [[avaritia]] comminuere [[atque]] violare soleat, Cic. – v. Tieren, [[canes]] funguntur [[officio]] luporum, den [[Beruf]], Cornif. rhet. – übtr., v. Lebl., [[neque]] [[pes]] [[neque]] [[mens]] [[satis]] suum [[officium]] facit, Ter. – b) subj.: α) das [[Pflichtgefühl]], Cic. Tusc. 4, 61; ep. 10, 1, 4. Nep. Att. 4, 2: imperatoris, Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 10: [[pudor]] [[atque]] [[officium]], Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 14. – β) die [[Pflichttreue]], Pflichtmäßigkeit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 39. – B) insbes., die [[Unterwürfigkeit]], der [[Gehorsam]] Besiegter, in [[officio]] [[esse]], Caes.: in [[officio]] continere, Caes.: [[officio]] assuefactus, Caes. – II) = jede pflichtmäßige [[Handlungsweise]] od. [[Handlung]], A) im allg.: nullā re [[tam]] laetari [[soleo]], [[quam]] meorum officiorum conscientiā, quibus si [[quando]] [[non]] [[mutue]] respondetur, [[apud]] me [[plus]] officii residēre [[facile]] [[patior]], Cic.: ignoscendi [[ratio]] quaeritur ex iis locis, si plura [[aut]] maiora officia [[quam]] maleficia videbuntur constare, Cornif. rhet. – B) insbes.: 1) die Dienstfertigkeit, Dienstbeflissenheit, Höflichkeit, [[Gefälligkeit]], [[litterae]] officii plenae, Cic.: [[homo]] [[summo]] [[officio]] [[praeditus]], [[ein]] [[sehr]] gefälliger [[Mann]], Cic. – 2) die [[Gefälligkeit]], der [[Liebesdienst]], a) übh.: mea in te [[omnia]] summae necessitudinis officia constabunt, Cic.: illius in ullum ordinem officia, Cic.: alci [[officium]] negare [[non]] posse, Suet.: debere alci mutua officia, Plin. ep. – b) prägn. = α) die Höflichkeits- od. Ehrenbezeigung, Ehrfurchtsbezeigung, die [[man]] jmdm. [[bei]] öffentlichen Gelegenheiten ([[bei]] Sponsalien, Hochzeiten, [[bei]] Verleihung der männlichen [[Toga]], [[bei]] Testationen, Advokationen, Amtsbewerbung, [[Amtsantritt]]) [[durch]] Begleitung aufs [[Forum]] usw., [[Aufwartung]] im [[Haufe]] usw. erweist, der Ehrendienst, praetoris, urbani praetoris [[officium]], das beim [[Amtsantritt]] eines Prätors übliche Geleite, Plin. ep. u. Amm. (vgl. Valesius Amm. 26, 1, 1): frequentiam [[atque]] [[officium]] suum Antonio praestare, Hirt. b. G.: urbana officia alci praestare, Nep. u. Balb. in Cic. ep.: [[officium]] facere, Hor.: celebrare [[officium]] nuptiarum, der [[Hochzeitsfeier]] [[beiwohnen]], Suet.: exsequiarum [[officium]] implere, Iustin.: [[quae]] [[causa]] officii? nubit [[amicus]], Iuven.: [[officio]] togae [[virilis]] [[interfui]], habe der [[Zeremonie]], [[als]] [[jemand]] das männliche [[Kleid]] bekam, beigewohnt, Plin. ep.: relicto novorum consulum [[officio]], [[nachdem]] [[man]] die [[Aufwartung]] [[bei]] den neuen Konsuln [[abgebrochen]], Suet.: [[inter]] officia prosequentium, Suet.: remissis [[quattuor]] triremibus Massiliensibus, [[quae]] officii causā ab [[domo]] prosecutae erant, Liv.: [[suprema]] officia, der [[letzte]] [[Liebesdienst]] ([[durch]] [[Geleit]] der [[Leiche]]), Tac.: so [[auch]] off. [[triste]], Ov. – β) im obszönen Sinne, der [[Dienst]] = [[Beischlaf]] (vgl. Sen. exc. contr. 4. praef. § 10), [[saepe]] est experta [[puella]] [[officium]] totā [[nocte]] valere [[meum]], Prop.: [[ter]] [[Libas]] [[officio]] continuata [[meo]] est, ist [[dreimal]] [[nacheinander]] [[von]] mir bedient worden, Ov.: [[quae]] multas [[saepe]] hereditates [[officio]] aetatis extorserat, Petron. – 3) der [[Dienst]] = das [[Amt]], die [[Verrichtung]], das [[Geschäft]], die Amtsverrichtung, das Amtsgeschäft, a) eig. (griech. πραξις), maritimum, [[Seedienst]], Caes.: [[publicum]], Ggstz. privatum, Quint.: legationis, Caes.: [[officium]] militiaeque [[labor]], Ov.: [[officium]] admissionis, Suet.: officia