frango: Difference between revisions
πολλάκις δοκεῖ τὸ φυλάξαι τἀγαθὰ τοῦ κτήσασθαι χαλεπώτερον εἶναι → it often proves harder to keep than to win prosperity | it is often harder for men to keep the good they have, than it was to obtain it
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|lshtext=<b>frango</b>: frēgi, fractum, 3, v. a. [[root]] in Gr. FPAT, [[ῥήγνυμι]], [[ῥῆγμα]], [[ῥωγαλέος]]; Goth. Brikkan; Irish brissim; Germ. brechen; Engl. [[break]]; [[but]] cf. Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 182, and<br /> v. the [[letter]] F,<br /><b>I</b> to [[break]], [[break]] in pieces, [[dash]] to pieces, [[shiver]], [[break]] in [[two]] (cf.: [[rumpo]], [[diffringo]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: hastas frangit quatitque, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 435 ed. Vahl.); cf.: aes sonit, franguntur hastae, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 504, 33 (Trag. v. 213 ed. Vahl.): [[fraxinus]] frangitur [[atque]] [[abies]] consternitur alta, is [[broken]], felled, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 195 ed. Vahl.): simulacra, Lucr. 6, 419: milvo est quoddam [[bellum]] [[quasi]] naturale cum corvo: [[ergo]] [[alter]] alterius [[ubicumque]] [[nactus]] est ova, frangit, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: [[anulus]] [[aureus]] [[fractus]] et comminatus est, id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56: compluribus navibus fractis, dashed to pieces, Caes. B. G. 4, 29, 3: naves, Hor. A. P. 20: navem is fregit [[apud]] Andrum insulam, Ter. And. 1, 3, 17; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 44, 57: [[domus]] fracta conjectu lapidum, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2: janua frangatur, latret [[canis]], Hor. S. 1, 2, 128: patinam, id. ib. 2, 8, 72: lagenam, id. ib. 81: crystallina, Mart. 14, 111: aulas in [[caput]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21: corpora ad [[saxum]], Verg. A. 3, 625: vindices rerum capitalium [[laqueo]] gulam fregere, broke his [[neck]], strangled him, Sall. C. 55, 5: cervices civium Romanorum in carcere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147; id. Vatin. 11, 26: [[senile]] [[guttur]] parentis impiā manu, Hor. Epod. 3, 2: [[cerebrum]], Verg. A. 5, 413: brachium, Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. coxam, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5: [[crus]], Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 59: crura, Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 27; Suet. Aug. 67; id. Tib. 44; Vulg. Johan. 19, 31: [[cornu]] in arbore, Ov. F. 5, 121: non ego te, [[tigris]] ut aspera Gaetulusve leo, frangere [[persequor]], to [[tear]] in pieces, Hor. C. 1, 23, 10; cf.: indomitos ut cum Massyla per arva Armenti reges magno leo fregit hiatu, etc., Stat. Th. 11, 28; Val. Fl. 2, 458; Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150: [[nubes]] in montem actae non franguntur, sed circumfunduntur, Sen. Q. N. 2, 28, 2.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., in gen., to [[break]] up [[small]], to [[grind]], [[bruise]], [[crush]] (freq. [[since]] the Aug. per.): glebam bidentibus, Verg. G. 2, 400; glebas, id. ib. 3, 161: [[fruges]] robore saxi, Lucr. 1, 882: farra saxo, Val. Fl. 2, 448: [[hordeum]] molis, Plin. 18, 7, 14, § 72: [[granum]] dentibus, id. 18, 24, 54, § 196: fabam, id. 19, 3, 15, § 40: glandem (sues), Verg. G. 2, 72: testes homini, Plin. 11, 49, 110, § 263: toros, to [[press]], [[throw]] one's [[self]] [[upon]], Mart. 2, 59, 3; 4, 8, 6: comam in [[gradus]], to [[twist]], [[braid]], Quint. 