πέλεκυς: Difference between revisions
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Aari: wókka; Abaza: кӏвагъа; Abkhaz: аиха; Adyghe: отыч, обзэгъу, майтэ, ощы; Afrikaans: byl; Ahom: 𑜁𑜃𑜫; Akkadian: 𒍏𒄩𒍣𒅔; Albanian: thadër, sëpatë; Amharic: ፋስ; Arabic: فَأْس; Armenian: կացին; Assamese: কুঠাৰ; Asturian: hacha, hachu, azáu, azada, macháu,achada; Avar: гӏащтӏи; Azerbaijani: balta; Bashkir: балта; Basque: aizkora; Belarusian: сякера, тапор; Bengali: কুঠার; Bonan: ge; Bulgarian: брадва, секира, топор; Burmese: ပုဆိန်; Catalan: destral, atxa; Cebuano: wasay; Chamicuro: ame; Chechen: диг; Cheyenne: hohkȯxe; Chichewa: nkhwangwa; Chinese Cantonese: 斧頭, 斧头; Dungan: футу; Hakka: 斧頭, 斧头; Mandarin: 斧頭, 斧头, 斧, 斧, 斧子; Min Nan: 斧頭, 斧头; Wu: 斧頭, 斧头; Chuukese: kouk; Chuvash: пуртӑ; Crimean Tatar: balta; Czech: sekera; Dalmatian: sčor; Danish: økse; Dargwa: барда; Daur: sugw, topoor; Dhivehi: ކޯރާޑި; Dolgan: һүгэ; Dongxiang: sugie; Dutch: [[bijl]], [[hakbijl]]; East Yugur: süke; Erzya: узере; Esperanto: hakilo; Estonian: kirves; Evenki: сукэ; Faroese: øks; Finnish: kirves; French: [[hache]], [[cognée]]; Friulian: manarie; Galician: machado, machada, brosa; Garo: ru-a; Georgian: ცული, ნაჯახი; German: [[Axt]]; Gothic: 𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌹; Greek: [[τσεκούρι]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀξίνη]]; Gujarati: કુહાડી; Hausa: gā̀tarī; Hebrew: גַּרְזֶן; Hiligaynon: wasay; Hindi: कुल्हाड़ी; Hungarian: fejsze, balta, szekerce; Icelandic: öxi, exi; Ido: hakilo; Indonesian: kapak; Ingush: диг; Interlingua: hacha; Irish: tua; Italian: [[ascia]], [[accetta]], [[scure]], [[mannaia]]; Japanese: 斧, アックス; Kabardian: джыдэ; Kalmyk: сүк, балт; Kannada: ಕೊಡ್ಲಿ, ಕುಠಾರ; Karachay-Balkar: балта; Karelian: kirves; Kazakh: балта; Khmer: ពូថៅ; Kikuyu: ithanwa Kitembo: mbaha; Komi-Permyak: чер; Korean: 도끼; Kumyk: балта; Kurdish Central Kurdish: تەور; Northern Kurdish: balte; Kyrgyz: балта; Ladino Hebrew: באלטה; Ladino Latin: balta; Lak: рикӏ; Lao: ຂວານ; Latgalian: ciervs; Latin: [[ascia]], [[securis]]; Latvian: cirvis; Lezgi: якӏв; Lithuanian: kirvis; Low German: Ax, Äx, Ex; Lü: ᦧᦱᧃ, ᦃᦱᧃ; Macedonian: секира; Malay: kapak; Malayalam: കോടാലി, മഴു; Maltese: mannara; Manchu: ᠰᡠᡥᡝ; Mangghuer: suguo; Maori: toki; Mapudungun: toki; Maranao: wasay; Marathi: कुऱ्हाड; Middle English: ax; Moksha: узерь; Mongghul: sgo; Mongolian: сүх, балт; Navajo: tsénił; Nenets: тубка; Nepali: बन्चरो; Nganasan: тобәкәә; Ngazidja Comorian: soha; Ngunawal: umbagong; Norman: hache; Norwegian: øks; Occitan: pigassa, manaira; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: секꙑра, брадꙑ; Old East Slavic: секꙑра, сокꙑра, топоръ; Old Norse: øx; Old Tupi: îy; Oriya: କୁରାଢୀ; Osage: mą́ąhįspe; Ossetian: фӕрӕт; Pashto: تبرګۍ; Persian: تبر; Plautdietsch: Biel, Akjs; Polabian: seťaŕă; Polish: siekiera; Pontic Greek: αξινάρ, παλτά; Portuguese: [[machado]]; Quechua: k'acha; Romanian: topor, secure; Romansch: sigir, siir, sagir, sieir, sgür, manera; Russian: [[топор]], [[колун]], [[секира]]; Rusyn: топі́р, балта; Sanskrit: परशु, कुठार; Sardinian: destrale, bestrale, segura, segure, seguri; Scottish Gaelic: tuagh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сѐкира, сјѐкира; Roman: sèkira, sjèkira; Shan: ၵႂၢၼ်; Sichuan Yi: ꃤꃀ; Sicilian: sciunetta, ascia, cugnata; Sinhalese: පොරොව; Skolt Sami: ähšš; Slovak: sekera; Slovene: sekira; Spanish: [[hacha]]; Sranan Tongo: beiri; Sudovian: bīla; Svan: კა̄და; Swahili: shoka; Swedish: yxa; Tabasaran: екӏв; Tagalog: palakol; Tai Dam: ꪄꪫꪱꪙ; Tajik: табар; Tamil: கோடரி; Taos: kwóna; Tat: тэвэр; Tatar: балта; Telugu: గొడ్డలి; Thai: ขวาน; Tibetan: སྟ་རེ; Tigrinya: ፋስ; Tocharian B: peret; Tok Pisin: akis, tamiok; Turkish: balta; Turkmen: palta; Ukrainian: сокира, колун, топі́р; Urdu: کلہاڑی; Uyghur: پالتا; Uzbek: bolta; Venetian: sigureto, daldoro, asa, daldora, manara, manera; Vietnamese: rìu; Vilamovian: ba̐jł; Wauja: e'pi; Welsh: bwyell; West Frisian: bile; White Hmong: taus; Xhosa: izembe; Yakut: сүгэ; Yiddish: האַק; Zazaki: torzin, tewerzin; Zhuang: fouj; Zulu: imbazo | Aari: wókka; Abaza: кӏвагъа; Abkhaz: аиха; Adyghe: отыч, обзэгъу, майтэ, ощы; Afrikaans: byl; Ahom: 𑜁𑜃𑜫; Akkadian: 𒍏𒄩𒍣𒅔; Albanian: thadër, sëpatë; Amharic: ፋስ; Arabic: فَأْس; Armenian: կացին; Assamese: কুঠাৰ; Asturian: hacha, hachu, azáu, azada, macháu,achada; Avar: гӏащтӏи; Azerbaijani: balta; Bashkir: балта; Basque: aizkora; Belarusian: сякера, тапор; Bengali: কুঠার; Bonan: ge; Bulgarian: брадва, секира, топор; Burmese: ပုဆိန်; Catalan: destral, atxa; Cebuano: wasay; Chamicuro: ame; Chechen: диг; Cheyenne: hohkȯxe; Chichewa: nkhwangwa; Chinese Cantonese: 斧頭, 斧头; Dungan: футу; Hakka: 斧頭, 斧头; Mandarin: 斧頭, 斧头, 斧, 斧, 斧子; Min Nan: 斧頭, 斧头; Wu: 斧頭, 斧头; Chuukese: kouk; Chuvash: пуртӑ; Crimean Tatar: balta; Czech: sekera; Dalmatian: sčor; Danish: økse; Dargwa: барда; Daur: sugw, topoor; Dhivehi: ކޯރާޑި; Dolgan: һүгэ; Dongxiang: sugie; Dutch: [[bijl]], [[hakbijl]]; East Yugur: süke; Erzya: узере; Esperanto: hakilo; Estonian: kirves; Evenki: сукэ; Faroese: øks; Finnish: kirves; French: [[hache]], [[cognée]]; Friulian: manarie; Galician: machado, machada, brosa; Garo: ru-a; Georgian: ცული, ნაჯახი; German: [[Axt]]; Gothic: 𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌹; Greek: [[τσεκούρι]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀξίνη]]; Gujarati: કુહાડી; Hausa: gā̀tarī; Hebrew: גַּרְזֶן; Hiligaynon: wasay; Hindi: कुल्हाड़ी; Hungarian: fejsze, balta, szekerce; Icelandic: öxi, exi; Ido: hakilo; Indonesian: kapak; Ingush: диг; Interlingua: hacha; Irish: tua; Italian: [[ascia]], [[accetta]], [[scure]], [[mannaia]]; Japanese: 斧, アックス; Kabardian: джыдэ; Kalmyk: сүк, балт; Kannada: ಕೊಡ್ಲಿ, ಕುಠಾರ; Karachay-Balkar: балта; Karelian: kirves; Kazakh: балта; Khmer: ពូថៅ; Kikuyu: ithanwa Kitembo: mbaha; Komi-Permyak: