frons

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

frons: (also anciently fruns; plur. frundes, Enn. Ann. 266 Vahl.; cf. Charis. p. 105 P.—Also in nom. fros or frus, Varr. ib.; Enn. v in the foll.; cf. Prisc. p. 554 P.; and FRONDIS, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 2, 372), dis, f. etym. dub.,
I a leafy branch, green bough, foliage.
I Lit. (class.; in sing. and plur.; syn. folium).
   (a)    Sing.: populea frus, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. (Edyll. 5) 158 sq. (id. Ann. v. 562 Vahl.): ilignea, quernea, Cato, R. R. 37, 2: in nemoribus, ubi virgulta et frons multa, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 11: bobus praestabit vilicus frondem, Col. 11, 3, 101: alta frons decidit, Varr. ap. Non. 486, 13: ne caules allii in frondem luxurient, Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 113: perenni frunde corona, Lucr. 1, 119: nigrae feraci frondis in Algido, Hor. C. 4, 4, 58: sine fronde, Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 75: immaturam destringere, Quint. 12, 6, 2.—
   (b)    Plur.: russescunt frundes, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 105 P. (Ann. v. 266 Vahl.): deserta via et inculta atque interclusa jam frondibus et virgultis relinquatur, Cic. Cael. 18, 42: viminibus salices fecundi, frondibus ulmi, Verg. G. 2, 446: frondibus teneris non adhibendam esse falcem, Quint. 2, 4, 11: bovemque Disjunctum curas et strictis frondibus exples, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 28; id. C. 3, 18, 14.—
II Poet. transf., a garland made of leafy boughs, a garland of leaves, leafy chaplet: donec Alterutrum velox victoria fronde coronet, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 64; so in sing., id. C. 4, 2, 36; id. Ep. 2, 1, 110: nos delubra deum festa velamus fronde, Verg. A. 2, 249; 5, 661; Ov. M. 1, 449; 565; id. A. A. 1, 108.—In plur., Ov. F. 1, 711; 3, 482.
frons: frontis, f. (
I masc., Cato ap. Gell. 15, 9, 5; and ap. Fest. s. v. recto, p. 286, b, Müll.; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 46 Ritschl, N. cr.; id. ap. Non. 205, 4; Caecil. ap. Gell. 15, 9, 3; Vitr. 10, 17) [cf. Sanscr. brhū; Gr. ὀφρύς; Germ. Braue; Engl. brow; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 296], the forehead, brow, front (syn.: vultus, os, facies).
I Lit.: frons et aliis (animalibus), sed homini tantum tristitiae, hilaritatis, clementiae, severitatis index: in adsensu ejus supercilia homini et pariter et alterna mobilia, Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138: tanta erat gravitas in oculo, tanta contractio frontis, ut illo supercilio res publica, tamquam Atlante caelum, niti videretur, Cic. Sest. 8, 19: frontem contrahere, to contract or knit the brows, id. Clu. 26, 72; Hor. S. 2, 2, 125; for which, adducere, Sen. Ben. 1, 1: attrahere, id. ib. 6, 7: remittere frontem, to smooth the brow, i. e. to cheer up, Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 5; for which: exporge frontem, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 53; cf.: primum ego te porrectiore fronte volo mecum loqui, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 3: explicare, Hor. C. 3, 29, 16; solvere, Mart. 14, 183: ut frontem ferias, smitest thy forehead (as a sign of vexation), Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1; cf.: nulla perturbatio animi, nulla corporis, frons non percussa, non femur, id. Brut. 80, 278: femur, pectus, frontem caedere, Quint. 2, 12, 10: frontem sudario tergere, id. 6, 3, 60; for which: siccare frontem sudario, id. 11, 3, 148: capillos a fronte retroagere, id. ib. 160: mediam ferro gemina inter tempora frontem Dividit, Verg. A. 9, 750: quorundam capita per medium frontis et verticis mucrone distincta, in utrumque humerum pendebant, Amm. 31, 7, 14: insignem tenui fronte Lycorida (a small forehead was regarded as a beauty by the ancients), Hor. C. 1, 33, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 7, 26; Petr. 126; Mart. 4, 42, 9; Arn. 2, 72.—Of the forehead of animals: est bos cervi figura: cujus a media fronte, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 26, 1: tauri torva fronte, Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 181: equi, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 30: ovis, id. F. 4, 102: cui (haedo) frons turgida cornibus Primis, Hor. C. 3, 13, 4: (vitulus) Fronte curvatos imitatus ignes lunae, id. ib. 4, 2, 57.—In plur., Lucr. 5, 1034. —
