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|lshtext=<b>prae</b>: adv., and prep. [[with]] abl. [for prai, [[kindred]] [[with]] Sanscr. prefix pra-, [[before]]; Gr. πρό, [[πρίν]], [[πρόσω]] | |lshtext=<b>prae</b>: adv., and prep. [[with]] abl. [for prai, [[kindred]] [[with]] Sanscr. prefix pra-, [[before]]; Gr. πρό, [[πρίν]], [[πρόσω]]; cf.: pro, [[prior]], [[porro]], [[primus]].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., [[before]], in [[front]].<br /> <b>A</b> Lit. ([[ante]]-[[class]].): abi [[prae]], [[Sosia]], Jam ego sequar, go [[before]], go in [[advance]], Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45: i [[prae]], sequar, Ter. And. 1, 1, 144; id. Eun. 5, 2, 69: i tu [[prae]], [[virgo]]; non [[queo]], [[quod]] [[pone]] me est, servare, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 1: [[age]], [[age]] [[nunc]] tu, i [[prae]], id. Pers. 4, 4, 56.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop., as a [[particle]] of [[comparison]], [[with]] ut, [[quam]], or [[quod]] (also written in one [[word]], [[praeut]] and [[praequam]]; cf. Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 503), in [[comparison]] [[with]], compared [[with]] ([[ante]]- and [[post]]-[[class]]. and colloq.): [[parum]] [[etiam]], [[praeut]] futurum est praedicas, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 218; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 5: [[immo]] [[noster]] [[nunc]] [[quidem]] est de verbis, [[prae]] ut [[dudum]] fuit, id. Men. 5, 5, 33; 2, 3, 25: [[nihil]] [[hercle]] [[quidem]] hoc, Prae ut [[alia]] dicam, id. Mil. 1, 1, 20; id. Merc. 2, 4, 2: ludum dices fuisse, [[praeut]] hujus [[rabies]] quae dabit, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 9: [[satin']] parva res est voluptatum in vitā [[atque]] in aetate agundā, [[praequam]] [[quod]] molestum'st? in [[comparison]] [[with]] the [[trouble]], Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 2: [[nihil]] hoc est, [[triginta]] [[minae]], [[prae]] [[quam]] alios [[dapsilis]] [[sumptus]] facit, id. Most. 4, 2, 62 Lorenz ad loc.: jam minoris omnia [[facio]] [[prae]] [[quam]] quibus modis Me [[ludificatus]] est, id. ib. 5, 2, 25: sed hoc [[etiam]] pulcrum'st [[praequam]] [[sumptus]] ubi petunt, id. Aul. 3, 5, 33; id. Merc. prol. 23: quae [[etsi]] longioribus verbis comprehensa est [[praequam]] illud Graecum, etc., Gell. 16, 1, 3: [[immo]] res [[omnis]] relictas [[habeo]] [[prae]] [[quod]] tu velis, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38.—<br /><b>II</b> Prep. [[with]] abl. ([[with]] acc.: [[prae]] cornua, [[prae]] litteras, Petr. 39, 12; 46, 1), [[before]], in [[front]] of, in [[advance]] of.<br /> <b>A</b> Lit.: cavendum erit, ut ([[villa]]) a [[tergo]] [[potius]] [[quam]] [[prae]] se [[flumen]] habeat, [[before]] it, Col. 1, 5, 4: limina [[alia]] [[prae]] aliis erant, App. de Mundo, p. 69, 22.—Esp. freq.: [[prae]] se ferre, agere, mittere, to [[bear]], [[carry]], [[drive]], or [[send]] [[before]] one's [[self]]: [[ille]] qui stillantem [[prae]] se pugionem tulit, Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30: argenti [[prae]] se in aerarium tulit [[quattuordecim]] milia [[pondo]], Liv. 28, 38, 5: [[prae]] se ferens Darium puerum, Suet. Calig. 