чер; Korean: 도끼; Kumyk: балта; Kurdish Central Kurdish: تەور; Northern Kurdish: balte; Kyrgyz: балта; Ladino Hebrew: באלטה; Ladino Latin: balta; Lak: рикӏ; Lao: ຂວານ; Latgalian: ciervs; Latin: [[ascia]], [[securis]]; Latvian: cirvis; Lezgi: якӏв; Lithuanian: kirvis; Low German: Ax, Äx, Ex; Lü: ᦧᦱᧃ, ᦃᦱᧃ; Macedonian: секира; Malay: kapak; Malayalam: കോടാലി, മഴു; Maltese: mannara; Manchu: ᠰᡠᡥᡝ; Mangghuer: suguo; Maori: toki; Mapudungun: toki; Maranao: wasay; Marathi: कुऱ्हाड; Middle English: ax; Moksha: узерь; Mongghul: sgo; Mongolian: сүх, балт; Navajo: tsénił; Nenets: тубка; Nepali: बन्चरो; Nganasan: тобәкәә; Ngazidja Comorian: soha; Ngunawal: umbagong; Norman: hache; Norwegian: øks; Occitan: pigassa, manaira; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: секꙑра, брадꙑ; Old East Slavic: секꙑра, сокꙑра, топоръ; Old Norse: øx; Old Tupi: îy; Oriya: କୁରାଢୀ; Osage: mą́ąhįspe; Ossetian: фӕрӕт; Pashto: تبرګۍ; Persian: تبر; Plautdietsch: Biel, Akjs; Polabian: seťaŕă; Polish: siekiera; Pontic Greek: αξινάρ, παλτά; Portuguese: [[machado]]; Quechua: k'acha; Romanian: topor, secure; Romansch: sigir, siir, sagir, sieir, sgür, manera; Russian: [[топор]], [[колун]], [[секира]]; Rusyn: топі́р, балта; Sanskrit: परशु, कुठार; Sardinian: destrale, bestrale, segura, segure, seguri; Scottish Gaelic: tuagh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сѐкира, сјѐкира; Roman: sèkira, sjèkira; Shan: ၵႂၢၼ်; Sichuan Yi: ꃤꃀ; Sicilian: sciunetta, ascia, cugnata; Sinhalese: පොරොව; Skolt Sami: ähšš; Slovak: sekera; Slovene: sekira; Spanish: [[hacha]]; Sranan Tongo: beiri; Sudovian: bīla; Svan: კა̄და; Swahili: shoka; Swedish: yxa; Tabasaran: екӏв; Tagalog: palakol; Tai Dam: ꪄꪫꪱꪙ; Tajik: табар; Tamil: கோடரி; Taos: kwóna; Tat: тэвэр; Tatar: балта; Telugu: గొడ్డలి; Thai: ขวาน; Tibetan: སྟ་རེ; Tigrinya: ፋስ; Tocharian B: peret; Tok Pisin: akis, tamiok; Turkish: balta; Turkmen: palta; Ukrainian: сокира, колун, топі́р; Urdu: کلہاڑی; Uyghur: پالتا; Uzbek: bolta; Venetian: sigureto, daldoro, asa, daldora, manara, manera; Vietnamese: rìu; Vilamovian: ba̐jł; Wauja: e'pi; Welsh: bwyell; West Frisian: bile; White Hmong: taus; Xhosa: izembe; Yakut: сүгэ; Yiddish: האַק; Zazaki: torzin, tewerzin; Zhuang: fouj; Zulu: imbazo | ||
}} | |||
{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[securis]]'', [[axe]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.4.4/ 2.4.4]. | |||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 14:24, 16 November 2024
English (LSJ)
A πελέκεως, Ion. πελέκεος (not πελέκυος Hdn. Gr.2.707), ὁ, acc. πέλεκυν Od.5.234, etc.: dat. pl. πελέκεσι, Ep. πελέκεσσι Il. 13.391:—two-edged axe for felling trees, opp. ἡμιπέλεκκον (q.v.), π… χάλκεος, ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀκαχμένος Od.5.234; ὑλοτόμους πελέκεας Il.23.114; ἐξέταμον πελέκεσσι νεήκεσι 13.391, cf. Pi. O.7.36, P.4.263, E.Fr.472.6 (anap.); π. ξυλοκό πος X.Cyr.6.2.36, etc.