   2    The brow as a mirror of the feelings: non solum ex oratione, sed etiam ex vultu et oculis et fronte, ut aiunt, meum erga te amorem perspicere potuisses, Cic. Att. 14, 13, B, 1; cf. Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 11, 44; and: homines fronte et oratione magis, quam ipso beneficio reque capiuntur, expression of countenance, id. ib. 12, 46: si verum tum, cum verissima fronte, dixerunt, nunc mentiuntur, Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 35: haec ipsa fero equidem fronte et vultu bellissime, sed angor intimis sensibus, id. Att. 5, 10, 3: frons, oculi, vultus persaepe mentiuntur; oratio vero saepissime, id. Q. F. 1, 1, 5, § 15; cf.: oculi, supercilia, frons, vultus denique totus, qui sermo quidam tacitus mentis est, hic in fraudem homines impulit, id. Pis. 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 9, 17: fronte occultare sententiam, id. Lael. 18, 65: tranquilla et serena, id. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; cf.: reliquiae pristinae frontis, id. Fam. 9, 10, 2: laeta, Verg. A. 6, 862: sollicita, Hor. C. 3, 29, 16: tristis, Tib. 2, 3, 33: gravis, Plin. Pan. 41, 3: humana, lenis, placida, Sen. Ben. 2, 13: inverecunda, Quint. 2, 4, 16: proterva, Hor. C. 2, 5, 16: urbana (i. e. impudens), id. Ep. 1, 9, 11: impudens, proterva, Aug. Op. imperf. c. Jul. 6, 21: impudentissima, id. ib. 26; cf.: impudentia frontis, Hier. adv. Rufin. 1, 7: fronte inverecunda nummos captare, Val. Max. 8, 2, 2.—In plur.: si populo grata est tabella, quae frontes aperit hominum, mentes tegat, Cic. Planc. 6, 16.—
   3    Prov.: frons occipitio prior est, i. e. better work before the master's face than behind his back, Cato, R. R. 4; Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 31.—
   B Transf
   1    The forepart of any thing, the front, façade, van (opp. tergum and latus): copias ante frontem castrorum struit, Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 1: aedium, Vitr. 3, 2: parietum, id. 2, 8: januae, Ov. F. 1, 135: scena, Verg. G. 3, 24: (navium), id. A. 5, 158: pontis, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9, 4: collis ex utraque parte lateris dejectus habebat, et in frontem leniter fastigatus, etc., Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 7, 23: intervallum justum arborum quadrageni pedes in terga frontemque, in latera viceni, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 43: octo cohortes in fronte constituit, Sall. C. 59, 2: quatuor legionum aquilae per frontem, Tac. H. 2, 89: una fronte contra hostem castra muniunt, only in front, Caes. B. C. 1, 80, 2 Herz.: aequa fronte ad pugnam procedebat, Liv. 36, 44, 1: nec tamen aequari frontes poterant, cum extenuando infirmam mediam aciem haberent, id. 5, 38, 2: recta fronte concurrere hosti (opp. in dextrum cornu), Curt. 4, 13 med.; cf.: directa fronte pugnandum est, Quint. 5, 13, 11: veritus ne simul in frontem simul et latera suorum pugnaretur, Tac. Agr. 35: transisse aestuaria pulchrum ac decorum in frontem (i. e. fronti), for the front, the van, id. ib. 33: dextra fronte prima legio incessit, on the right front, i. e. on the right wing, id. H. 2, 24 fin.: laeva, Claud. in Ruf. 2, 174; cf.: frons laevi cornu haec erat, Curt. 4, 13 fin.—Poet. transf., of clouds: ut non tam concurrere nubes Frontibus adversis possint quam de latere ire, Lucr. 6, 117; of a precipice: Fronte sub adversa scopulis pendentibus antrum, Verg. A. 1, 166.—Esp. freq.: a fronte, in front, before (opp. a tergo and a latere): a tergo, a fronte, a lateribus tenebitur, si in Galliam venerit, Cic. Phil. 3, 13, 32: a fronte atque ab utroque latere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat, Caes. B. C. 1, 25 fin.: totis fere a fronte et ab sinistra parte nudatis castris, id. B. G. 2, 23, 4. —
   2    The outer end of a book-roll or volume, Tib. 3, 1, 13; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 11.—
   3    The circumference of a wheel, Vitr. 10, 4.—
   4    In measuring land = latitudo, the breadth: mille pedes in fronte, trecentos cippus in agrum Hic dabat, Hor. S. 1, 8, 12; Inscr. Orell. 4558; 4560.—
II Trop.
   A The outside, exterior, external quality, appearance (cf. species and facies; mostly post-Aug.): Pompeius Scauro studet: sed utrum fronte an mente, dubitatur, Cic. Att. 4, 15, 7: plus habet in recessu, quam fronte promittat, Quint. 1, 4, 2; 11, 1, 61; cf.: frons causae non satis honesta, id. 4, 1, 42 Spald.: decipit Frons prima multos, the first appearance, Phaedr. 4, 2, 6; cf.: dura primā fronte quaestio, Quint. 7, 1, 56: ex prima statim fronte dijudicare imprudentium est, id. 12, 7, 8.—
   B The character or feelings expressed by the brow.
