μύωψ: Difference between revisions
νὺξ μὲν ἐμὸν κατέχει ζωῆς φάος ὑπνοδοτείρη → sleep-giving night hath quenched my light of life | sleep-giving night covers my light of life | night, the giver of sleep, holds the light of my life
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{{LSJ1 | {{LSJ1 | ||
|Full diacritics= | |Full diacritics=μῠ́ωψ | ||
|Medium diacritics=μύωψ | |Medium diacritics=μύωψ | ||
|Low diacritics=μύωψ | |Low diacritics=μύωψ | ||
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|Transliteration C=myops | |Transliteration C=myops | ||
|Beta Code=mu/wy | |Beta Code=mu/wy | ||
|Definition=ωπος, ὁ, ἡ, (μύω, ὤψ) < | |Definition=ωπος, ὁ, ἡ, ([[μύω]], [[ὤψ]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[closing the eyes]] or [[contracting the eyes]], as [[shortsighted]] [[people]] do, and so, [[shortsighted]], Arist.''Rh.''1413a4, ''Pr.''959a3, b38, Alex.Aphr.''Pr.''1.74.<br><span class="bld">II</span> as [[substantive]] μύωψ [ῠ, but ῡ Nic.''Th.''417, 736], ωπος, ὁ, [[horse-fly]], [[horsefly]], [[gadfly]], [[Tabanus]], ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''675; βοηλάτην μ. Id.''Supp.''307, cf. Pl.''Ap.''30e, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''528b31, 552a29, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[goad]], [[spur]], X.''Eq.''8.5; ἐν τοῖς μύωψι [[περιπατεῖν]] = to [[walk]] in [[spur]]s, [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Characters|Char.]]''21.8; [[προσθεῖναι]] τοὺς μ. Plb.11.18.4, cf. ''AP''5.202 (Asclep.); [[ox-goad]], [[βουσόος]] μ. Cerc.8.2, cf. Call.''Fr.''46, A.R.3.277.<br><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[stimulant]], [[incentive]], Luc.''Cal.''14, ''Am.''2; τινος [[to]] a thing, ῥόμβον θιάσοιο μ. ''AP''6.165 (Phal.); τὸν μύωπα [[ἐμβαλεῖν]] τινι Ach.Tat.7.4.<br><span class="bld">4</span> a [[plant]] growing in the [[Achelous]], Ps.-Plu. ''Fluv.''22.5.<br><span class="bld">5</span> the [[little finger]], [[pinky]], [[pinkie]] Sch.Opp.''H.''3.254. | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0225.png Seite 225]] ωπος, ὁ, 1) Pferde- u. Ochsenbremse; ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι χρισθεῖσα, Aesch. Prom. 678; [[βοηλάτης]], Suppl. 303; Arist. H. A. 1, 5 u. A. – 2) | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0225.png Seite 225]] ωπος, ὁ, 1) Pferde- u. Ochsenbremse; ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι χρισθεῖσα, Aesch. Prom. 678; [[βοηλάτης]], Suppl. 303; Arist. H. A. 1, 5 u. A. – 2)[[Stachel]], [[Sporn]], ἵππῳ δεομένῳ ἐγείρεσθαι ὑπὸ μύωπός τινος, Plat. Apol. 30 e; Xen. de re equ. 8, 5; Sp., κέντρα τ' [[ἐναιμήεντα]] διωξίπποιο μύωπος, Qu. Maec. 6 (VI, 233); Luc. Tox. 55; – übh. Antrieb, Anreiz, Luc. amor. 2; vgl. Iac. Ach. Tat. p. 884. – 3) als adj., die Augen schließend, blinzend, gew. [[kurzsichtig]], der nur in der Nähe deutlich sehen kann u., um Entfernteres zu sehen, die Augen etwas schließen muß, also von μύω, Arist. probl. 31, 16. 25 u. Folgde, bes. Medic. – [Nic. braucht υ in der ersten Bdtg auch lang, Th. 417. 736.] | ||
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{{bailly | |||
|btext=ωπος (ὁ) :<br />taon, mouche qui pique les chevaux et les bœufs, <i>insecte ; p. anal.</i> éperon <i>ou</i> aiguillon.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[μύω]], [[ὤψ]]. | |||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''μύωψ:''' ωπος adj. щурящий глаза, т. е. близорукий Arst.<br />ωπος ὁ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[овод]], [[слепень]] ([[ὀξύστομος]] Aesch.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[бодец]], [[стрекало]], [[шпора]]: ἐγείρεσθαι ὑπὸ μύωπος Plat. быть подгоняемым шпорой;<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[возбуждающая сила]] (''[[sc.]]'' τῶν ὀμμάτων Luc.);<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[миоп]] (неизвестное нам растение) Plut. | |||
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{{ls | |||
|lstext='''μύωψ''': -ωπος, ὁ, ἡ, (μύω, ὢψ) ὁ μύων, συστέλλων τὰ βλέφαρα [[ὅπως]] ἴδῃ τι, ὁ μὴ δυνάμενος νὰ ἴδῃ [[μακράν]], «κοντόφθαλμος», Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 3. 11, 12, Προβλ. 31. 16 καὶ 25· πρβλ. [[μυωπός]]. ΙΙ. οὐσ., [[μύωψ]], ωπος, ὁ, ἡ «ἀλογόμυιγα», «βῳδόμυιγα», Λατ. tabanus, οἶστρον, ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 675· βοηλάτην μύωπα κινητήριον Ἱκ. 307, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 30Ε, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 4. 4, 15., 5. 19, 21, κ. ἀλλ. 2) [[κέντρον]], [[πτερνιστήρ]], Ξεν. Ἱππ. 8, 5· ἐν τοῖς μύωψι περιπατεῖν, μὲ τοὺς πτερνιστῆρας, Θεοφρ. Χαρακτ. 21· [[βούκεντρον]], Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 203. 3) μεταφ., μύωπι διὰ τοῦ ὠτὸς τυπείς, ὡς διὰ μύωπος, Λουκ. π. Διαβολ. 14, Ἔρωτες 2· τινὸς Ἀνθ. Π. 6. 165, Ἰακώψ. εἰς Ἀχιλλ. Τάτ. σ. 884. 4) ὁ μικρὸς [[δάκτυλος]], παρὰ τῷ Schneid. Ἐκλ. Φυσ. 2. 447. 5) [[φυτόν]] τι, Ψευδο-Πλούτ. περὶ Ποταμ. 22. 5. [Ἐπὶ τῆς σημ. ΙΙ, ὁ Νικ. ἔχει ῡ, Θ. 417, 736.] | |||