palatina, kaiserl. Hofämter, Aur. Vict. epit. 14, 11. – officia civilia, öffentliche Geschäfte, Suet.: officia praetorum et consulum, Spart.: [[officium]] recipere, Sen.: [[officio]] distringi, Plin. ep. – [[quidam]] ex [[officio]] admissionis, [[einer]] vom Dienste der Anmeldung zur [[Audienz]] = [[ein]] Kammerherr, Suet. – b) meton., [[Beamte]], officiorum omnium milites, Lact. de mort. pers. 31, 3: officia palatina, kaiserl. [[Hofbeamte]], Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8 (vgl. no. a): cum [[officio]] et comitate angelorum, Tert. adv. Val. 16. – u. Gerichtsbeamte, Amtspersonal, ICt. | |georg=officium, iī, n. (viell. aus [[opificium]] [[mit]] veränderter [[Bedeutung]]), I) = καθηκον (s. Cic. ad Att. 16, 11, 4), die moralische [[Obliegenheit]], [[Pflicht]], [[Verpflichtung]], Verbindlichkeit, [[Schuldigkeit]], der [[Dienst]], der [[Beruf]] (in bürgerlichen u. gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen, [[wie]] die religiöse [[Pflicht]] [[debitum]], [[religio]]), A) im allg.: a) objekt.: [[esse]] in [[officio]], Cic., od. [[officium]] suum facere, Ter., od. servare, Cic., od. exsequi, Cic., od. [[officio]] fungi, Cic., od. [[officio]] satisfacere, Cic., seine [[Pflicht]] [[tun]], [[beobachten]], [[erfüllen]]: scribendi [[officium]] explere, Cic.: [[officium]] implere, Sulp. Sev.: hominis [[officium]] implere, Lact.: religionis [[officium]] implere, Sulp. Sev.: [[officium]] [[publicum]] implere, Plin. ep.: [[officium]] praestare, Caes., u. alci praestare, Caes. u.a.: officii duxit, hielt es [[für]] [[Pflicht]], Suet.: [[officium]] suum deserere [[oder]] ab [[officio]] discedere [[oder]] [[officio]] [[suo]] deesse, seine [[Pflicht]] aus den Augen [[setzen]], -[[nicht]] [[tun]], -[[nicht]] [[beobachten]], Cic.: cessare [[officio]], Liv., in [[officio]], Liv.: [[qua]] ex re intellegi [[facile]] potuit, nullum [[esse]] [[officium]] [[tam]] sanctum [[atque]] solemne, [[quod]] [[non]] [[avaritia]] comminuere [[atque]] violare soleat, Cic. – v. Tieren, [[canes]] funguntur [[officio]] luporum, den [[Beruf]], Cornif. rhet. – übtr., v. Lebl., [[neque]] [[pes]] [[neque]] [[mens]] [[satis]] suum [[officium]] facit, Ter. – b) subj.: α) das [[Pflichtgefühl]], Cic. Tusc. 4, 61; ep. 10, 1, 4. Nep. Att. 4, 2: imperatoris, Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 10: [[pudor]] [[atque]] [[officium]], Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 14. – β) die [[Pflichttreue]], Pflichtmäßigkeit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 39. – B) insbes., die [[Unterwürfigkeit]], der [[Gehorsam]] Besiegter, in [[officio]] [[esse]], Caes.: in [[officio]] continere, Caes.: [[officio]] assuefactus, Caes. – II) = jede pflichtmäßige [[Handlungsweise]] od. [[Handlung]], A) im allg.: nullā re [[tam]] laetari [[soleo]], [[quam]] meorum officiorum conscientiā, quibus si [[quando]] [[non]] [[mutue]] respondetur, [[apud]] me [[plus]] officii residēre [[facile]] [[patior]], Cic.: ignoscendi [[ratio]] quaeritur ex iis locis, si plura [[aut]] maiora officia [[quam]] maleficia videbuntur constare, Cornif. rhet. – B) insbes.: 1) die Dienstfertigkeit, Dienstbeflissenheit, Höflichkeit, [[Gefälligkeit]], [[litterae]] officii plenae, Cic.: [[homo]] [[summo]] [[officio]] [[praeditus]], [[ein]] [[sehr]] gefälliger [[Mann]], Cic. – 2) die [[Gefälligkeit]], der [[Liebesdienst]], a) übh.: mea in te [[omnia]] summae necessitudinis officia constabunt, Cic.: illius in ullum ordinem officia, Cic.: alci [[officium]] negare [[non]] posse, Suet.: debere alci mutua officia, Plin. ep. – b) prägn. = α) die Höflichkeits- od. Ehrenbezeigung, Ehrfurchtsbezeigung, die [[man]] jmdm. [[bei]] öffentlichen Gelegenheiten ([[bei]] Sponsalien, Hochzeiten, [[bei]] Verleihung