vinco: Difference between revisions
Καὶ μὴν ὑπεραποθνῄσκειν γε μόνοι ἐθέλουσιν οἱ ἐρῶντες, οὐ μόνον ὅτι ἄνδρες, ἀλλὰ καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες. → After all, it is only those in love who are actually willing to die for another — not just men, but women as well. (Plato, Symposium 179b)
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|lshtext=<b>vinco</b>: vīci, victum, 3, v. a. and n. perh. causat. of [[root]] ικ->; Gr. [[εἴκω]] | |lshtext=<b>vinco</b>: vīci, victum, 3, v. a. and n. perh. causat. of [[root]] ικ->; Gr. [[εἴκω]], to [[yield]]; [[but]] cf. per-vicax; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 106,<br /><b>I</b> to [[conquer]], [[overcome]], [[get]] the [[better]] of, [[defeat]], [[subdue]], [[vanquish]], be [[victorious]], etc. (syn.: [[supero]], [[debello]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[war]] or [[battle]]: jus esse belli, ut qui vicissent, iis, quos vicissent, [[quemadmodum]] vellent, imperarent, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 36: Carthaginienses navalibus pugnis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55: Galliam [[bello]], Caes. B. G. 1, 34 fin.: non virtute [[neque]] in acie vicisse Romanos, id. ib. 7, 29: id vi et virtute militum victum [[atque]] expugnatum [[oppidum]] est, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 36: vicimus vi feroces, id. ib. 1, 1, 82: aio te, Aeacida, Romanos vincere posse, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 186 Vahl.): [[sicut]] [[fortis]] [[equus]], spatio qui [[saepe]] [[supremo]] Vicit [[Olympia]], Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 5, 14 (Ann. v. 442 ib.): [[aliquando]] ut vincat, ludit [[assidue]] aleam, Poët. ap. Suet. Aug. 70 fin.: L. milia, to [[win]] at [[play]], August. ib. 71.—<br /> <b>B</b> In a [[lawsuit]], etc., to be [[successful]], to [[gain]]: vincere judicio, Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 53: quem tu horum nil refelles, vincam [[scilicet]], Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 82; Hor. S. 1, 2, 134: causam suam, to [[win]], Ov. H. 16, 76.—Pass.: [[factum]] est: ventum est: vincimur, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 85.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, to [[win]], [[prevail]], be [[successful]], [[gain]], [[overcome]]: sponsione, Cic. Quint. 27, 84: sponsionem, id. Caecin. 31, 91: vicit [[iter]] durum [[pietas]], controlled, made [[easy]], Verg. A. 6, 688; cf. Mart. 5, 23, 5; Claud. Cons. Hon. 46: [[labor]] omnia vicit, Verg. G. 1, 145; cf. difficultates, Auct. B. G. 8, 21: virgam, to [[win]], Verg. A. 6, 148: vicit [[tamen]] in Senatu [[pars]] [[illa]], quae, etc., Sall. J. 16, 1: factione respectuque rerum privatarum ... [[Appius]] vicit, Liv. 2, 30, 2: cum in senatu vicisset [[sententia]], quae, etc., id. 2, 4: Othonem vincas [[volo]], to outbid (in an [[auction]]), Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; 13, 33, 2.—To [[defeat]] as a [[candidate]] for [[office]]: competitorem in suffragiis, Quint. 7, 1, 29.—<br /> <b>D</b> Transf., of [[inanimate]] subjects.<br /> <b>1</b> To [[overcome]], [[overwhelm]], [[prevail]] [[over]], etc.: (naves) neu turbine venti Vincantur, Verg. A. 9, 92: victa [[ratis]], Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12: flammam gurgitibus, id. Am. 3, 6, 42: noctem flammis, Verg. A. 1, 727: vincunt aequora navitae, [[prevail]] [[against]], [[get]] the [[better]] of, Hor. C. 3, 24, 41: victaque concessit prisca moneta novae, Ov. F. 1, 222: quernaque [[glans]] victa est utiliore [[cibo]], id. ib. 1, 676: corpora victa sopore, id. ib. 1, 422; cf.: blanda [[quies]] [[furtim]] victis obrepsit ocellis, id. ib. 3, 19: hi [[casses]] (linei) vel ferri aciem vincunt, Plin. 19, 1, 2, § 11: campum turbā vincente, [[overflowing]], Sil. 6, 390.—<br /> <b>2</b> To [[outlast]], [[survive]]: ([[aesculus]]) Multa virum volvens durando saecula vincit, Verg. G. 2, 295: vivendo mea fata, id. A. 11, 160.—<br /> <b>3</b> To [[surmount]], [[scale]]: aëra (sagittae), Verg. G. 2, 123; cf.: montes ascensu, Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 46.—<br /> <b>4</b> To [[reduce]], [[change]], etc.; of [[cooking]]: nec viscera [[quisquam]] ... potest vincere flammā, Verg. G. 3, 560: cochleas undis calefactas et [[prope]] victas, Ser. Samm. Med. 319.