commodus

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

com-mŏdus: a, um, adj.,
I that has a due or proper measure; hence,
I Object., complete, perfect, of full weight or measure, fit, suitable, due, proper, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; most freq. in Plaut.): statura, a tall stature, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21: capillus, id. Most. 1, 3, 98: viginti argenti minae, full twenty, id. As. 3, 3, 134 (cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 144: minae bonae); id. Merc. 2, 3, 101: talentum argenti, id. Rud. 5, 2, 31; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 266, 27: novem cyathis commodis miscentur pocula, Hor. C. 3, 19, 12: alimenta, Dig. 34, 1, 16, § 1: capitis valetudo commodior, more firm, Cels. 8, 1; Quint. 6, 3, 77; and transf. to the person: vivere filium atque etiam commodiorem esse, to be better, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 4.—
II Subject., suitable, fit, convenient, opportune, commodious, easy, appropriate for some one or something, favorable, friendly to (in every period and species of composition); constr. with dat. or absol., rarely with ad (v. the foll.).
   A Of things.
   1    With dat.
   a Of the purpose or use: curationi omnia commodiora, Liv. 30, 19, 5: nec pecori opportuna seges nec commoda Baccho, Verg. G. 4, 129.—
   b Of the person: hoc et vobis et meae commodum famae arbitror, Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 9: quod erit mihi bonum et commodum, id. Phorm. 1, 2, 81: nulla lex satis commoda omnibus est (corresp. with prodesse), Liv. 34, 3, 5: primordia eloquentiae mortalibus, Tac. Or. 12: hanc sibi commodissimam belli rationem judicavit, Caes. B. C. 3, 85: quae sit stella homini commoda, quaeque mala, Prop. 2 (3), 27, 4.—
   2    Absol.: hiberna, Liv. 42, 67, 8: longius ceterum commodius iter, id. 22, 2, 2; cf.: commodissimus in Britanniam transjectus, Caes. B. G. 5, 2: commodius anni tempus, Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; cf. Ter. And. 5, 2, 3: faciliore ac commodiore judicio, Cic. Caecin. 3, 8: litterae satis commodae de Britannicis rebus, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 25: mores, id. Lael. 15, 54: commodissimum esse statuit, omnes naves subduci, etc., Caes. B. G. 5, 11.—
   3    With or without dat. pers. in the phrase commodum est, it pleases, is agreeable, = libet: proinde ut commodum est, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 8; 3, 1, 2: dum erit commodum, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 38: si id non commodum est, id. Eun. 3, 2, 49; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 37; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33 Ascon.; 2, 2, 16, § 39; 2, 1, 26, § 65; 2, 3, 70, § 165; id. Div. 1, 49, 111; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87; Plin. Pan. 48, 1: id si tibi erit commodum, cures velim, Cic. Att. 13, 48, 2; Cels. 4, 4; 4, 22.—
   4    With ad and acc. of purpose (very rare): nec satis ad cursus commoda vestis Erat, Ov. F. 2, 288.—
   5    With sup. in u (rare): hoc exornationis genus ... commodum est auditu, Auct. Her. 4, 18, 26.—
   B Of persons, serving a neighbor or (more freq.) accommodating one's self to his wishes, useful, serviceable, pleasant, agreeable, obliging, neighborly, friendly, polite, affable, gentle, etc.: mihi commodus uni, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 227: quemquamne existimas Catone commodiorem, communiorem, moderatiorem fuisse ad omnem rationem humanitatis? Cic. Mur. 31, 66: commodior mitiorque, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 39: Apronius, qui aliis inhumanus ac barbarus, isti uni commodus ac disertus, id. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23: convivae, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 2; cf.: commodus comissator, Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8; and: commodus meis sodalibus, Hor. C. 4, 8, 1: homines, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 28: mulier commoda, Faceta, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 10; cf. id. And. 5, 2, 3.—In a double sense with I. supra: ubi tu commoda's, capillum commodum esse credito, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 98.—Poet., of the measure of iambic verse: spondeos in jura paterna recepit Commodus et patiens, sharing the paternal rights with them, in a fraternal manner, Hor. A. P. 257.—Hence,
III Subst.: commŏdum, i, n.