der männlichen [[Toga]], [[bei]] Testationen, Advokationen, Amtsbewerbung, [[Amtsantritt]]) [[durch]] Begleitung aufs [[Forum]] usw., [[Aufwartung]] im [[Haufe]] usw. erweist, der Ehrendienst, praetoris, urbani praetoris [[officium]], das beim [[Amtsantritt]] eines Prätors übliche Geleite, Plin. ep. u. Amm. (vgl. Valesius Amm. 26, 1, 1): frequentiam [[atque]] [[officium]] suum Antonio praestare, Hirt. b. G.: urbana officia alci praestare, Nep. u. Balb. in Cic. ep.: [[officium]] facere, Hor.: celebrare [[officium]] nuptiarum, der [[Hochzeitsfeier]] [[beiwohnen]], Suet.: exsequiarum [[officium]] implere, Iustin.: [[quae]] [[causa]] officii? nubit [[amicus]], Iuven.: [[officio]] togae [[virilis]] [[interfui]], habe der [[Zeremonie]], [[als]] [[jemand]] das männliche [[Kleid]] bekam, beigewohnt, Plin. ep.: relicto novorum consulum [[officio]], [[nachdem]] [[man]] die [[Aufwartung]] [[bei]] den neuen Konsuln [[abgebrochen]], Suet.: [[inter]] officia prosequentium, Suet.: remissis [[quattuor]] triremibus Massiliensibus, [[quae]] officii causā ab [[domo]] prosecutae erant, Liv.: [[suprema]] officia, der [[letzte]] [[Liebesdienst]] ([[durch]] [[Geleit]] der [[Leiche]]), Tac.: so [[auch]] off. [[triste]], Ov. – β) im obszönen Sinne, der [[Dienst]] = [[Beischlaf]] (vgl. Sen. exc. contr. 4. praef. § 10), [[saepe]] est experta [[puella]] [[officium]] totā [[nocte]] valere [[meum]], Prop.: [[ter]] [[Libas]] [[officio]] continuata [[meo]] est, ist [[dreimal]] [[nacheinander]] [[von]] mir bedient worden, Ov.: [[quae]] multas [[saepe]] hereditates [[officio]] aetatis extorserat, Petron. – 3) der [[Dienst]] = das [[Amt]], die [[Verrichtung]], das [[Geschäft]], die Amtsverrichtung, das Amtsgeschäft, a) eig. (griech. πραξις), maritimum, [[Seedienst]], Caes.: [[publicum]], Ggstz. privatum, Quint.: legationis, Caes.: [[officium]] militiaeque [[labor]], Ov.: [[officium]] admissionis, Suet.: officia palatina, kaiserl. Hofämter, Aur. Vict. epit. 14, 11. – officia civilia, öffentliche Geschäfte, Suet.: officia praetorum et consulum, Spart.: [[officium]] recipere, Sen.: [[officio]] distringi, Plin. ep. – [[quidam]] ex [[officio]] admissionis, [[einer]] vom Dienste der Anmeldung zur [[Audienz]] = [[ein]] Kammerherr, Suet. – b) meton., [[Beamte]], officiorum omnium milites, Lact. de mort. pers. 31, 3: officia palatina, kaiserl. [[Hofbeamte]], Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8 (vgl. no. a): cum [[officio]] et comitate angelorum, Tert. adv. Val. 16. – u. Gerichtsbeamte, Amtspersonal, ICt. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{grml | ||
| | |mltxt=το (AM [[ὀφφίκιον]], Α και [[ὀφίκιον]])<br />([[ιδίως]] στους Βυζαντινούς) [[αξίωμα]], [[κατά]] [[κατηγορία]], διαφόρων εκκλησιαστικών, αυλικών, πολιτικών και στρατιωτικών αρχόντων της αυτοκρατορίας<br /><b>νεοελλ.</b><br />[[δημόσιο]] [[λειτούργημα]], [[δημόσιο]] [[αξίωμα]], [[τίτλος]], [[βαθμός]], τιμητική [[διάκριση]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> λατ. <i>officium</i> «[[υπηρεσία]]»]. | ||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=officium, ii. n. :: 本分。責任。情分。禮。恩。官。行淫。— tuum est 托汝分内。— liberi hominis 自主人事。Fungi supremo in eum officio 與其出殯。Summo officio praeditus 盡分之人。Singulari officio vir in rem publicam 于國家有出等功之人。Exprobrare officia 面斤爲忘恩。 Specie officii 裝逢迎人。Suprema officia 出殯。Officium defunctorum 爲亡人之經。 | |||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 21:10, 12 June 2024
Latin > English
officium offici(i) N N :: duty, obligation; kindness; service, office
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
offĭcĭum: ii, n. for opificium, opus and facio, qs. that which one does for another,
