ob

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

ŏb: (old form obs, v. III.), prep. with acc. (in late Lat. also with the abl.:
I OB PERPETVO EIVS ERGA SE AMORE, Inscr. Orell. 106) [Osc. op; kindr. with Sanscr. api; Gr. ἐπί].
I Lit.
   A With verbs of motion, towards, to (only ante-class.): IS TERTHS DIEBVS OB PORTVM OBVAGVLATVM ITO, let him go before his house to summon him, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. portum, p. 233 Müll.: ob Romam legiones ducere, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 179 Müll. (Ann. v. 295 Vahl.); cf.: ob Troiam duxit, id. ib. p. 178 Müll. (Incert. libr. v. 5 Vahl.): cujus ob os Grai ora obvertebant sua, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39; and ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2 (Trag. Rel. p. 211 Rib.).—
   B With verbs of rest, about, before, in front of, over (in Cic.): follem sibi obstringit ob gulam, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 23: lanam ob oculum habere, id. Mil. 5, 37: ob oculos mihi caliginem obstitisse, before my eyes, id. ib. 2, 4, 51: mors ob oculos saepe versata est, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39; id. Sest. 21, 47: ignis qui est ob os offusus, id. Univ. 14.—
II Transf., to indicate the object or cause, on account of, for, because of, by reason of, etc.
   A In gen. (freq. and class.): etiam ob stultitiam tuam te tueris? do you still defend yourself with regard to your folly? Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 82: pretium ob stultitiam fero, Ter. And. 3, 5, 4; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 23: ob eam rem iratus, on that account, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 33: neu quid ob eam rem succenseat, id. ib. 4, 4, 39; Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 7: Mi. Ob eam rem? De. Ob eam, id. ib. 5. 9, 20: ob rem nullam, id. Hec. 5, 3, 2: hanc Epicurus rationem induxit ob eam rem, quod veritus est, ne, etc., Cic. Fat. 10, 23: ob eam causam, quod, etc., id. Rep. 1, 7, 12: quam ob causam venerant, id. de Or. 1, 7, 26: non solum ob eam causam fieri volui, quod, etc., id. Rep. 1, 21, 34: ob hanc causam, quod, id. ib. 2, 1, 3: nec ob aliam causam ullam, etc., id. Lael. 20, 74: ob meas injurias, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 85; cf.: quodnam ob facinus? id. ib. 5, 2, 3: ob peccatum hoc. id. ib. v. 37: ob malefacta haec, id. Ad. 2, 1, 46: ob illam injuriam, Cic. Rep. 2, 25, 46: ob aliquod emolumentum suum, id. Font. 8, 17: (eum) ac Troiam misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.): ob rem judicandam pecuniam adcipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78; id. Att. 1, 17, 8; id. Mur. 1, 1; id. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 119; Sall. J. 89, 2; Quint. 5, 10, 87: nec meliores ob eam scientiam nec beatiores esse possumus, on account of, for that knowledge, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 32: ob eam (amicitiam) summā fide servatam, id. Lael. 7, 25: is igitur dicitur ab Amulio ob labefactandi regni timorem, ad Tiberim exponi jussus esse, id. Rep. 2, 2, 4: unius ob iram Prodimur, Verg. A. 1, 251; cf.: saevae memorem Junonis ob iram, id. ib. 1, 4; cf. also: aut ob avaritiam aut miserā ambitione laborat, Hor. S. 1, 4, 26: barbarus eum quidam palam ob iram interfecti ab eo domini obtruncat, Liv. 21, 2, 6: non noxā neque ob metum, Tac. H. 2, 49: Germanicum mortem ob rem publicam obiisse, for the republic, id. A. 2, 83: cum quibus ob rem pecuniariam disceptabat, id. ib. 6, 5.—
   B In partic.
   1    In consideration of, in return for, instead of (mostly ante-class.): ob asinos ferre argentum, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 80; id. Ep. 5, 2, 38: quin arrhabonem a me accepisti ob mulierem? id. Rud. 3, 6, 23: ager oppositus est pignori Ob decem minas, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56: talentum magnum ob unam fabulam datum esse, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 11, 10 fin.: pecuniam ob absolvendum accipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78: pecuniam ob delicta dare, Tac. A. 14, 14.—
   2    Ob rem, like ex re (opp. frustra), to the purpose, with advantage, profitably, usefully (very rare): An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, Ter Phorm. 3, 2, 41: verum id frustra an ob rem faciam, in vostrā manu situm est, Sall. J. 31, 5.—
   3    Ob industriam, on purpose, intentionally, Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 6; 2, 3, 58 (id. ib. 2, 3, 60, de industriā); cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 14.—
   4    Quam ob rem, also written in one word, quamobrem, on which account, wherefore, therefore, hence, accordingly; a very freq. particle of transition, esp. in Cic.: quam ob rem id primum videamus, quatenus, etc., Cic. Lael. 11, 36: quam ob rem utrique nostrūm gratum admodum feceris, id. ib. 4, 16; 2, 10; 3, 12; 4, 15; id. Rep. 1, 5, 9; 1, 19, 32 et saep.—
   5    Ob id, ob hoc, ob haec, ob ea, ob quae, on that account, therefore (not ante-Aug.).
   a Ob id: ignaris hostibus et ob id quietis, Liv. 25, 35; 28, 2; Tac. A. 2, 66; 3, 75; 13, 5: ob id ipsum, Curt. 4, 16, 23.—
   b Ob hoc: ob hoc cum omnia neglecta apud hostes essent, Liv. 25, 37; Sen. Q. N. 7, 14, 4; Col. 7, 3, 21; cf.: ob hoc miserior, Sen. Ep. 98, 5. —
   c Ob haec: ob haec cum legatos mitti placuisset, Liv. 8, 23; 21, 50; 38, 34; Cels. 1 praef.—
   d Ob ea: ob ea consul Albinus senatum de foedere consulebat, Sall. J. 39, 2.—
   e Ob quae: ob quae posterum diem reus petivit, Tac. A. 2, 30 fin.; Suet. Ner. 13.—
III In composition, the b of ob remains unchanged before vowels and most consonants; only before p, f, c, g, is assimilation more common: oppeto, offero, occido, ogganio, etc.—An ancient form obs, analogous to abs, is implied in obs-olesco and os-tendo.—In signification, that of direction towards, or of existence at or before a thing is predominant, although it likewise gives to the simple verb the accessory notion of against: obicere, opponere, obrogare.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