—Of smelting ores: metallorum [[primitiae]] nullis fornacibus victae, Tac. H. 4, 53.—Of [[melting]] [[snow]]: [[nive]], quae zephyro victa tepente fluit, Ov. F. 2, 220.— Of [[digestion]]: pervigilio [[quidem]] [[praecipue]] vincuntur cibi, Plin. 11, 53, 118, § 283.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., to [[prevail]], be [[superior]]; to [[convince]], [[refute]], [[constrain]], [[overcome]], etc.: argumentis vincit, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 267: naturam [[studio]], Caes. B. G. 6, 43: vincit ipsa rerum publicarum [[natura]] [[saepe]] rationem, Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 57; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 13: si subitam et fortuitam orationem [[commentatio]] et [[cogitatio]] [[facile]] vincit; hanc ipsam [[profecto]] assidua ac [[diligens]] [[scriptura]] superabit, id. de Or. 1, 33, 150: sapientis [[animus]] vincetur et expugnabitur? id. Par. 4, 1, 27: animum, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 29: non est consentaneum, qui invictum se a labore praestiterit, vinci a voluptate, Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68: labascit, victu'st, uno verbo, [[quam]] [[cito]]! Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 98: eludet, ubi te victum senserit, id. ib. 1, 1, 10: illius stultitiā victa ex urbe tu migres? id. Hec. 4, 2, 13: [[adulescentulus]] [[saepe]] [[eadem]] audiendo [[victus]] est, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 62: peccavi, [[fateor]], vincor, id. ib. 4, 1, 31: [[victus]] patris precibus lacrimisque, Liv. 23, 8, 4: divūm [[pater]] [[victus]] tuis vocibus, Hor. C. 4, 6, 21: est qui vinci possit, id. S. 1, 9, 55: [[pietas]] [[Victa]] furore, id. C. 3, 27, 36: [[victus]] amore [[pudor]], Ov. Am. 3, 10, 29: [[filia]] victa in lacrimas, Tac. A. 1, 57: [[victus]] animi respexit, Verg. G. 4, 491: triumphantes de lege victā et abrogatā, Liv. 34, 3, 9.— With ut: [[ergo]] negatum, vincor, ut credam [[miser]], am constrained, compelled, Hor. Epod. 17, 27.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> To overmatch in [[some]] [[quality]], to [[surpass]], [[exceed]], [[excel]], = superare: stellarum globi terrae magnitudinem [[facile]] vincebant, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16: opinionem vicit omnium, quae, etc., id. Ac. 2, 1, 1: exspectationem omnium, id. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11: eam (noctem) [[edepol]] [[etiam]] [[multo]] haec (nox) vicit longitudine, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 125: [[morum]] immanitate vastissimas vincit beluas, Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 48: [[quamlibet]] mulierculam Vincere mollitiā, Hor. Epod. 11, 24: [[odio]] qui posset vincere Regem, id. S. 1, 7, 6: scribere, [[quod]] [[Cassi]] opuscula vincat, id. Ep. 1, 4, 3; cf.: qualia (praecepta) vincunt Pythagoran, id. S. 2, 4, 2.—Poet. [[with]] inf.: vir nulli [[victus]] vel ponere [[castra]] vel junxisse ratem, etc., excelled by [[none]] in pitching a [[camp]], etc., Sil. 5, 552; 6, 141.—<br /> <b>2</b> To [[prove]] triumphantly, [[show]] or [[demonstrate]] conclusively.<br /> <b>(a)</b> With obj.-[[clause]]: [[quid]] [[nunc]]? vincon' argumentis te non esse Sosiam? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 277: [[profecto]] ita esse, et [[praedico]], [[vero]] vincam, id. Most. 1, 2, 12: vince [[deinde]], [[bonum]] virum fuisse Oppianicum, Cic. Clu. 44, 124: dicendo vincere non [[postulo]], [[Matius]] ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 4: vincet [[enim]] stultos [[ratio]] insanire nepotes, Hor. S. 2, 3, 225.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> With ut: nec vincet [[ratio]] hoc, [[tantundem]] ut peccet idemque Qui, etc., Hor. S. 1, 3, 115.—<br /> <b>(g)</b> Absol.: si [[doceo]] non ab Avito, [[vinco]] ab Oppianico, Cic. Clu. 23, 64.—<br /> <b>3</b> With [[respect]] to [[something]] [[disputed]], to [[prevail]], [[gain]] one's [[point]], [[carry]] the [[day]]. So [[only]] in the expressions,<br /> <b>a</b> Vicimus: cui si esse in urbe [[tuto]] licebit, vicimus, Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: rumpantur iniqui. Vicimus: assiduas non tulit [[illa]] [[preces]], Prop. 1, 8, 28: vicimus exclamat; [[mecum]] mea vota feruntur, Ov. M. 6, 513: vicimus et [[meus]] est, id. ib. 4, 356.—<br /> <b>b</b> Vincite, viceris, vincerent, [[have]] it [[your]] [[own]] [[way]], [[just]] as [[you]] [[like]], [[carry]] [[your]] [[point]], an [[expression]] of [[reluctant]] [[assent]]: vincite, si ita vultis, Caes. B. G. 5, 30; Ov. M. 8, 509: vincerent ac sibi haberent, [[dummodo]] scirent, Suet. Caes. 1 fin.: viceris, Ter. And. 5, 3, 21.—<br /> <b>4</b> To [[treat]] [[worthily]], [[set]] [[forth]] [[with]] [[dignity]] ([[poet]].): nec [[sum]] animi [[dubius]], verbis ea vincere magnum Quam [[sit]], Verg. G. 3, 289; cf.: vincere verbis, Lucr. 5, 733. | ||
