fatum: Difference between revisions
Κακὸν μέγιστον ἐν βροτοῖς ἀπληστία → Malumm est hominibus maximum immoderatio → Das größte Übel ist bei Menschen Völlerei
mNo edit summary |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=fatum fati N N :: [[utterance]], [[oracle]]; [[fate]], [[destiny]]; [[natural term of life]]; [[doom]], [[death]], [[calamity]] | |||
}} | |||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>fātum</b>: i (<br /><b>I</b> masc. [[fatus]] [[malus]] [[meus]], Petr. 42, 77), n. for II. A., [[that]] [[which]] is said, an [[utterance]].—Hence,<br /><b>I</b> Prop., a [[prophetic]] [[declaration]], [[oracle]], [[prediction]] ([[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].): [[neque]] me [[Apollo]] fatis fandis dementem invitam ciet, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 80 Vahl.): Lentulum sibi confirmasse ex fatis Sibyllinis haruspicumque responsis se, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 9: eo fatis quae Veientes scripta haberent, id. Div. 1, 44, 100: fatis, ominibus oraculisque portendere, Liv. 29, 10 fin. Drak. N. cr.: Siculisne resideret arvis Oblitus factorum, Verg. A. 5, 703.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., [[that]] [[which]] is ordained, desting, [[fate]]; the εἱμαρμένη or [[μοῖρα]] | |lshtext=<b>fātum</b>: i (<br /><b>I</b> masc. [[fatus]] [[malus]] [[meus]], Petr. 42, 77), n. for II. A., [[that]] [[which]] is said, an [[utterance]].—Hence,<br /><b>I</b> Prop., a [[prophetic]] [[declaration]], [[oracle]], [[prediction]] ([[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].): [[neque]] me [[Apollo]] fatis fandis dementem invitam ciet, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 80 Vahl.): Lentulum sibi confirmasse ex fatis Sibyllinis haruspicumque responsis se, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 9: eo fatis quae Veientes scripta haberent, id. Div. 1, 44, 100: fatis, ominibus oraculisque portendere, Liv. 29, 10 fin. Drak. N. cr.: Siculisne resideret arvis Oblitus factorum, Verg. A. 5, 703.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., [[that]] [[which]] is ordained, desting, [[fate]]; the εἱμαρμένη or [[μοῖρα]] of the Greeks (syn.: [[fortuna]], [[fors]], [[sors]], [[casus]]): nec ii, qui dicunt immutabilia esse, quae futura sint nec posse [[verum]] futurum convertere in falsum, fati necessitatem confirmant, sed verborum vim interpretantur. At qui introducunt causarum seriem sempiternam, ii mentem hominis voluntate libera spoliatam [[necessitate]] fati devinciunt, Cic. Fat. 9, 20 sq.; [[hence]] the [[philosophic]] [[use]] of the [[word]] to [[denote]] the [[eternal]], [[immutable]] [[law]] of [[nature]]: fieri omnia fato, [[ratio]] cogit fateri. Fatum [[autem]] id [[appello]], [[quod]] [[Graeci]] εἱμαρμένην, id est ordinem seriemque causarum, cum [[causa]] causae nexa rem ex se gignat, id. Div. 1, 55, 125 sq.; cf.: cum vos fato fieri dicatis omnia, [[quod]] [[autem]] [[semper]] ex omni aeternitate [[verum]] fuerit, id esse [[fatum]], id. N. D. 3, 6, 14; and: cum duae sententiae fuissent veterum philosophorum, una eorum, qui censerent omnia ita fato fieri, ut id [[fatum]] vim necessitatis afferret; in [[qua]] [[sententia]] [[Democritus]], [[Heraclitus]], [[Empedocles]], [[Aristoteles]] fuit: altera eorum, quibus viderentur [[sine]] ullo fato esse animorum [[motus]] voluntarii, id. Fat. 17, 39; cf. also: ex hoc genere causarum ex aeternitate pendentium [[fatum]] a Stoicis nectitur, id. Top. 15, 59; and: anile [[sane]] et plenum superstitionis fati [[nomen]] ipsum, id. Div. 2, 7, 19: si Daphitae [[fatum]] fuit ex equo