19: [[prae]] se [[armentum]] [[agens]], Liv. 1, 7, 4: singulos [[prae]] se inermes mittere, Sall. J. 94, 2: [[prae]] manu, and, [[less]] freq., [[prae]] manibus, at [[hand]], on [[hand]] ([[ante]]- and postclass.): patri reddidi omne [[aurum]], [[quod]] fuit [[prae]] manu, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 9; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 23: cum [[prae]] manu [[debitor]] (pecuniam) non haberet, Dig. 13, 7, 27: si Caesaris [[liber]] [[prae]] manibus est, promi jubeas, Gell. 19, 8, 6: aes si [[forte]] [[prae]] manu non fuerit, App. M. 6, p. 180, 30.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop.<br /> <b>1</b> In gen.: [[prae]] se ferre, [[less]] freq., [[prae]] se gerere, declarare, etc., [[prop]]. to [[carry]] [[before]] one's [[self]]. as if to [[show]] it; [[hence]], to [[show]], [[exhibit]], [[manifest]], [[reveal]], [[make]] [[known]], [[betray]], [[discover]], [[indicate]] (freq. and [[class]].), Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4: [[fortasse]] ceteri tectiores: ego [[semper]] me didicisse, [[prae]] me [[tuli]], id. Or. 42, 146: nec [[vero]] cum venit, [[prae]] se fert, aut qui [[sit]] aut [[unde]] veniat, id. Rep. 2, 3, 6: [[scelus]] et [[facinus]] [[prae]] se ferens et confitens, id. Mil. 16, 43: ceteris [[prae]] se fert et ostentat, id. Att. 2, 23, 3: beata [[vita]] glorianda et praedicanda et [[prae]] se ferenda est: [[nihil]] est [[enim]] aliud [[quod]] praedicandum et [[prae]] se ferendum [[sit]], id. Tusc. 5, 17, 50: conjecturam [[prae]] se gerere. id. Inv. 2, 9, 30: animum [[altum]] et erectum [[prae]] se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10: [[prae]] se declarant gaudia vultu, Cat. 64, 34: [[prae]] se maximam speciem ostentare, App. Flor. p. 342, 10.—<br /> <b>2</b> In partic., in comparisons, in [[comparison]] [[with]], compared [[with]] ([[mostly]] in comparisons [[which]] [[imply]] a [[contrast]] of [[kind]]; [[while]] [[praeter]] refers to a [[contrast]] of [[degree]] [[only]]: [[dives]] [[prae]] ceteris, in [[contrast]] [[with]] the others, [[who]] are [[poor]]: [[dives]] [[praeter]] ceteros, richer [[than]] the [[other]] [[rich]] ones; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 894).<br /> <b>(a)</b> With [[positive]] adj. ([[class]].;<br /> v. [[infra]]): omnia [[prae]] meo [[commodo]], Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 9: omnium [[unguentum]] [[odor]] [[prae]] tuo [[nautea]] est, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 67: Gallis [[prae]] magnitudine corporum suorum [[brevitas]] nostra contemptui est, Caes. B. G. 2, 30: [[prae]] divitiis, Liv. 3, 26: videbant omnes [[prae]] [[illo]] parvi futuros, Nep. Eum. 10, 4; Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96: veros illos Atticos [[prae]] se [[paene]] agrestes putat, id. Brut. 83, 286: ab [[isto]] [[prae]] lucro praedāque nec vectigalium nec posteritatis habitam esse rationem, id. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128: non tu [[quidem]] [[vacuus]] molestiis, sed [[prae]] nobis [[beatus]], id. Fam. 4, 4, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4: ([[stultitia]]) [[prae]] ceteris parit immensas cupiditates, Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> So [[with]] comp. for [[quam]] ([[ante]]- and [[post]]-[[class]].): [[atque]] me minoris [[facio]] [[prae]] [[illo]], Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 85: id [[prae]] [[illo]], [[quod]] honestum nobis est, [[fit]] plenius, Gell. 1, 3, 25; Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 2; Hier. in Psa. 44, 3; Aug. c. Acad. 1, 22.