2 battle-axe, πελέκεσσι καὶ ἀξίνῃσι μάχοντο Il.15.711; οὐ δόρασι μάχεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ πελέκεσι Hdt.7.135; πελέκεως δίστομος γένυς E. Fr.530.5; sacrificial axe, Il.17.520, Od.3.442; executioner's axe, Trag.Adesp.412; Τενέδιος πέλεκυς, prov. of impartial and over-harsh justice, Arist. Fr.593; or of summary justice by 'cutting the knot', from the story of Tennes, St.Byz. s.v. Τένεδος (also ὁ Τέννου πέλεκυς Conon 28); τοὺς πέλεκεις ἀπέλυσε τῶν ῥάβδων took the axes from the fasces of the lictors, Plu. Publ.10, cf. Plb.6.53.8.
3 as an image of perseverance, κραδίη π. ὣς… ἀτειρής Il.3.60.
4 "ἀσκός, πέλεκυς" in a child's game, Thphr. Char.5.5.
5 nickname in Com.Adesp.824; cf. πρίων.
6 coin in Cyprus, prob. in Inscr.Cypr. 135.26 H.; cf. πέλεκυ.
II a geometrical figure, like the head of a double axe, title of AP15.22 (Simm.). (Cf. Skt. paraśús; loanword from Bab. pilaḳḳ, Sumer. balag 'axe'.) [The ῠ of nom. and acc. sg. is in Hom. sometimes lengthened, Il.3.60, 17.520: acc. pl. πελέκεας is in Hom. always trisyll.,.]
German (Pape)
[Seite 550] (wahrscheinlich mit πάλλω zusammenhangend), εως, ion. εος, ὁ, bei Sp. auch πελέκυος, u. dat. plur. πελέκυσι, vgl. Lob. Phryn. 246, Axt, Beil, bes. Holzaxt; χάλκεος, ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀκαχμένος, Od. 5, 235, wie 9, 391; ὑλοτόμους πελέκεας ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντες, Il. 23, 114, vgl. 13, 391. 16, 484; ὀξ υτόμος, Pind. P. 4, 263; auch Streitaxt, οἵγ' ἐγγύθεν ἱστάμενοι ὀξέσι δὴ πελέκεσσι καὶ ἀξίνῃσι μάχοντο, Il. 15, 711; u. Opferaxt, zum Tödten der Opferthiere, πέλεκυς δ' ἀπέκοψε τένοντας, Od. 3, 449, vgl. Il. 17, 520; als Sinnbild eines unbezwinglich festen Sinnes, κραδίη πέλεκυς ἃς ἀτειρής, 3, 60; ἀνδροκμῆτα πέλεκ υν, Aesch. Ch. 876; σχίζουσι κάρα φονίῳ πελέκει, Soph. El. 99; Eur. Hec. 1279 Troad. 361 u. in späterer Prosa, wie Plut. – Auch eine mathematische Figur, Mathem. vett. – [Sing. nom. acc. υς, υν wird von Hom. in der Vershebung einigemal lang gebraucht, Il. 3, 60. 17, 520; πελέκεας ist bei ihm immer dreisylbig zu sprechen ñ ñ –.]
French (Bailly abrégé)
εως (ὁ) ; acc. υν, dat. pl. εσι;
1 cognée de bûcheron à deux tranchants;
2 hache d'armes;
3 hache pour les sacrifices, hache en gén.
Étymologie: R. Πελ, v. πέλω, mouvoir.