cadere, id. Fat. 3, 5; cf. id. ib. 12, 28: cf.: [[neque]] si [[fatum]] fuerat, effugisset, id. Div. 2, 8, 20: ut praedici posset, [[quid]] cuique eventurum et quo [[quisque]] fato [[natus]] esset, id. ib. 1, 1, 2; [[quonam]] meo fato fieri dicam, ut, etc., id. Phil. 2, 1, 1: [[qua]] [[quidem]] in re singulari [[sum]] fato, I [[experience]] a [[remarkable]] [[fate]], Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 1: si [[quid]] mihi [[humanitus]] accidisset [[multa]] [[autem]] impendere videntur [[praeter]] naturam [[etiam]] praeterque [[fatum]], i. e. [[beyond]] the [[natural]] and appointed [[course]] of events, id. Phil. 1, 4, 10: [[quasi]] debita sibi fato dominatione, Suet. Aug. 19: [[persuasio]], cuncta fato agi, id. Tib. 69: [[nisi]] dii immortales omni ratione placati suo numine [[prope]] fata ipsa flexissent, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19: orte Saturno, [[tibi]] [[cura]] magni Caesaris fatis [[data]], Hor. C. 1, 12, 51: quo (Caesare) [[nihil]] majus meliusve terris Fata donavere bonique divi, id. ib. 4, 2, 38; id. Carm. Sec. 28: ut caneret [[fera]] [[Nereus]] Fata, id. C. 1, 15, 5; so, acerba, id. Epod. 7, 17: [[triste]], id. S. 1, 9, 29: caeca, id. C. 2, 13, 16: plebeium in [[circo]] positum est [[fatum]], the [[fate]] of the [[vulgar]], Juv. 6, 588: fata regunt homines, id. 9, 32; 12, 63.—With ut: qui hoc fato [[natus]] est, ut, etc., Cic. Mil. 11, 30: fuit hoc [[sive]] [[meum]] [[sive]] rei publicae [[fatum]], ut, etc., id. Balb. 26, 58.—With ne: eo fato se in iis terris collocatam esse arbitratur, ne, etc., Cic. Font. 16, 35.—<br /> <b>B</b> Esp.<br /> <b>1</b> Of the [[will]] or [[determination]] of the gods: heu stirpem invisam et fatis contraria nostris Fata Phrygum, Verg. A. 7, 293; 7, 50; cf. Non. 455, 25.—And also of [[that]] [[which]] determines the [[fate]] of a [[person]] or [[thing]]: Ilio tria fuisse audivi fata, quae [[illi]] forent [[exitio]]: [[signum]] ex arce si perisset; alterum, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 29; so, Herculis sagittae, quae [[fatum]] Trojae fuere, Just. 20, 1 fin.—Prov.: fata viam invenient, Verg. A. 3, 395; 10, 113.—Fāta, ōrum, n., personified as deities, the Fates, Prop. 4, 7, 51; Stat. Th. 8, 26; id. S. 5, 1, 259; Inscr. Orell. 1771 sq.—<br /> Bad [[fortune]], [[ill]] [[fate]], [[calamity]], [[mishap]]: [[dictum]] [[facete]] et [[contumeliose]] in Metellos antiquum Naevii est: Fato Metelli Romae fiunt consules, Pseudo Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29 (p. 140 ed. Orell.); and, alluding to this [[verse]]: hoc Verrem dicere aiebant, te (sc. Metellum) non fato, ut ceteros ex vestra [[familia]], sed [[opera]] sua consulem [[factum]], id. ib. 10, 29: quibus ego [[confido]] impendere [[fatum]] aliquod et poenas jamdiu improbitati, nequitiae ... debitas instare, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 11: exitii ac fati [[dies]], id. ib. 3, 7, 17: abditi in tabernaculis aut suum [[fatum]] querebantur aut, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1: [[quod]] si jam ([[quod]] dii [[omen]] avertant) [[fatum]] extremum rei publicae venit, Cic. Phil. 3, 14, 35: in [[illo]] [[paene]] fato rei publicae, id. Dom. 57, 145.— So,<br /> <b>b</b> Esp. freq. of [[death]]: sic Hortensii vox exstincta fato suo est, nostra [[publico]], id. Brut. 96, 328; cf.: nolite hunc maturius exstingui vulnere vestro [[quam]] suo fato, id. Cael. 32, 79; cf.: [[omen]] fati, id. Phil. 9, 4, 6; and: [[quia]] nec fato merita nec morte peribat, Verg. A. 4, 696: ferro, non fato [[moerus]] Argivum (i. e. [[Achilles]]) occidit, Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 10 Spald.: perfunctos jam fato = mortuos, Liv. 9, 1, 6; qui fato sunt functi, Quint. 