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{{grml | |||
|mltxt=<b>(I)</b><br />ο (ΑΜ [[μύωψ]])<br /><b>βλ.</b> <i>μύωπας</i>.<br /> <b>(II)</b><br />[[μύωψ]], ὁ (ΑΜ)<br />[[είδος]] εντόμου από το οποίο ερεθίζονται τα άλογα και τα βόδια και τρέχουν, ο [[οίστρος]], η [[αλογόμυγα]], η βοϊδόμυγα («βοηλάτην [[μύωπα]] κινητήριον», <b>Αισχύλ.</b>)<br /><b>αρχ.</b><br /><b>1.</b> [[πτερνιστήρας]], [[κεντρί]], [[σπιρούνι]], με το οποίο ο [[ιππέας]] κεντά το [[άλογο]] για να τρέξει («προσθέντα τοὺς μύωπας βίᾳ τὸν ἵππον ἐπάγειν καὶ διαπερᾱν», Πολύβ.)<br /><b>2.</b> [[βουκέντρα]] («[[βουσόος]] [[μύωψ]]», Κερκ.)<br /><b>3.</b> ο [[μικρός]] [[δάκτυλος]]<br /><b>4.</b> [[φυτό]] το οποίο φυτρώνει [[κοντά]] στον ποταμό Αχελώο<br /><b>5.</b> <b>μτφ.</b> παρορμητικό [[μέσο]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Σύμφωνα με παλαιότερη [[άποψη]], ο τ. [[μύωψ]] <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>μυίωψ</i> (<span style="color: red;"><</span> [[μυῖα]] <span style="color: red;">+</span> -<i>ωψ</i>, -<i>ωπος</i> <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>ὤψ</i>, <i>ὠπός</i> «όψη, [[μάτι]]») «αυτός που έχει όψη μύγας, που μοιάζει με [[μύγα]]». Κατ' άλλους, η λ. συνδέεται με <i>μῦ</i>, [[μύζω]], λαμβάνοντας τη σημ. «[[έντομο]] που βομβίζει». Έχει διατυπωθεί, [[τέλος]], και η [[υπόθεση]] ότι η λ. δεν αποτελεί [[παρά]] παλαιότερη, μη μαρτυρημένη σημ. του [[μύωψ]] (Ι), που χρησιμοποιήθηκε αρχικά για να χαρακτηρίσει ένα [[είδος]] εντόμου που κλείνει τα μάτια, που δεν βλέπει καλά και [[μετά]] καθιερώθηκε ως [[ονομασία]] του εντόμου [[αυτού]] (για το [[επίθημα]] -<i>ωψ</i> του [[μύωψ]], [[πρβλ]]. [[κώνωψ]])]. | |||
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{{lsm | |||
|lsmtext='''μύωψ:''' -ωπος, ὁ, ἡ ([[μύω]], [[ὤψ]]),·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> αυτός που μισοκλείνει τα μάτια, όπως κάνουν οι άνθρωποι που έχουν [[μυωπία]], μύωπας, σε Αριστ.<br /><b class="num">II. 1.</b> ως ουσ., [[μύωψ]], <i>-ωπος</i>, <i>ὁ</i>, [[αλογόμυγα]] ή βοϊδόμυγα, Λατ. tabānus, σε Αισχύλ., Πλάτ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[βουκέντρα]], [[σπηρούνι]], σε Ξεν., Θεόφρ.· μεταφ., [[κίνητρο]], διεγερτικό, σε Λουκ., Ανθ. | |||
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{{etym | |||
|etymtx=1 <b class="b3">-ωπος</b><br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[goad]], [[spur; horse-fly]], also metaph. [[stimulant]] (A., Pl.. X., Arist.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">-ωπίζω</b> [[spurn]] (X., PLB.); <b class="b3">-ωπίζομαι</b> [[be stung by gad-fly]] (X., J.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Bq proposes <b class="b3">*μυί-ωψ</b> prop. "with the face of a fly, fly-like", which DELG calls doubtdul. After Prellwitz Glotta 16, 153 prop "Summling", from [[μυ]] in [[μύζω]] a.o., which is not better (DELG). One has also suggested a special use of [[μύωψ]] 2 (Gil Fernandez, Nombres de insectos 81-4), which is again not quite convincing. On the formation Schwyzer 426 n.4; on <b class="b3">-ωψ</b> cf. [[κώνωψ]] and Sommer Nominalkomposita 9 n. 2. The form [[κώνωψ]] rather points to a Pre-Greek word.<br />2 <b class="b3">-ωπος</b><br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[shortsighted]] (Arist.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">-ωπία</b> [[shortsightedness]] (s.v.), <b class="b3">-ωπίας</b> m. [[shortsighted man]] (Poll., Paul. Aeg.), <b class="b3">-ωπίασις</b> = <b class="b3">-ωπία</b> (Gal.; after the words for diseases in <b class="b3">-ίασις</b>, as from <b class="b3">*-ωπιάω</b>), <b class="b3">-ωπάζω</b> [[be shortsighted]] (2 Ep. Pet. 1, 9); besides them. <b class="b3">-ωπός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (X. Kyn.).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Prop. "with eyes that shut", from [[μύω]] and [[ὤψ]]. Cf. 1. [[μύωψ]] and [[μύω]]; on the accent Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 42. | |||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=μύ-ωψ, ωπος, [μύω, ὤψ]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> contracting the eyes, as shortsighted [[people]] do, shortsighted, Arist.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> as [[substantive]], the horsefly or [[gadfly]], Lat. [[tabanus]], Aesch., Plat.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> a [[good]], [[spur]], Xen., Theophr.:—metaph. a [[stimulant]], Luc., Anth. | |||
