ὑπόθεσις: Difference between revisions

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οὐκ ἔστι λύπης, ἄν περ ὀρθῶς τις σκοπῇ, ἄλγημα μεῖζον τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώπου φύσει → amongst the natural ills of man there is, if one but look at it aright, no greater pain than grief

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|Transliteration C=ypothesis
|Transliteration C=ypothesis
|Beta Code=u(po/qesis
|Beta Code=u(po/qesis
|Definition=εως, ἡ, (ὑποτίθημι, ὑποτίθεμαι) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[proposal]], [[proposed action]], τὴν ἐν φίλοις δικαιοτάτην ὑ. ἔχω ὑποτιθέναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.5.13</span>; ἵνα σὺ τὰ σαυτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ὑ. ὅπως ἂν βούλῃ περαίνῃς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>454c</span>; [[intention]], [[policy]], πολλὰ πρᾶξαι πρὸς τὴν ὑ. τῆς πατρίδος ὡς συχνῆς ἀδικίας δεομένην <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>136</span>; διὰ τὴν ὑ. τῆς πολιτείας . . ἠναγκάζετο χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὑπουργοῦσι <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Caes.</span>51</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὑ. τινα ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν</b> men good for a particular [[policy]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1293b4</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τῆς δημοκρατικῆς πολιτείας ἐλευθερία</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1317a40</span>; <b class="b3">ἡμῖν ἡ τῶν νόμων ὑ. ἐνταῦθα ἔβλεπεν, ὅπως</b> . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>743c</span>; περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν οὐχ ὁμοίως ἅπασι βουλευτέον, ἀλλ' ὡς ἂν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἕκαστοι τοῦ βίου ποιήσωνται τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.90</span>; τοῖς φαύλοις ἐνδέχεται τὰ τυχόντα πράττειν· εὐθὺς γὰρ τοῦ βίου τοιαύτην πεποίηνται τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.1.48</span>; ἀνάγκη τοῖς περὶ ὅλων τῶν πραγμάτων καλὰς τὰς ὑ. πεποιημένοις καὶ τὰ μέρη τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἔχειν ἐκείνοις <span class="bibl">Id.7.28</span>; πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ὑ. ἀποβλέποντες ἄμεινον βουλευσόμεθα καὶ περὶ τῶν ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Id.8.18</span>; ἐξέστητε τῆς ὑ. ἐφ' ἧς ὑμᾶς οἱ πρόγονοι κατέλιπον <span class="bibl">D.10.46</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑ. προεστῶτες</b> those who advocated the same [[policy]], <span class="bibl">Plb.30.32.12</span>; ἅπαντας ἀπονεύσειν ἐπ' ἐκείνην τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.24.9.7</span>; <b class="b3">Ἀχαϊκωτέραν εἶναι . . ταύτην τὴν ὑ. καὶ νικητικωτέραν ἐν τοῖς πολλοῖς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">4</span>; τὸ τῆς ἰδίας ὑ. λαμπρόν <span class="bibl">Id.21.23.1</span>; τὸ τῶν σαρισῶν μέγεθός ἐστι κατὰ μὲν τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. ἑκκαίδεκα πηχῶν, κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἁρμογὴν τὴν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν δεκατεττάρων <span class="bibl">Id.18.29.2</span>; τηροῦντες τὴν αὑτῶν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.5.5.5</span>; πρὸς ταύτην ἁρμοζόμενοι τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.3.16.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.50.7</span>; <b class="b3">κατασκέψασθαι τὴν τῶν ὑπεναντίων ἐπίνοιαν καὶ τὴν ὅλην ὑ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">6</span>; Φάβιος . . κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. οὐδαμῶς κρίνων ἐκκυβεύειν οὐδὲ παραβάλλεσθαι τοῖς ὅλοις <span class="bibl">Id.3.94.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[suggestion]], [[advice]], ἐδώκαμεν ἄν σοι ὑποθέσεις δι' ὧν οἱ ἀντίδικοι ἂν οἴμωζον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>57.7</span> (iii B. C.); διελέγοντο . . κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς τὰς Ἀράτου καὶ τὰς ὑ. <span class="bibl">Plb. 2.48.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.52.6</span>, <span class="bibl">4.24.2</span>; κροτηθείσης τῆς ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.28.16.5</span>; <b class="b3">πολυτέχνους ὑ. ἔργων</b> elaborate [[proposals]] for works, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[purpose]], τῆς στρατηγίας ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τυραννίδα πεποιημένος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tim.</span>2</span>; λόγῳ μὲν ἀποδώσων... ἑτέραν δὲ τῆς ἀποδημίας ἔχων ὑ. λανθάνουσαν τοὺς πολλούς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mar.</span>31</span>; ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς αἰτίας τῆς τε ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου ἀξιολογώτατος ἀγὼν συνηνέχθη <span class="bibl">D.C.41.56</span>; ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πρόφασιν διδόντων ἐλευθεροῦν τοὺς Ἕλληνας <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Flam.</span>15</span>; τὸ χωρὶς ὑποθέσεως πολεμεῖν . . τί ἄλλο ἢ μανία; <span class="bibl">D.Chr.38.17</span>; [οἱ ἐλέφαντες] ἴσασι τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὴν ὑ. . . εἶναι . . τοὺς ὀδόντας <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>6.56</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[occasion]], [[excuse]], [[pretext]], οὕτω γὰρ ἂν αὐτοῖς ἡ ἀπολογία προαναιροῖτο καὶ ἡ πρώτη ὑ. τῆς ἐθελοδουλείας <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Merc.Cond.</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">τοιαύτης αὐτοῖς τῆς ὑ. οὔσης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">10</span>; ἀεὶ χρὴ ἐπί τινι λυπεῖσθαι καὶ μὴ ἄνευ ὑ. Artem. <span class="bibl">2.60</span>; ὑ. ἀργυρισμοῦ καὶ φόνων εἰληφέναι ἐδόκει <span class="bibl">D.C.63.26</span>; μή με νομίσῃς ἀπὸ τῆς παρούσης ὑ. ἀπαρτᾶν τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">Id.52.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> actor's [[role]], τοὺς ὑποκριτὰς . . οὓς ὁρῶμεν οὔτε κλαίοντας ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις, ὡς αὐτοὶ θέλουσιν, ἀλλ' ὡς ὁ ἀγὼν ἀπαιτεῖ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>22</span>; ὶδεῖν τί μου ποιεῖ ὁ ἀθλητής, πῶς μελετᾷ τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.29.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">41</span>; τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τῆς μητρὸς ὑ. λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>8.39</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">function, occupation, station in life</b>, [Διονύσιος] ἐκ σημοτικῆς καὶ ταπεινῆς ὑ. ὁρμηθείς <span class="bibl">Plb.15.35.2</span>; [Ἀγαθοκλῆς] ὁρμηθεὶς ἀπὸ τοιαύτης ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.12.15.7</span>; τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἄλλην βίου ὑ. εἰς τὸ φιλοσοφεῖν οὕτως ἐπιτήδειον ὡς ταύτην ἐν ᾗ νῦν ὢν τυγχάνεις <span class="bibl">M.Ant.11.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.1</span>, Paul. Aeg.<span class="bibl">3.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">practical problem</b>, κοινὴ ἡ ὑ. καὶ τῷ καθ' ἡμᾶς βίῳ πάνυ πολλή, βαλανείου κατασκευή <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>4</span>; ἡ μὲν οὖν ὑ. τοιαύτη <span class="bibl">Hero<span class="title">Aut.</span>21.