   1    Poet. in partic., shame: exclamet perisse Frontem de rebus, Pers. 5, 104 (for which: clament periisse pudorem, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 80).—
   2    Impudence, boldness (late Lat.; cf. os), Aug. Civ. D. 3, 30.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) frōns,⁹ frondis, f.,
1 feuillage, feuilles, frondaison ; [sing.] Cato Agr. 37, 2 ; Varro R. 2, 5, 11 ; Lucr. 1, 118 ; Quint. 12, 6, 2 || [plur.] Cic. Cæl. 42 ; Virg. G. 2, 446 ; Quint. 2, 4, 11
2 couronne de feuillage : Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 110, etc. ; Ov. M. 1, 449, etc. arch. : fros Varro R. 1, 24, 3 ( Char. 130, 34 ) ; frus, frundis Enn. Ann. 577 ; frundes Enn. Ann. 261, cf. Char. 130, 29 ; Prisc. Gramm. 1, 35.
(2) frōns,⁸ frontis, f.,
1 front : frontem contrahere Cic. Clu. 72, rider le front, cf. Cic. Sest. 19 ; adducere, trahere Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 5 ; 6, 7, 1, plisser le front, se renfrogner ; remittere Plin. Min. Ep. 2, 5, 5 ; exporgere Ter. Ad. 839 ; explicare Hor. O. 3, 29, 16, dérider, éclaircir le front ; frontem ferire Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1, se frapper le front [en signe de mécontentement] ; frons non percussa Cic. Br. 278, point de tapes sur le front [signe d’émotion de l’orateur] || [prov.] frons occipitio prior Cato Agr. 4, le front passe avant l’occiput rien de tel que l’œil du maître]
2 le front = air, traits, physionomie, mine : tranquilla et serena Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, un front (un air) calme et serein ; severissima fronte aliquid dicere Cic. Rab. Post. 35, dire qqch. avec l’air le plus sévère ; hæc fero fronte et vultu bellissime, sed angor intimis sensibus Cic. Att. 5, 10, 3, je supporte cela fort joliment sur mon front et sur ma mine, mais je souffre au fond de moi-même ; fronte occultare sententiam Cic. Læl. 65, cacher ses pensées derrière son front ; tabella quæ frontes aperit, mentes tegit Cic. Planc. 16, bulletin de vote, qui laisse voir les fronts à découvert, mais qui voile les pensées, cf. in fronte ostentatio est, intus veritas occultatur Cic. Fin. 2, 78, tandis qu’il y a parade sur le front, à l’intérieur se cachent les vrais sentiments ; utrum fronte an mente dubitatur Cic. Att. 4, 15, 7, est-ce en apparence ou sincèrement ? on ne sait || reliquiæ pristinæ frontis Cic. Fam. 9, 10, 2, les restes de l’ancienne gravité ; proterva fronte Hor. O. 2, 5, 16, avec un front éhonté (= effrontément) ; humana fronte, certe leni placidaque Sen. Ben. 2, 13, 2, avec (sur les traits) de la bonté, ou du moins avec une douceur avenante ; frons durior Juv. 8, 189, front plus éhonté ; frons durissima Sen. Ben. 4, 38, 2, front dépourvu de toute honte ; salva fronte Juv. 11, 205, sans vergogne || [poét.] aplomb, assurance : Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11 ; pudeur : Pers. 5, 104
3 [fig.] a) partie antérieure, front, face, façade : castrorum Cæs. C. 3, 37, 1, front d’un camp, cf. Cæs. C. 1, 80, 2 ; [front d’un navire] Virg. En. 5, 158 ; [d’une armée] Liv. 5, 38, 2, etc. || in frontem Cæs. G. 2, 8, 3 [in fronte α, in frontem β Cæs. G. 7, 23, 2 ], sur le devant, en face, cf. Plin. 17, 202 ; Tac. Agr. 35 ; a fronte Cic. Phil. 3, 32, de front, cf. Cæs. G. 2, 23, 4 ; C. 1, 25, 9 ; concurrere frontibus adversis Lucr. 6, 116, se heurter de front || in fronte Hor. S. 1, 8, 12 ; Liv. 25, 23, 11, en largeur || frontes geminæ, les deux faces extérieures du manuscrit roulé, la bordure, cf. Tib. 3, 1, 13 ; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 8 ; b) façade, côté extérieur, apparence, aspect : frons causæ Quint. 4, 1, 42, la physionomie, l’aspect d’une cause || prima fronte Quint. 7, 1, 56 ; ex prima statim fronte Quint. 12, 7, 8, dès le premier aspect, de prime abord. genre masc. : Pl. Mil. 202, cf. Gell. 15, 9, 4 ; Non. 204, 26. %