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{{FriskDe | |||
|ftr='''μύωψ''': 1. -ωπος<br />{múōps}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Bremse]], [[Sporn]], auch übertr. ‘Anreiz (A., Pl.. X., Arist. usw.)<br />'''Derivative''': mit -ωπίζω [[spornen]] (X., PLB. u.a.) -ωπίζομαι [[von Bremsen gestochen werden]] (X., J. u.a.).<br />'''Etymology''': Wohl mit Bq aus *μυίωψ eig. "mit Fliegengesicht, fliegenähnlich". Nach Prellwitz Glotta 16, 153 eig. "Summling", von μυ in [[μύζω]] u.a. Zur Bildung Schwyzer 426 A.4.<br />'''Page''' 2,282<br />2. -ωπος<br />{múōps}<br />'''Meaning''': [[kurzsichtig]] (Arist. u.a.)<br />'''Derivative''': mit -ωπία [[Kurzsichtigkeit]] (s.d.), -ωπίας m. [[kurzsichtiger Mensch]] (Poll., Paul. Aeg.), -ωπίασις = -ωπία (Gal.; nach den Krankheitsbez. auf -ίασις, wie von *-ωπιάω), -ωπάζω [[kurzsichtig sein]] (2 ''Ep''. ''Pet''. 1, 9); daneben them. -ωπός ib. (X. ''Kyn''.).<br />'''Etymology''': Eig "mit sich schließenden Augen", von [[μύω]] und ὤψ. vgl. 1. [[μύωψ]] und [[μύω]]; zum Akzent Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 42.<br />'''Page''' 2,282 | |||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=(=αὐτός πού κλείνει τά βλέφαρα γιά νά δεῖ, κοντόφθαλμος). Ἀπό τό [[μύω]] (=[[κλείνω]]) + ὤψ (=[[μάτι]]). Δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα στά ρήματα [[μύω]] καί ὁρῶ. | |||
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{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[botfly]]=== | |||
Assamese: ডাঁহ; Azerbaijani: gigovun, mozalan; Bashkir: күгәүен; Chinese Mandarin: 馬蠅, 马蝇; Danish: bremse, brems, hestebremse; Dutch: [[horzel]]; Finnish: kiiliäinen, saivartaja; French: [[œstre]]; Georgian: მაწუხელა, ბორა; German: [[Dasselfliege]], [[Biesfliege]]; Ancient Greek: [[οἶστρος]]; Hungarian: bagócslégy; Irish: boiteog; Japanese: ウマバエ, 馬蠅, 馬蝿, ヒツジバエ; Navajo: łį́į́ʼ bitsísʼná; Norman: bourdon à j'va; Norwegian: brems; Polish: giez; Portuguese: [[mosca-varejeira]]; Romanian: streche; Russian: [[овод]]; Serbo-Croatian: обад, obad; Southern Altai: кӧгӧн; Spanish: [[éstrido]]; Swedish: styngfluga; Udmurt: лузь; Ukrainian: овід; Welsh: robin y gyrrwr, crehyryn | |||
===[[horsefly]]=== | |||
Afrikaans: perdevlieg; Arabic: نُعَرَة; Archi: наӏкьу; Armenian: մոզ; Aromanian: davan, tãun, bumbar, streclji; Assamese: ডাঁহ; Asturian: tabánido; Avar: никӏкӏ; Azerbaijani: göyün; Bashkir: күгәүен; Basque: ezpara; Bavarian: Brejm; Belarusian: сляпень; Bengali: ঘোড়া মাছি; Breton: moui, mouienn, boui, bouienn; Bulgarian: конска муха; Catalan: tabànid; Cherokee: ᏓᎦᎦ, ᏓᎹᎦ; Chinese Cantonese: 虻; Mandarin: 虻; Czech: ovád; Danish: klæg; Dutch: [[daas]], [[brems]], [[paardevlieg]], [[paardenhorzel]]; Esperanto: tabano; Estonian: parm; Faroese: kleggi; Finnish: paarma; Franco-Provençal: tavan; French: [[taon]]; Friulian: tavan; Galician: moscardo, mosca caíña, tabardo, tabán; Gamilaraay: baanduu; Georgian: მაწუხელა; German: [[Bremse]]; Greek: [[αλογόμυγα]]; Ancient Greek: [[μύωψ]]; Hebrew: זְבוּב הַסּוּס; Hungarian: bögöly; Icelandic: kleggi; Ido: tabano; Indonesian: pikat; Irish: creabhar, creabhar capaill; Italian: [[tafano]]; Japanese: 虻; Kabyle: aggug; Kannada: ತೊಣಚೆ; Kazakh: сона; Korean: 등에; Kyrgyz: көгөөн; Latin: [[tabanus]]; Latvian: dundurs; Limburgish: sjeldaes, staekvleeg; Lithuanian: sparvos; Low German: Bau; Luxembourgish: Beel; Macedonian: коњска мува; Malay: pikat; Malayalam: പോന്ത; Mapun: pikot; Maranao: langaw; Mari Eastern Mari: пормо; Western Mari: пармы; Navajo: tłʼézhii, łį́į́ʼ bitsísʼná; Norman: taon; Norwegian Bokmål: klegg; Nynorsk: klegg; Occitan: tavan; Old Norse: kleggi; Ottoman Turkish: آت سینكی, بوكهلك; Persian: خرمگس; Polish: bąk; Portuguese: [[mutuca]], [[tavão]], [[moscardo]]; Quechua: tak'a; Romanian: tăun; Russian: [[слепень]]; Samogitian: bimbals; Scots: cleg; Scottish Gaelic: creithleag-nan-each; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̏ба̄д, ко̏њска му̀ва, ко̏њска му̀ха; Roman: ȍbād, kȍnjska mùva, kȍnjska mùha; Sicilian: tavana; Skolt Sami: puär; Slovak: ovad; Slovene: obad; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: slěpc, slěpik; Upper Sorbian: slěpc, slěpik; Southern Altai: кӧгӧн; Spanish: [[tábano]], [[tabánido]]; Sundanese: piteuk; Swahili: pange; Swedish: broms; Tagalog: bangaw, niknik; Tajik: хармагас, kӯрмагас; Telugu: జోరీగ; Thai: ฑังส, เหลือบ; Turkish: atsineği; Ukrainian: ґедзь; Uzbek Cyrillic: сўна; Roman: soʻna; Venetian: tavàn; Welsh: pryfyn y gweryd, robin y diawl gwyllt; Westrobothnian: brems; Yakut: күлүмэн | |||
===[[little finger]]=== | |||
