tristis
νήπιοι, οἷς ταύτῃ κεῖται νόος, οὐδὲ ἴσασιν ὡς χρόνος ἔσθ᾿ ἥβης καὶ βιότου ὀλίγος θνητοῖς. ἀλλὰ σὺ ταῦτα μαθὼν βιότου ποτὶ τέρμα ψυχῇ τῶν ἀγαθῶν τλῆθι χαριζόμενος → fools, to think like that and not realise that mortals' time for youth and life is brief: you must take note of this, and since you are near the end of your life endure, indulging yourself with good things | Poor fools they to think so and not to know that the time of youth and life is but short for such as be mortal! Wherefore be thou wise in time, and fail not when the end is near to give thy soul freely of the best.
Latin > English
tristis tristis, triste ADJ :: sad, sorrowful; gloomy
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
tristis: e, adj. etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, frightened; and Lat. terreo,
I sad, sorrowful, mournful, dejected, melancholy, disconsolate, trist (syn.: maestus, severus, austerus, luctuosus).
I In gen.: maesti tristesque, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18: cum maestus errares, quaerere ex te, quid tristis esses, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: tristis et conturbatus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: tristis, demissus, id. Mur. 21, 45: sic tristes affatus amicos, Hor. C. 1, 7, 24: Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes. B. G. 1, 32: numquam ego te tristiorem Vidi esse, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55: oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89: (faciet) hominem ex tristi lepidum et lenem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7: quid tu tristis es? id. ib. 2, 2, 6; id. Men. 5, 2, 27; 5, 2, 59: quid es tam tristis? Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20: malle se adulescentem tristem quam hilarem, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: tristis Erat et me maestum videbat, Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—
B Transf.
1 Of things associated with misfortune or suggestive of sadness, melancholy, saddening, unhappy: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam, Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.: vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel ornatus secundis, id. Fam. 15, 7: esse vultu tristi, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124: tristissima exta, Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: tristissimi exsilii solatium, Liv. 5, 51, 1: tristissimam exegimus noctem, most miserable, Petr. 115: sors, unhappy, miserable, Cic. Mur. 20, 42: eventus, Liv. 8, 24, 18: Kalendae, sad, dismal, Hor. S. 1, 3, 87: Hyades, id. C. 1, 3, 14: Orion, id. Epod. 10, 10: bella, id. A. P. 73: clades, id. C. 3, 3, 62: morbus, Verg. G. 4, 252: fatum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 29: jus sepulcri, Ov. M. 13, 472: officium (exsequiarum), id. ib. 12, 4: funera, Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74: pars subiere feretro, Triste ministerium, Verg. A. 6, 223: Tartara, id. ib. 4, 243: Acheron, Sil. 13, 571: tristique palus inamabilis undā, Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8: arbores, gloomy, sombre, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: adspectus (arboris), id. 13, 22, 40, § 120: tristes et squalidi trunci, Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—
2 Of taste: quod triste et amarum est, harsh, disagreeable, bitter, Lucr. 4, 634: suci, Verg. G. 2, 126: lupinum, id. ib. 1, 75: absinthia, Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15: epulae, Sil. 3, 281: sapor. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12: pocula, Tib. 1, 5, 50.—
3 Of smell, offensive, foul: anhelitus oris, Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—
4 As subst.: triste, is, n., a sad thing, etc. (poet.): triste lupus stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti, a sad thing, a pest, bane, Verg. E. 3, 80: interdum miscentur tristia laetis, Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.: nunc ego mitibus Mutare quaero tristia, Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies that were written in exile Tristia.—
II In partic.
A Of behavior, etc., towards others.