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
πέλεκυς -εως, ὁ, meestal -ῠς, soms -ῡς Il.; Ion. gen. -εος, acc. πέλεκυν, plur. nom. πελέκεις, dat. πελέκεσι, ep. -εσσι, acc. πελέκεας, later -έκεις, bijl:; οἱ δ’ ἴσαν ὑλοτόμους πελέκεας ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντες zij gingen op weg met houthakkersbijlen in hun handen Il. 23.114; αἰεί τοι κραδίη πέλεκυς ὥς ἐστιν ἀτειρής steeds is jouw hart zo onbuigzaam als een bijl Il. 3.60; strijdbijl:; ὀξέσι δὴ πελέκεσσι... μάχοντο ze streden met scherpe bijlen Il. 15.711; offerbijl; Il. 17.520; in Rome bijl van lictoren, fasces. Plut. Publ. 10.2.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πέλεκῠς: εως, ион. εος ὁ (dat. pl. πελέκεσι - эп. πελέκεσσι) секира, топор (πελέκεσσι μάχεσθαι Hom.; π. ξυλοκόπος Xen.).
English (Autenrieth)
εος, pl. dat. πελέκεσσι: axe or hatchet, for felling trees, Il. 23.114, Il. 17.520; double-edged, Od. 5.234, see ἡμιπέλεκκα. A sacrificial instrument in Od. 3.449. In the contest with the bow of Odysseus the ‘axes' were either axheads without the handles, arranged in line, or iron blocks resembling axes, made for the purpose of target-shooting, Od. 19.573.
English (Slater)
πέλεκυς axe χαλκελάτῳ πελέκει (O. 7.36) ὀξυτόμῳ πελέκει (P. 4.263) ὃς καὶ τυπεὶς ἁγνῷ πελέκει τέκετο ξανθὰν Ἀθάναν fr. 34. οὐδὲ πελέκεις οὐδὲ Σειρήν “illum neque secures Pisistrati tyranni neque eloquentia movit,” expl. Turyn ?fr. 339.
Greek Monolingual
-έκεως, ο, ΝΜΑ, ιων. γεν. -εος, σπαν. και -υος, Α
κοφτερό εργαλείο το οποίο αποτελείται από μεταλλική σφηνοειδή λεπίδα ακονισμένη στο ένα άκρο ή και στα δύο άκρα και προσαρμοσμένη σε στειλιάρι, σε μακρύ ξύλο, το τσεκούρι (α. «ὑλοτόμους πελέκεας ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντες», Ομ. Ιλ.
β. «οὐ δόρασι μάχεσθαι ἀλλὰ καὶ πελέκεσι», Ηρόδ.)
νεοελλ.
φρ. «ο πέλεκυς της δικαιοσύνης» — η τιμωρός δύναμη της δικαιοσύνης
αρχ.
1. μτφ. σύμβολο του άκαμπτου χαρακτήρα («αἰεί τοι κραδίη πέλεκυς ὥς ἐστιν ἀτειρής», Ομ. Ιλ.)
2. γεωμετρικό σχήμα που μοιάζει με διπλό πέλεκυ
3. πιθ. είδος νομίσματος της Κύπρου
4. φρ. «ἀσκὸς πέλεκυς» — φράση που λεγόταν σε κάποιο παιχνίδι
5. παροιμ. «Τενέδιος πέ λεκυς» — λεγόταν για αμερόληπτη και αυστηρή απονομή δικαιοσύνης.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Η ακριβής αντιστοιχία του τ. πέλεκυς με το αρχ. ινδ. paraśu- «πέλεκυς» και η απουσία από την Ινδοευρωπαϊκή αντίστοιχου τ. οδηγούν στην υπόθεση ότι οι τ. είναι παράλληλα δάνεια από μια γλώσσα μη Ινδοευρωπαϊκή, πιθ. την Ακκαδική (πρβλ. ακκαδ. pilakku). Η αναγωγή, ωστόσο, τών τ. στο ακκαδ. pilakku παρουσιάζει σημασιολογικό πρόβλημα, αφού ο ακκαδ. τ. δεν σημαίνει «πέλεκυς» αλλά «άτρακτος, αδράχτι»].
Greek Monotonic
πέλεκῠς: -εως Ιων. -εος, ὁ· δοτ. πληθ. πελέκεσι, Επικ. πελέκεσσι·
1. τσεκούρι με δύο άκρες για υλοτομικές εργασίες, αντίθ. προς το ἡμιπέλεκον, σε Όμηρ., Ξεν.
2. ιερός πέλεκυς, σε Όμηρ. Το ότι δεν ήταν κυρίως όπλο μάχης φαίνεται από τη φράση, οὐ δόρασι μάχεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ πελέκεσι, μάχομαι όχι μόνο με δόρατα, αλλά και με κοινούς πέλεκεις, δηλ. με όλες τις δυνάμεις, σε Ηρόδ.