I a service, whether of free will or of (external or moral) necessity (class.; cf.: studium, beneficium, meritum, munus).
I A voluntary service, a kindness, favor, courtesy, rendered to one whose claim to it is recognized; while beneficium is a service rendered where there is no claim: officium esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.
A In gen.: altera sententia est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: nihil est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum officio vicini decidere, so as to do him a service, Col. 2, 14, 6: summo officio praeditus homo, exceedingly obliging, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —
B In partic.
1 A ceremonial observance, ceremony, attendance (on a festive or solemn occasion; mostly post-Aug.): officio togae virilis interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: sine solenni officio, Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo officio deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad officium venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto statim novorum consulum officio, id. Caes. 50: in officio salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans praeter navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: quod supremis in matrem officiis defuisset, at the payment of the last offices, at the funeral, Tac. A. 5, 2: officium cras Primo sole mihi peragendum in valle Quirini, a ceremonial visit, Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—
2 In mal. part., compliance, favor, Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. virile, Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: puerile, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—
II In gen., an obligatory service, an obligation, duty, function, part, office (so most freq. in prose and poetry of all periods): nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis neque forensibus neque domesticis in rebus, neque si tecum agas quid, neque, si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est honestas omnis et in neglegendo turpitudo, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum officium rectum opinor vocemus, quod Graeci κατόρθωμα: hoc autem commune καθῆκον vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, quia illi suum officium non colunt, quom tu tuum facis? Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66: meminisse officium suum, to remember one's duty, id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, subject., a sense of duty: si quis aegre ferat nihil in se esse virtutis, nihil officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: quicquid in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, utrum apud eos pudor atque officium an timor valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere, to do one's duty, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis, observe all the obligations of friendship, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: exsequi, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: fungi officio, id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: satisfacere officio, to perform, id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47: officium suum deserere, to disregard one's duty, not perform it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28: discedere ab officio, id. ib. 1, 10, 32: deesse officio suo, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1: officii duxit, considered it his duty, Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals: canes funguntur officiis luporum, act the part of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: officium corporis, the function or property of a body, Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—
B In partic.