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">subject proposed</b> (<b class="b2">to oneself or another</b>) <b class="b2">for discussion</b>, κελεῦσαι τὴν πρώτην ὑ. τοῦ πρώτου λόγου ἀναγνῶναι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Prm.</span>127d</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. ἐπανάγειν τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.6.13</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. πάλιν ἐπανελθεῖν <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.63</span>, cf. Gal.6.124; τὴν ὑ. περὶ ἧς βουλεύεσθε οὐχὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες <span class="bibl">D.3.1</span>; τοὺς δικαστὰς ἀπαγαγὼν ἀπὸ τῆς ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.19.242</span>; ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. μεῖναι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.76</span>; ἔξω τῆς ὑ. λέγειν <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.63</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.161</span>; μὴ πόρρω λίαν τῆς ὑ. ἀποπλανηθῶ <span class="bibl">Id.7.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.176</span>,190; ὅτ' ἔγραφον περὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.83</span>; περὶ [τῆς πόλεως] τὴν ὑ. ποιησάμενος <span class="bibl">Id.12.35</span>; τοῦ πράγματος ἐν κεφαλαίῳ . . δήλωσις, ἵνα γινώσκωσι περὶ ὧν ὁ λόγος παρακολουθῶσί τε τῇ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span> 1436a36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>415b</span>; ἡ ὑ. ἐλάττων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1404b15</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὑπόθεσιν λέγειν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">πρὸς ἀμφισβητοῦντα</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1391b13</span>; πολλὰ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. οἰκείως διαλεχθείς <span class="bibl">D.S.13.53</span>; <b class="b2">haec erat</b> <b class="b3">ὑ</b>., <b class="b2">de gravitate ordinis</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>1.14.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">case at law, lawsuit</b>, γράφει ὁ Μαιίστας εἰς τὴν ὑ. ταύτην <span class="title">IG</span>11(4).1299.29 (Delos, iii B. C.), cf. <span class="title">OGI</span>665.18,669.41 (both Egypt, i A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>237 vii 34</span>,<span class="bibl"> viii 22</span> (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">486.26</span> (ii A. D.); τὰ περὶ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. πεπραγμένα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLips.</span>34.18</span> (iv A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[subject]] of a poem or treatise, Zeno Stoic.1.23, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.2.1</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>3</span>, Longin. 38.2, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>42</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Charid.</span>14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pseudol.</span>5</span>, al.; of a picture, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Zeux.</span>5</span>,<span class="bibl">7</span>; of an impromptu declamation, ἐπειδὰν οἱ παρόντες ὑποβάλωσί τινας ὑ. καὶ ἀφορμὰς λόγου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span>18</span>; [[plot]], [[story]], μῦθοι καὶ ὑποθέσεις <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>2.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.5</span>, al., Arg.Men.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1235.113 (ii A. D.), Dicaearch. ap. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Artem.4.59</span>, Sch.S.<span class="title">Aj.Prooem.</span>, Arg.Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span> tit., etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[speech]], αἱ δικανικαὶ καὶ δημηγορικαὶ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Theon <span class="title">Prog.</span>1</span>; = [[ἐπίδειξις]] <span class="bibl">1.3</span>, <b class="b3">ἀρξαμένων</b> (v.l. [[-ῳ]]) τῆς ὑ. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">4 Ma.</span>1.12</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἀρετὰς ὅλην πληρούσας ὑ</b>. providing matter for a whole [[speech]], Chor.<span class="bibl">p.34B.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[speech]] or <b class="b2">subject of a speech in which the person, occasion, etc. are particularized</b>, opp. <b class="b3">θέσις</b> v. <span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">Aphth.<span class="title">Prog.</span> 13</span>, cf. Quint.<span class="title">Inst.</span>3.5.7. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> a kind of [[play]] or [[pantomime]], μῖμοί τινές εἰσιν ὧν τοὺς μὲν ὑποθέσεις τοὺς δὲ παίγνια καλοῦσιν Plu.2.712e; <b class="b3">μιμολωγοι η υποθησις εικυρα</b> (i. e. <b class="b3">μιμολόγοι· ἡ ὑπόθεσις Ἑκυρά</b>), i. e. 'theatrical performance: [[play]], the Hecyra', <span class="title">Ath.Mitt.</span>26.4 (inscr. on lamp, iii B. C.); <b class="b3">κλάειν ἤρξαντο πάντες καὶ μετέβαλε τὸ συμπόσιον εἰς σκυθρωπὴν ὑ</b>. into a [[tragedy]], <span class="bibl">Charito 4.3</span>; so perh. in <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nigr.</span>8</span>; of Aesop's [[fables]], χρῆται [τῇ ἀλώπεκι] ὁ Αἴσωπος διακόνῳ τῶν πλείστων ὑ. <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>1.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[supposition]], ἢ βούλεσθε . . ἀπ' ἐμαυτοῦ ἄρξωμαι καὶ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ὑ., περὶ τοῦ ἑνὸς αὐτοῦ ὑποθέμενος, εἴτε ἕν ἐστιν εἴτε μὴ ἕν, τί χρὴ συμβαίνειν; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>137b</span>; <b class="b3">αὕτη ἡ ὑ., εἰ ἓν μὴ ἔστιν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">160b</span>; <b class="b3">χρὴ . . μὴ μόνον εἰ ἔστιν ἕκαστον ὑποτιθέμενον σκοπεῖν τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἐκ τῆς ὑ., ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰ μὴ ἔστι τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὑποτίθεσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">135e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">136a</span>; [<b class="b3">σκοπεῖν] τί ἐφ' ἑκατέρας τῆς ὑ. συμβήσεται</b> ib. <span class="bibl">136b</span>; εἰ ὀρθὴ ἡ ὑ. ἦν, τὸ ψυχὴν ἁρμονίαν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>94b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">92d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>244c</span>; πρὸς μὲν τὴν ὑ. ὀρθῶς λέγουσιν, ὅλως δ' οὐκ ὀρθῶς <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Metaph.</span>1082b32</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὑποθέσεως σκοπεῖσθαι</b> examine by starting from an [[assumption]], of reasoning by analysis in geometry, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span> 86e</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν τὴν τέχνην ζητεύντων ἐξ ὑποθέσιος λόγων</b> arguments seeking to derive the (medical) art from an [[assumption]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>13</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. αὐτοὶ αὑτοῖς ὑποθέμενοι τῷ λόγῳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγοντες ἐπὶ ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τέχνην</b> ib. <span class="bibl">15</span>; χρῆσιν ἀρετῆς τελείαν, καὶ ταύτην οὐκ ἐξ ὑ. ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς· λέγω δ' ἐξ ὑ. τἀναγκαῖα, οἷον . . τιμωρίαι καὶ κολάσεις . . τὸ καλῶς ἀναγκαίως ἔχουσι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1332810</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ πολιτεία ἡ ἐξ ὑ.