3, 7, 10: fato cedere, Liv. 26, 13: fato concessit, Pl. [[Pan]]. 11, 3; for [[which]]: concedere in [[fatum]], Modestin. Dig. 34, 3, 20: fato obiit, died a [[natural]] [[death]], Tac. A. 6, 10: fato fungi, id. ib. 14, 12 fin.: [[ille]] (uxorem) functam fato respondet, id. ib. 11, 3: si me praeceperit [[fatum]], Curt. 9, 6; Quint. 6, 2, 33.—In this [[sense]] [[sometimes]] in the plur.: jamdudum peccas, si mea fata petis, Ov. H. 19, 118; Minotauri, Mel. 2, 7: mea fata, my [[ashes]], Prop. 1, 17, 11: sentiet [[vivus]] eam, quae [[post]] fata praestari [[magis]] solet, venerationem, Quint. 12, 17, 7: si me fata intercepissent, id. 6 praef. 1; cf.: ([[mater]]) acerbissimis rapta fatis, id. § 4; cf. the shades or spirits of the [[dead]]: cum fato jacentis, Mel. 2, 2.—<br /> <b>3</b> Concr., one [[who]] brings [[calamity]], a [[plague]]: duo [[illa]] rei publicae [[paene]] fata, Gabinium et Pisonem, Cic. Sest. 43, 93. | ||
}} | |||
{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>fātum</b>,⁷ ī, n. ([[fari]]),<br /><b>1</b> prédiction, oracle : fata Sibyllina Cic. Cat. 3, 9, les oracles sibyllins, cf. Cic. Div. 1, 100 ; Liv. 29, 10, 8<br /><b>2</b> le destin, la fatalité : Cic. Fato 20 ; Div. 1, 125 ; Nat. 3, 14 ; Top. 59 ; si [[fatum]] fuit classes interire Cic. Div. 2, 20, si le destin voulait que les flottes périssent ; [avec ut ] Virg. En. 2, 433 || destinée de qqn : si [[fatum]] [[tibi]] [[est]] convalescere Cic. Fato 28, s’il [[est]] dans ta destinée de te rétablir ; fuit [[hoc]] [[sive]] [[meum]] [[sive]] [[rei]] publicæ [[fatum]] ut Cic. Balbo 58, il était soit dans ma destinée soit dans celle de l’État que... ; [avec ne ] Cic. Font. 35 || arrêt, volonté des dieux : [[fatum]] [[divum]] Virg. En. 7, 50 ; fata deum Virg. En. 2, 54 || [personnif.] [[Fata]], les Parques, Prop. 4, 7, 51 ; Stat. S. 5, 1, 259, etc.<br /><b>3</b> destinée = temps fixé pour la vie : fato [[perfunctus]], [[functus]], qui a rempli sa destinée, mort : Liv. 9, 1, 6 ; Quint. 3, 7, 10 ; Tac. Ann. 14, 14 || destin, heure fatale, mort : [[omen]] fati Cic. Phil. 9, 9, présage de son destin, de sa mort, cf. Cic. Cæl. 79 ; Cat. 3, 17 ; Domo 145 ; fato cedere Liv. 26, 13, 17, céder au destin, mourir ; fato obire Tac. Ann. 6, 10, mourir<br /><b>4</b> destin funeste, malheur : Cic. Cat. 2, 11 || [fig.] [[duo]] [[illa]] [[rei]] publicæ pæne fata Cic. Sest. 93, ces deux êtres qui mirent l’État à deux doigts de sa perte.||destinée de qqn : si [[fatum]] [[tibi]] [[est]] convalescere Cic. Fato 28, s’il [[est]] dans ta destinée de te rétablir ; fuit [[hoc]] [[sive]] [[meum]] [[sive]] [[rei]] publicæ [[fatum]] ut Cic. Balbo 58, il était soit dans ma destinée soit dans celle de l’État que... ; [avec ne ] Cic. Font. 35||arrêt, volonté des dieux : [[fatum]] [[divum]] Virg. En. 7, 50 ; fata deum Virg. En. 2, 54| | |||
|[personnif.] [[Fata]], les Parques, Prop. 4, 7, 51 ; Stat. S. 5, 1, 259, etc.<br /><b>3</b> destinée=temps fixé pour la vie : fato [[perfunctus]], [[functus]], qui a rempli sa destinée, mort : Liv. 9, 1, 6 ; Quint. 