Alabama: ilbochòosi; Arabic: خِنْصِر; Egyptian Arabic: خنصر; Aramaic: ܚܨܪܐ; Armenian: ճկույթ; Bashkir: сәтәкәй; Basque: atxiki; Belarusian: мязі́нец; Bikol Central: gigis; Breton: biz-bihan; Brunei Malay: jari kalingking; Bulgarian: кутре, малък пръ́ст, малешка; Burmese: လက်သန်း; Catalan: dit petit; Central Melanau: tujok ingeh; Chinese Cantonese: 小指, 手指尾, 尾指; Hakka: 手指尾; Mandarin: 小指, 小拇指, 小拇哥, 小手指, 尾指; Min Nan: 尾指, 尾指仔, 尾指指, 尾指指仔, 煞尾指, 尾指頭仔, 尾指头仔, 尾抅仔, 不吉; Classical Nahuatl: mahpiltōntli; Coptic: ⲥⲁⲗⲟⲩⲡⲓⲛ; Crimean Tatar: kiçik parmaq; Czech: malík, malíček; Danish: lillefinger; Dolgan: ылгын чөмүйэ; Dutch: [[pink]]; English: [[auricular]], [[digit V]], [[ear finger]], [[ear-finger]], [[fifth digit]], [[fourth finger]], [[little finger]], [[mercurial finger]], [[minimus]], [[pinkie]], [[pinkie finger]], [[pinky]], [[little finger]]; Esperanto: malgranda fingro, etfingro; Estonian: väike sõrm; Finnish: pikkusormi, pikkurilli; French: [[petit doigt]], [[auriculaire]]; Galician: maimiño, molecrín, velleco; Georgian: ნეკი, ნეკა თითი; German: [[kleiner Finger]]; Greek: [[μικρό δάκτυλο]], [[μικρό δάχτυλο]]; Ancient Greek: [[δακτύλιον]], [[δακτυλίς]], [[δακτυλίδιον]], [[μύωψ]], [[κακκόρ]], [[κασκός]]; Hebrew: זרת; Hindi: कानी उँगली, कानी, छिगुनी, कनिष्ठिका, कनिष्ठा; Hungarian: kisujj; Icelandic: litlifingur; Ido: mikrafingro, orelofingro; Ilocano: kikit; Indonesian: jari kelingking; Interlingua: digito auricular, auricular; Irish: méar bheag; Italian: [[mignolo]], [[dito mignolo]]; Japanese: 小指; Javanese: jenthik, klingking; Kazakh: шынашақ; Korean: 새끼손가락, 소지(小指); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تووتە; Northern Kurdish: qilîçk; Latin: [[digitulus]]; Laz: წულუ კითი; Limos Kalinga: pasengsengket; Macedonian: мал пр́ст; Malay: jari kelengkeng; Maltese: saba' żgħir; Manchu: ᡶᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡ; ᠰᡳᠮᡥᡠᠨ, ᡶᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡ; Maori: kōiti; Navajo: áláyáázh; Neapolitan: mignulìllo, dito piccerillo; Ngazidja Comorian: shaya sha ntsa; Nias: turu siakhi; Norman: p'tit dé, p'tit quérouin; Northern Sami: čelččen; Norwegian Bokmål: lillefinger; Nynorsk: veslefinger; Old English: lȳtel finger; Pitjantjatjara: maṟa ngaḻi; Polish: mały palec inan; Portuguese: [[dedo mínimo]], [[mínimo]], [[dedo auricular]]; mindinho, minguinho; Romanian: deget mic; Russian: [[мизинец]]; Scots: pinkie; Scottish Gaelic: lùdag, luad, corra-mheur, gilceag, lùidean, brideagaidh, cuisteag, lùdan; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мали прст, малић; Roman: mali prst, malić; Sindhi: چِيچَ; Slovak: malíček; Slovene: mezinec; Southern Kalinga: paiing; Spanish: [[dedo meñique]], [[meñique]]; Sundanese: cingir; Swahili: kidole cha mwisho; Swedish: lillfinger; Tagalog: kalingkingan, hinliliit; Thai: นิ้วก้อย; Tigrinya: ሕንጥሊቶ, ሕንጥል ሕንጥሊቶ; Turkish: serçe parmak, küçük parmak; Turkmen: külembike; Ukrainian: мізинець; Vietnamese: ngón út, ngón tay út; Volapük: rikül; Welsh: bys bach, clustfys; West Frisian: pink; Yakan: kingking; Yakut: ылгын-чыгыйа; Yup'ik: iqelquq | |||
===[[myopic]]=== | |||
Armenian: կարճատես; Catalan: miop, llosc; Czech: krátkozraký; Danish: nærsynet; Dutch: [[bijziend]]; Esperanto: miopa; Finnish: likinäköinen; French: [[myope]]; Galician: miope, pitoño, chosco; German: [[kurzsichtig]], [[myop]], [[myopisch]]; Greek: [[μυωπικός]]; Ancient Greek: [[μύωψ]]; Hungarian: rövidlátó; Irish: gearr-radharcach; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: şevkor; Macedonian: кратковид, кусоглед; Maori: kahurua, pōnakonako; Norwegian Bokmål: nærsynt; Nynorsk: nærsynt; Occitan: miòp; Polish: krótkowzroczny; Portuguese: [[míope]], [[miópico]]; Russian: [[близорукий]]; Slovak: krátkozraký; Spanish: [[miope]]; Swedish: närsynt; Turkish: miyop; Welsh: byr ei olwg, byr ei golwg, byr eu golwg | |||
===[[goad]]=== | |||
Arabic: مَنْخَس; Aramaic: זקתא; Armenian Old Armenian: գաւազան; Aromanian: strimburari; Belarusian: стракала; Bulgarian: остен, копраля; Catalan: agullada, tocadora, gullada; Czech: bodec; Dutch: [[staak]]; Finnish: tutkain; French: [[aiguillon]]; Galician: aguillada, aguillón; German: [[Stachelstock]]; Greek: [[βουκέντρα]]; Ancient Greek: [[κέντρον]]; Hebrew: מַלְמַד; Hungarian: ösztöke; Ido: pikobastono; Indonesian: gancu; Irish: brod; Italian: [[pungolo]]; Javanese: gancu; Kashubian: òsce; Kurdish Central Kurdish: نەقیزە; Northern Kurdish: misas; Latin: [[stimulus]]; Macedonian: остен; Malay: angkus; Malayalam: തോട്ടി, അങ്കുശം; Middle English: gode; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: стрѣкало; Persian: سک; Polish: oścień; Romanian: strămurare; Russian: [[прут]], [[стрекало]]; Sanskrit: अष्ट्रा; Scottish Gaelic: brod; Serbo-Croatian: badalo; Cyrillic: бадало; Roman: badalo; Spanish: [[picana]], [[puya]], [[aguijada]]; Thai: ประตัก, ปฏัก; Turkish: üvendire; Ukrainian: стрекало, стрікало; Urdu: آنکس | |||