1 Lit., an official duty, a service, employment, business (class.): toti officio maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta administrabat, naval service, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: celeriter equitatus ad cotidianum itineris officium revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis officio, id. ib. 3, 103: destringor officio, Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: officium (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—
2 Transf., an office, appointment (post-Aug.).
a Laboriosissimum et maximum, office, Plin. Pan. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, neque officio judicis, neque praetoris imperio neque legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex officio pro aliis interveniunt, by virtue of their office, ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—
b Transf., in concr.
(a) The officials or attendants on a magistrate = officialium corpus (post-class.): sub praetextu adventus officiorum vel militum, Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74: deponere aliquid apud officium, ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the imperial court, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—
(b) An office or court of a magistrate: ipse me Regulus convenit in praetoris officio, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
offĭcĭum,⁶ ĭī, n. (opificium),
1 service, fonction, devoirs d’une fonction [au titre officiel ou privé] : toti officio maritimo præpositus Cæs. C. 3, 5, 4, mis à la tête de tout le service maritime, ayant sur mer le commandement suprême ; confecto legationis officio Cæs. C. 3, 103, 4, s’étant acquitté des devoirs que comportait la fonction d’ambassadeur ; privati officii mandata habere ab aliquo ad aliquem Cæs. C. 1, 8, 2, tenir de qqn une mission privée pour qqn : consulum, senatus, imperatoris officium Cic. Att. 16, 14, 3, la fonction des consuls, du sénat, du général en chef ; scribæ Nep. Eum. 1, 5, les fonctions de secrétaire ; cotidianum itineris officium Cæs. C. 1, 80, 4, le service de marche journalier || primum oratoris officium est dicere ad persuadendum Cic. de Or. 1, 138, le premier devoir de l’orateur est de parler pour persuader ; tria oratoris officia Cic. Br. 197, les trois offices (devoirs) de l’orateur || [ép. impér.] charge, magistrature [comme munus, honor, magistratus ] Suet. Aug. 37 ; Tib. 42 ; etc.
2 serviabilité, obligeance, civilité, politesse : vi atque imperio adductus, non officio ac voluntate Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 153, déterminé par la violence et par un pouvoir souverain, mais non par le désir d’être aimable et par le bon vouloir, cf. Cic. Fam. 13, 21, 2 || [d’où] officia, bons offices, marques d’obligeance, services rendus : Cic. Br. 1 ; Mur. 7 ; Sulla 26 ; Phil. 13, 7 ; Fam. 2, 6, 1 ; 13, 45 ; 16, 4, 3, etc. ; in aliquem magna officia conferre Cic. Fam. 13, 21, 2, donner à qqn de grandes marques de prévenance || [en part.] a) bons offices, devoirs de l’amitié : veteri nostræ necessitudini jamdiu debitum... officium reddidi Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 1, je me suis acquitté de ma dette de bons offices à l’égard de notre ancienne liaison ; vereor ne desideres officium meum Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 1, j’ai peur que tu ne croies que je manque à tous mes devoirs, cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 1, etc. ; b) devoirs rendus, acte de présence dans une circonstance déterminée [mariage, funérailles, testament, etc.] : officio togæ virilis interfui Plin. Min. Ep. 1, 9, 2, j’ai assisté à la cérémonie d’une prise de toge virile (j’ai rendu mes devoirs dans une prise de toge virile), cf. Suet. Aug. 27 ; Nero 28, etc. ; suprema officia Tac. Ann. 5, 2, les derniers devoirs