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Revision as of 09:34, 13 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
vinco: vīci, victum, 3, v. a. and n. perh. causat. of root ικ->; Gr. εἴκω, to yield; but cf. per-vicax; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 106,
I to conquer, overcome, get the better of, defeat, subdue, vanquish, be victorious, etc. (syn.: supero, debello).
I Lit.
A In war or battle: jus esse belli, ut qui vicissent, iis, quos vicissent, quemadmodum vellent, imperarent, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 36: Carthaginienses navalibus pugnis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55: Galliam bello, Caes. B. G. 1, 34 fin.: non virtute neque in acie vicisse Romanos, id. ib. 7, 29: id vi et virtute militum victum atque expugnatum oppidum est, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 36: vicimus vi feroces, id. ib. 1, 1, 82: aio te, Aeacida, Romanos vincere posse, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 186 Vahl.): sicut fortis equus, spatio qui saepe supremo Vicit Olympia, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 5, 14 (Ann. v. 442 ib.): aliquando ut vincat, ludit assidue aleam, Poët. ap. Suet. Aug. 70 fin.: L. milia, to win at play, August. ib. 71.—
B In a lawsuit, etc., to be successful, to gain: vincere judicio, Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 53: quem tu horum nil refelles, vincam scilicet, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 82; Hor. S. 1, 2, 134: causam suam, to win, Ov. H. 16, 76.—Pass.: factum est: ventum est: vincimur, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 85.—
C In other relations, to win, prevail, be successful, gain, overcome: sponsione, Cic. Quint. 27, 84: sponsionem, id. Caecin. 31, 91: vicit iter durum pietas, controlled, made easy, Verg. A. 6, 688; cf. Mart. 5, 23, 5; Claud. Cons. Hon. 46: labor omnia vicit, Verg. G. 1, 145; cf. difficultates, Auct. B. G. 8, 21: virgam, to win, Verg. A. 6, 148: vicit tamen in Senatu pars illa, quae, etc., Sall. J. 16, 1: factione respectuque rerum privatarum ... Appius vicit, Liv. 2, 30, 2: cum in senatu vicisset sententia, quae, etc., id. 2, 4: Othonem vincas volo, to outbid (in an auction), Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; 13, 33, 2.—To defeat as a candidate for office: competitorem in suffragiis, Quint. 7, 1, 29.—
D Transf., of inanimate subjects.
1 To overcome, overwhelm, prevail over, etc.: (naves) neu turbine venti Vincantur, Verg. A. 9, 92: victa ratis, Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12: flammam gurgitibus, id. Am. 3, 6, 42: noctem flammis, Verg. A. 1, 727: vincunt aequora navitae, prevail against, get the better of, Hor. C. 3, 24, 41: victaque concessit prisca moneta novae, Ov. F. 1, 222: quernaque glans victa est utiliore cibo, id. ib. 1, 676: corpora victa sopore, id. ib. 1, 422; cf.: blanda quies furtim victis obrepsit ocellis, id. ib. 3, 19: hi casses (linei) vel ferri aciem vincunt, Plin. 19, 1, 2, § 11: campum turbā vincente, overflowing, Sil. 6, 390.—
2 To outlast, survive: (aesculus) Multa virum volvens durando saecula vincit, Verg. G. 2, 295: vivendo mea fata, id. A. 11, 160.—
3 To surmount, scale: aëra (sagittae), Verg. G. 2, 123; cf.: montes ascensu, Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 46.—
4 To reduce, change, etc.; of cooking: nec viscera quisquam ... potest vincere flammā, Verg. G. 3, 560: cochleas undis calefactas et prope victas, Ser. Samm. Med. 319.—Of smelting ores: metallorum primitiae nullis fornacibus victae, Tac. H. 4, 53.—Of melting snow: nive, quae zephyro victa tepente fluit, Ov. F. 2, 220.— Of digestion: pervigilio quidem praecipue vincuntur cibi, Plin. 11, 53, 118, § 283.—
II Trop.