===[[spur]]=== | |||
Albanian: mamuz; Arabic: مِهْمَاز; Armenian: խթան; Assamese: আল; Azerbaijani: mahmız; Belarusian: шпора, астрога; Bulgarian: шпора; Catalan: esperó; Chinese Mandarin: 馬刺, 马刺; Czech: ostruha; Danish: spore; Dutch: [[spoor]]; Esperanto: sprono; Estonian: kannus; Finnish: kannus; French: [[éperon]]; Galician: espora; German: [[Sporn]]; Greek: [[σπιρούνι]], [[σπηρούνι]], [[σπερούνι]], [[πτερνιστήρας]], [[φτερνιστήρας]], [[φτερνιστήρι]], [[πτερνιστήρ]]; Ancient Greek: [[κέντρον]], [[μύωψ]], [[πλῆκτρον]], [[πλᾶκτρον]]; Hebrew: דורבן / דָּרְבָּן; Hindi: महमेज़; Hungarian: sarkantyú; Irish: spor, brod; Italian: [[sperone]]; Japanese: 拍車; Kazakh: өкшелік; Khmer: ក្រចាប់; Korean: 박차; Kyrgyz: шпора; Latin: [[calcar]]; Macedonian: мамуза; Malay: pacu; Maori: kipa; Middle English: spore; Mongolian: түлхэц; Norwegian Bokmål: spore; Nynorsk: spore; Occitan: esperon; Pashto: مهميز; Persian: مهمیز, اسب انگیز; Polish: ostroga; Portuguese: [[espora]]; Romanian: pinten; Russian: [[шпора]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мамуза, оструга; Roman: mamuza, ostruga; Slovak: ostroha; Slovene: ostroga; Spanish: [[espuela]]; Swedish: sporre; Tagalog: tari, espuwelas; Tajik: маҳмез; Tibetan: རྟིང་ལྕགས; Turkish: mahmuz; Ukrainian: острога, шпора; Urdu: مہمیز; Uzbek: shpora, mahmez; Welsh: sbardun, ysbardun | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:55, 18 September 2024
English (LSJ)
ωπος, ὁ, ἡ, (μύω, ὤψ)
A closing the eyes or contracting the eyes, as shortsighted people do, and so, shortsighted, Arist.Rh.1413a4, Pr.959a3, b38, Alex.Aphr.Pr.1.74.
II as substantive μύωψ [ῠ, but ῡ Nic.Th.417, 736], ωπος, ὁ, horse-fly, horsefly, gadfly, Tabanus, ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι A.Pr.675; βοηλάτην μ. Id.Supp.307, cf. Pl.Ap.30e, Arist.HA528b31, 552a29, al.
2 goad, spur, X.Eq.8.5; ἐν τοῖς μύωψι περιπατεῖν = to walk in spurs, Thphr. Char.21.8; προσθεῖναι τοὺς μ. Plb.11.18.4, cf. AP5.202 (Asclep.); ox-goad, βουσόος μ. Cerc.8.2, cf. Call.Fr.46, A.R.3.277.
3 metaph., stimulant, incentive, Luc.Cal.14, Am.2; τινος to a thing, ῥόμβον θιάσοιο μ. AP6.165 (Phal.); τὸν μύωπα ἐμβαλεῖν τινι Ach.Tat.7.4.
4 a plant growing in the Achelous, Ps.-Plu. Fluv.22.5.
5 the little finger, pinky, pinkie Sch.Opp.H.3.254.
German (Pape)
[Seite 225] ωπος, ὁ, 1) Pferde- u. Ochsenbremse; ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι χρισθεῖσα, Aesch. Prom. 678; βοηλάτης, Suppl. 303; Arist. H. A. 1, 5 u. A. – 2)Stachel, Sporn, ἵππῳ δεομένῳ ἐγείρεσθαι ὑπὸ μύωπός τινος, Plat. Apol. 30 e; Xen. de re equ. 8, 5; Sp., κέντρα τ' ἐναιμήεντα διωξίπποιο μύωπος, Qu. Maec. 6 (VI, 233); Luc. Tox. 55; – übh. Antrieb, Anreiz, Luc. amor. 2; vgl. Iac. Ach. Tat. p. 884. – 3) als adj., die Augen schließend, blinzend, gew. kurzsichtig, der nur in der Nähe deutlich sehen kann u., um Entfernteres zu sehen, die Augen etwas schließen muß, also von μύω, Arist. probl. 31, 16. 25 u. Folgde, bes. Medic. – [Nic. braucht υ in der ersten Bdtg auch lang, Th. 417. 736.]
French (Bailly abrégé)
ωπος (ὁ) :
taon, mouche qui pique les chevaux et les bœufs, insecte ; p. anal. éperon ou aiguillon.
Étymologie: μύω, ὤψ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
μύωψ: ωπος adj. щурящий глаза, т. е. близорукий Arst.
ωπος ὁ
1 овод, слепень (ὀξύστομος Aesch.);
2 бодец, стрекало, шпора: ἐγείρεσθαι ὑπὸ μύωπος Plat. быть подгоняемым шпорой;
3 возбуждающая сила (sc. τῶν ὀμμάτων Luc.);
4 миоп (неизвестное нам растение) Plut.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
μύωψ: -ωπος, ὁ, ἡ, (μύω, ὢψ) ὁ μύων, συστέλλων τὰ βλέφαρα ὅπως ἴδῃ τι, ὁ μὴ δυνάμενος νὰ ἴδῃ μακράν, «κοντόφθαλμος», Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 3. 11, 12, Προβλ. 31. 16 καὶ 25· πρβλ. μυωπός. ΙΙ. οὐσ., μύωψ, ωπος, ὁ, ἡ «ἀλογόμυιγα», «βῳδόμυιγα», Λατ. tabanus, οἶστρον, ὀξυστόμῳ μύωπι Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 675· βοηλάτην μύωπα κινητήριον Ἱκ. 307, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 30Ε, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 4. 4, 15., 5. 19, 21, κ. ἀλλ. 2) κέντρον, πτερνιστήρ, Ξεν. Ἱππ. 8, 5· ἐν τοῖς μύωψι περιπατεῖν, μὲ τοὺς πτερνιστῆρας, Θεοφρ. Χαρακτ. 21· βούκεντρον, Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 203. 3) μεταφ., μύωπι διὰ τοῦ ὠτὸς τυπείς, ὡς διὰ μύωπος, Λουκ. π. Διαβολ. 14, Ἔρωτες 2· τινὸς Ἀνθ. Π. 6. 165, Ἰακώψ. εἰς Ἀχιλλ. Τάτ. σ. 884. 4) ὁ μικρὸς δάκτυλος, παρὰ τῷ Schneid. Ἐκλ. Φυσ. 2. 447. 5) φυτόν τι, Ψευδο-Πλούτ. περὶ Ποταμ. 22. 5. [Ἐπὶ τῆς σημ. ΙΙ, ὁ Νικ. ἔχει ῡ, Θ. 417, 736.]