3. στους Χαρακτ. του Θεοφρ. πέλεκυς, ως παιδικό παρωνύμιο (παρατσούκλι), φαίνεται να σήμαινε «κοφτερή λεπίδα, ξυράφι».
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
πέλεκῠς: -εως, Ἰων. -εος, ὁ˙ δοτ. πλθ. πελέκεσι, Ἐπικ. πελέκεσσι, Ἰλ. παρ’ Αἰλ.. καὶ ἄλλοις μεταγεν. εὕρηται ἐνίοτε γεν. πελέκῠος, δοτ. πληθ. πελέκῠσι κτλ.˙ ἴδε Λοβέκ. εἰς Φρύνιχ. 246˙ ― ἀξίνη ἀμφίστομος, πρὸς δενδροτομίαν, ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ ἡμιπέλεκκον (ὃ ἴδε), χάλκεος, ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀκαχμένος Ὀδ. Ε. 235 (καὶ διακρίνεται ἀπὸ τοῦ σκεπάρνου, ὃ ἴδε)˙ ὑλοτόμους πελέκεας Ἰλ. Ψ. 114˙ ἐξέταμον πελέκεσσι νεήκεσι Ν. 391˙ οὕτω καὶ παρὰ Πινδ. Ο. 7. 66, Π. 4. 468, Εὐρ. Ἀποσπ. 475a, 6˙ π. ξυλοκόπος Ξεν. Κύρ. 6. 2, 36, κτλ. 2) ὡς πολεμικὸν ὅπλον, πελέκεσσι καὶ ἀξίνῃσι μάχοντο Ἰλ. Ο. 711˙ πελέκεως δίστομος γένυς Εὐρ. Ἀποσπ. 534˙ 5˙ ―ὁ ἐν χρήσει πρὸς τὰς θυσίας, Ἰλ. Ρ. 520, Ὀδ. Γ. 442˙ ὁ τοῦ δημίου Τενέδιος π., ὡς παροιμ., Ἀριστ. Ἀποσπ. 351, πρβλ. ποιητὴν παρὰ Πλούτ. 2. 813F· τοὺς πελέκεις ἀπέλυσε τῶν ῥάβδων, ἀφῄρεσε τοὺς πελέκεις ἀπὸ τῶν ῥάβδων τῶν ῥαβδούχων, Πλουτ. Ποπλ. 10. κτλ. ― Ὅτι κυρίως δὲν ἦτο ὅπλον μάχης φαίνεται ἐκ τῆς φράσεως οὐ δόρασι μάχεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ πελέκεσι, δηλ. μάχεσθαι μέχρις ἐσχάτου, ὄχι μόνον στρατιῶται ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶς ἄνθρωπος, Ἡρόδ. 7. 135. 3) πρὸς παράστασιν ἐπιμονῆς, κραδίη πέλεκυς ὣς .. ἀτειρὴς Ἰλ. Γ. 60. 4) ἐν Θεοφρ. Χαρακτ. 5, τὸ «ἀσκὸς πέλεκυς» φαίνεται ὅτι ἦν παιδιά τις τῶν παίδων, καὶ τοῖς μὲν συμπαίζειν αὐτὸς λέγων «ἀσκός, πέλεκυς», ἴδε σημ. Κοραῆ, πρβλ. καὶ σημ. Jebb. σ. 183. ΙΙ. μαθηματικόν τι σχῆμα παρεμφερὲς τῇ κεφαλῇ διστόμου πελέκεως, ἴδε Ἀνθ. Π. 15. 22. Πρβλ. Σανσκρ. parasus Κούρτ. 98, Pott Et. Forsch. 1. 117, 231.) [Τὸ ῠ τῆς ὀνομ. καὶ αἰτ. τοῦ ἑνικ., παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ ἐνίοτε ἐκτείνεται ἐν ἄρσει. Ἰλ. Γ. 60, Ρ. 520˙ αἰτ. πλθ. πελέκεας, ὡς παρ’ Ὁμ. ἀείποτε τρισύλλ. υυ-].
Frisk Etymological English
-εως, Ion. -εος
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: axe, double axe, hatchet (Il.).
Other forms: Ion. -εος; cf. βέλεκκος bel.