3, 7, 10 ; Tac. Ann. 14, 14||destin, heure fatale, mort : [[omen]] fati Cic. Phil. 9, 9, présage de son destin, de sa mort, cf. Cic. Cæl. 79 ; Cat. 3, 17 ; Domo 145 ; fato cedere Liv. 26, 13, 17, céder au destin, mourir ; fato obire Tac. Ann. 6, 10, mourir<br /><b>4</b> destin funeste, malheur : Cic. Cat. 2, 11||[fig.] [[duo]] [[illa]] [[rei]] publicæ pæne fata Cic. Sest. 93, ces deux êtres qui mirent l’État à deux doigts de sa perte. | |||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=fātum, ī, n. ([[for]], [[fari]]), der [[Ausspruch]], I) der Götterspruch, der Weissagespruch, die [[Weissagung]], fata Sibyllina, Cic.: fata, [[quae]] Veientes scripta haberent, Cic.: fata implere, Liv. – II) prägn.: A) die [[durch]] das ewige [[Gesetz]] der [[Natur]] [[unwiderruflich]] festgesetzte [[Weltordnung]], Cic. de div. 1, 125. Sen. nat. qu. 2, 36, 1. – u. dah. B) das [[durch]] die unabänderliche [[Weltordnung]] vorherbestimmte, verhängte Lebensschicksal, Lebenslos der Menschen, die [[Bestimmung]], das [[Geschick]], die [[Schickung]], das [[Verhängnis]], griech. εἱμαρμένη u. μοιρα, 1) im allg.: fato rerum [[prudentia]] [[maior]], Verg.: [[omnia]] fato fieri, Cic.: [[sic]] erat in fatis, so stand es im [[Buche]] [[des]] Schicksals geschrieben, Ov. – [[fatum]] [[mihi]] instat [[triste]], Hor.: [[bona]] peractis iungite fata, Hor.: fatorum novorum exempla transi, Iuven.: Ilio tria fuisse fata, Plaut. – [[pro]] captu habent sua fata libelli, Ter. Maur. 1286. – alci [[fatum]] est m. folg. Infin., Cic. de fat. 5 u. 28. Sall. Cat. 47, 2: u. alcis [[fatum]] est m. Infin., Hyg. fab. 125. p. 108, 11 Schm.: sunt et mea [[contra]] fata [[mihi]] m. folg. Infin., Verg. Aen. 9, 137. – alcis od. alci [[fatum]] est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. de div. 2, 20 Hyg. fab. 54 in. – alci [[fatum]] est m. folg. ut u. Konj., Hyg. fab. 63 in.: fuit [[hoc]] [[sive]] [[meum]] [[sive]] [[rei]] publicae [[fatum]], ut etc., Cic. Balb. 58: si fata fuissent, ut caderem, Verg. Aen. 2, 433: fuit [[eius]] fati, ut etc., Capit. Ver. 8, 1: [[esse]] in fatis, ut etc., Suet. Vesp. 4, 5. – Zuw. v. dem verhängnisvollen [[Beschluß]], Willen der [[Gottheit]], [[sic]] fata [[Iovis]] poscunt, Verg.: [[huic]] fato divûm [[proles]] [[virilis]] nulla fuit, Verg. – meton., [[von]] dem, [[was]] jmds. [[Geschick]] [[bestimmt]], entscheidet, Plaut. Bacch. 953. Iustin. 20, 1, 16. – personif., [[Fata]], die Schicksalsgöttinnen, die Parzen, Prop. 4, 7, 51. Stat. silv. 5, 1, 259; Theb. 8, 26. Claud. in [[Ruf]]. 1, 176. Iuven. 10, 252. [[Fronto]] de nepot. amiss. p. 233, 7 N. Gell. 3, 16, 9. Fulg. myth. 1, 7. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 3727. Vgl. Preller Röm. Mythol.<sup>3</sup> 2, 194. – 2) insbes.: a) die [[Bestimmung]] = das natürliche, bestimmte [[Lebensziel]], [[Zeit]] u. [[Stunde]], zum [[Sterben]], eintretender [[Tod]] (vgl. [[Krebs]]-Schmalz Antib.<sup>7</sup> 1, 582), [[omen]] fati, [[Ahnung]] seines Todes, Cic. Phil. 9, 9: maturius exstingui vulnere vestro [[quam]] fato [[suo]], Cic.: fato cedere, Liv., od. concedere, Plin. pan., aus dem [[Leben]] [[scheiden]], [[sterben]]: magnis concedere fatis, Val. Flacc.: in [[fatum]] concedere, ICt.: fato fungi, seine B. [[vollenden]], aus dem [[Leben]] [[scheiden]], [[sterben]], Val. Max. u. Quint.: u. so fato [[suo]] fungi, Ov.: fato perfungi, Liv. u. Tac.: so [[auch]] fato obire, Tac.: finem vitae [[sponte]] an fato implevit, Tac.: fata proferre, das [[Leben]] [[verlängern]], Verg. – meton., die [[Asche]] [[des]] verbrannten Leichnams, Prop. 1, 17, 11. – b) emphat., das [[Geschick]] = das [[Mißgeschick]], [[Verderben]], gewaltsamer [[Tod]], impendet [[fatum]] aliquod, Cic.: [[urbs]] ex faucibus fati erepta, Cic.: fata celerrima, Verg.: fata [[sera]], Hor.: – meton., [[wie]] [[Verderben]], v. [[Verderben]] bereitenden Personen, [[duo]] [[illa]] [[rei]] publicae [[paene]] fata ([[Gabinius]] et [[Piso]]), Cic. Sest. 93. – Nbf. [[fatus]], s. [[fatusno]]. II. | |||
}} | |||
{{esel | |||