</b>( = [[ἡ δοθεῖσα]]) the constitution based on a [[presupposition]], ib. <span class="bibl">1288b28</span>; of currency, <b class="b3">ἓν δή τι δεῖ εἶναι, τοῦτο δ' ἐξ ὑ.· διὸ νόμισμα καλεῖται</b> according to a <b class="b2">presupposed convention</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1133b21</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">a29</span>-<span class="bibl">31</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">APr.</span>41a40</span>); of reductio ad impossibile, ἢ δεικτικῶς ἢ ἐξ ὑ. τοῦ δ' ἐξ ὑ. μέρος τὸ διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APr.</span>40b25</span>-<span class="bibl">6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">41a25</span>; δυνατοῦ δεξάμενον ὑπόθεσιν ἐπ' ἀδύνατον ἀπαχθῆναι <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.7.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Procl. <span class="title">in Euc.</span>pp.76,252</span> F.; <b class="b3">καθ' ὑπόθεσιν</b> by way of <b class="b2">supposition, 'let us suppose'</b>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1.95 S., <span class="title">Sign.</span>12, <span class="bibl">Cleom.1.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> = [[τὸ ὑποκείμενον]] (cf. ὑπόκειμαι <span class="bibl">11.8</span>), the [[presupposition]] of an action, <b class="b2">that which has been settled</b> before it begins, περὶ τοῦ τέλους οὐθεὶς βουλεύεται, ἀλλὰ τοῦτ' ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ καὶ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1227a8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">b30</span>; τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑ. ἀληθεῖς καὶ δικαίας εἶναι προσήκει <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span>; of a thing, [[that without which it cannot exist]] or <b class="b2">be what it is</b>, its [[essence]], <b class="b3">αὕτη</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τὸ στέλεχος</b>) οἷον ὑ. καὶ φύσις δένδρων <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.13.4</span> (cf. <b class="b3">οὐσία καὶ φύσις τοῦ δένδρου</b> ibid.); ἐπὶ τοῖς χυμοῖς μόνοις σηπομένοις ἔχοντος τὴν ὑ. ὅλου τοῦ νοσήματος, ὅπερ ἐστὶ πυρετώδους ὄντος Gal.18(2).299. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in the syllogism, the <b class="b2">preliminary statements of fact</b> (whether proved or not) from which inference starts, i. e. the premisses (προτάσεις) <b class="b3">, τῶν ἀποδείξεων αἱ ὑ</b>., equivalent to <b class="b3">ἀρχαί</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1013a16</span>; αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ λεγόμεναι ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APo.</span>81b15</span>; <b class="b3">ὅσα δέδεικται δι' ἐκείνων ὑποθέσεις ποιησάμενοι</b> taking as [[premisses]] (here) what has been proved in those other works, Gal.6.7, cf. 25,224; <b class="b3">ἴστω . . τῆς ὑγιεινῆς πραγματείας ἀνατρέπων τὴν ὑ</b>. ib.17; ὑπόθεσιν, αἴτησιν οὖσαν πράγματος εἰς κατασκευήν τινος <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>3.4</span>; λαμβάνειν ἀναποδείκτους ὑ. Plu.2.720f, cf. 721d; ἀναγκαῖον ἢ τὰς ὑ. εἶναι τὰς πρώτας ψευδεῖς, ἢ τὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν συμβαινόντων ἀποφάς εις <span class="bibl">Plb.1.15.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">assumption of existence</b> of any one of the fundamental objects of a particular science, ὁ ὁρισμὸς θέσις μέν ἐστι . . ὑ. δ' οὐκ ἔστι· τὸ γὰρ τί ἐστι μονὰς καὶ τὸ εἶναι μονάδα οὐ ταὐτόν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>72a23</span>; ἐν ταῖς πράξεσι τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα ἀρχή, ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς μαθηματικοῖς αἱ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1151a17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">starting-point</b>, ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. λαβεῖν τὸν λόγον τὴν εἰς ἑκάτερον μέρος ὁρμήν <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>27.130</span>; [[beginning]], <b class="b3">τὰς μὲν ἐλπίδας οὐ τελειοῖ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁ ὄνειρος</b>) <b class="b3">, τὰς δὲ ὑ. τῶν πραγμάτων ταῖς περιοχαῖς ὁμοίας ποιεῖ</b> (referring to a birth of twins which died), <span class="bibl">Artem.4.47</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">raw material</b>, τὴν δοθεῖσαν ὑ. εὐφυᾶ πρὸς ὑποδοχὴν γυμναστικῆς . . ἀμείνω ἀποφαίνειν Luc.<span class="title">Hist. Conscr.</span>35; οἵαν ὕλην καὶ ὑ. φεύγεις· . . μένε οὖν μέχρι ἐξοικειώσῃς σαυτῷ καὶ ταῦτα <span class="bibl">M.Ant.10.31</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[mortgage]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>97.1</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b2">placing under</b>, πτύγματος <span class="bibl">Sor.1.70a</span>; προσκεφαλαίου <span class="bibl">Id.2.86</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">thing placed under, base</b>, <b class="b3">τὰς ὑ</b>. (signf. <span class="bibl">111</span>) ποιούμενος οὐκ ἀρχὰς ἀλλὰ τῷ ὄντι ὑ., οἷον ἐπιβάσεις τε καὶ ὁρμάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>511b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.7.22</span>; in <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span> (v. supr. IV. 1) the <b class="b3">ἀρχαί</b> and <b class="b3">ὑποθέσεις</b> (i. e. basic principles) of actions are compared to the foundations (τὰ κάτωθεν) of a house or a ship; Τριπτόλεμος . . τὰς πρώτας ὑ. βαλόμενος τῇ πόλει <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>11.52</span>.</span>
|Definition=εως, ἡ, (ὑποτίθημι, ὑποτίθεμαι) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[proposal]], [[proposed action]], τὴν ἐν φίλοις δικαιοτάτην ὑ. ἔχω ὑποτιθέναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.5.13</span>; ἵνα σὺ τὰ σαυτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ὑ. ὅπως ἂν βούλῃ περαίνῃς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>454c</span>; [[intention]], [[policy]], πολλὰ πρᾶξαι πρὸς τὴν ὑ. τῆς πατρίδος ὡς συχνῆς ἀδικίας δεομένην <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>136</span>; διὰ τὴν ὑ. τῆς πολιτείας . . ἠναγκάζετο χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὑπουργοῦσι <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Caes.</span>51</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὑ. τινα ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν</b> men good for a particular [[policy]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1293b4</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τῆς δημοκρατικῆς πολιτείας ἐλευθερία</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1317a40</span>; <b class="b3">ἡμῖν ἡ τῶν νόμων ὑ. ἐνταῦθα ἔβλεπεν, ὅπως</b> . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>743c</span>; περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν οὐχ ὁμοίως ἅπασι βουλευτέον, ἀλλ' ὡς ἂν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἕκαστοι τοῦ βίου ποιήσωνται τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.90</span>; τοῖς φαύλοις ἐνδέχεται τὰ τυχόντα πράττειν· εὐθὺς γὰρ τοῦ βίου τοιαύτην πεποίηνται τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.1.48</span>; ἀνάγκη τοῖς περὶ ὅλων τῶν πραγμάτων καλὰς τὰς ὑ. πεποιημένοις καὶ τὰ μέρη τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἔχειν ἐκείνοις <span class="bibl">Id.7.28</span>; πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ὑ. ἀποβλέποντες ἄμεινον βουλευσόμεθα καὶ περὶ τῶν ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Id.8.18</span>; ἐξέστητε τῆς ὑ. ἐφ' ἧς ὑμᾶς οἱ πρόγονοι κατέλιπον <span class="bibl">D.10.46</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑ. προεστῶτες</b> those who advocated the same [[policy]], <span class="bibl">Plb.30.32.12</span>; ἅπαντας ἀπονεύσειν ἐπ' ἐκείνην τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.24.9.7</span>; <b class="b3">Ἀχαϊκωτέραν εἶναι . . ταύτην τὴν ὑ. καὶ νικητικωτέραν ἐν τοῖς πολλοῖς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">4</span>; τὸ τῆς ἰδίας ὑ. λαμπρόν <span class="bibl">Id.21.23.1</span>; τὸ τῶν σαρισῶν μέγεθός ἐστι κατὰ μὲν τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. ἑκκαίδεκα πηχῶν, κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἁρμογὴν τὴν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν δεκατεττάρων <span class="bibl">Id.18.29.2</span>; τηροῦντες τὴν αὑτῶν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.5.5.5</span>; πρὸς ταύτην ἁρμοζόμενοι τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.3.16.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.50.7</span>; <b class="b3">κατασκέψασθαι τὴν τῶν ὑπεναντίων ἐπίνοιαν καὶ τὴν ὅλην ὑ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">6</span>; Φάβιος . . κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. οὐδαμῶς κρίνων ἐκκυβεύειν οὐδὲ παραβάλλεσθαι τοῖς ὅλοις <span class="bibl">Id.3.94.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[suggestion]], [[advice]], ἐδώκαμεν ἄν σοι ὑποθέσεις δι' ὧν οἱ ἀντίδικοι ἂν οἴμωζον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>57.7</span> (iii B. C.); διελέγοντο . . κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς τὰς Ἀράτου καὶ τὰς ὑ. <span class="bibl">Plb. 2.48.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.52.6</span>, <span class="bibl">4.24.2</span>; κροτηθείσης τῆς ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.28.16.5</span>; <b class="b3">πολυτέχνους ὑ. ἔργων</b> elaborate [[proposals]] for works, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[purpose]], τῆς στρατηγίας ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τυραννίδα πεποιημένος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tim.</span>2</span>; λόγῳ μὲν ἀποδώσων... ἑτέραν δὲ τῆς ἀποδημίας ἔχων ὑ. λανθάνουσαν τοὺς πολλούς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mar.</span>31</span>; ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς αἰτίας τῆς τε ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου ἀξιολογώτατος ἀγὼν συνηνέχθη <span class="bibl">D.C.41.56</span>; ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πρόφασιν διδόντων ἐλευθεροῦν τοὺς Ἕλληνας <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Flam.</span>15</span>; τὸ χωρὶς ὑποθέσεως πολεμεῖν . . τί ἄλλο ἢ μανία; <span class="bibl">D.Chr.38.17</span>; [οἱ ἐλέφαντες] ἴσασι τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὴν ὑ. . . εἶναι . . τοὺς ὀδόντας <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>6.56</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[occasion]], [[excuse]], [[pretext]], οὕτω γὰρ ἂν αὐτοῖς ἡ ἀπολογία προαναιροῖτο καὶ ἡ πρώτη ὑ. τῆς ἐθελοδουλείας <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Merc.Cond.</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">τοιαύτης αὐτοῖς τῆς ὑ. οὔσης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">10</span>; ἀεὶ χρὴ ἐπί τινι λυπεῖσθαι καὶ μὴ ἄνευ ὑ. Artem. <span class="bibl">2.60</span>; ὑ. ἀργυρισμοῦ καὶ φόνων εἰληφέναι ἐδόκει <span class="bibl">D.C.63.26</span>; μή με νομίσῃς ἀπὸ τῆς παρούσης ὑ. ἀπαρτᾶν τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">Id.52.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> actor's [[role]], τοὺς ὑποκριτὰς . . οὓς ὁρῶμεν οὔτε κλαίοντας ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις, ὡς αὐτοὶ θέλουσιν, ἀλλ' ὡς ὁ ἀγὼν ἀπαιτεῖ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>22</span>; ὶδεῖν τί μου ποιεῖ ὁ ἀθλητής, πῶς μελετᾷ τὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.29.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">41</span>; τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τῆς μητρὸς ὑ. λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>8.39</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">function, occupation, station in life</b>, [Διονύσιος] ἐκ σημοτικῆς καὶ ταπεινῆς ὑ. ὁρμηθείς <span class="bibl">Plb.15.35.2</span>; [Ἀγαθοκλῆς] ὁρμηθεὶς ἀπὸ τοιαύτης ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.12.15.7</span>; τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἄλλην βίου ὑ. εἰς τὸ φιλοσοφεῖν οὕτως ἐπιτήδειον ὡς ταύτην ἐν ᾗ νῦν ὢν τυγχάνεις <span class="bibl">M.Ant.11.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.1</span>, Paul. Aeg.<span class="bibl">3.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">practical problem</b>, κοινὴ ἡ ὑ. καὶ τῷ καθ' ἡμᾶς βίῳ πάνυ πολλή, βαλανείου κατασκευή <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>4</span>; ἡ μὲν οὖν ὑ. τοιαύτη <span class="bibl">Hero<span class="title">Aut.</span>21.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">subject proposed</b> (<b class="b2">to oneself or another</b>) <b class="b2">for discussion</b>, κελεῦσαι τὴν πρώτην ὑ. τοῦ πρώτου λόγου ἀναγνῶναι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Prm.</span>127d</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. ἐπανάγειν τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.6.13</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. πάλιν ἐπανελθεῖν <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.63</span>, cf. Gal.6.124; τὴν ὑ. περὶ ἧς βουλεύεσθε οὐχὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες <span class="bibl">D.3.1</span>; τοὺς δικαστὰς ἀπαγαγὼν ἀπὸ τῆς ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.19.242</span>; ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. μεῖναι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.76</span>; ἔξω τῆς ὑ. λέγειν <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.63</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.161</span>; μὴ πόρρω λίαν τῆς ὑ. ἀποπλανηθῶ <span class="bibl">Id.7.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.176</span>,190; ὅτ' ἔγραφον περὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.83</span>; περὶ [τῆς πόλεως] τὴν ὑ. ποιησάμενος <span class="bibl">Id.12.35</span>; τοῦ πράγματος ἐν κεφαλαίῳ . . δήλωσις, ἵνα γινώσκωσι περὶ ὧν ὁ λόγος παρακολουθῶσί τε τῇ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span> 1436a36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>415b</span>; ἡ ὑ. ἐλάττων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1404b15</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὑπόθεσιν λέγειν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">πρὸς ἀμφισβητοῦντα</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1391b13</span>; πολλὰ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. οἰκείως διαλεχθείς <span class="bibl">D.S.13.53</span>; <b class="b2">haec erat</b> <b class="b3">ὑ</b>., <b class="b2">de gravitate ordinis</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>1.14.