Greek Monolingual
(I)
ο (ΑΜ μύωψ)
βλ. μύωπας.
(II)
μύωψ, ὁ (ΑΜ)
είδος εντόμου από το οποίο ερεθίζονται τα άλογα και τα βόδια και τρέχουν, ο οίστρος, η αλογόμυγα, η βοϊδόμυγα («βοηλάτην μύωπα κινητήριον», Αισχύλ.)
αρχ.
1. πτερνιστήρας, κεντρί, σπιρούνι, με το οποίο ο ιππέας κεντά το άλογο για να τρέξει («προσθέντα τοὺς μύωπας βίᾳ τὸν ἵππον ἐπάγειν καὶ διαπερᾱν», Πολύβ.)
2. βουκέντρα («βουσόος μύωψ», Κερκ.)
3. ο μικρός δάκτυλος
4. φυτό το οποίο φυτρώνει κοντά στον ποταμό Αχελώο
5. μτφ. παρορμητικό μέσο.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Σύμφωνα με παλαιότερη άποψη, ο τ. μύωψ < μυίωψ (< μυῖα + -ωψ, -ωπος < ὤψ, ὠπός «όψη, μάτι») «αυτός που έχει όψη μύγας, που μοιάζει με μύγα». Κατ' άλλους, η λ. συνδέεται με μῦ, μύζω, λαμβάνοντας τη σημ. «έντομο που βομβίζει». Έχει διατυπωθεί, τέλος, και η υπόθεση ότι η λ. δεν αποτελεί παρά παλαιότερη, μη μαρτυρημένη σημ. του μύωψ (Ι), που χρησιμοποιήθηκε αρχικά για να χαρακτηρίσει ένα είδος εντόμου που κλείνει τα μάτια, που δεν βλέπει καλά και μετά καθιερώθηκε ως ονομασία του εντόμου αυτού (για το επίθημα -ωψ του μύωψ, πρβλ. κώνωψ)].
Greek Monotonic
μύωψ: -ωπος, ὁ, ἡ (μύω, ὤψ),·
I. αυτός που μισοκλείνει τα μάτια, όπως κάνουν οι άνθρωποι που έχουν μυωπία, μύωπας, σε Αριστ.
II. 1. ως ουσ., μύωψ, -ωπος, ὁ, αλογόμυγα ή βοϊδόμυγα, Λατ. tabānus, σε Αισχύλ., Πλάτ.
2. βουκέντρα, σπηρούνι, σε Ξεν., Θεόφρ.· μεταφ., κίνητρο, διεγερτικό, σε Λουκ., Ανθ.
Frisk Etymological English
1 -ωπος
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: goad, spur; horse-fly, also metaph. stimulant (A., Pl.. X., Arist.).
Derivatives: -ωπίζω spurn (X., PLB.); -ωπίζομαι be stung by gad-fly (X., J.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
Etymology: Bq proposes *μυί-ωψ prop. "with the face of a fly, fly-like", which DELG calls doubtdul. After Prellwitz Glotta 16, 153 prop "Summling", from μυ in μύζω a.o., which is not better (DELG). One has also suggested a special use of μύωψ 2 (Gil Fernandez, Nombres de insectos 81-4), which is again not quite convincing. On the formation Schwyzer 426 n.4; on -ωψ cf. κώνωψ and Sommer Nominalkomposita 9 n. 2. The form κώνωψ rather points to a Pre-Greek word.
2 -ωπος
Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: shortsighted (Arist.).
Derivatives: -ωπία shortsightedness (s.v.), -ωπίας m. shortsighted man (Poll., Paul. Aeg.), -ωπίασις = -ωπία (Gal.; after the words for diseases in -ίασις, as from *-ωπιάω), -ωπάζω be shortsighted (2 Ep. Pet. 1, 9); besides them. -ωπός id. (X. Kyn.).
Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]
Etymology: Prop. "with eyes that shut", from μύω and ὤψ. Cf. 1. μύωψ and μύω; on the accent Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 42.
Middle Liddell
μύ-ωψ, ωπος, [μύω, ὤψ]
I. contracting the eyes, as shortsighted people do, shortsighted, Arist.
II. as substantive, the horsefly or gadfly, Lat. tabanus, Aesch., Plat.
2. a good, spur, Xen., Theophr.:—metaph. a stimulant, Luc., Anth.
Frisk Etymology German
μύωψ: 1. -ωπος
{múōps}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Bremse, Sporn, auch übertr. ‘Anreiz (A., Pl.. X., Arist. usw.)
Derivative: mit -ωπίζω spornen (X., PLB. u.a.) -ωπίζομαι von Bremsen gestochen werden (X., J. u.a.).
Etymology: Wohl mit Bq aus *μυίωψ eig. "mit Fliegengesicht, fliegenähnlich". Nach Prellwitz Glotta 16, 153 eig. "Summling", von μυ in μύζω u.a. Zur Bildung Schwyzer 426 A.4.
Page 2,282
2. -ωπος
{múōps}
Meaning: kurzsichtig (Arist. u.a.)
Derivative: mit -ωπία Kurzsichtigkeit (s.d.), -ωπίας m. kurzsichtiger Mensch (Poll., Paul. Aeg.), -ωπίασις = -ωπία (Gal.; nach den Krankheitsbez. auf -ίασις, wie von *-ωπιάω), -ωπάζω kurzsichtig sein (2 Ep. Pet. 1, 9); daneben them. -ωπός ib. (X. Kyn.).
Etymology: Eig "mit sich schließenden Augen", von μύω und ὤψ. vgl. 1. μύωψ und μύω; zum Akzent Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 42.