|sltx=[[εἱμαρμένη]] | |||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=fatum, i. n. :: 天命。亡。不可免。言未來之書。 Fato functus 已亡。 Fato concedere 死亡。 | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[fate]]=== | |||
Albanian: gullmë, fat; Arbëreshë: psorë; Arabic: قِسْمَة, مَصِير, قَدَر, تَقْدِير; Hijazi Arabic: مَصِير, قَدَر, نَصيب, قِسْمَة; Armenian: ճակատագիր, բախտ; Aromanian: soarti, soarte, lahno, mirã, nãfãcã, scriatã, tihi, ursitã; Azerbaijani: qədər, bəxt, nəsib, tale; Bashkir: яҙмыш; Basque: halabehar; Belarusian: лёс, доля; Bengali: ভাগ্য, নসীব, নিয়তি; Bhojpuri: तकदीर, भाग्य; Breton: tonkadur; Bulgarian: съдба, участ, орис; Burmese: ကြမ္မာ; Carpathian Rusyn: судьба, доля, осуд; Catalan: destí, fat; Cherokee: ᎢᏳᏓᎵᏍᏓᏁᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: [[命運]], [[命运]], [[氣數]], [[气数]], [[宿命]], [[運命]], [[运命]]; Czech: osud, úděl; Dalmatian: suart; Danish: skæbne; Dutch: [[lot]], [[beschikking]]; Esperanto: sorto, destino, fatalo; Estonian: saatus; Faroese: lagna; Finnish: kohtalo; French: [[destin]], [[destinée]], [[sort]]; Friulian: fât, destìn, sorte; Galician: destino, sorte; Georgian: ბედი, ბედისწერა; German: [[Schicksal]], [[Los]], [[Geschick]]; Greek: [[μοίρα]], [[ειμαρμένη]], [[πεπρωμένο]], [[τύχη]], [[ριζικό]]; Ancient Greek: [[αἶσα]], [[μοῖρα]], [[μόρος]], [[πεπρωμένη]], [[πότμος]], [[τὸ μόρσιμον]], [[τὸ χρῆν]]; Gujarati: નસીબ, કિસ્મત, તકદીર, ભાગ્ય, મુકદ્દર, કરમ; Hebrew: מַזָּל, גּוֹרָל; Hindi: क़िस्मत, किस्मत, नसीब, तक़दीर, तकदीर, भाग्य, विधि, नियति, लेख, कर्म, करम, नसीब, मुक़द्दर, मुकद्दर, भाग; Hungarian: sors; Icelandic: örlög; Irish: cinniúint; Istriot: suorto; Italian: [[fato]], [[sorte]], [[destino]]; Japanese: 運命, 宿命; Kazakh: тағдыр, пешене, жазмыш; Khmer: កម្ម, គំនូស, ជោគវាសនា; Korean: 운명(運命), 숙명(宿命); Kurdish Central Kurdish: چارەنووس; Northern Kurdish: çarenivîs, qeder, qismet, nesîb; Kyrgyz: тагдыр; Lao: ກັມແລະເວນ, ກັມ, ກະເຍີມ; Latin: [[fatum]], [[sors]], [[fatus]], [[pars]]; Latvian: liktenis; Lithuanian: likimas; Macedonian: судбина; Malay: nasib, takdir; Malayalam: വിധി, തലയിലെഴുത്ത്; Mizo: khúarèl, khúaléng; Mongolian Cyrillic: хувь тавилан, хувь зохиол, хувь заяа, мөхөл, үхэл, заяа тавилан; Norman: destinné, sort; Norwegian Bokmål: skjebne; Nynorsk: lagnad; Occitan: sòrt; Old English: wyrd; Pashto: قسمت; Persian: سرنوشت, تقدیر, قسمت; Plautdietsch: Schikjsol; Polish: los, dola, przeznaczenie; Portuguese: [[destino]], [[fado]]; Punjabi Gurmukhi: ਲੇਖ, ਕ਼ਿਸਮਤ, ਤਕ਼ਦੀਰ; Shahmukhi: لیکھ, قِسْمَت, تَقْدِیر; Romanian: soartă, destin; Romansch: destin, sort; Russian: [[судьба]], [[доля]], [[участь]], [[рок]], [[удел]], [[фатум]]; Sanskrit: भाग्य, दैव, नियति, अदृष्ट; Sardinian: solte, solte, solti, sorti; Scots: weird; Scottish Gaelic: cinneamhain; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: у̀суд, су̏дбина, су̀дба; Roman: ùsud, sȕdbina, sùdba; Sicilian: fatu, distinu, sorti; Slovak: osud; Slovene: usoda; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: pśisud, pśisuźenje, kjabel; Spanish: [[destino]], [[azar]], [[hado]], [[fatum]], [[destinación]]; Swahili: majaliwa; Swedish: öde; Tagalog: tadhana; Tajik: сарнавишт, бахт, толеъ, насиба, оянда, қисмат; Tatar: язмыш; Thai: ดวง, โชคชะตา, พรหมลิขิต, กรรม, ชะตา; Tibetan: ལས, སྐལ་ལས, སྔོན་ལས; Turkish: alın yazısı, yazgı, kader, kısmet; Turkmen: takdyr, täleý, nesibe, ykbal; Ukrainian: доля, льос, талан; Urdu: قسمت, تقدیر, مقدر; Uyghur: تەقدىر; Uzbek: taqdir, nasiba, qismat; Venetan: sorte, sort, destìn; Vietnamese: số phận, số mạng, vận mệnh, túc mệnh; Welsh: tynged; Yakut: дьылҕа, төлкө, анал; Yiddish: גורל; Zazaki: qeder, qısmet, nasib, teqdir, nuşıte, suhud | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:51, 26 November 2024