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">case at law, lawsuit</b>, γράφει ὁ Μαιίστας εἰς τὴν ὑ. ταύτην <span class="title">IG</span>11(4).1299.29 (Delos, iii B. C.), cf. <span class="title">OGI</span>665.18,669.41 (both Egypt, i A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>237 vii 34</span>,<span class="bibl"> viii 22</span> (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">486.26</span> (ii A. D.); τὰ περὶ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. πεπραγμένα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLips.</span>34.18</span> (iv A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[subject]] of a poem or treatise, Zeno Stoic.1.23, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.2.1</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>3</span>, Longin. 38.2, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>42</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Charid.</span>14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pseudol.</span>5</span>, al.; of a picture, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Zeux.</span>5</span>,<span class="bibl">7</span>; of an impromptu declamation, ἐπειδὰν οἱ παρόντες ὑποβάλωσί τινας ὑ. καὶ ἀφορμὰς λόγου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span>18</span>; [[plot]], [[story]], μῦθοι καὶ ὑποθέσεις <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>2.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.5</span>, al., Arg.Men.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1235.113 (ii A. D.), Dicaearch. ap. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Artem.4.59</span>, Sch.S.<span class="title">Aj.Prooem.</span>, Arg.Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span> tit., etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[speech]], αἱ δικανικαὶ καὶ δημηγορικαὶ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Theon <span class="title">Prog.</span>1</span>; = [[ἐπίδειξις]] <span class="bibl">1.3</span>, <b class="b3">ἀρξαμένων</b> (v.l. [[-ῳ]]) τῆς ὑ. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">4 Ma.</span>1.12</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἀρετὰς ὅλην πληρούσας ὑ</b>. providing matter for a whole [[speech]], Chor.<span class="bibl">p.34B.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[speech]] or <b class="b2">subject of a speech in which the person, occasion, etc. are particularized</b>, opp. <b class="b3">θέσις</b> v. <span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">Aphth.<span class="title">Prog.</span> 13</span>, cf. Quint.<span class="title">Inst.</span>3.5.7. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> a kind of [[play]] or [[pantomime]], μῖμοί τινές εἰσιν ὧν τοὺς μὲν ὑποθέσεις τοὺς δὲ παίγνια καλοῦσιν Plu.2.712e; <b class="b3">μιμολωγοι η υποθησις εικυρα</b> (i. e. <b class="b3">μιμολόγοι· ἡ ὑπόθεσις Ἑκυρά</b>), i. e. 'theatrical performance: [[play]], the Hecyra', <span class="title">Ath.Mitt.</span>26.4 (inscr. on lamp, iii B. C.); <b class="b3">κλάειν ἤρξαντο πάντες καὶ μετέβαλε τὸ συμπόσιον εἰς σκυθρωπὴν ὑ</b>. into a [[tragedy]], <span class="bibl">Charito 4.3</span>; so perh. in <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nigr.</span>8</span>; of Aesop's [[fables]], χρῆται [τῇ ἀλώπεκι] ὁ Αἴσωπος διακόνῳ τῶν πλείστων ὑ. <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>1.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[supposition]], ἢ βούλεσθε . . ἀπ' ἐμαυτοῦ ἄρξωμαι καὶ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ὑ., περὶ τοῦ ἑνὸς αὐτοῦ ὑποθέμενος, εἴτε ἕν ἐστιν εἴτε μὴ ἕν, τί χρὴ συμβαίνειν; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>137b</span>; <b class="b3">αὕτη ἡ ὑ., εἰ ἓν μὴ ἔστιν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">160b</span>; <b class="b3">χρὴ . . μὴ μόνον εἰ ἔστιν ἕκαστον ὑποτιθέμενον σκοπεῖν τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἐκ τῆς ὑ., ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰ μὴ ἔστι τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὑποτίθεσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">135e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">136a</span>; [<b class="b3">σκοπεῖν] τί ἐφ' ἑκατέρας τῆς ὑ. συμβήσεται</b> ib. <span class="bibl">136b</span>; εἰ ὀρθὴ ἡ ὑ. ἦν, τὸ ψυχὴν ἁρμονίαν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>94b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">92d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>244c</span>; πρὸς μὲν τὴν ὑ. ὀρθῶς λέγουσιν, ὅλως δ' οὐκ ὀρθῶς <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Metaph.</span>1082b32</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὑποθέσεως σκοπεῖσθαι</b> examine by starting from an [[assumption]], of reasoning by analysis in geometry, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span> 86e</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν τὴν τέχνην ζητεύντων ἐξ ὑποθέσιος λόγων</b> arguments seeking to derive the (medical) art from an [[assumption]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>13</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. αὐτοὶ αὑτοῖς ὑποθέμενοι τῷ λόγῳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγοντες ἐπὶ ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τέχνην</b> ib. <span class="bibl">15</span>; χρῆσιν ἀρετῆς τελείαν, καὶ ταύτην οὐκ ἐξ ὑ. ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς· λέγω δ' ἐξ ὑ. τἀναγκαῖα, οἷον . . τιμωρίαι καὶ κολάσεις . . τὸ καλῶς ἀναγκαίως ἔχουσι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1332810</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ πολιτεία ἡ ἐξ ὑ.</b>( = [[ἡ δοθεῖσα]]) the constitution based on a [[presupposition]], ib. <span class="bibl">1288b28</span>; of currency, <b class="b3">ἓν δή τι δεῖ εἶναι, τοῦτο δ' ἐξ ὑ.· διὸ νόμισμα καλεῖται</b> according to a <b class="b2">presupposed convention</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1133b21</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">a29</span>-<span class="bibl">31</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">APr.</span>41a40</span>); of reductio ad impossibile, ἢ δεικτικῶς ἢ ἐξ ὑ. τοῦ δ' ἐξ ὑ. μέρος τὸ διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APr.</span>40b25</span>-<span class="bibl">6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">41a25</span>; δυνατοῦ δεξάμενον ὑπόθεσιν ἐπ' ἀδύνατον ἀπαχθῆναι <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.7.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Procl. <span class="title">in Euc.</span>pp.76,252</span> F.; <b class="b3">καθ' ὑπόθεσιν</b> by way of <b class="b2">supposition, 'let us suppose'</b>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1.95 S., <span class="title">Sign.</span>12, <span class="bibl">Cleom.1.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> = [[τὸ ὑποκείμενον]] (cf. ὑπόκειμαι <span class="bibl">11.8</span>), the [[presupposition]] of an action, [[that which has been settled]] before it begins, περὶ τοῦ τέλους οὐθεὶς βουλεύεται, ἀλλὰ τοῦτ' ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ καὶ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1227a8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">b30</span>; τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑ. ἀληθεῖς καὶ δικαίας εἶναι προσήκει <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span>; of a thing, [[that without which it cannot exist]] or <b class="b2">be what it is</b>, its [[essence]], <b class="b3">αὕτη</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τὸ στέλεχος</b>) οἷον ὑ. καὶ φύσις δένδρων <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.13.4</span> (cf. <b class="b3">οὐσία καὶ φύσις τοῦ δένδρου</b> ibid.); ἐπὶ τοῖς χυμοῖς μόνοις σηπομένοις ἔχοντος τὴν ὑ. ὅλου τοῦ νοσήματος, ὅπερ ἐστὶ πυρετώδους ὄντος Gal.18(2).299. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in the syllogism, the <b class="b2">preliminary statements of fact</b> (whether proved or not) from which inference starts, i. e. the premisses (προτάσεις) <b class="b3">, τῶν ἀποδείξεων αἱ ὑ</b>., equivalent to <b class="b3">ἀρχαί</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1013a16</span>; αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ λεγόμεναι ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APo.</span>81b15</span>; <b class="b3">ὅσα δέδεικται δι' ἐκείνων ὑποθέσεις ποιησάμενοι</b> taking as [[premisses]] (here) what has been proved in those other works, Gal.6.7, cf. 25,224; <b class="b3">ἴστω . . τῆς ὑγιεινῆς πραγματείας ἀνατρέπων τὴν ὑ</b>. ib.17; ὑπόθεσιν, αἴτησιν οὖσαν πράγματος εἰς κατασκευήν τινος <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>3.4</span>; λαμβάνειν ἀναποδείκτους ὑ. Plu.2.720f, cf. 721d; ἀναγκαῖον ἢ τὰς ὑ. εἶναι τὰς πρώτας ψευδεῖς, ἢ τὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν συμβαινόντων ἀποφάς εις <span class="bibl">Plb.1.15.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">assumption of existence</b> of any one of the fundamental objects of a particular science, ὁ ὁρισμὸς θέσις μέν ἐστι . . ὑ. δ' οὐκ ἔστι· τὸ γὰρ τί ἐστι μονὰς καὶ τὸ εἶναι μονάδα οὐ ταὐτόν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>72a23</span>; ἐν ταῖς πράξεσι τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα ἀρχή, ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς μαθηματικοῖς αἱ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1151a17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">starting-point</b>, ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. λαβεῖν τὸν λόγον τὴν εἰς ἑκάτερον μέρος ὁρμήν <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>27.130</span>; [[beginning]], <b class="b3">τὰς μὲν ἐλπίδας οὐ τελειοῖ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁ ὄνειρος</b>) <b class="b3">, τὰς δὲ ὑ. τῶν πραγμάτων ταῖς περιοχαῖς ὁμοίας ποιεῖ</b> (referring to a birth of twins which died), <span class="bibl">Artem.4.47</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">raw material</b>, τὴν δοθεῖσαν ὑ. εὐφυᾶ πρὸς ὑποδοχὴν γυμναστικῆς . . ἀμείνω ἀποφαίνειν Luc.<span class="title">Hist. Conscr.</span>35; οἵαν ὕλην καὶ ὑ. φεύγεις· . . μένε οὖν μέχρι ἐξοικειώσῃς σαυτῷ καὶ ταῦτα <span class="bibl">M.Ant.10.31</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[mortgage]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>97.1</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b2">placing under</b>, πτύγματος <span class="bibl">Sor.1.70a</span>; προσκεφαλαίου <span class="bibl">Id.2.86</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">thing placed under, base</b>, <b class="b3">τὰς ὑ</b>. (signf. <span class="bibl">111</span>) ποιούμενος οὐκ ἀρχὰς ἀλλὰ τῷ ὄντι ὑ., οἷον ἐπιβάσεις τε καὶ ὁρμάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>511b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.7.22</span>; in <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span> (v. supr. IV. 1) the <b class="b3">ἀρχαί</b> and <b class="b3">ὑποθέσεις</b> (i. e. basic principles) of actions are compared to the foundations (τὰ κάτωθεν) of a house or a ship; Τριπτόλεμος . . τὰς πρώτας ὑ. βαλόμενος τῇ πόλει <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>11.52</span>.</span>
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Full diacritics: ὑπόθεσις Medium diacritics: ὑπόθεσις Low diacritics: υπόθεσις Capitals: ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ
Transliteration A: hypóthesis Transliteration B: hypothesis Transliteration C: ypothesis Beta Code: u(po/qesis

English (LSJ)

εως, ἡ, (ὑποτίθημι, ὑποτίθεμαι)

   A proposal, proposed action, τὴν ἐν φίλοις δικαιοτάτην ὑ. ἔχω ὑποτιθέναι X.Cyr.5.5.13; ἵνα σὺ τὰ σαυτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ὑ. ὅπως ἂν βούλῃ περαίνῃς Pl.Grg.454c; intention, policy, πολλὰ πρᾶξαι πρὸς τὴν ὑ. τῆς πατρίδος ὡς συχνῆς ἀδικίας δεομένην Thphr.Fr.136; διὰ τὴν ὑ. τῆς πολιτείας . . ἠναγκάζετο χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὑπουργοῦσι Plu.Caes.51; πρὸς ὑ. τινα ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν men good for a particular policy, Arist.Pol.1293b4; ὑ. τῆς δημοκρατικῆς πολιτείας ἐλευθερία ib.1317a40; ἡμῖν ἡ τῶν νόμων ὑ. ἐνταῦθα ἔβλεπεν, ὅπως . . Pl.Lg.743c; περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν οὐχ ὁμοίως ἅπασι βουλευτέον, ἀλλ' ὡς ἂν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἕκαστοι τοῦ βίου ποιήσωνται τὴν ὑ. Isoc.6.90; τοῖς φαύλοις ἐνδέχεται τὰ τυχόντα πράττειν· εὐθὺς γὰρ τοῦ βίου τοιαύτην πεποίηνται τὴν ὑ. Id.1.48; ἀνάγκη τοῖς περὶ ὅλων τῶν πραγμάτων καλὰς τὰς ὑ. πεποιημένοις καὶ τὰ μέρη τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἔχειν ἐκείνοις Id.7.28; πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ὑ. ἀποβλέποντες ἄμεινον βουλευσόμεθα καὶ περὶ τῶν ἄλλων Id.8.18; ἐξέστητε τῆς ὑ. ἐφ' ἧς ὑμᾶς οἱ πρόγονοι κατέλιπον D.10.46; οἱ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑ. προεστῶτες those who advocated the same policy, Plb.30.32.12; ἅπαντας ἀπονεύσειν ἐπ' ἐκείνην τὴν ὑ. Id.24.9.7; Ἀχαϊκωτέραν εἶναι . . ταύτην τὴν ὑ. καὶ νικητικωτέραν ἐν τοῖς πολλοῖς ib.4; τὸ τῆς ἰδίας ὑ. λαμπρόν Id.21.23.1; τὸ τῶν σαρισῶν μέγεθός ἐστι κατὰ μὲν τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. ἑκκαίδεκα πηχῶν, κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἁρμογὴν τὴν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν δεκατεττάρων Id.18.29.2; τηροῦντες τὴν αὑτῶν ὑ. Id.5.5.5; πρὸς ταύτην ἁρμοζόμενοι τὴν ὑ. Id.3.16.1, cf. 3.50.7; κατασκέψασθαι τὴν τῶν ὑπεναντίων ἐπίνοιαν καὶ τὴν ὅλην ὑ. ib.6; Φάβιος . . κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑ. οὐδαμῶς κρίνων ἐκκυβεύειν οὐδὲ παραβάλλεσθαι τοῖς ὅλοις Id.3.94.4.    2 suggestion, advice, ἐδώκαμεν ἄν σοι ὑποθέσεις δι' ὧν οἱ ἀντίδικοι ἂν οἴμωζον PMich.Zen.57.7 (iii B. C.); διελέγοντο . . κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς τὰς Ἀράτου καὶ τὰς ὑ. Plb. 2.48.8, cf. 2.52.6, 4.24.2; κροτηθείσης τῆς ὑ. Id.28.16.5; πολυτέχνους ὑ. ἔργων elaborate proposals for works, Plu.Per.12.    3 purpose, τῆς στρατηγίας ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τυραννίδα πεποιημένος Id.Tim.2; λόγῳ μὲν ἀποδώσων... ἑτέραν δὲ τῆς ἀποδημίας ἔχων ὑ. λανθάνουσαν τοὺς πολλούς Id.Mar.31; ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς αἰτίας τῆς τε ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου ἀξιολογώτατος ἀγὼν συνηνέχθη D.C.41.56; ὑ. τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πρόφασιν διδόντων ἐλευθεροῦν τοὺς Ἕλληνας Plu.Flam.15; τὸ χωρὶς ὑποθέσεως πολεμεῖν . . τί ἄλλο ἢ μανία; D.Chr.38.17; [οἱ ἐλέφαντες] ἴσασι τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὴν ὑ. . . εἶναι . . τοὺς ὀδόντας Ael.NA6.56.    4 occasion, excuse, pretext, οὕτω γὰρ ἂν αὐτοῖς ἡ ἀπολογία προαναιροῖτο καὶ ἡ πρώτη ὑ. τῆς ἐθελοδουλείας Luc.Merc.Cond.5; τοιαύτης αὐτοῖς τῆς ὑ. οὔσης ib.10; ἀεὶ χρὴ ἐπί τινι λυπεῖσθαι καὶ μὴ ἄνευ ὑ. Artem. 2.60; ὑ. ἀργυρισμοῦ καὶ φόνων εἰληφέναι ἐδόκει D.C.63.26; μή με νομίσῃς ἀπὸ τῆς παρούσης ὑ. ἀπαρτᾶν τὸν λόγον Id.52.18.    5 actor's role, τοὺς ὑποκριτὰς . . οὓς ὁρῶμεν οὔτε κλαίοντας ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις, ὡς αὐτοὶ θέλουσιν, ἀλλ' ὡς ὁ ἀγὼν ἀπαιτεῖ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. Plu.Dem.22; ὶδεῖν τί μου ποιεῖ ὁ ἀθλητής, πῶς μελετᾷ τὴν ὑ. Arr.Epict.1.29.38, cf. 41; τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τῆς μητρὸς ὑ. λαβεῖν Iamb.VP8.39.    