1, 6, 44: [[mare]] montis ad ejus Radices frangit [[fluctus]], breaks, Lucr. 6, 695; cf.: [[quam]] (fortunam) [[existimo]] levem et imbecillam ab [[animo]] [[firmo]] et gravi [[tamquam]] fluctum a saxo frangi oportere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 6: [[fluctus]] ([[scopulus]]), Luc. 6, 266: undam, Ov. F. 4, 282: aquas, Quint. 9, 4, 7: amnem nando, Luc. 8, 374; cf. Sil. 3, 457; 8, 555: [[iter]], i. e. [[turn]] [[off]] from it, Stat. Th. 12, 232.<br /><b>II</b> Trop., to [[break]] [[down]], [[subdue]], [[weaken]], [[diminish]], [[violate]]; to [[soften]], [[move]], [[touch]]: quem (Viriathum) C. [[Laelius]] [[praetor]] ita fregit et comminuit ferocitatemque ejus ita repressit, ut, etc., broke [[down]], [[subdued]], Cic. Off. 2, 11 fin.; cf.: fractam illam et debilitatam vim suam, etc., id. Fam. 1, 9, 2: quem [[series]] immensa laborum fregerit, Ov. H. 9, 6: nationes frangere domareque, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33: proeliis calamitatibusque fracti, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 7: victi sumus [[igitur]], aut, si vinci [[dignitas]] non potest, fracti [[certe]] et abjecti, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2: te ut ulla res frangat? would [[break]], [[shake]] [[thy]] [[resolution]], id. Cat. 1, 9, 22; cf.: frangi metu, cupiditate, id. Off. 1, 20, 68: [[fractus]] ac debilitatus metu, id. de Or. 1, 26, 121: flecti [[animo]] [[atque]] frangi, id. Sull. 6, 18: frangi [[animo]], id. Phil. 2, 15, 37: dolore, id. Fin. 2, 29, 95: misericordiā, id. Att. 7, 12, 3: pudore, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48 et simil.; cf. also: aliquem auctoritate, id. ib. 1, 21 fin.: aliquem patientiā, id. Brut. 25, 95: quae (vis) [[summas]] frangit infirmatque [[opes]], Poët. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 28: debilitatur ac frangitur [[eloquentia]], Tac. Dial. 39: [[mollis]] [[illa]] [[educatio]], [[quam]] indulgentiam vocamus, nervos omnes et mentis et corporis frangit, Quint. 1, 2, 6: frangitur vox, id. 11, 3, 20; cf. id. 12, 11, 2: vox Auditur fractos [[sonitus]] imitata tubarum, Verg. G. 4, 72: et [[illa]] ([[littera]]), quae est sexta nostrarum (i. e. F) quoties [[aliquam]] consonantem frangit, ut in hoc ipso frangit, [[multo]] [[fit]] horridior, i. e. weakens, Quint. 12, 10, 29 Spald. (v. the [[passage]] in its [[connection]]); cf. id. 1, 4, 11: [[primum]] divisit ineleganter: duo [[enim]] genera quae erant, fecit tria: hoc est non dividere, sed frangere, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 26; cf.: frangas citius [[quam]] corrigas, quae in pravum induruerunt, Quint. 1, 3, 12: [[bellum]] proeliis frangere, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32: dignitatem, id. Fam. 9, 16, 6: hunc ([[pedum]] dolorem) abstinentiā, sanctitate vicit et fregit, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 5: ut equorum cursum delicati minutis passibus frangunt, Quint. 9, 4, 113: animos frangi et debilitari molestiā, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: [[ingenium]] ([[mala]]), Ov. Tr. 3, 14, 33: sublimia pectora ([[Venus]] et [[vinum]]), id. F. 1, 301: ego [[unus]] contudi et fregi exsultantis praedonis audaciam, Cic. Phil. 13, 13 fin.; cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. 301, 8 (id. Rep. 3, 36 ed. Mos.): furorem et petulantiam alicujus, id. Pis. 14, 31: libidines, id. Leg. 3, 13, 31: [[odium]] iramque ([[risus]]), Quint. 