Dialectal forms: Myc. perekuwanaka ?? (Puhvel KZ 73, 221 f.).
Compounds: As 2. member in ἑξαπέλεκυς = Lat. sexfascalis (Plb.), σφυροπέλεκυς hammer-axe (Att. inscr.; Risch IF 59, 57 f.; cf. Schwyzer RhM 79, 314ff.); ἡμιπέλεκκον n. "half-axe", axe with one edge (Ψ 851), from adj. *ἡμιπέλεκϝος consisting of half an axe (Risch IF 59, 51);Derivatives: πελέκιον n. dimin. (Att. inscr.), πέλεκκον (-ος) n. (m.) axe-handle (Ν 612, Poll., H.; from -κϜ-ον as πελεκκάω below), πελεκυνάριον id. (Theo Sm.); πελεκᾶς, πελεκᾶτος m. axe-smith (Ostr. Ia; Olsson Arch. f. Pap. 11, 219). Two denominatives: 1. πελεκάω (πελεκκάω 244 from *-εκϜ-άω; Schwyzer 227 a. 731), rarely w. ἀναπελεκάω, ἀποπελεκάω, ἐκπελεκάω, καταπελεκάω, to cut with a πέλεκυς (ε 244) with πελέκημα, πελέκησις, πελεκητής, πελεκήτωρ, πελεκητρίς, πελεκητός (hell.); 2. πελεκίζω (ἀποπελεκίζω AB) to chop off with a πέλεκυς, esp. to behead (Plb., Str.) with πελεκισμός (D. S.). πέλεκρα ἀξίνη is obscure and may be late. -- Through transformation after the instrument-namen in -υξ (Chantraine Form. 383) πέλυξ id. (LXX, pap.) with πελύκιον (Peripl. M. Rubr., Pap.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Identical with Skt. paraśú- m. axe, battle-axe but for the accent as inherited(?) word; IE *peleḱu-(?); further Iran. forms, e.g. Osset. færæt axe; as Iran. LW [loanword] Toch. A porat, B peret axe (but see Benveniste, Études sur la langue ossète 107f. . -- Long as IE LW [loanword] identified with Accad. pilakku supp. axe (e.g. Kretschmer Einleitung 105 f.). The Accad. word however never means axe (rather spindle), which is why this comparison must be given up. It may be a loan from an southeastern language in a limited IE area which seems possible, though there are no further connections known. Cf. Mayrhofer KEWA 2,213 with further details and lit.; also Porzig Gliederung 160 and Thieme Die Heimat d. idg. Gemeinspr. 52 f. - Furnée 150f. points to βέλεκκος ὄσπριόν τι ἐμφερες λαθύρῳ μέγεθος ἐρεβίνθου ἔχον H. Further cf. his notes 39 and 40 (p. 150f.). He also assumes that the -κκ- rather is Pre-Greek gemination. Further πέλεκρα is rather a Pre-Greek formation, like πέλυξ.
Middle Liddell
1. an axe for felling trees, with two edges, opp. to the ἡμιπέλεκκον, Hom., Xen.
2. a sacrificial axe, Hom.—That it was not, properly, a battle axe appears from the phrase, οὐ δόρασι μάχεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ πελέκεσι to fight not with spears only, but with common axes, i. e. to the last, Hdt.
3. in Theophr. Char., πέλεκυς as a child's nickname seems to mean a sharp blade.
Frisk Etymology German
πέλεκυς: -εως, ion. -εος
{pélekus}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Axt, Doppelaxt, Beil (seit Il.).
Composita: Als Hinterglied in ἑξαπέλεκυς = lat. sexfascalis (Plb. u.a.), σφυροπέλεκυς Hammeraxt (att. Inschr.; Risch IF 59, 57 f.; vgl. Schwyzer RhM 79, 314ff.); ἡμιπέλεκκον n. "Halbaxt", Axt mit éiner Schneide (Ψ 851), aus adj. *ἡμιπέλεκϝος aus einer halben Axt bestehend (Risch IF 59, 51); myk. pe-re-ku-wa-na-ka ?? (Puhvel KZ 73, 221 f.).