Page 2,282
Mantoulidis Etymological
(=αὐτός πού κλείνει τά βλέφαρα γιά νά δεῖ, κοντόφθαλμος). Ἀπό τό μύω (=κλείνω) + ὤψ (=μάτι). Δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα στά ρήματα μύω καί ὁρῶ.
Translations
botfly
Assamese: ডাঁহ; Azerbaijani: gigovun, mozalan; Bashkir: күгәүен; Chinese Mandarin: 馬蠅, 马蝇; Danish: bremse, brems, hestebremse; Dutch: horzel; Finnish: kiiliäinen, saivartaja; French: œstre; Georgian: მაწუხელა, ბორა; German: Dasselfliege, Biesfliege; Ancient Greek: οἶστρος; Hungarian: bagócslégy; Irish: boiteog; Japanese: ウマバエ, 馬蠅, 馬蝿, ヒツジバエ; Navajo: łį́į́ʼ bitsísʼná; Norman: bourdon à j'va; Norwegian: brems; Polish: giez; Portuguese: mosca-varejeira; Romanian: streche; Russian: овод; Serbo-Croatian: обад, obad; Southern Altai: кӧгӧн; Spanish: éstrido; Swedish: styngfluga; Udmurt: лузь; Ukrainian: овід; Welsh: robin y gyrrwr, crehyryn
horsefly
Afrikaans: perdevlieg; Arabic: نُعَرَة; Archi: наӏкьу; Armenian: մոզ; Aromanian: davan, tãun, bumbar, streclji; Assamese: ডাঁহ; Asturian: tabánido; Avar: никӏкӏ; Azerbaijani: göyün; Bashkir: күгәүен; Basque: ezpara; Bavarian: Brejm; Belarusian: сляпень; Bengali: ঘোড়া মাছি; Breton: moui, mouienn, boui, bouienn; Bulgarian: конска муха; Catalan: tabànid; Cherokee: ᏓᎦᎦ, ᏓᎹᎦ; Chinese Cantonese: 虻; Mandarin: 虻; Czech: ovád; Danish: klæg; Dutch: daas, brems, paardevlieg, paardenhorzel; Esperanto: tabano; Estonian: parm; Faroese: kleggi; Finnish: paarma; Franco-Provençal: tavan; French: taon; Friulian: tavan; Galician: moscardo, mosca caíña, tabardo, tabán; Gamilaraay: baanduu; Georgian: მაწუხელა; German: Bremse; Greek: αλογόμυγα; Ancient Greek: μύωψ; Hebrew: זְבוּב הַסּוּס; Hungarian: bögöly; Icelandic: kleggi; Ido: tabano; Indonesian: pikat; Irish: creabhar, creabhar capaill; Italian: tafano; Japanese: 虻; Kabyle: aggug; Kannada: ತೊಣಚೆ; Kazakh: сона; Korean: 등에; Kyrgyz: көгөөн; Latin: tabanus; Latvian: dundurs; Limburgish: sjeldaes, staekvleeg; Lithuanian: sparvos; Low German: Bau; Luxembourgish: Beel; Macedonian: коњска мува; Malay: pikat; Malayalam: പോന്ത; Mapun: pikot; Maranao: langaw; Mari Eastern Mari: пормо; Western Mari: пармы; Navajo: tłʼézhii, łį́į́ʼ bitsísʼná; Norman: taon; Norwegian Bokmål: klegg; Nynorsk: klegg; Occitan: tavan; Old Norse: kleggi; Ottoman Turkish: آت سینكی, بوكهلك; Persian: خرمگس; Polish: bąk; Portuguese: mutuca, tavão, moscardo; Quechua: tak'a; Romanian: tăun; Russian: слепень; Samogitian: bimbals; Scots: cleg; Scottish Gaelic: creithleag-nan-each; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̏ба̄д, ко̏њска му̀ва, ко̏њска му̀ха; Roman: ȍbād, kȍnjska mùva, kȍnjska mùha; Sicilian: tavana; Skolt Sami: puär; Slovak: ovad; Slovene: obad; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: slěpc, slěpik; Upper Sorbian: slěpc, slěpik; Southern Altai: кӧгӧн; Spanish: tábano, tabánido; Sundanese: piteuk; Swahili: pange; Swedish: broms; Tagalog: bangaw, niknik; Tajik: хармагас, kӯрмагас; Telugu: జోరీగ; Thai: ฑังส, เหลือบ; Turkish: atsineği; Ukrainian: ґедзь; Uzbek Cyrillic: сўна; Roman: soʻna; Venetian: tavàn; Welsh: pryfyn y gweryd, robin y diawl gwyllt; Westrobothnian: brems; Yakut: күлүмэн
little finger
Alabama: ilbochòosi; Arabic: خِنْصِر; Egyptian Arabic: خنصر; Aramaic: ܚܨܪܐ; Armenian: ճկույթ; Bashkir: сәтәкәй; Basque: atxiki; Belarusian: мязі́нец; Bikol Central: gigis; Breton: biz-bihan; Brunei Malay: jari kalingking; Bulgarian: кутре, малък пръ́ст, малешка; Burmese: လက်သန်း; Catalan: dit petit; Central Melanau: tujok ingeh; Chinese Cantonese: 小指, 手指尾, 尾指; Hakka: 手指尾; Mandarin: 小指, 小拇指, 小拇哥, 小手指, 尾指; Min Nan: 尾指, 尾指仔, 尾指指, 尾指指仔, 煞尾指, 尾指頭仔, 尾指头仔, 尾抅仔, 不吉; Classical Nahuatl: mahpiltōntli; Coptic: ⲥⲁⲗⲟⲩⲡⲓⲛ; Crimean Tatar: kiçik parmaq; Czech: malík, malíček; Danish: lillefinger; Dolgan: ылгын чөмүйэ; Dutch: pink; English: auricular, digit V, ear finger, ear-finger, fifth digit, fourth finger, little finger, mercurial finger, minimus, pinkie, pinkie finger, pinky, little finger; Esperanto: malgranda fingro, etfingro; Estonian: väike sõrm; Finnish: pikkusormi, pikkurilli; French: petit doigt, auriculaire; Galician: maimiño, molecrín, velleco; Georgian: ნეკი, ნეკა თითი; German: kleiner Finger; Greek: μικρό δάκτυλο, μικρό δάχτυλο; Ancient Greek: δακτύλιον, δακτυλίς, δακτυλίδιον, μύωψ, κακκόρ, κασκός; Hebrew: זרת; Hindi: कानी उँगली, कानी, छिगुनी, कनिष्ठिका, कनिष्ठा; Hungarian: kisujj; Icelandic: litlifingur; Ido: mikrafingro, orelofingro; Ilocano: kikit; Indonesian: jari kelingking; Interlingua: digito auricular, auricular; Irish: méar