6, 3, 9: impetum cogitationis (membranae), id. 10, 3, 31: [[consilium]] alicujus, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 4; cf.: sententiam alicujus, id. ib. 1, 4, 1: [[foedus]], id. Pis. 12, 28; id. Scaur. 42: fidem, id. Rosc. Com. 6, 16: jura pudicitiae, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 28: mandata, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 19: fas, Grat. Cyneg. 451: morantem diem mero (= breviorem reddere), to [[shorten]], Hor. C. 2, 7, 6: vina, i. e. to [[weaken]], [[dilute]], Mart. 14, 103; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 138: cum frangerem jam [[ipse]] me cogeremque [[illa]] ferre [[toleranter]], Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2: nec [[animus]] tantis se laboribus frangeret, [[neque]], etc., id. Arch. 11, 29: [[ante]] [[quam]] calores aut frigora se fregerunt, diminished, abated, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18; cf.: [[Scaevola]] [[paulum]] quiescet, dum se [[calor]] frangat, Cic. de Or. 1, 62, 265: fracti [[aestus]] et [[nondum]] orta frigora, Cels. 7, 7, 4 fin.; cf.: [[fluctus]] se frangit, Sen. Med. 392: [[glacies]] se frangit, id. Q. N. 4, 5, 4.—Hence, [[fractus]], a, um, P. a., weakened, [[weak]], [[feeble]], [[faint]]: jamque [[adeo]] fracta est [[aetas]] effetaque [[tellus]] Vix animalia parva creat, Lucr. 2, 1151: [[quod]] me audis fractiorem esse [[animo]], i. e. [[more]] [[disheartened]], [[less]] [[courageous]], Cic. Att. 11, 12, 4; cf.: [[spes]] amplificandae fortunae fractior, id. Lael. 16, 59: in compositione [[fractus]], [[powerless]], [[feeble]], Quint. 12, 10, 12; cf.: [[quid]] est tam fractum, tam minutum, tam in ipsa concinnitate [[puerile]]? Cic. Brut. 83, 287; and: corruptum et omnibus vitiis fractum dicendi [[genus]], Quint. 10, 1, 125: corrupta [[oratio]] [[maxime]] comprehensione obscura, compositione fracta consistit, id. 8, 3, 57: effeminata et fracta impudicis modis ([[musice]]), id. 1, 10, 31. | |lshtext=<b>frango</b>: frēgi, fractum, 3, v. a. [[root]] in Gr. FPAT, [[ῥήγνυμι]], [[ῥῆγμα]], [[ῥωγαλέος]]; Goth. Brikkan; Irish brissim; Germ. brechen; Engl. [[break]]; [[but]] cf. Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 182, and<br /> v. the [[letter]] F,<br /><b>I</b> to [[break]], [[break]] in pieces, [[dash]] to pieces, [[shiver]], [[break]] in [[two]] (cf.: [[rumpo]], [[diffringo]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: hastas frangit quatitque, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 435 ed. Vahl.); cf.: aes sonit, franguntur hastae, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 504, 33 (Trag. v. 213 ed. Vahl.): [[fraxinus]] frangitur [[atque]] [[abies]] consternitur alta, is [[broken]], felled, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 195 ed. Vahl.): simulacra, Lucr. 6, 419: milvo est quoddam [[bellum]] [[quasi]] naturale cum corvo: [[ergo]] [[alter]] alterius [[ubicumque]] [[nactus]] est ova, frangit, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: [[anulus]] [[aureus]] [[fractus]] et comminatus est, id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56: compluribus navibus fractis, dashed to pieces, Caes. B. G. 4, 29, 3: naves, Hor. A. P. 20: navem is fregit [[apud]] Andrum insulam, Ter. And. 1, 3, 17; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 44, 57: [[domus]] fracta conjectu lapidum, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2: janua frangatur, latret [[canis]], Hor. S. 1, 2, 128: patinam, id. ib. 2, 8, 72: lagenam, id. ib. 81: crystallina, Mart. 14, 111: aulas in [[caput]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21: corpora ad [[saxum]], Verg. A. 3, 625: vindices rerum capitalium [[laqueo]] gulam fregere, broke his [[neck]], strangled him, Sall. C. 55, 5: cervices civium Romanorum in carcere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147; id. Vatin. 