Latin > English
fatum fati N N :: utterance, oracle; fate, destiny; natural term of life; doom, death, calamity
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
fātum: i (
I masc. fatus malus meus, Petr. 42, 77), n. for II. A., that which is said, an utterance.—Hence,
I Prop., a prophetic declaration, oracle, prediction (rare but class.): neque me Apollo fatis fandis dementem invitam ciet, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 80 Vahl.): Lentulum sibi confirmasse ex fatis Sibyllinis haruspicumque responsis se, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 9: eo fatis quae Veientes scripta haberent, id. Div. 1, 44, 100: fatis, ominibus oraculisque portendere, Liv. 29, 10 fin. Drak. N. cr.: Siculisne resideret arvis Oblitus factorum, Verg. A. 5, 703.—
II Transf.
A In gen., that which is ordained, desting, fate; the εἱμαρμένη or μοῖρα of the Greeks (syn.: fortuna, fors, sors, casus): nec ii, qui dicunt immutabilia esse, quae futura sint nec posse verum futurum convertere in falsum, fati necessitatem confirmant, sed verborum vim interpretantur. At qui introducunt causarum seriem sempiternam, ii mentem hominis voluntate libera spoliatam necessitate fati devinciunt, Cic. Fat. 9, 20 sq.; hence the philosophic use of the word to denote the eternal, immutable law of nature: fieri omnia fato, ratio cogit fateri. Fatum autem id appello, quod Graeci εἱμαρμένην, id est ordinem seriemque causarum, cum causa causae nexa rem ex se gignat, id. Div. 1, 55, 125 sq.; cf.: cum vos fato fieri dicatis omnia, quod autem semper ex omni aeternitate verum fuerit, id esse fatum, id. N. D. 3, 6, 14; and: cum duae sententiae fuissent veterum philosophorum, una eorum, qui censerent omnia ita fato fieri, ut id fatum vim necessitatis afferret; in qua sententia Democritus, Heraclitus, Empedocles, Aristoteles fuit: altera eorum, quibus viderentur sine ullo fato esse animorum motus voluntarii, id. Fat. 17, 39; cf. also: ex hoc genere causarum ex aeternitate pendentium fatum a Stoicis nectitur, id. Top. 15, 59; and: anile sane et plenum superstitionis fati nomen ipsum, id. Div. 2, 7, 19: si Daphitae fatum fuit ex equo cadere, id. Fat. 3, 5; cf. id. ib. 12, 28: cf.: neque si fatum fuerat, effugisset, id. Div. 2, 8, 20: ut praedici posset, quid cuique eventurum et quo quisque fato natus esset, id. ib. 1, 1, 2; quonam meo fato fieri dicam, ut, etc., id. Phil. 2, 1, 1: qua quidem in re singulari sum fato, I experience a remarkable fate, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 1: si quid mihi humanitus accidisset multa autem impendere videntur praeter naturam etiam praeterque fatum, i. e. beyond the natural and appointed course of events, id. Phil. 1, 4, 10: quasi debita sibi fato dominatione, Suet. Aug. 19: persuasio, cuncta fato agi, id. Tib. 69: nisi dii immortales omni ratione placati suo numine prope fata ipsa flexissent, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19: orte Saturno, tibi cura magni Caesaris fatis data, Hor. C. 1, 12, 51: quo (Caesare) nihil majus meliusve terris Fata donavere bonique divi, id. ib. 4, 2, 38; id. Carm. Sec. 28: ut caneret fera Nereus Fata, id. C. 1, 15, 5; so, acerba, id. Epod. 7, 17: triste, id. S. 1, 9, 29: caeca, id. C. 2, 13, 16: plebeium in circo positum est fatum, the fate of the vulgar, Juv. 6, 588: fata regunt homines, id. 9, 32; 12, 63.—With ut: qui hoc fato natus est, ut, etc., Cic. Mil. 11, 30: fuit hoc sive meum sive rei publicae fatum, ut, etc., id. Balb. 26, 58.—With ne: eo fato se in iis terris collocatam esse arbitratur, ne, etc., Cic. Font. 16, 35.—
B Esp.