   1    A convenient opportunity, favorable condition, convenience (rare, but in good prose): nostrum exspectare, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1: cum tamdiu sedens meum commodum exspectet, id. ib. 14, 2, 3; 12, 38, 1: velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas, when it shall be convenient for you, id. ib. 12, 28, 3.—More freq.,
   b In the connection commodo meo, tuo, etc., per commodum, ex commodo, at, or according to my, thy, etc., convenience, conveniently, at one's leisure: etiamsi spatium ad dicendum nostro commodo vacuosque dies habuissemus, according to our convenience, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: quod commodo tuo fiat, id. Fam. 4, 2, 4; 1, 1, 3; id. Att. 13, 48, 1: suo commodo me convenire, Caes. ap. Cic. ib. 14, 1, 2: ubi consul copias per commodum exponere posset, Liv. 42, 18, 3: tamquam lecturus ex commodo, Sen. Ep. 46, 1; Col. 12, 19, 3; so opp. festinanter, id. 6, 2, 14.—
   2    Advantage, profit (very freq. in all periods and species of composition): commodum est, quod plus usus habet quam molestiae: bonum sincerum debet esse et ab omni parte innoxium, Sen. Ep. 87, 36 sq.: ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda, Ter. And. 4, 1, 4: ut ex illius commodo meum compararem commodum, id. Heaut. 2, 4, 17; cf. id. Hec. 5, 3, 42; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 23: cui tam subito tot congruerint commoda, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3: (honestatem) ipsam suo splendore ad se animos ducere, nullo prorsus commodo extrinsecus posito, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Ac. 3, 7, 15 (IV. 2, p. 470 Orell.): sequi matris commodum, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 31: pacis, Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 335: contra valetudinis commodum laborare, to the injury of health, id. Mur. 23, 47: mea, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 37: in publica peccem, id. ib. 2, 1, 3; cf.: populi commoda, Nep. Phoc. 4, 1.—
   b Specif., a reward, pay, stipend, salary, wages for public service: veteranorum, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 3: omnibus provincialibus ornamentis commodisque depositis, emoluments, id. Red. in Sen. 14, 35; Suet. Ner. 32; cf.: emeritae militiae, id. Calig. 44; id. Aug. 49; cf. also id. Vit. 15; id. Galb. 12: militibus commoda dare, Ov. A. A. 1, 131 sq.: tribunatus, Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1: missionum, Suet. Aug. 49.—
   c A favor, privilege, immunity, Suet. Aug. 31; id. Claud. 19.—
   d A useful thing, a good: commoda vitae, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87; Lucr. 3, 2; cf.: cetera opinione bona sunt... proprietas in illis boni non est. Itaque commoda vocentur, Sen. Ep. 74, 17: inter commoda illas (divitias) numeratis: atqui eādem ratione ne commodum quidem erunt, id. ib. 87, 29. —
   e Sometimes commodo or per commodum, adverb. antith. to that which is injurious, without injury or detriment: ut regem reducas, quod commodo rei publicae facere possis, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3: si per commodum reipublicae posset, Romam venisset, Liv. 10, 25, 17.—
   3    Concr., = commodatum, that which is lent, a loan: qui forum et basilicas commodis hospitum, non furtis nocentium ornarent, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf. Isid. Orig. 5, 25, 16.—
   B Advv.:
   1    commŏdum, adv. temp. (only in colloquial lang. and post-class. prose writers).
   a At a fit time, just in time, at the very nick, at the very moment, opportunely, seasonably ( = opportune, εὐκαίρως): ecce autem commodum aperitur foris, Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 61: commodum adveni domum, id. Am. 2, 2, 37: orditur loqui, id. Trin. 5, 2, 12: ipse exit Lesbonicus, id. ib. 2, 3, 9: εὐκαίρως ad me venit, cum haberem Dolabellam, Torquatus... commodum egeram diligentissime, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 47. —
   b To designate a point of time that corresponds with another, or that just precedes it, just, just then, just now.