3 devoir, obligation morale : Cic. Off. 1, 4, etc. || [défin. stoïcienne] v. Cic. Fin. 3, 20 ; 22, etc. || suum officium facere Ter. Ad. 69, faire son devoir ; in officio esse Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 5 ; officio fungi Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 3, accomplir son devoir ; omnia officia persequi Cic. Tusc. 2, 55, accomplir scrupuleusement tous les devoirs ; illud est in officio, ut... tribuamus Cic. Off. 1, 47, c’est un devoir pour nous d’accorder ; cumulata erant officia vitæ Cic. Tusc. 1, 109, il avait été satisfait amplement aux devoirs (aux obligations) de la vie || [en part.] : a) officia, les devoirs particuliers, communs [en oppos. avec le devoir en soi, le bien en soi] : hunc locum philosophi solent in officiis tractare Cic. Or. 72, cette question, les philosophes la traitent d’ordinaire à propos de la morale pratique ; b) sentiment du devoir : Cic. Tusc. 4, 61 ; Fam. 10, 1, 4 ; Verr. 2, 1, 137 ; Clu. 107 ; Nep. Att. 4, 2 ; Cæs. G. 1, 40, 14 ; c) fidélité au devoir, obéissance : in officio esse, manere ; aliquem in officio tenere, rester dans le devoir, maintenir qqn dans le devoir : Nep. Eum. 6, 4 ; Cæs. G. 5, 4, 2 ; ad officium redire Nep. Milt. 7, 1, rentrer dans le devoir.
Latin > German (Georges)
officium, iī, n. (viell. aus opificium mit veränderter Bedeutung), I) = καθηκον (s. Cic. ad Att. 16, 11, 4), die moralische Obliegenheit, Pflicht, Verpflichtung, Verbindlichkeit, Schuldigkeit, der Dienst, der Beruf (in bürgerlichen u. gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen, wie die religiöse Pflicht debitum, religio), A) im allg.: a) objekt.: esse in officio, Cic., od. officium suum facere, Ter., od. servare, Cic., od. exsequi, Cic., od. officio fungi, Cic., od. officio satisfacere, Cic., seine Pflicht tun, beobachten, erfüllen: scribendi officium explere, Cic.: officium implere, Sulp. Sev.: hominis officium implere, Lact.: religionis officium implere, Sulp. Sev.: officium publicum implere, Plin. ep.: officium praestare, Caes., u. alci praestare, Caes. u.a.: officii duxit, hielt es für Pflicht, Suet.: officium suum deserere oder ab officio discedere oder officio suo deesse, seine Pflicht aus den Augen setzen, -nicht tun, -nicht beobachten, Cic.: cessare officio, Liv., in officio, Liv.: qua ex re intellegi facile potuit, nullum esse officium tam sanctum atque solemne, quod non avaritia comminuere atque violare soleat, Cic. – v. Tieren, canes funguntur officio luporum, den Beruf, Cornif. rhet. – übtr., v. Lebl., neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit, Ter. – b) subj.: α) das Pflichtgefühl, Cic. Tusc. 4, 61; ep. 10, 1, 4. Nep. Att. 4, 2: imperatoris, Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 10: pudor atque officium, Caes. b. G. 1, 40, 14. – β) die Pflichttreue, Pflichtmäßigkeit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 39. – B) insbes., die Unterwürfigkeit, der Gehorsam Besiegter, in officio esse, Caes.: in officio continere, Caes.: officio assuefactus, Caes. – II) = jede pflichtmäßige Handlungsweise od. Handlung, A) im allg.: nullā re tam laetari soleo, quam meorum officiorum conscientiā, quibus si quando non mutue respondetur, apud me plus officii residēre facile patior, Cic.: ignoscendi ratio quaeritur ex iis locis, si plura aut maiora officia quam maleficia videbuntur constare, Cornif. rhet. – B) insbes.: 1) die Dienstfertigkeit, Dienstbeflissenheit, Höflichkeit, Gefälligkeit, litterae officii plenae, Cic.: homo summo officio praeditus, ein sehr gefälliger Mann, Cic. – 2) die Gefälligkeit, der Liebesdienst, a) übh.: mea in te omnia summae necessitudinis officia constabunt, Cic.: illius in ullum ordinem officia, Cic.: alci officium negare non posse, Suet.: debere alci mutua officia, Plin. ep. – b) prägn. = α) die Höflichkeits- od. Ehrenbezeigung, Ehrfurchtsbezeigung, die man jmdm. bei öffentlichen Gelegenheiten (bei Sponsalien, Hochzeiten, bei Verleihung der männlichen Toga, bei Testationen, Advokationen, Amtsbewerbung, Amtsantritt) durch Begleitung aufs Forum usw., Aufwartung im Haufe usw. erweist, der Ehrendienst, praetoris, urbani praetoris officium, das beim Amtsantritt eines Prätors übliche Geleite, Plin. ep. u. Amm. (vgl. Valesius Amm. 26, 1, 1): frequentiam atque officium suum Antonio praestare, Hirt. b. G.: urbana officia alci praestare, Nep. u. Balb. in Cic. ep.: officium facere, Hor.: celebrare officium nuptiarum, der Hochzeitsfeier beiwohnen, Suet.: exsequiarum officium implere, Iustin.: quae causa officii? nubit amicus, Iuven.: officio togae virilis interfui, habe der Zeremonie, als jemand das männliche Kleid bekam, beigewohnt, Plin. ep.: relicto novorum consulum officio, nachdem man die Aufwartung bei den neuen Konsuln abgebrochen, Suet.: inter officia prosequentium, Suet.: remissis quattuor triremibus Massiliensibus, quae officii causā ab domo prosecutae erant, Liv.: suprema officia, der letzte Liebesdienst (durch Geleit der Leiche), Tac.: so auch off. triste, Ov. – β) im obszönen Sinne, der Dienst = Beischlaf (vgl. Sen. exc. contr. 4. praef. § 10), saepe est experta puella officium totā nocte valere meum, Prop.: ter Libas officio continuata meo est, ist dreimal nacheinander von mir bedient worden, Ov.: quae multas saepe hereditates officio aetatis extorserat, Petron. – 3) der Dienst = das Amt, die Verrichtung, das Geschäft, die Amtsverrichtung, das Amtsgeschäft, a) eig. (griech. πραξις), maritimum, Seedienst, Caes.: publicum, Ggstz. privatum, Quint.: legationis, Caes.: officium militiaeque labor, Ov.: officium admissionis, Suet.: officia palatina, kaiserl. Hofämter, Aur. Vict. epit. 14, 11. – officia civilia, öffentliche Geschäfte, Suet.: officia praetorum et consulum, Spart.: officium recipere, Sen.: officio distringi, Plin. ep. – quidam ex officio admissionis, einer vom Dienste der Anmeldung zur Audienz = ein Kammerherr, Suet. – b) meton., Beamte, officiorum omnium milites, Lact. de mort. pers. 31, 3: officia palatina, kaiserl. Hofbeamte, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8 (vgl. no. a): cum officio et comitate angelorum, Tert. adv. Val. 16. – u. Gerichtsbeamte, Amtspersonal, ICt.
Greek Monolingual
το (AM ὀφφίκιον, Α και ὀφίκιον)
(ιδίως στους Βυζαντινούς) αξίωμα, κατά κατηγορία, διαφόρων εκκλησιαστικών, αυλικών, πολιτικών και στρατιωτικών αρχόντων της αυτοκρατορίας
νεοελλ.
δημόσιο λειτούργημα, δημόσιο αξίωμα, τίτλος, βαθμός, τιμητική διάκριση.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < λατ. officium «υπηρεσία»].
Latin > Chinese
officium, ii. n. :: 本分。責任。情分。禮。恩。官。行淫。— tuum est 托汝分内。— liberi hominis 自主人事。Fungi supremo in eum officio 與其出殯。Summo officio praeditus 盡分之人。Singulari officio vir in rem publicam 于國家有出等功之人。Exprobrare officia 面斤爲忘恩。 Specie officii 裝逢迎人。Suprema officia 出殯。Officium defunctorum 爲亡人之經。