6 function, occupation, station in life, [Διονύσιος] ἐκ σημοτικῆς καὶ ταπεινῆς ὑ. ὁρμηθείς Plb.15.35.2; [Ἀγαθοκλῆς] ὁρμηθεὶς ἀπὸ τοιαύτης ὑ. Id.12.15.7; τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἄλλην βίου ὑ. εἰς τὸ φιλοσοφεῖν οὕτως ἐπιτήδειον ὡς ταύτην ἐν ᾗ νῦν ὢν τυγχάνεις M.Ant.11.7, cf. 8.1, Paul. Aeg.3.17.    7 practical problem, κοινὴ ἡ ὑ. καὶ τῷ καθ' ἡμᾶς βίῳ πάνυ πολλή, βαλανείου κατασκευή Luc.Hipp.4; ἡ μὲν οὖν ὑ. τοιαύτη HeroAut.21.2.    II subject proposed (to oneself or another) for discussion, κελεῦσαι τὴν πρώτην ὑ. τοῦ πρώτου λόγου ἀναγνῶναι Pl. Prm.127d; ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. ἐπανάγειν τὸν λόγον X.Mem.4.6.13; ἐπὶ τὴν ὑ. πάλιν ἐπανελθεῖν Isoc.4.63, cf. Gal.6.124; τὴν ὑ. περὶ ἧς βουλεύεσθε οὐχὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες D.3.1; τοὺς δικαστὰς ἀπαγαγὼν ἀπὸ τῆς ὑ. Id.19.242; ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. μεῖναι Aeschin.3.76; ἔξω τῆς ὑ. λέγειν Isoc.7.63, cf. 12.161; μὴ πόρρω λίαν τῆς ὑ. ἀποπλανηθῶ Id.7.77, cf. 12.88, Aeschin. 3.176,190; ὅτ' ἔγραφον περὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ὑ. Isoc.5.83; περὶ [τῆς πόλεως] τὴν ὑ. ποιησάμενος Id.12.35; τοῦ πράγματος ἐν κεφαλαίῳ . . δήλωσις, ἵνα γινώσκωσι περὶ ὧν ὁ λόγος παρακολουθῶσί τε τῇ ὑ. Arist.Rh.Al. 1436a36, cf. Pl.Def.415b; ἡ ὑ. ἐλάττων Arist.Rh.1404b15; πρὸς ὑπόθεσιν λέγειν, opp. πρὸς ἀμφισβητοῦντα, ib.1391b13; πολλὰ πρὸς τὴν ὑ. οἰκείως διαλεχθείς D.S.13.53; haec erat ., de gravitate ordinis, etc., Cic.Att.1.14.4.    2 case at law, lawsuit, γράφει ὁ Μαιίστας εἰς τὴν ὑ. ταύτην IG11(4).1299.29 (Delos, iii B. C.), cf. OGI665.18,669.41 (both Egypt, i A. D.), POxy.237 vii 34, viii 22 (ii A. D.), 486.26 (ii A. D.); τὰ περὶ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. πεπραγμένα PLips.34.18 (iv A. D.).    3 subject of a poem or treatise, Zeno Stoic.1.23, Plb.1.2.1, D.H.Pomp.3, Longin. 38.2, Plu.Pomp.42, Luc.Charid.14, Pseudol.5, al.; of a picture, Id.Zeux.5,7; of an impromptu declamation, ἐπειδὰν οἱ παρόντες ὑποβάλωσί τινας ὑ. καὶ ἀφορμὰς λόγου Id.Rh.Pr.18; plot, story, μῦθοι καὶ ὑποθέσεις Phld.Po.2.62, cf. 5.5, al., Arg.Men.Oxy.1235.113 (ii A. D.), Dicaearch. ap. S.E.M.3.3, Artem.4.59, Sch.S.Aj.Prooem., Arg.Ar. Ach. tit., etc.    4 speech, αἱ δικανικαὶ καὶ δημηγορικαὶ ὑ. Theon Prog.1; = ἐπίδειξις 1.3, ἀρξαμένων (v.l. -ῳ) τῆς ὑ. LXX 4 Ma.1.12; ἀνδρὸς ἀρετὰς ὅλην πληρούσας ὑ. providing matter for a whole speech, Chor.p.34B.    b speech or subject of a speech in which the person, occasion, etc. are particularized, opp. θέσις v. 2, Aphth.Prog. 13, cf. Quint.Inst.3.5.7.    5 a kind of play or pantomime, μῖμοί τινές εἰσιν ὧν τοὺς μὲν ὑποθέσεις τοὺς δὲ παίγνια καλοῦσιν Plu.2.712e; μιμολωγοι η υποθησις εικυρα (i. e. μιμολόγοι· ἡ ὑπόθεσις Ἑκυρά), i. e. 'theatrical performance: play, the Hecyra', Ath.Mitt.26.4 (inscr. on lamp, iii B. C.); κλάειν ἤρξαντο πάντες καὶ μετέβαλε τὸ συμπόσιον εἰς σκυθρωπὴν ὑ. into a tragedy, Charito 4.3; so perh. in Luc.Nigr.8; of Aesop's fables, χρῆται [τῇ ἀλώπεκι] ὁ Αἴσωπος διακόνῳ τῶν πλείστων ὑ. Philostr.Im.1.3.    III supposition, ἢ βούλεσθε . . ἀπ' ἐμαυτοῦ ἄρξωμαι καὶ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ὑ., περὶ τοῦ ἑνὸς αὐτοῦ ὑποθέμενος, εἴτε ἕν ἐστιν εἴτε μὴ ἕν, τί χρὴ συμβαίνειν; Pl.Prm.137b; αὕτη ἡ ὑ., εἰ ἓν μὴ ἔστιν ib.160b; χρὴ . . μὴ μόνον εἰ ἔστιν ἕκαστον ὑποτιθέμενον σκοπεῖν τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἐκ τῆς ὑ., ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰ μὴ ἔστι τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὑποτίθεσθαι ib.135e, cf. 136a; [σκοπεῖν] τί ἐφ' ἑκατέρας τῆς ὑ. συμβήσεται ib. 136b; εἰ ὀρθὴ ἡ ὑ. ἦν, τὸ ψυχὴν ἁρμονίαν εἶναι Id.Phd.94b, cf. 92d, Sph.244c; πρὸς μὲν τὴν ὑ. ὀρθῶς λέγουσιν, ὅλως δ' οὐκ ὀρθῶς Arist. Metaph.1082b32; ἐξ ὑποθέσεως σκοπεῖσθαι examine by starting from an assumption, of reasoning by analysis in geometry, Pl.Men. 86e; τῶν τὴν τέχνην ζητεύντων ἐξ ὑποθέσιος λόγων arguments seeking to derive the (medical) art from an assumption, Hp.VM13; ὑ. αὐτοὶ αὑτοῖς ὑποθέμενοι τῷ λόγῳ ib.1; ἄγοντες ἐπὶ ὑπόθεσιν τὴν τέχνην ib. 15; χρῆσιν ἀρετῆς τελείαν, καὶ ταύτην οὐκ ἐξ ὑ. ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς· λέγω δ' ἐξ ὑ. τἀναγκαῖα, οἷον . . τιμωρίαι καὶ κολάσεις . . τὸ καλῶς ἀναγκαίως ἔχουσι Arist.Pol.1332810; ἡ πολιτεία ἡ ἐξ ὑ.( = ἡ δοθεῖσα) the constitution based on a presupposition, ib. 1288b28; of currency, ἓν δή τι δεῖ εἶναι, τοῦτο δ' ἐξ ὑ.· διὸ νόμισμα καλεῖται according to a presupposed convention, Id.EN1133b21 (cf. a29-31, APr.41a40); of reductio ad impossibile, ἢ δεικτικῶς ἢ ἐξ ὑ. τοῦ δ' ἐξ ὑ. μέρος τὸ διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου Id.APr.40b25-6, cf. 41a25; δυνατοῦ δεξάμενον ὑπόθεσιν ἐπ' ἀδύνατον ἀπαχθῆναι Arr.Epict.1.7.25, cf. Procl. in Euc.pp.76,252 F.; καθ' ὑπόθεσιν by way of supposition, 'let us suppose', Phld.Rh. 1.95 S., Sign.12, Cleom.1.7.    IV = τὸ ὑποκείμενον (cf. ὑπόκειμαι 11.8), the presupposition of an action, that which has been settled before it begins, περὶ τοῦ τέλους οὐθεὶς βουλεύεται, ἀλλὰ τοῦτ' ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ καὶ ὑ. Arist.EE1227a8, cf. b30; τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑ. ἀληθεῖς καὶ δικαίας εἶναι προσήκει D.2.10; of a thing, that without which it cannot exist or be what it is, its essence, αὕτη (sc. τὸ στέλεχος) οἷον ὑ. καὶ φύσις δένδρων Thphr.HP4.13.4 (cf. οὐσία καὶ φύσις τοῦ δένδρου ibid.); ἐπὶ τοῖς χυμοῖς μόνοις σηπομένοις ἔχοντος τὴν ὑ. ὅλου τοῦ νοσήματος, ὅπερ ἐστὶ πυρετώδους ὄντος Gal.18(2).299.    2 in the syllogism, the preliminary statements of fact (whether proved or not) from which inference starts, i. e. the premisses (προτάσεις) , τῶν ἀποδείξεων αἱ ὑ., equivalent to ἀρχαί, Arist.Metaph.1013a16; αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ λεγόμεναι ὑ. Id.APo.81b15; ὅσα δέδεικται δι' ἐκείνων ὑποθέσεις ποιησάμενοι taking as premisses (here) what has been proved in those other works, Gal.6.7, cf. 25,224; ἴστω . . τῆς ὑγιεινῆς πραγματείας ἀνατρέπων τὴν ὑ. ib.17; ὑπόθεσιν, αἴτησιν οὖσαν πράγματος εἰς κατασκευήν τινος S.E.M.3.4; λαμβάνειν ἀναποδείκτους ὑ. Plu.2.720f, cf. 721d; ἀναγκαῖον ἢ τὰς ὑ. εἶναι τὰς πρώτας ψευδεῖς, ἢ τὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν συμβαινόντων ἀποφάς εις Plb.1.15.9, cf. 11.    b assumption of existence of any one of the fundamental objects of a particular science, ὁ ὁρισμὸς θέσις μέν ἐστι . . ὑ. δ' οὐκ ἔστι· τὸ γὰρ τί ἐστι μονὰς καὶ τὸ εἶναι μονάδα οὐ ταὐτόν Arist.APo.72a23; ἐν ταῖς πράξεσι τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα ἀρχή, ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς μαθηματικοῖς αἱ ὑ. Id.EN1151a17.    3 starting-point, ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ὑ. λαβεῖν τὸν λόγον τὴν εἰς ἑκάτερον μέρος ὁρμήν Iamb.VP27.130; beginning, τὰς μὲν ἐλπίδας οὐ τελειοῖ (sc. ὁ ὄνειρος) , τὰς δὲ ὑ. τῶν πραγμάτων ταῖς περιοχαῖς ὁμοίας ποιεῖ (referring to a birth of twins which died), Artem.4.47.    4 raw material, τὴν δοθεῖσαν ὑ. εὐφυᾶ πρὸς ὑποδοχὴν γυμναστικῆς . . ἀμείνω ἀποφαίνειν Luc.Hist. Conscr.35; οἵαν ὕλην καὶ ὑ. φεύγεις· . . μένε οὖν μέχρι ἐξοικειώσῃς σαυτῷ καὶ ταῦτα M.Ant.10.31.    V mortgage, Thphr.Fr.97.1 (pl.).    VI placing under, πτύγματος Sor.1.70a; προσκεφαλαίου Id.2.86.    2 thing placed under, base, τὰς ὑ. (signf. 