1 Of the will or determination of the gods: heu stirpem invisam et fatis contraria nostris Fata Phrygum, Verg. A. 7, 293; 7, 50; cf. Non. 455, 25.—And also of that which determines the fate of a person or thing: Ilio tria fuisse audivi fata, quae illi forent exitio: signum ex arce si perisset; alterum, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 29; so, Herculis sagittae, quae fatum Trojae fuere, Just. 20, 1 fin.—Prov.: fata viam invenient, Verg. A. 3, 395; 10, 113.—Fāta, ōrum, n., personified as deities, the Fates, Prop. 4, 7, 51; Stat. Th. 8, 26; id. S. 5, 1, 259; Inscr. Orell. 1771 sq.—
Bad fortune, ill fate, calamity, mishap: dictum facete et contumeliose in Metellos antiquum Naevii est: Fato Metelli Romae fiunt consules, Pseudo Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29 (p. 140 ed. Orell.); and, alluding to this verse: hoc Verrem dicere aiebant, te (sc. Metellum) non fato, ut ceteros ex vestra familia, sed opera sua consulem factum, id. ib. 10, 29: quibus ego confido impendere fatum aliquod et poenas jamdiu improbitati, nequitiae ... debitas instare, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 11: exitii ac fati dies, id. ib. 3, 7, 17: abditi in tabernaculis aut suum fatum querebantur aut, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1: quod si jam (quod dii omen avertant) fatum extremum rei publicae venit, Cic. Phil. 3, 14, 35: in illo paene fato rei publicae, id. Dom. 57, 145.— So,
b Esp. freq. of death: sic Hortensii vox exstincta fato suo est, nostra publico, id. Brut. 96, 328; cf.: nolite hunc maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam suo fato, id. Cael. 32, 79; cf.: omen fati, id. Phil. 9, 4, 6; and: quia nec fato merita nec morte peribat, Verg. A. 4, 696: ferro, non fato moerus Argivum (i. e. Achilles) occidit, Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 10 Spald.: perfunctos jam fato = mortuos, Liv. 9, 1, 6; qui fato sunt functi, Quint. 3, 7, 10: fato cedere, Liv. 26, 13: fato concessit, Pl. Pan. 11, 3; for which: concedere in fatum, Modestin. Dig. 34, 3, 20: fato obiit, died a natural death, Tac. A. 6, 10: fato fungi, id. ib. 14, 12 fin.: ille (uxorem) functam fato respondet, id. ib. 11, 3: si me praeceperit fatum, Curt. 9, 6; Quint. 6, 2, 33.—In this sense sometimes in the plur.: jamdudum peccas, si mea fata petis, Ov. H. 19, 118; Minotauri, Mel. 2, 7: mea fata, my ashes, Prop. 1, 17, 11: sentiet vivus eam, quae post fata praestari magis solet, venerationem, Quint. 12, 17, 7: si me fata intercepissent, id. 6 praef. 1; cf.: (mater) acerbissimis rapta fatis, id. § 4; cf. the shades or spirits of the dead: cum fato jacentis, Mel. 2, 2.—
3 Concr., one who brings calamity, a plague: duo illa rei publicae paene fata, Gabinium et Pisonem, Cic. Sest. 43, 93.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
fātum,⁷ ī, n. (fari),
1 prédiction, oracle : fata Sibyllina Cic. Cat. 3, 9, les oracles sibyllins, cf. Cic. Div. 1, 100 ; Liv. 29, 10, 8
2 le destin, la fatalité : Cic. Fato 20 ; Div. 1, 125 ; Nat. 3, 14 ; Top. 59 ; si fatum fuit classes interire Cic. Div. 2, 20, si le destin voulait que les flottes périssent ; [avec ut ] Virg. En. 2, 433 || destinée de qqn : si fatum tibi est convalescere Cic. Fato 28, s’il est dans ta destinée de te rétablir ; fuit hoc sive meum sive rei publicæ fatum ut Cic. Balbo 58, il était soit dans ma destinée soit dans celle de l’État que... ; [avec ne ] Cic. Font. 35 || arrêt, volonté des dieux : fatum divum Virg. En. 7, 50 ; fata deum Virg. En. 2, 54 || [personnif.] Fata, les Parques, Prop. 4, 7, 51 ; Stat. S. 5, 1, 259, etc.