1 Glum, gloomy, peevish, morose, ill-humored (syn.: tetricus, severus, austerus): stultitia est, ei te esse tristem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: eia, mea Juno, non decet te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14: mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: tristis amica ingrato viro, Prop. 1, 6, 10: puella, id. 1, 10, 21: navita tristis (Charon), gloomy, sullen, Verg. A. 6, 315; so, dii, Hor. S. 1, 5, 103: Erinys, Verg. A. 2, 337: sorores, i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6: ursa, Stat. Achill. 2, 409.—
2 Stern, harsh, severe: judex tristis et integer, Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.: cum tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde vivere, id. Cael. 6, 13.—
B Transf., of things, gloomy, sad, melancholy, stern, harsh, etc.: truculentis oculis, tristi fronte, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21: voltus, id. Most. 3, 2, 124: fronte gravi et tristi supercilio, Plin. Pan. 41, 3: idem naturā tristiori paululo, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: vultus severior et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: tristis severitas inest in vultu, Ter. And. 5, 2, 16: vita tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108: triste et severum genus dicendi, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: sermo tristis (opp. jocosus), Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: senectus, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.: tristis et plenus dignitatis sonus, Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7: perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem, Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.: tua tristia dicta, Verg. A. 10, 612: sententia, Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2: responsum, id. 9, 16, 3: senatūs consultum, id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, sadly, sorrowfully; harshly, severely: salutantes, Stat. Th. 4, 19: triste et acutum resonare, Hor. S. 1, 8, 41: rigens frons, Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.: flere tristius, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2: adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur, with more difficulty, Cic. Sen. 19, 67: respondere tristius, more harshly, id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
trīstis,⁷ e,
1 triste, affligé, chagrin : Sequani tristes, demisso capite Cæs. G. 1, 32, les Séquanais, tristes et la tête baissée
2 [en parl. des choses] : tristibus temporibus Cic. Fam. 15, 7, dans l’infortune, dans l’adversité ; tristissima exta Cic. Div. 2, 36, les entrailles du plus funeste augure ; sors tristis Cic. Mur. 42, juridiction triste, peu agréable ; tristis eventus alicujus Liv. 8, 24, 18, fin tragique, sinistre de qqn ; tristis unda Virg. En. 6, 438, les eaux sombres (sinistres) du Styx ; pl. n. tristia Ov. F. 6, 463, les événements fâcheux || tristes arbores Plin. 16, 95, arbres à l’aspect triste, sombres || [en parl. du goût] amer, désagréable : Lucr. 4, 634 ; Virg. G. 2, 126 ; etc. || [poét.] funeste : triste lupus stabulis Virg. B. 3, 80, le loup est une chose funeste, un fléau pour les bergeries
3 sombre, sévère, austère, qui ne badine pas : judex tristis et integer Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 30, juge sombre et intègre, cf. Cic. Cæl. 13 ; tristes sorores Tib. 3, 3, 35, les sombres sœurs, les Parques ; vultus severior et tristior Cic. de Or. 2, 289, visage plus grave et plus sombre ; triste et severum dicendi genus Cic. Br. 113, éloquence sombre et austère ; triste responsum Liv. 9, 16, 3, réponse dure, impitoyable
4 renfrogné, morose : alicui Pl. Cas. 230, être de mauvaise humeur contre qqn, lui faire mauvaise figure, cf. Pl. Cas. 282 ; Prop. 1, 10, 21, etc.
Latin > German (Georges)
trīstis, e (vielleicht zu griech. δριμύς, scharf, durchdringend), traurig, betrübt, verstimmt, verdrießlich, v. dem, dessen Betrübnis sich in den Mienen usw. äußert, I) im allg.: 1) eig., v. Pers. (Ggstz. hilaris, hilarus, laetus), verb. maesti tristesque, Plaut.: tristis et conturbatus, Cic.: tristis, demissus, Cic.: tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes.: numquam ego te tristiorem vidi esse, Plaut.: quos cum tristiores vidisset, Cic.: Plur. tristes subst., Ggstz. gaudentes, Plin. pan. 72, 7. – 2) übtr., v. Lebl.: a) traurig, von Ansehen, hiems, Liv.: arbor, Plin.: truncus, Sen.: lana, schmutzig schwarze (v. Natur), Mart.: aspectus, widerlicher A., Plin.: iaspis in Cappadocia ex purpura caerulea, tristis (düster) atque non refulgens, Plin. – v. der Unterwelt, Tartara, Verg.: unda, Verg. u. Hor.: Acheron, Sil. – u. poet. (= austerus), widerlich, herb von Geschmack (Ggstz. dulcis), suci, Verg.: absinthia, Ov.: glans, Plin.: sapor, Ov.: u.v. Geruch, anhelitus oris, Ov. – b) objektiv, wie unser traurig, v. allem, was mit Trauer, Betrübnis, Unglück verbunden ist, trübe, betrübend, niederschlagend, unglücklich, tempora, Cic.: litterae nuntiique, Cic.: bellum, Hor.: Hyades, weil trübe, regnerische Witterung bringend, Hor.: u. so Orion, Hor.: officium (sc. exsequiarum), Ov.: ira, traurig in seinen Folgen, Hor.: remedia, schmerzliche, empfindliche, Liv.: eventus, Liv.: ex itus (Lebensende) tam tristis atque acerbus, Liv. epit.: tr. sors, Cic.: exta, nichts Gutes verheißende, Unglück drohende (Ggstz. laeta), Tac.: m. ad u. Akk., tristia ad (bei) recordationem exempla, Liv. 24, 8, 20. – neutr. subst., triste lupus stabulis, etwas Verderbliches, Verg.: tristia miscentur laetis, Ov. – II) insbes.: 1) der Laune nach, finster, a) = unfreundlich, mürrisch, übelgelaunt (Ggstz. iocosus, hilaris), Cic. u.a.: natura (Naturell), Cic.: puella, Prop.: vultus tristior, Cic. – b) = grimmig, zornig, Plaut. u. Prop.: Eurystheus, Cic. poët.: ursa, Stat.: irae, Cic. poët.: dicta, Ov. – 2) abgemessen ernst, trocken, streng, abgemessen kalt, hart, rauh, tristis et severus senex, Nep.: iudex, Cic.: sorores, die Parzen, Tibull.: Erinys, Verg.: veritas, Ter.: tr. et severum dicendi genus, Cic.: triste responsum, Liv.: tristior sententia, Liv.: sermone opus est modo tristi, modo iocoso, Hor.