   (a)    Absol.: ad te hercle ibam commodum, Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 3; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9: Taurus, sectatoribus commodum dimissis, sedebat, etc., Gell. 2, 2, 2: si istac ibis, commodum obviam venies patri, just meet, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 107. —
   (b)    With postquam or (more freq.) with cum in a parallel clause: postquam me misisti ad portum cum luci simul, Commodum radiosus ecce sol superabat ex mari, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 41: quom huc respicio ad virginem, Illa sese interea commodum huc advorterat, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 52: commodum discesseras heri, cum Trebatius venit, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1: emerseram commodum ex Antiati in Appiam, cum in me incurrit Curio, id. ib. 2, 12, 2 B. and K. (al. commode); so with the pluperf. and a foll. cum, id. ib. 13, 19, 1; 13, 30, 2; 10, 16, 1; App. M. 1, p. 107, 15: adducitur a Veneriis Lollius commodum cum Apronius e palaestrā redisset, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 B. and K. (Zumpt, commode): cum jam filiae nostrae dies natalis appeteret, commodum aderant, quae muneri miseratis, Symm. Ep. 3, 50. —
   2    commŏdŏ, adv. temp., = commodum, a., just in time, seasonably, just at this time (ante-class. and very rare): commodo eccum exit, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 177 P. (i. e. in tempore, Charis.): commodo de parte superiore descendebat, Sisenn. ib.: commodo dictitemus, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 174; cf. id. ib. p. 177.—
   3    commŏdē, adv.
   a (Acc. to commodus, I.) Duly, properly, completely, rightly, well, skilfully, neatly, etc. (class.): suo quique loco viden' capillus satis compositu'st commode? Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97: commode amictus non sum, id. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 3: saltare, Nep. praef. § 1: legere, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 3; cf. in comp., id. ib. 9, 34, 1: multa breviter et commode dicta, Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; id. Rosc. Am. 4, 9; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 20; 1, 2, 33 al.: cogitare, id. Heaut. prol. 14: audire, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134: valere, Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11: feceris commode mihique gratum, si, etc., Cic. Att. 10, 3 fin.: commode facere, quod, etc., id. ib. 11, 7, 7; in comp.: commodius fecissent tribuni plebis, si, etc., id. Agr. 3, 1, 1.—In medic.: commode facere, to do well, be beneficial, Cels. 4, 12.—
   b (Acc. to commodus, II.)
   (a)    Conveniently, suitably, opportunely, fitly, aptly, appropriately: magis commode quam strenue navigavi, Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1: ille satis scite et commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi, id. Fam. 11, 16, 1: vos istic commodissime sperem esse, id. ib. 14, 7, 2: explorat, quo commodissime itinere valles transiri possit, Caes. B. G. 5, 49 fin.: hoc ego commodius quam tu vivo, Hor. S. 1, 6, 110; cf.: consumere vitiatum commodius quam integrum, id. ib. 2, 2, 91; Quint. 6, 3, 54: cui commodissime subjungitur, id. 9, 3, 82; cf. id. 4, 1, 76.—
   (b)    In a friendly manner, pleasantly, gently, kindly: acceptae bene et commode eximus, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 1; id. Poen. 1, 2, 190; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 48.—
   c (Equiv. to commodum, adv. b.) Just, just at the moment when, etc.; only v.l. in the doubtful passages cited supra, commodum, b. fin.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) commŏdus,⁹ a, um, (cum, modus, qui est de mesure),
1 convenable, approprié : commodā staturā Pl. As. 401, d’une bonne taille ; tribus aut novem miscentur cyathis pocula commodis Hor. O. 3, 19, 12, on fait le mélange des coupes avec les trois ou neuf cyathes qui conviennent ; viginti argenti commodæ minæ Pl. As. 725, les vingt mines d’argent appropriées (qu’il me faut); cum urbanas res commodiorem in statum pervenisse intellegeret Cæs. G. 7, 6, 1, comprenant que les affaires de Rome étaient arrivées à un état meilleur ; hanc sibi commodissimam belli rationem judicavit, uti... Cæs. C. 3, 85, 2, il jugea que sa meilleure tactique était de...; commodius tempus anni Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1, saison plus opportune, plus favorable || commodum (commodius, commodissimum) est, il est convenable, commode, opportun, avantageux : eum judicem, quem commodum erat, dabat Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, il désignait le juge qu’il était à son avantage de désigner ; commodissimum esse statuit, omnes naves subduci Cæs. G. 5, 11, 5, il décida que le mieux était qu’on tirât tous les navires à sec sur le rivage
2 accommodant, bienveillant : Cic. Mur. 66 ; Q. 1, 1, 39 ; Læl. 54 || plaisant, agréable : aliis inhumanus ac barbarus, isti uni commodus ac disertus Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, [il était] pour les autres sauvage et grossier, pour lui seul agréable et disert.