11, 26: [[senile]] [[guttur]] parentis impiā manu, Hor. Epod. 3, 2: [[cerebrum]], Verg. A. 5, 413: brachium, Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. coxam, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5: [[crus]], Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 59: crura, Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 27; Suet. Aug. 67; id. Tib. 44; Vulg. Johan. 19, 31: [[cornu]] in arbore, Ov. F. 5, 121: non ego te, [[tigris]] ut aspera Gaetulusve leo, frangere [[persequor]], to [[tear]] in pieces, Hor. C. 1, 23, 10; cf.: indomitos ut cum Massyla per arva Armenti reges magno leo fregit hiatu, etc., Stat. Th. 11, 28; Val. Fl. 2, 458; Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150: [[nubes]] in montem actae non franguntur, sed circumfunduntur, Sen. Q. N. 2, 28, 2.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., in gen., to [[break]] up [[small]], to [[grind]], [[bruise]], [[crush]] (freq. [[since]] the Aug. per.): glebam bidentibus, Verg. G. 2, 400; glebas, id. ib. 3, 161: [[fruges]] robore saxi, Lucr. 1, 882: farra saxo, Val. Fl. 2, 448: [[hordeum]] molis, Plin. 18, 7, 14, § 72: [[granum]] dentibus, id. 18, 24, 54, § 196: fabam, id. 19, 3, 15, § 40: glandem (sues), Verg. G. 2, 72: testes homini, Plin. 11, 49, 110, § 263: toros, to [[press]], [[throw]] one's [[self]] [[upon]], Mart. 2, 59, 3; 4, 8, 6: comam in [[gradus]], to [[twist]], [[braid]], Quint. 1, 6, 44: [[mare]] montis ad ejus Radices frangit [[fluctus]], breaks, Lucr. 6, 695; cf.: [[quam]] (fortunam) [[existimo]] levem et imbecillam ab [[animo]] [[firmo]] et gravi [[tamquam]] fluctum a saxo frangi oportere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 6: [[fluctus]] ([[scopulus]]), Luc. 6, 266: undam, Ov. F. 4, 282: aquas, Quint. 9, 4, 7: amnem nando, Luc. 8, 374; cf. Sil. 3, 457; 8, 555: [[iter]], i. e. [[turn]] [[off]] from it, Stat. Th. 12, 232.<br /><b>II</b> Trop., to [[break]] [[down]], [[subdue]], [[weaken]], [[diminish]], [[violate]]; to [[soften]], [[move]], [[touch]]: quem (Viriathum) C. [[Laelius]] [[praetor]] ita fregit et comminuit ferocitatemque ejus ita repressit, ut, etc., broke [[down]], [[subdued]], Cic. Off. 2, 11 fin.; cf.: fractam illam et debilitatam vim suam, etc., id. Fam. 1, 9, 2: quem [[series]] immensa laborum fregerit, Ov. H. 9, 6: nationes frangere domareque, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33: proeliis calamitatibusque fracti, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 7: victi sumus [[igitur]], aut, si vinci [[dignitas]] non potest, fracti [[certe]] et abjecti, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2: te ut ulla res frangat? would [[break]], [[shake]] [[thy]] [[resolution]], id. Cat. 1, 9, 22; cf.: frangi metu, cupiditate, id. Off. 1, 20, 68: [[fractus]] ac debilitatus metu, id. de Or. 1, 26, 121: flecti [[animo]] [[atque]] frangi, id. Sull. 6, 18: frangi [[animo]], id. Phil. 2, 15, 37: dolore, id. Fin. 2, 29, 95: misericordiā, id. Att. 7, 12, 3: pudore, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48 et simil.; cf. also: aliquem auctoritate, id. ib. 1, 21 fin.: aliquem patientiā, id. Brut. 25, 95: quae (vis) [[summas]] frangit infirmatque [[opes]], Poët. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 28: debilitatur ac frangitur [[eloquentia]], Tac. Dial. 39: [[mollis]] [[illa]] [[educatio]], [[quam]] indulgentiam vocamus, nervos omnes et mentis et corporis frangit, Quint. 1, 2, 6: frangitur vox, id. 11, 3, 20; cf. id. 12, 11, 2: vox Auditur fractos [[sonitus]] imitata tubarum, Verg. G. 4, 72: et [[illa]] ([[littera]]), quae est sexta nostrarum (i. e. F) quoties [[aliquam]] consonantem frangit, ut in hoc ipso frangit, [[multo]] [[fit]] horridior, i. e. weakens, Quint. 12, 10, 29 Spald. (v. the [[passage]] in its [[connection]]); cf. id. 1, 4, 11: [[primum]] divisit ineleganter: duo [[enim]] genera quae erant, fecit tria: hoc est non dividere, sed frangere, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 26; cf.: frangas citius [[quam]] corrigas, quae in pravum induruerunt, Quint. 1, 3, 12: [[bellum]] proeliis frangere, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32: dignitatem, id. Fam. 9, 16, 6: hunc ([[pedum]] dolorem) abstinentiā, sanctitate vicit et fregit, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 5: ut equorum cursum delicati minutis passibus frangunt, Quint. 9, 4, 113: animos frangi et debilitari molestiā, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: [[ingenium]] ([[mala]]), Ov. Tr. 3, 14, 33: sublimia pectora ([[Venus]] et [[vinum]]), id. F. 1, 301: ego [[unus]] contudi et fregi exsultantis praedonis audaciam, Cic. Phil. 13, 13 fin.; cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. 301, 8 (id. Rep. 3, 36 ed. Mos.): furorem et petulantiam alicujus, id. Pis. 14, 31: libidines, id. Leg. 3, 13, 31: [[odium]] iramque ([[risus]]), Quint. 6, 3, 9: impetum cogitationis (membranae), id. 10, 3, 31: [[consilium]] alicujus, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 4; cf.: sententiam alicujus, id. ib. 1, 4, 1: [[foedus]], id. Pis. 12, 28; id. Scaur. 42: fidem, id. Rosc. Com. 6, 16: jura pudicitiae, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 28: mandata, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 19: fas, Grat. Cyneg. 451: morantem diem mero (= breviorem reddere), to [[shorten]], Hor. C. 2, 7, 6: vina, i. e. to [[weaken]], [[dilute]], Mart. 14, 103; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 138: cum frangerem jam [[ipse]] me cogeremque [[illa]] ferre [[toleranter]], Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2: nec [[animus]] tantis se laboribus frangeret, [[neque]], etc., id. Arch. 11, 29: [[ante]] [[quam]] calores aut frigora se fregerunt, diminished, abated, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18; cf.: [[Scaevola]] [[paulum]] quiescet, dum se [[calor]] frangat, Cic. de Or. 1, 62, 265: fracti [[aestus]] et [[nondum]] orta frigora, Cels. 7, 7, 4 fin.; cf.: [[fluctus]] se frangit, Sen. Med. 392: [[glacies]] se frangit, id. Q. N. 4, 5, 4.—Hence, [[fractus]], a, um, P. a., weakened, [[weak]], [[feeble]], [[faint]]: jamque [[adeo]] fracta est [[aetas]] effetaque [[tellus]] Vix animalia parva creat, Lucr. 2, 1151: [[quod]] me audis fractiorem esse [[animo]], i. e. [[more]] [[disheartened]], [[less]] [[courageous]], Cic. Att. 11, 12, 4; cf.: [[spes]] amplificandae fortunae fractior, id. Lael. 16, 59: in compositione [[fractus]], [[powerless]], [[feeble]], Quint. 12, 10, 12; cf.: [[quid]] est tam fractum, tam minutum, tam in ipsa concinnitate [[puerile]]? Cic. Brut. 83, 287; and: corruptum et omnibus vitiis fractum dicendi [[genus]], Quint. 