ŏb,⁶ prép. avec acc.,
1 devant rare : [avec mouv^t] ob Romam legiones ducere Enn. Ann. 297, conduire les légions devant Rome, cf. Acc. d. Cic. Tusc. 3, 39 ; xii tab. 2, 3 || [sans mouv^t] ob gulam obstringere, v. obstringo ; ob oculos versari Cic. Sest. 47, se trouver devant les yeux ; cf. Pl. Mil. 1178 ; 1430
2 pour, à cause de : ob eam rem, ob eam causam, à cause de cela, pour cette raison : Cic. Fato 23 ; Rep. 1, 12, etc., v. quamobrem ; ob eam scientiam Cic. Rep. 1, 32, à cause de cette connaissance ; ob id ipsum quod, quia, Cic. Fin. 3, 63 ; Tusc. 1, 11, pour la raison précisément que ; ob amicitiam servatam Cic. Læl. 25, pour avoir conservé l’amitié ; ob hoc, ob id, ob hæc, à cause de cela : Liv. 25, 37 ; 25, 35 ; 21, 50
3 pour, en échange de : ob beneficium Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 137, en retour d’un bienfait ; pecuniam ob absolvendum accipere Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, recevoir de l’argent pour absoudre, cf. Pl. Epid. 703 ; Rud. 861 ; Ter. Phorm. 662 || [expression] ob rem, en retour d’un résultat réel, avec profit, utilement : Ter. Phorm. 526 ; Sall. J. 31, 5. en composition obs, souvent réduit à os (ostendo) || ob employé pour ad en composition d’après P. Fest. 201 || construit avec abl. et gén. à la décadence.

Latin > German (Georges)

ob, Praep. m. Acc. (altindisch api, zu, nach, griech. επί), I) im Raume, zur Angabe der Richtung, a) bei Verben der Bewegung = gegen... hin, nach... hin, nach... zu, nach, ob Romam legiones ducere, Enn. fr.: ob os ora sua obvertere, Enn.: ignis, qui est ob os offusus, Cic.; vgl. sufferre tergum ob iniuriam, Plaut. fr.: corvi quasi ob oculos imago constituta est, Augustin. – b) bei Verben der Ruhe = vor, über... hin, über, follem obstrinxit ob gulam, Plaut.: lanam ob oculum habere, Plaut.: ob oculos versari, Cic.: ob oculos mihi caliginem obstitisse, Plaut. – II) in anderen Verhältnissen: 1) zur Bezeichnung des Zweckes, Zieles, der Ursache, Veranlassung = um... willen, wegen, qui ob aliquod emolumentum suum cupidius aliquid dicere videntur, Cic.: ob rem iudicandam pecuniam accipere, Cic.: ob merita sua carus est, Sall.: unius ob iram prodimur, Verg.: ob eam iram, aus Unwillen darüber, Liv.: ob eam causam, Cic.: ob eas causas, Caes.: ob eam rem, quam ob rem, deswegen, Cic. u. Caes.: u. so quas ob res, Cornif. rhet.: ebenso ob ea, ob quae, Sall.: u. ob id, ob id ipsum, ob hoc, ob haec, Liv., Vell. u. Tac.: non ob aliud, aus keinem anderen Grunde, gerade deshalb, Curt.: ob industriam = de industria, Plaut.: ob metum, vor od. aus Furcht, Tac.: regi ignoti ob aetatem, infolge des usw., Curt. – 2) zur Bezeichnung des Entgeltes =zum Entgelt für, gegen, für, ob asinos ferre argentum, Plaut.: ager oppositus est pignori ob decem minas, Ter.: talentum magnum ob unam fabulam datum, C. Gracch. fr. – 3) ob rem, eig. einer Wirklichkeit, einem wirklichen Interesse gegenüber = im Interesse der Sache, mit Erfolg für die Sache (Ggstz. frustra), An. Non pudet vanitatis? Do. Minume, dum ob rem, Ter. Phorm. 526: id frustra an ob rem faciam, in vestra manu situm est, Sall. Iug. 31, 5. – / ob vos sacro als t. t. der alten Religionsspr. = vos obsecro, nach Fest. 190 (b), 2.