—<br /> <b>3</b> In giving the [[cause]], [[which]], as it were, goes [[before]], for, [[because]] of, by [[reason]] of, on [[account]] of ([[class]]. [[only]] of a hinderance; [[with]] an [[express]] or [[implied]] [[negation]]; or [[with]] vix, v. Zumpt, § 310): Ulixi cor frixit [[prae]] pavore, Liv. Andron. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 92: [[prae]] laetitiā lacrumae praesiliunt mihi, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 13: [[prae]] lassitudine [[opus]] est ut lavem, id. Truc. 2, 3, 7; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 71: [[prae]] gaudio ubi sim [[nescio]], id. ib. 2, 3, 67: vivere non [[quit]] Prae macie, Lucr. 4, 1167: nec loqui [[prae]] maerore potuit, Cic. Planc. 41, 99: quorum [[ille]] [[nomen]] [[prae]] metu ferre non poterat, id. Phil. 13, 9, 20: solem [[prae]] jaculorum multitudine non videbitis, id. Tusc. 1, 42, 101: [[prae]] irā, Liv. 31, 24 fin.: vix sibimet ipsi [[prae]] nec opinato gaudio credentes, id. 39, 49.—In [[composition]], [[prae]] [[usually]] denotes,<br /> <b>a</b> Before: [[praedico]], [[praebibo]], [[praecaveo]], etc.; so [[too]], [[praeceps]], headforemost, [[headlong]].—In [[time]]: [[praecanus]], [[gray]] [[before]] one's [[time]].—<br /> <b>b</b> Enhancing the [[main]] [[idea]], qs. in [[advance]] of others: [[praealtus]], [[extremely]] [[high]]: [[praeclarus]], [[very]] [[celebrated]]; [[praevalidus]], [[very]] [[strong]], etc. | ||
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Revision as of 09:34, 13 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
prae: adv., and prep. with abl. [for prai, kindred with Sanscr. prefix pra-, before; Gr. πρό, πρίν, πρόσω; cf.: pro, prior, porro, primus.
I Adv., before, in front.
A Lit. (ante-class.): abi prae, Sosia, Jam ego sequar, go before, go in advance, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45: i prae, sequar, Ter. And. 1, 1, 144; id. Eun. 5, 2, 69: i tu prae, virgo; non queo, quod pone me est, servare, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 1: age, age nunc tu, i prae, id. Pers. 4, 4, 56.—
B Trop., as a particle of comparison, with ut, quam, or quod (also written in one word, praeut and praequam; cf. Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 503), in comparison with, compared with (ante- and post-class. and colloq.): parum etiam, praeut futurum est praedicas, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 218; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 5: immo noster nunc quidem est de verbis, prae ut dudum fuit, id. Men. 5, 5, 33; 2, 3, 25: nihil hercle quidem hoc, Prae ut alia dicam, id. Mil. 1, 1, 20; id. Merc. 2, 4, 2: ludum dices fuisse, praeut hujus rabies quae dabit, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 9: satin' parva res est voluptatum in vitā atque in aetate agundā, praequam quod molestum'st? in comparison with the trouble, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 2: nihil hoc est, triginta minae, prae quam alios dapsilis sumptus facit, id. Most. 4, 2, 62 Lorenz ad loc.: jam minoris omnia facio prae quam quibus modis Me ludificatus est, id. ib. 5, 2, 25: sed hoc etiam pulcrum'st praequam sumptus ubi petunt, id. Aul. 3, 5, 33; id. Merc. prol. 23: quae etsi longioribus verbis comprehensa est praequam illud Graecum, etc., Gell. 16, 1, 3: immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38.—
II Prep. with abl. (with acc.: prae cornua, prae litteras, Petr. 39, 12; 46, 1), before, in front of, in advance of.