10, 1, 125: corrupta [[oratio]] [[maxime]] comprehensione obscura, compositione fracta consistit, id. 8, 3, 57: effeminata et fracta impudicis modis ([[musice]]), id. 1, 10, 31. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>frangō</b>,⁷ frēgī, frāctum, ĕre, tr.,<br /><b>1</b> briser, rompre, fracasser, mettre en pièces : ova Cic. Nat. 2, 125, briser des œufs ; anulum Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, rompre un anneau ; [[domus]] fracta conjectu lapidum Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2, maison fracassée par une grêle de pierres ; compluribus navibus fractis Cæs. G. 4, 29, 3, plusieurs navires étant brisés ; [[laqueo]] gulam frangere Sall. C. 55, 5, briser la gorge avec un lacet, étrangler ; cervices alicujus Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 147, tordre le cou à qqn || glebam Virg. G. 2, 400, briser la terre ; [[fruges]] Lucr. 1, 882, broyer le blé, cf. Virg. G. 1, 267 ; Plin. 18, 72 ; [[glacies]] se frangit Sen. Nat. 4, 5, 4, la glace se brise || [avec retour sur le sujet] : [[brachium]], coxam, se casser le bras, la cuisse, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 253 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 2, 1, 5 ; navem fregit [[apud]] Andrum Ter. Andr. 222, il a eu son navire brisé près d’[[Andros]]<br /><b>2</b> [métaph.] : <b> a)</b> mettre en pièces : [[hoc]] [[est]] [[non]] dividere, [[sed]] frangere Cic. Fin. 2, 26, ce n’[[est]] pas diviser, c’[[est]] émietter ; fracti [[sonitus]] tubarum Virg. G. 4, 72, les éclats du son des trompettes ; <b> b)</b> affaiblir, atténuer : consonantium nulla [[nisi]] alteram frangit Quint. 1, 4, 11, une consonne n’affaiblit qu’une autre consonne [qui suit], cf. Quint. 12, 10, 29 ; [[calor]] se frangit Cic. de Or. 1, 265, la chaleur s’atténue, cf. [[Varro]] R. 2, 2, 18 ; <b> c)</b> [[iter]] Stat. Th. 10, 183 ; 12, 232, perdre son chemin<br /><b>3</b> [fig.] briser, anéantir : [[bellum]] prœliis Cic. Prov. 32, briser (étouffer) une guerre par des combats ; joint à debilitare, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 121 ; Fam. 1, 9, 2 ; Q. 1, 1, 2, etc. ; [[consilium]] alicujus Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 4 ; sententiam alicujus Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 1, briser les projets de qqn, démolir la proposition de qqn ; se laboribus Cic. Arch. 29, se briser (se tuer) dans des labeurs ; fœdus Cic. Domo 66, rompre un traité ; fidem Cic. Com. 16, manquer à sa parole || réduire, dompter : nationes Cic. Prov. 33, réduire des nations ; libidines Cic. Leg. 3, 31, réduire les passions, cf. Cic. Pis. 31 ; Fam. 10, 3, 2 || abattre, décourager : [[sin]] te [[mala]] [[rei]] publicæ frangunt Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 1, mais si les maux de la république t’abattent ; frangi [[animo]] Cic. Phil. 2, 37, être abattu || adoucir, fléchir : [[fletus]] fregere virum Liv. 2, 40, 9, les larmes brisèrent son inflexibilité ; te ut ulla [[res]] frangat ! Cic. Cat. 1, 22, l’apparence que [[rien]] vienne à bout de toi ! | |||
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Revision as of 06:38, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
frango: frēgi, fractum, 3, v. a. root in Gr. FPAT, ῥήγνυμι, ῥῆγμα, ῥωγαλέος; Goth. Brikkan; Irish brissim; Germ. brechen; Engl. break; but cf. Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 182, and
v. the letter F,
I to break, break in pieces, dash to pieces, shiver, break in two (cf.: rumpo, diffringo).