3 destinée = temps fixé pour la vie : fato perfunctus, functus, qui a rempli sa destinée, mort : Liv. 9, 1, 6 ; Quint. 3, 7, 10 ; Tac. Ann. 14, 14 || destin, heure fatale, mort : omen fati Cic. Phil. 9, 9, présage de son destin, de sa mort, cf. Cic. Cæl. 79 ; Cat. 3, 17 ; Domo 145 ; fato cedere Liv. 26, 13, 17, céder au destin, mourir ; fato obire Tac. Ann. 6, 10, mourir
4 destin funeste, malheur : Cic. Cat. 2, 11 || [fig.] duo illa rei publicæ pæne fata Cic. Sest. 93, ces deux êtres qui mirent l’État à deux doigts de sa perte.
Latin > German (Georges)
fātum, ī, n. (for, fari), der Ausspruch, I) der Götterspruch, der Weissagespruch, die Weissagung, fata Sibyllina, Cic.: fata, quae Veientes scripta haberent, Cic.: fata implere, Liv. – II) prägn.: A) die durch das ewige Gesetz der Natur unwiderruflich festgesetzte Weltordnung, Cic. de div. 1, 125. Sen. nat. qu. 2, 36, 1. – u. dah. B) das durch die unabänderliche Weltordnung vorherbestimmte, verhängte Lebensschicksal, Lebenslos der Menschen, die Bestimmung, das Geschick, die Schickung, das Verhängnis, griech. εἱμαρμένη u. μοιρα, 1) im allg.: fato rerum prudentia maior, Verg.: omnia fato fieri, Cic.: sic erat in fatis, so stand es im Buche des Schicksals geschrieben, Ov. – fatum mihi instat triste, Hor.: bona peractis iungite fata, Hor.: fatorum novorum exempla transi, Iuven.: Ilio tria fuisse fata, Plaut. – pro captu habent sua fata libelli, Ter. Maur. 1286. – alci fatum est m. folg. Infin., Cic. de fat. 5 u. 28. Sall. Cat. 47, 2: u. alcis fatum est m. Infin., Hyg. fab. 125. p. 108, 11 Schm.: sunt et mea contra fata mihi m. folg. Infin., Verg. Aen. 9, 137. – alcis od. alci fatum est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. de div. 2, 20 Hyg. fab. 54 in. – alci fatum est m. folg. ut u. Konj., Hyg. fab. 63 in.: fuit hoc sive meum sive rei publicae fatum, ut etc., Cic. Balb. 58: si fata fuissent, ut caderem, Verg. Aen. 2, 433: fuit eius fati, ut etc., Capit. Ver. 8, 1: esse in fatis, ut etc., Suet. Vesp. 4, 5. – Zuw. v. dem verhängnisvollen Beschluß, Willen der Gottheit, sic fata Iovis poscunt, Verg.: huic fato divûm proles virilis nulla fuit, Verg. – meton., von dem, was jmds. Geschick bestimmt, entscheidet, Plaut. Bacch. 953. Iustin. 20, 1, 16. – personif., Fata, die Schicksalsgöttinnen, die Parzen, Prop. 4, 7, 51. Stat. silv. 5, 1, 259; Theb. 8, 26. Claud. in Ruf. 1, 176. Iuven. 10, 252. Fronto de nepot. amiss. p. 233, 7 N. Gell. 3, 16, 9. Fulg. myth. 1, 7. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 3727. Vgl. Preller Röm. Mythol.3 2, 194. – 2) insbes.: a) die Bestimmung = das natürliche, bestimmte Lebensziel, Zeit u. Stunde, zum Sterben, eintretender Tod (vgl. Krebs-Schmalz Antib.7 1, 582), omen fati, Ahnung seines Todes, Cic. Phil. 9, 9: maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam fato suo, Cic.: fato cedere, Liv., od. concedere, Plin. pan., aus dem Leben scheiden, sterben: magnis concedere fatis, Val. Flacc.: in fatum concedere, ICt.: fato fungi, seine B. vollenden, aus dem Leben scheiden, sterben, Val. Max. u. Quint.: u. so fato suo fungi, Ov.: fato perfungi, Liv. u. Tac.: so auch fato obire, Tac.: finem vitae sponte an fato implevit, Tac.: fata proferre, das Leben verlängern, Verg. – meton., die Asche des verbrannten Leichnams, Prop. 1, 17, 11. – b) emphat., das Geschick = das Mißgeschick, Verderben, gewaltsamer Tod, impendet fatum aliquod, Cic.: urbs ex faucibus fati erepta, Cic.: fata celerrima, Verg.: fata sera, Hor.: – meton., wie Verderben, v. Verderben bereitenden Personen, duo illa rei publicae paene fata (Gabinius et Piso), Cic. Sest. 93. – Nbf. fatus, s. fatusno. II.