111) ποιούμενος οὐκ ἀρχὰς ἀλλὰ τῷ ὄντι ὑ., οἷον ἐπιβάσεις τε καὶ ὁρμάς Pl.R.511b, cf. Arr.Epict.1.7.22; in D.2.10 (v. supr. IV. 1) the ἀρχαί and ὑποθέσεις (i. e. basic principles) of actions are compared to the foundations (τὰ κάτωθεν) of a house or a ship; Τριπτόλεμος . . τὰς πρώτας ὑ. βαλόμενος τῇ πόλει Lib.Or.11.52.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1217] ἡ, 1) das Untersetzen, Unterlegen. – 2) das Untergestellte, Untergelegte, die Grundlage, Ael. H. A. 14, 18 u. a. Sp. Uebertr. – a) Grundsatz, od. eine aufgestellte Bedingung, eine als wahr angenommene Meinung, eine Hypothese bei den Philosophen u. Mathematikern, ἡ ὑπόθεσις ἡ εἰ πολλά ἐστι, die Annahme der Vielheit, Plat. Parm. 128, d, u. öfter; det. 415 b erklärt durch ἀρχὴ ἀναπόδεικτος; vgl. noch ἐπ' ἀρχὴν ἀνυπόθετον ἐξ ὑποθέσεως ἰοῦσα Rep. VI, 510 b; ὑπόθεσιν ὑποτίθεσθαι, eine Annahme machen, Soph. 244 c; Xen. Cyr. 5, 5, 13, wo ἤν – darauf folgt. – b) der zu Grunde liegende Stoff, der Inhalt, Gegenstand einer Rede od. eines Gedichts, ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπόθεσιν ἐπανελθεῖν Isocr. 4, 63; αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ ὑποθέσεις τῶν πράξεων Dem. 2, 10; ὑπόθεσιν διδόναι τινί Pol. 13, 4, 1, u. öfter, u. Sp.; der Gegenstand od. die Fabel eines dramatischen Gedichts, argumentum, Longin. u. A. oft; s. Schäf. D. Hal. de C. V. p. 71 u. Sext. Emp. adv. geom. 3. – Bei den Rhetoren die Aufgabe zu einer Abhandlung oder Rede, ein zur Uebung erdichteter Rechtsfall, quaestio ficta. – 3) die Eingebung, der Rath, Unterricht, κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς καὶ τὰς ὑποθέσεις, Pol. 2, 48, 8. 52, 6 u. öfter. – 4) Vorsatz, Vorhaben, σὺ τὰ σαυτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ὑπόθεσιν ὅπως ἂν βούλῃ περαίνῃς Plat. Gorg. 454 c; ἐναρμόνιον ταῖς τῶν βίων ὑποθέσεσι Tim. Locr. 103 d; τηρεῖν τὴν ὑπόθεσιν Pol. 5, 5, 5; Unternehmen, ταύτης τῆς ὑποθέσεως προεστῶτες 31, 8, 12.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ὑπόθεσις: -εως, κυρίως τὸ τιθέναι ὑποκάτω· ἀλλ’ ἐν χρήσει ἀεὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα τὸ ὁποῖον εἶναι τεθειμένον ὑποκάτω: 1) θεμέλιον, βάσις, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 4. 13, 4. 2) ἐν τῇ πολιτικῇ, ὑπόθεσις χρησιμεύουσα ὡς βάσις σκοποῦ τινος, σκοπός, εἴ τι [νενομοθέτηται] πρὸς τὴν ὑπόθεσιν... τῆς προκειμένης... πολιτείας Ἀριστ. Πολιτικ. 2. 9, 1, πρβλ. 5. 11, 16 ὑπ. τῆς δημοκρατικῆς πολιτείας ἐλευθερία αὐτόθι 6. 2, 1, πρβλ. 2. 2, 1., 7. 4, 1, Δημ. 143. 15, κλπ.· τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑποθέσεις ἀληθεῖς εἶναι προσήκει ὁ αὐτ. 21. 7, πρβλ. 1082. 20. ΙΙ. τὸ τιθέμενον ὡς βάσις λογικοῦ ἐπιχειρήματος, ὑπόθεσις, ὑπ. ὑποτίθεσθαι τῷ λόγῳ Ἱππ. π. Ἀρχ. Ἰητρ. 8· συχν. παρὰ Πλάτωνι, οἷον ἐν Φαίδωνι 94Β, Μένωνι 86E κἑξ.· ὑπ. ὑποθέσθαι ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Σοφιστ. 244C· ἐξ ὑποθέσεως ζητεῖν Ἱππ. π. Ἀρχ. Ἰητρ. 12, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Πολ. 510Β· ― συχν. παρὰ τῷ Ἀριστ., τῶν ἀποδείξεων αἱ ὑπ. Μετὰ τὰ Φυσικ. 4. 1, 2, συναπτόμενον μετὰ τοῦ ἀρχαί, Ἀναλυτ. Ὕστ. 1. 19, 1, κ. ἀλλ.· αἱ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑπ. Ἀναλυτ. Πρότ. 1. 1, 4· αἱ περὶ τὰς κινήσεις ὑπ. π. Οὐραν. 1. 8, 4, κλπ.· ― μάλιστα ἐν συλλογισμῷ, πρότασις καθ’ ὑπόθεσιν εἰλημμένη, συλλογισμὸς ἐξ ὑποθέσεως, ἀντίθετ. τῷ δεικτικῶς. Ἀναλυτ. Πρότ. 1. 23, 2 καὶ 8, Τοπικ. 3. 6, 6, κ. ἀλλ.· ― ἐξ ὑποθέσεως, ὡσαύτως, ἀντίθετ. τῷ ἁπλῶς, Φυσ. 2. 9, 1, π. Ζ. Μορ. 1. 1, 11 καὶ 41, Πολιτικ. 3. 5, 2· ἡ ἐξ ὑπ. πολιτεία, οἵα ἡ τοῦ Πλάτωνος, αὐτόθι 4. 1, 4· ― ὡσαύτως, πρὸς ὑπόθεσίν τινα, ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ ἁπλῶς, Πολιτικ. 4. 7, 2, πρβλ. 4. 11, 21· πρὸς μὲν τὴν ὑπ. ὀρθῶς..., ἀλλ’ οὐχ ἁπλῶς Μετὰ τὰ Φυσικ. 12. 7, 30. 2) ἐν ὁμιλίᾳ ἢ συζητήσει, τὸ ὑπὸ συζήτησιν ζήτημα, Λατ. argumentum, ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπ. ἐπανάγειν τὸν λόγον Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 4. 6, 13· ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπ. πάλιν ἐπανελθεῖν Ἰσοκρ. 53C· τὴν ὑπ. οὐχὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάναι Δημ. 28. 9· ἐπὶ τῆς ὑπ. μένειν Αἰσχίνης 64. 31· ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπ. τινα ἀπαγαγεῖν, ἀποπλανᾶν Δημ. 416. 25, Αἰσχίνης 79, 6· γράφειν περὶ ὑπ., Λατ. argumentum tractare, Ἰσοκρ. 99A· πρὸς ὑπόθεσιν λέγειν Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 2. 18, 1. 3) ἡ ὑπόθεσις ποιήματος ἢ πραγματείας, Πολύβ. 1. 2, 1, Σέξτ. Ἐμπ. π. Μ. 3. 3· ἐπὶ ζωγραφίας, Δημήτρ. Φαληρ. 76, πρβλ. Schäf. εἰς Διονύσ. π. Συνθ. σ. 71. ΙΙΙ. τὸ ὁριζόμενον ὡς κανὼν ἐνεργείας, ὡς ἀρχὴ διαγωγῆς, Δημ. 28. 9., 143. 14· ὑπ. τοῦ βίου Ἰσοκρ. 12C. 2) καθόλου, σκοπός, σχέδιον, Πλάτ. Γοργ. 454C, Νόμ. 743C. 3) ὑπόσχεσις, Θουκ. 3. 66, κατὰ τὰ Ἀντίγραφα, ἀλλὰ τὸ ὑπόσχεσις εἶναι ἡ ὀρθὴ γραφή, IV. = ὑποθήκη, συμβουλή, Μένανδρ. εν Ἀδήλ. 424, Πολύβ. 2. 48, 8, κλπ. V. αἰτία, ἀφορμή, πρόφασις, Κικ. πρὸς Ἀττ. 14. 22, Πλουτ. Φλαμ. 15, κλπ. VI. κατηγορία, καταγγελία, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 4957, 41 κἑξ.

French (Bailly abrégé)

εως (ἡ) :
1 base, fondement ; fig. principe d’une chose ; principe d’État, principe de gouvernement ; fondement ou principe qui préside aux actes et à la vie;
2 base d’un raisonnement, d’un discours ou d’un écrit, postulat ; pensée fondamentale, sujet, thème : τὴν ὑπόθεσιν περὶ ἧς βουλεύεσθε οὐχὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάναι DÉM ne pas présenter sous son vrai jour l’objet de la délibération, l’affaire ; τὸν λόγον ἐπανάγειν ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπόθεσιν XÉN ramener l’entretien à son point de départ, au sujet de la discussion ; ἐπανελθεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπόθεσιν ISOCR revenir au sujet ; particul. sujet d’une œuvre d’art;
3 supposition, hypothèse ; condition moyennant laquelle on consent à qch;
4 ce qui sert de fondement, postulat ; prétexte.
Étymologie: ὑποτίθημι.

Greek Monotonic

ὑπόθεσις: -εως, ἡ (ὑποτίθημι),
1. τοποθέτηση από κάτω, θεμέλιο, υπόθεση, προϋπόθεση, σκοπός, Λατ. assumptio, σε Πλάτ.
2. το υπό συζήτηση θέμα, θέμα, ζήτημα εξέτασης, σε Ξεν., Δημ. κ.λπ.
II. αυτός που καθορίζεται ως κανόνας ενέργειας, αρχή, σε Δημ.· γενικά, σκοπός, σχέδιο, σχεδιασμός, επιδίωξη, στόχος, σε Πλάτ.
III. αιτία, πρόφαση, πρόσχημα, σε Πλούτ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ὑπόθεσις: εως ἡ
1) основа, принцип (τῆς δημοκρατικῆς πολιτείας Arst.): αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ ὑποθέσεις τῶν πράξεων Dem. руководящие принципы деятельности;
2) предмет, тема, вопрос: τὸ περὶ τὴν ἡμετέραν ὑπόθεσιν θεώρημα Polyb. содержание нашей темы; ἐπὶ τῆς ὑποθέσεως μένειν Aeschin. оставаться в рамках темы;
3) предприятие, начинание (πολύτεχνοι ὑποθέσεις Plut.): οἱ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑποθέσεως προεστῶτες Polyb. остающиеся при том же намерении;
4) предположение, условие, гипотеза: ὑπόθεσιν ὑποτιθέναι Xen., Plat. делать предположение; ἐξ ὑποθέσεως, πρὸς ὑπόθεσιν или καθ᾽ ὑπόθεσιν Sext., Arst. в виде или на основании предположения, условно; ὑπόθεσιν λαβεῖν τι Arst. принять что-л. как гипотезу;
5) предлог, повод (ὑπόθεσιν τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πρόφασιν διδόναι Plut.);
6) предложение, совет (κατὰ τὰς ὑποθέσεις τὰς Ἀράτου Polyb.).

Middle Liddell

ὑπόθεσις, εως, ὑποτίθημι
I. that which is placed under, a foundation, hypothesis, supposition, Lat. assumptio, Plat.
2. the subject under discussion, the question, Xen., Dem., etc.
II. that which is laid down as a rule of action, a principle, Dem.: generally, a purpose, plan, design, Plat.
III. a cause, pretext, Plut.