bheag; Italian: mignolo, dito mignolo; Japanese: 小指; Javanese: jenthik, klingking; Kazakh: шынашақ; Korean: 새끼손가락, 소지(小指); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تووتە; Northern Kurdish: qilîçk; Latin: digitulus; Laz: წულუ კითი; Limos Kalinga: pasengsengket; Macedonian: мал пр́ст; Malay: jari kelengkeng; Maltese: saba' żgħir; Manchu: ᡶᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡ; ᠰᡳᠮᡥᡠᠨ, ᡶᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡ; Maori: kōiti; Navajo: áláyáázh; Neapolitan: mignulìllo, dito piccerillo; Ngazidja Comorian: shaya sha ntsa; Nias: turu siakhi; Norman: p'tit dé, p'tit quérouin; Northern Sami: čelččen; Norwegian Bokmål: lillefinger; Nynorsk: veslefinger; Old English: lȳtel finger; Pitjantjatjara: maṟa ngaḻi; Polish: mały palec inan; Portuguese: dedo mínimo, mínimo, dedo auricular; mindinho, minguinho; Romanian: deget mic; Russian: мизинец; Scots: pinkie; Scottish Gaelic: lùdag, luad, corra-mheur, gilceag, lùidean, brideagaidh, cuisteag, lùdan; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мали прст, малић; Roman: mali prst, malić; Sindhi: چِيچَ; Slovak: malíček; Slovene: mezinec; Southern Kalinga: paiing; Spanish: dedo meñique, meñique; Sundanese: cingir; Swahili: kidole cha mwisho; Swedish: lillfinger; Tagalog: kalingkingan, hinliliit; Thai: นิ้วก้อย; Tigrinya: ሕንጥሊቶ, ሕንጥል ሕንጥሊቶ; Turkish: serçe parmak, küçük parmak; Turkmen: külembike; Ukrainian: мізинець; Vietnamese: ngón út, ngón tay út; Volapük: rikül; Welsh: bys bach, clustfys; West Frisian: pink; Yakan: kingking; Yakut: ылгын-чыгыйа; Yup'ik: iqelquq
myopic
Armenian: կարճատես; Catalan: miop, llosc; Czech: krátkozraký; Danish: nærsynet; Dutch: bijziend; Esperanto: miopa; Finnish: likinäköinen; French: myope; Galician: miope, pitoño, chosco; German: kurzsichtig, myop, myopisch; Greek: μυωπικός; Ancient Greek: μύωψ; Hungarian: rövidlátó; Irish: gearr-radharcach; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: şevkor; Macedonian: кратковид, кусоглед; Maori: kahurua, pōnakonako; Norwegian Bokmål: nærsynt; Nynorsk: nærsynt; Occitan: miòp; Polish: krótkowzroczny; Portuguese: míope, miópico; Russian: близорукий; Slovak: krátkozraký; Spanish: miope; Swedish: närsynt; Turkish: miyop; Welsh: byr ei olwg, byr ei golwg, byr eu golwg
goad
Arabic: مَنْخَس; Aramaic: זקתא; Armenian Old Armenian: գաւազան; Aromanian: strimburari; Belarusian: стракала; Bulgarian: остен, копраля; Catalan: agullada, tocadora, gullada; Czech: bodec; Dutch: staak; Finnish: tutkain; French: aiguillon; Galician: aguillada, aguillón; German: Stachelstock; Greek: βουκέντρα; Ancient Greek: κέντρον; Hebrew: מַלְמַד; Hungarian: ösztöke; Ido: pikobastono; Indonesian: gancu; Irish: brod; Italian: pungolo; Javanese: gancu; Kashubian: òsce; Kurdish Central Kurdish: نەقیزە; Northern Kurdish: misas; Latin: stimulus; Macedonian: остен; Malay: angkus; Malayalam: തോട്ടി, അങ്കുശം; Middle English: gode; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: стрѣкало; Persian: سک; Polish: oścień; Romanian: strămurare; Russian: прут, стрекало; Sanskrit: अष्ट्रा; Scottish Gaelic: brod; Serbo-Croatian: badalo; Cyrillic: бадало; Roman: badalo; Spanish: picana, puya, aguijada; Thai: ประตัก, ปฏัก; Turkish: üvendire; Ukrainian: стрекало, стрікало; Urdu: آنکس
spur
Albanian: mamuz; Arabic: مِهْمَاز; Armenian: խթան; Assamese: আল; Azerbaijani: mahmız; Belarusian: шпора, астрога; Bulgarian: шпора; Catalan: esperó; Chinese Mandarin: 馬刺, 马刺; Czech: ostruha; Danish: spore; Dutch: spoor; Esperanto: sprono; Estonian: kannus; Finnish: kannus; French: éperon; Galician: espora; German: Sporn; Greek: σπιρούνι, σπηρούνι, σπερούνι, πτερνιστήρας, φτερνιστήρας, φτερνιστήρι, πτερνιστήρ; Ancient Greek: κέντρον, μύωψ, πλῆκτρον, πλᾶκτρον; Hebrew: דורבן / דָּרְבָּן; Hindi: महमेज़; Hungarian: sarkantyú; Irish: spor, brod; Italian: sperone; Japanese: 拍車; Kazakh: өкшелік; Khmer: ក្រចាប់; Korean: 박차; Kyrgyz: шпора; Latin: calcar; Macedonian: мамуза; Malay: pacu; Maori: kipa; Middle English: spore; Mongolian: түлхэц; Norwegian Bokmål: spore; Nynorsk: spore; Occitan: esperon; Pashto: مهميز; Persian: مهمیز, اسب انگیز; Polish: ostroga; Portuguese: espora; Romanian: pinten; Russian: шпора; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мамуза, оструга; Roman: mamuza, ostruga; Slovak: ostroha; Slovene: ostroga; Spanish: espuela; Swedish: sporre; Tagalog: tari, espuwelas; Tajik: маҳмез; Tibetan: རྟིང་ལྕགས; Turkish: mahmuz; Ukrainian: острога, шпора; Urdu: مہمیز; Uzbek: shpora, mahmez; Welsh: sbardun, ysbardun
