comprehendo

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

com-prĕhendo: (conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3,
I v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).
I Prop.
   A In gen.: quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est? Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92: (vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur, Cels. 4, 1 fin.: cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit, id. 7, 12, 1: mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum), Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46: morsu guttura, Luc. 4, 727: nuces modio, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3: naves, to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.: oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt, Cels. 7, 4, 3: comprehendunt utrumque et orant, Caes. B. G. 5, 31: ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago, Verg. A. 2, 794; cf. aures, Tib. 2, 5, 92: nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme, let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.: naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae, assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39: ignem, to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43; and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit, Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.: opera flammā comprehensa, Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and: avidis comprenditur ignibus agger, Ov. M. 9, 234: loca vallo, Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.: comprehensa aedificia, Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
   B In partic.
   1    To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend: aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere, Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20: tam capitalem hostem, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3: hominem, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14: nefarios duces, id. Cat. 3, 7, 16: Virginium, Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1: praesidium Punicum, id. 26, 14, 7: hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant, Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25: in fugā, id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease: comprehensus morbo, Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.: comprehensi pestiferā lue, id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon: aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt, Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin.—*
   b Of things, to intercept'-epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—
   2    To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime: fures, Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,
   b Transf. to the crime: nefandum adulterium, to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72: res ejus indicio, id. Clu. 16, 47.—
   3    Of plants, to take root; of a graft: cum comprehendit (surculus), Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so, in gen., Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—
   4    Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere: si mulier non comprehendit, etc., Cels. 5, 21 fin.—
   5    Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include: ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3: circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit, Curt. 6, 6, 24. —
   6    In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine: aliquid melle, Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—
   7    Of the range of a missile: quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo, Sil. 4, 102.—
   8    Of the reach of a surgical instrument: si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit, Cels. 8, 3 init.—
II Trop.
   A To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare): aliquid visu, Sil. 3, 408; and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices, Gell. 13, 30, 10.—
   B To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants;
v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6: omnes animo virtutes, id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64: animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus, id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.: omnia animis et cogitatione, id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136: aliquid mente, id. N. D. 3, 8, 21: aliquid memoriā, id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121: qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere, id. ib. 1, 22, 50: aliquid certis signis, Col. 6, 24, 3: aliquid experimentis assiduis, Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.: esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset, Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18: virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse, id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—
   C To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.: breviter paucis comprendere multa, Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.: breviter comprehensa sententia, Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91: comprehendam brevi, Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34: perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint, id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15: (Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat, id. Att. 12, 21, 1: ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam, id. Brut. 8, 34: in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa, Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1: emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt, Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.: ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus, Cic. Brut. 5, 19: aliquid dictis, Ov. M. 13, 160: quae si comprendere coner, id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —
   2    Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate: neque enim numero comprendere refert, Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.: numerum quorum comprendere non est, id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—
   D To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare; mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc., to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13: adulescentem humanitate tuā, id. Fam. 13, 15, 3: quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit, id. Planc. 19. 47.—
   E To shut in, include (late Lat.): spiritum in effigiem, Lact. 4, 8, 9: elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae, id. 2, 6, 1.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

comprĕhendō⁹ (comprendō), dī, sum, ĕre, tr.,
1 saisir ensemble : a) unir, lier : naves velut uno inter se vinculo comprendit Liv. 30, 10, 5, il maintient ensemble les vaisseaux comme attachés entre eux par un lien unique ; oras vulneris suturæ comprehendunt Cels. Med. 7, 4, 3, les sutures maintiennent unies les lèvres de la blessure ; medicamentum melle Scrib. Comp. 70 ; 88, envelopper de miel un médicament ; b) embrasser, enfermer : nuces modio comprehendere Varro R. 1, 7, 3, enfermer des noix dans un boisseau ; circuitus rupis triginta et duo stadia comprehendit Curt. 6, 6, 23, le pourtour du rocher embrasse un espace de trente-deux stades ; loca vallo Frontin. Strat. 2, 11, 7, entourer d’un retranchement ; quantum valet comprehendere lancea Sil. 4, 102, de la portée d’un trait || ignis robora comprehendit Virg. G. 2, 305, le feu embrasse le tronc ; comprehensa postea privata ædificia Liv. 26, 27, 3, [le feu] gagna ensuite (enveloppa) des maisons particulières || mais casæ celeriter ignem comprehenderunt Cæs. G. 5, 43, 2, les cabanes prirent feu promptement ; flammā comprensā Cæs. C. 3, 101, 4, le feu ayant pris, la flamme s’étant communiquée ; c) abs^t] c. concipere, concevoir, devenir enceinte : Cels. Med. 5, 21, 13 || prendre, s’enraciner [en parl. de plantes] : cum comprehendit ramus Varro R. 1, 40, quand la greffe a bien pris ; cf. Col. Rust. 3, 12
2 saisir, prendre : quid manibus opus est, si nihil comprehendendum est ? Cic. Nat. 1, 92, à quoi bon des mains, s’il n’y a rien à saisir ? || prendre par la main [en suppliant] : comprehendunt utrumque et orant ne... Cæs. G. 5, 31, 1, ils prennent les mains des deux généraux et les prient de ne pas... || prendre, appréhender, se saisir de : tam capitalem hostem Cic. Cat. 2, 3, se saisir d’un ennemi si redoutable (Cat. 3, 16 ; Cæs. G. 4, 27, 3, etc. ) || prendre, s’emparer de : redis equisque comprehensis Cæs. G. 6, 30, 2, les chars et les chevaux ayant été saisis ; aliis comprehensis collibus Cæs. C. 3, 46, 6, s’étant emparés d’autres collines || [arrestation d’une pers.] Liv. 3, 48 || surprendre, prendre sur le fait : nefandum adulterium Cic. Mil. 72, surprendre un adultère criminel (Clu. 47 ) ; in furto comprehensus Cæs. G. 6, 16, 5, surpris à voler
3 [fig.] entourer de (manifestations d’amitié, de bonté, etc.) : mihi gratum feceris, si hunc humanitate tua comprehenderis Cic. Fam. 13, 15, 3, tu m’obligeras, si tu le traites avec toute ta bonté ; omnibus officiis per se, per patrem totam Atinatem præfecturam comprehendit Cic. Planc. 47, il a entouré la préfecture entière d’Atina de toute sorte de bons offices par lui-même, par son père || mais comprehendere aliquem amicitia Cic. Cæl. 13, se faire un ami
4 embrasser par des mots, dans une formule, etc.] : rem verbis pluribus Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1, exprimer une chose en plus de mots ; breviter comprehensis sententiis Cic. Fin. 2, 20, en pensées brièvement exprimées || veterum rerum memoriam comprehendere Cic. Br. 19, embrasser l’histoire du passé ; quæ (adversa) si comprehendere coner Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 27, si j’essayais de les (ces malheurs) raconter tous || numero aliquid comprehendere Virg. G. 2, 104, exprimer qqch. par des chiffres, supputer
5 saisir par l’intelligence, embrasser par la pensée : aliquid animo Cic. de Or. 2, 136 ; mente Cic. Nat. 3, 21 ; cogitatione Cic. Tusc. 1, 50 || si opinionem jam vestris mentibus comprehendistis Cic. Clu. 6, si vous avez déjà embrassé (adopté) une opinion dans vos esprits ; aliquid memoria Cic. Tusc. 5, 121, enfermer qqch. dans sa mémoire, retenir qqch. || animo hæc tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus Cic. Ac. 2, 21, c’est par l’esprit que nous avons la compréhension de ces objets, non par les sens.