A In gen., to prevail, be superior; to convince, refute, constrain, overcome, etc.: argumentis vincit, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 267: naturam studio, Caes. B. G. 6, 43: vincit ipsa rerum publicarum natura saepe rationem, Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 57; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 13: si subitam et fortuitam orationem commentatio et cogitatio facile vincit; hanc ipsam profecto assidua ac diligens scriptura superabit, id. de Or. 1, 33, 150: sapientis animus vincetur et expugnabitur? id. Par. 4, 1, 27: animum, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 29: non est consentaneum, qui invictum se a labore praestiterit, vinci a voluptate, Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68: labascit, victu'st, uno verbo, quam cito! Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 98: eludet, ubi te victum senserit, id. ib. 1, 1, 10: illius stultitiā victa ex urbe tu migres? id. Hec. 4, 2, 13: adulescentulus saepe eadem audiendo victus est, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 62: peccavi, fateor, vincor, id. ib. 4, 1, 31: victus patris precibus lacrimisque, Liv. 23, 8, 4: divūm pater victus tuis vocibus, Hor. C. 4, 6, 21: est qui vinci possit, id. S. 1, 9, 55: pietas Victa furore, id. C. 3, 27, 36: victus amore pudor, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 29: filia victa in lacrimas, Tac. A. 1, 57: victus animi respexit, Verg. G. 4, 491: triumphantes de lege victā et abrogatā, Liv. 34, 3, 9.— With ut: ergo negatum, vincor, ut credam miser, am constrained, compelled, Hor. Epod. 17, 27.—
B In partic.
1 To overmatch in some quality, to surpass, exceed, excel, = superare: stellarum globi terrae magnitudinem facile vincebant, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16: opinionem vicit omnium, quae, etc., id. Ac. 2, 1, 1: exspectationem omnium, id. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11: eam (noctem) edepol etiam multo haec (nox) vicit longitudine, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 125: morum immanitate vastissimas vincit beluas, Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 48: quamlibet mulierculam Vincere mollitiā, Hor. Epod. 11, 24: odio qui posset vincere Regem, id. S. 1, 7, 6: scribere, quod Cassi opuscula vincat, id. Ep. 1, 4, 3; cf.: qualia (praecepta) vincunt Pythagoran, id. S. 2, 4, 2.—Poet. with inf.: vir nulli victus vel ponere castra vel junxisse ratem, etc., excelled by none in pitching a camp, etc., Sil. 5, 552; 6, 141.—
2 To prove triumphantly, show or demonstrate conclusively.
(a) With obj.-clause: quid nunc? vincon' argumentis te non esse Sosiam? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 277: profecto ita esse, et praedico, vero vincam, id. Most. 1, 2, 12: vince deinde, bonum virum fuisse Oppianicum, Cic. Clu. 44, 124: dicendo vincere non postulo, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 4: vincet enim stultos ratio insanire nepotes, Hor. S. 2, 3, 225.—
(b) With ut: nec vincet ratio hoc, tantundem ut peccet idemque Qui, etc., Hor. S. 1, 3, 115.—
(g) Absol.: si doceo non ab Avito, vinco ab Oppianico, Cic. Clu. 23, 64.—
3 With respect to something disputed, to prevail, gain one's point, carry the day. So only in the expressions,
a Vicimus: cui si esse in urbe tuto licebit, vicimus, Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: rumpantur iniqui. Vicimus: assiduas non tulit illa preces, Prop. 1, 8, 28: vicimus exclamat; mecum mea vota feruntur, Ov. M. 6, 513: vicimus et meus est, id. ib. 4, 356.—
b Vincite, viceris, vincerent, have it your own way, just as you like, carry your point, an expression of reluctant assent: vincite, si ita vultis, Caes. B. G. 5, 30; Ov. M. 8, 509: vincerent ac sibi haberent, dummodo scirent, Suet. Caes. 1 fin.: viceris, Ter. And. 5, 3, 21.—
4 To treat worthily, set forth with dignity (poet.): nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit, Verg. G. 3, 289; cf.: vincere verbis, Lucr. 5, 733.