A Lit.: cavendum erit, ut (villa) a tergo potius quam prae se flumen habeat, before it, Col. 1, 5, 4: limina alia prae aliis erant, App. de Mundo, p. 69, 22.—Esp. freq.: prae se ferre, agere, mittere, to bear, carry, drive, or send before one's self: ille qui stillantem prae se pugionem tulit, Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30: argenti prae se in aerarium tulit quattuordecim milia pondo, Liv. 28, 38, 5: prae se ferens Darium puerum, Suet. Calig. 19: prae se armentum agens, Liv. 1, 7, 4: singulos prae se inermes mittere, Sall. J. 94, 2: prae manu, and, less freq., prae manibus, at hand, on hand (ante- and postclass.): patri reddidi omne aurum, quod fuit prae manu, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 9; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 23: cum prae manu debitor (pecuniam) non haberet, Dig. 13, 7, 27: si Caesaris liber prae manibus est, promi jubeas, Gell. 19, 8, 6: aes si forte prae manu non fuerit, App. M. 6, p. 180, 30.—
B Trop.
1 In gen.: prae se ferre, less freq., prae se gerere, declarare, etc., prop. to carry before one's self. as if to show it; hence, to show, exhibit, manifest, reveal, make known, betray, discover, indicate (freq. and class.), Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4: fortasse ceteri tectiores: ego semper me didicisse, prae me tuli, id. Or. 42, 146: nec vero cum venit, prae se fert, aut qui sit aut unde veniat, id. Rep. 2, 3, 6: scelus et facinus prae se ferens et confitens, id. Mil. 16, 43: ceteris prae se fert et ostentat, id. Att. 2, 23, 3: beata vita glorianda et praedicanda et prae se ferenda est: nihil est enim aliud quod praedicandum et prae se ferendum sit, id. Tusc. 5, 17, 50: conjecturam prae se gerere. id. Inv. 2, 9, 30: animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10: prae se declarant gaudia vultu, Cat. 64, 34: prae se maximam speciem ostentare, App. Flor. p. 342, 10.—
2 In partic., in comparisons, in comparison with, compared with (mostly in comparisons which imply a contrast of kind; while praeter refers to a contrast of degree only: dives prae ceteris, in contrast with the others, who are poor: dives praeter ceteros, richer than the other rich ones; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 894).
(a) With positive adj. (class.;
v. infra): omnia prae meo commodo, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 9: omnium unguentum odor prae tuo nautea est, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 67: Gallis prae magnitudine corporum suorum brevitas nostra contemptui est, Caes. B. G. 2, 30: prae divitiis, Liv. 3, 26: videbant omnes prae illo parvi futuros, Nep. Eum. 10, 4; Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96: veros illos Atticos prae se paene agrestes putat, id. Brut. 83, 286: ab isto prae lucro praedāque nec vectigalium nec posteritatis habitam esse rationem, id. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128: non tu quidem vacuus molestiis, sed prae nobis beatus, id. Fam. 4, 4, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4: (stultitia) prae ceteris parit immensas cupiditates, Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34.—
(b) So with comp. for quam (ante- and post-class.): atque me minoris facio prae illo, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 85: id prae illo, quod honestum nobis est, fit plenius, Gell. 1, 3, 25; Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 2; Hier. in Psa. 44, 3; Aug. c. Acad. 1, 22.—
3 In giving the cause, which, as it were, goes before, for, because of, by reason of, on account of (class. only of a hinderance; with an express or implied negation; or with vix, v. Zumpt, § 310): Ulixi cor frixit prae pavore, Liv. Andron. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 92: prae laetitiā lacrumae praesiliunt mihi, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 13: prae lassitudine opus est ut lavem, id. Truc. 2, 3, 7; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 71: prae gaudio ubi sim nescio, id. ib. 2, 3, 67: vivere non quit Prae macie, Lucr. 4, 1167: nec loqui prae maerore potuit, Cic. Planc. 41, 99: quorum ille nomen prae metu ferre non poterat, id. Phil. 13, 9, 20: solem prae jaculorum multitudine non videbitis, id. Tusc. 1, 42, 101: prae irā, Liv. 31, 24 fin.: vix sibimet ipsi prae nec opinato gaudio credentes, id. 39, 49.—In composition, prae usually denotes,
a Before: praedico, praebibo, praecaveo, etc.; so too, praeceps, headforemost, headlong.—In time: praecanus, gray before one's time.—
b Enhancing the main idea, qs. in advance of others: praealtus, extremely high: praeclarus, very celebrated; praevalidus, very strong, etc.