I Lit.: hastas frangit quatitque, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 435 ed. Vahl.); cf.: aes sonit, franguntur hastae, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 504, 33 (Trag. v. 213 ed. Vahl.): fraxinus frangitur atque abies consternitur alta, is broken, felled, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 195 ed. Vahl.): simulacra, Lucr. 6, 419: milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo: ergo alter alterius ubicumque nactus est ova, frangit, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: anulus aureus fractus et comminatus est, id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56: compluribus navibus fractis, dashed to pieces, Caes. B. G. 4, 29, 3: naves, Hor. A. P. 20: navem is fregit apud Andrum insulam, Ter. And. 1, 3, 17; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 44, 57: domus fracta conjectu lapidum, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2: janua frangatur, latret canis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 128: patinam, id. ib. 2, 8, 72: lagenam, id. ib. 81: crystallina, Mart. 14, 111: aulas in caput, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21: corpora ad saxum, Verg. A. 3, 625: vindices rerum capitalium laqueo gulam fregere, broke his neck, strangled him, Sall. C. 55, 5: cervices civium Romanorum in carcere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147; id. Vatin. 11, 26: senile guttur parentis impiā manu, Hor. Epod. 3, 2: cerebrum, Verg. A. 5, 413: brachium, Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. coxam, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5: crus, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 59: crura, Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 27; Suet. Aug. 67; id. Tib. 44; Vulg. Johan. 19, 31: cornu in arbore, Ov. F. 5, 121: non ego te, tigris ut aspera Gaetulusve leo, frangere persequor, to tear in pieces, Hor. C. 1, 23, 10; cf.: indomitos ut cum Massyla per arva Armenti reges magno leo fregit hiatu, etc., Stat. Th. 11, 28; Val. Fl. 2, 458; Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150: nubes in montem actae non franguntur, sed circumfunduntur, Sen. Q. N. 2, 28, 2.—
B Transf., in gen., to break up small, to grind, bruise, crush (freq. since the Aug. per.): glebam bidentibus, Verg. G. 2, 400; glebas, id. ib. 3, 161: fruges robore saxi, Lucr. 1, 882: farra saxo, Val. Fl. 2, 448: hordeum molis, Plin. 18, 7, 14, § 72: granum dentibus, id. 18, 24, 54, § 196: fabam, id. 19, 3, 15, § 40: glandem (sues), Verg. G. 2, 72: testes homini, Plin. 11, 49, 110, § 263: toros, to press, throw one's self upon, Mart. 2, 59, 3; 4, 8, 6: comam in gradus, to twist, braid, Quint. 1, 6, 44: mare montis ad ejus Radices frangit fluctus, breaks, Lucr. 6, 695; cf.: quam (fortunam) existimo levem et imbecillam ab animo firmo et gravi tamquam fluctum a saxo frangi oportere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 6: fluctus (scopulus), Luc. 6, 266: undam, Ov. F. 4, 282: aquas, Quint. 9, 4, 7: amnem nando, Luc. 8, 374; cf. Sil. 3, 457; 8, 555: iter, i. e. turn off from it, Stat. Th. 12, 232.
II Trop., to break down, subdue, weaken, diminish, violate; to soften, move, touch: quem (Viriathum) C. Laelius praetor ita fregit et comminuit ferocitatemque ejus ita repressit, ut, etc., broke down, subdued, Cic. Off. 2, 11 fin.; cf.: fractam illam et debilitatam vim suam, etc., id. Fam. 1, 9, 2: quem series immensa laborum fregerit, Ov. H. 9, 6: nationes frangere domareque, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33: proeliis calamitatibusque fracti, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 7: victi sumus igitur, aut, si vinci dignitas non potest, fracti certe et abjecti, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2: te ut ulla res frangat? would break, shake thy resolution, id. Cat. 1, 9, 22; cf.: frangi metu, cupiditate, id. Off. 1, 20, 68: fractus ac debilitatus metu, id. de Or. 1, 26, 121: flecti animo atque frangi, id. Sull. 6, 18: frangi animo, id. Phil. 2, 15, 37: dolore, id. Fin. 2, 29, 95: misericordiā, id. Att. 7, 12, 3: pudore, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48 et simil.; cf. also: aliquem auctoritate, id. ib. 1, 21 fin.: aliquem patientiā, id. Brut. 25, 95: quae (vis) summas frangit infirmatque opes, Poët. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 28: debilitatur ac frangitur eloquentia, Tac. Dial. 39: mollis illa educatio, quam indulgentiam vocamus, nervos omnes et mentis et corporis frangit, Quint. 1, 2, 6: frangitur vox, id. 11, 3, 20; cf. id. 12, 11, 2: vox Auditur fractos sonitus imitata tubarum, Verg. G. 4, 72: et illa (littera), quae est sexta nostrarum (i. e. F) quoties aliquam consonantem frangit, ut in hoc ipso frangit, multo fit horridior, i. e. weakens, Quint. 12, 10, 29 Spald. (v. the passage in its connection); cf. id. 1, 4, 11: primum divisit ineleganter: duo enim genera quae erant, fecit tria: hoc est non dividere, sed frangere, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 26; cf.: frangas citius quam corrigas, quae in pravum induruerunt, Quint. 1, 3, 12: bellum proeliis frangere, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32: dignitatem, id. Fam. 9, 16, 6: hunc (pedum dolorem) abstinentiā, sanctitate vicit et fregit, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 5: ut equorum cursum delicati minutis passibus frangunt, Quint. 9, 4, 113: animos frangi et debilitari molestiā, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: ingenium (mala), Ov. Tr. 3, 14, 33: sublimia pectora (Venus et vinum), id. F. 1, 301: ego unus contudi et fregi exsultantis praedonis audaciam, Cic. Phil. 13, 13 fin.; cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. 301, 8 (id. Rep. 3, 36 ed. Mos.): furorem et petulantiam alicujus, id. Pis. 14, 31: libidines, id. Leg. 3, 13, 31: odium iramque (risus), Quint. 6, 3, 9: impetum cogitationis (membranae), id. 10, 3, 31: consilium alicujus, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 4; cf.: sententiam alicujus, id. ib. 1, 4, 1: foedus, id. Pis. 12, 28; id. Scaur. 42: fidem, id. Rosc. Com. 6, 16: jura pudicitiae, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 28: mandata, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 19: fas, Grat. Cyneg. 451: morantem diem mero (= breviorem reddere), to shorten, Hor. C. 2, 7, 6: vina, i. e. to weaken, dilute, Mart. 14, 103; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 138: cum frangerem jam ipse me cogeremque illa ferre toleranter, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2: nec animus tantis se laboribus frangeret, neque, etc., id. Arch. 11, 29: ante quam calores aut frigora se fregerunt, diminished, abated, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18; cf.: Scaevola paulum quiescet, dum se calor frangat, Cic. de Or. 1, 62, 265: fracti aestus et nondum orta frigora, Cels. 7, 7, 4 fin.; cf.: fluctus se frangit, Sen. Med. 392: glacies se frangit, id. Q. N. 4, 5, 4.—Hence, fractus, a, um, P. a., weakened, weak, feeble, faint: jamque adeo fracta est aetas effetaque tellus Vix animalia parva creat, Lucr. 2, 1151: quod me audis fractiorem esse animo, i. e. more disheartened, less courageous, Cic. Att. 11, 12, 4; cf.: spes amplificandae fortunae fractior, id. Lael. 16, 59: in compositione fractus, powerless, feeble, Quint. 12, 10, 12; cf.: quid est tam fractum, tam minutum, tam in ipsa concinnitate puerile? Cic. Brut. 83, 287; and: corruptum et omnibus vitiis fractum dicendi genus, Quint. 10, 1, 125: corrupta oratio maxime comprehensione obscura, compositione fracta consistit, id. 8, 3, 57: effeminata et fracta impudicis modis (musice), id. 1, 10, 31.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
frangō,⁷ frēgī, frāctum, ĕre, tr.,
1 briser, rompre, fracasser, mettre en pièces : ova Cic. Nat. 2, 125, briser des œufs ; anulum Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, rompre un anneau ; domus fracta conjectu lapidum Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2, maison fracassée par une grêle de pierres ; compluribus navibus fractis Cæs. G. 4, 29, 3, plusieurs navires étant brisés ; laqueo gulam frangere Sall. C. 55, 5, briser la gorge avec un lacet, étrangler ; cervices alicujus Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 147, tordre le cou à qqn