Derivative: Davon πελέκιον n. Demin. (att. Inschr.), πέλεκκον (-ος) n. (m.) Axtstiel (Ν 612, Poll., H.; aus -κϝον wie πελεκκάω unten), πελεκυνάριον ib. (Theo Srn.); πελεκᾶς, -ᾶτος m. Axtschmied (Ostr. Ia; Olsson Arch. f. Pap. 11, 219). Zwei Denominativa: 1. πελεκάω (-εκκάω ε 244 aus *-εκϝάω; Schwyzer 227 u. 731), vereinzelt m. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, κατα-, ‘mit einem π. be- hauen’ (seit ε 244) mit -ημα, -ησις, -ητής, -ήτωρ, -ητρίς, -ητός (hell. u. sp.); 2. πελεκίζω (ἀπο- AB) ‘mit einem π. abhauen’, bes. enthaupten (Plb., Str. usw.) mit -ισμός (D. S.). — Durch Umbildung nach den Gerätenamen auf -υξ (Chantraine Form. 383) πέλυξ ib. (LXX, Pap. u.a.) mit πελύκιον (Peripl. M. Rubr., Pap.).
Etymology: Mit aind. paraśú- m. Beil, Axt, Streitaxt bis auf den Akzent als Erbwort identisch; idg. *peleḱu-; dazu noch iran. formen, z.B. osset. færæt Axt, Beil; als iran. LW toch. A porat, B peret Axt. — Lange als idg. LW mit akkad. pilakku angebl. Beil identiflziert (z.B. Kretschmer Einleitung 105 f.). Das akkad. Wort bedeutet aber nie Beil (eher Spindel), weshalb diese an sich verlockende Gleichung aufzugeben ist. Entlehnung aus einer südöstlichen Sprache in ein idg. Teilgebiet hat jedoch viel für sich, obwohl nähere Anhaltspunkte fehlen. Vgl. Mayrhofer s. paraśúḥ mit weiteren Einzelheiten und Lit.; auch Porzig Gliederung 160 und Thieme Die Heimat d. idg. Gemeinspr. 52 f.
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English (Woodhouse)
Wiktionary EN
Compare Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”) and Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”). This word often considered a Wanderwort, with similarity to Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”), itself from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”) and πέλεκκον (pélekkon, “axe handle”). This has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European terms are ultimately borrowed through the Akkadian or a Semitic source. Furnée points to βέλεκκος (bélekkos, “kind of pulse”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.
Translations
axe
Aari: wókka; Abaza: кӏвагъа; Abkhaz: аиха; Adyghe: отыч, обзэгъу, майтэ, ощы; Afrikaans: byl; Ahom: 𑜁𑜃𑜫; Akkadian: 𒍏𒄩𒍣𒅔; Albanian: thadër, sëpatë; Amharic: ፋስ; Arabic: فَأْس; Armenian: կացին; Assamese: কুঠাৰ; Asturian: hacha, hachu, azáu, azada, macháu,achada; Avar: гӏащтӏи; Azerbaijani: balta; Bashkir: балта; Basque: aizkora; Belarusian: сякера, тапор; Bengali: কুঠার; Bonan: ge; Bulgarian: брадва, секира, топор; Burmese: ပုဆိန်; Catalan: destral, atxa; Cebuano: wasay; Chamicuro: ame; Chechen: диг; Cheyenne: hohkȯxe; Chichewa: nkhwangwa; Chinese Cantonese: 斧頭, 斧头; Dungan: футу; Hakka: 斧頭, 斧头; Mandarin: 斧頭, 斧头, 斧, 斧, 斧子; Min Nan: 斧頭, 斧头; Wu: 斧頭, 斧头; Chuukese: kouk; Chuvash: пуртӑ; Crimean Tatar: balta; Czech: sekera; Dalmatian: sčor; Danish: økse; Dargwa: барда; Daur: sugw, topoor; Dhivehi: ކޯރާޑި; Dolgan: һүгэ; Dongxiang: sugie; Dutch: bijl, hakbijl; East Yugur: süke; Erzya: узере; Esperanto: hakilo; Estonian: kirves; Evenki: сукэ; Faroese: øks; Finnish: kirves; French: hache, cognée; Friulian: manarie; Galician: machado, machada, brosa; Garo: ru-a; Georgian: ცული, ნაჯახი; German: Axt; Gothic: 𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌹; Greek: τσεκούρι; Ancient Greek: ἀξίνη; Gujarati: કુહાડી; Hausa: gā̀tarī; Hebrew: גַּרְזֶן; Hiligaynon: wasay; Hindi: कुल्हाड़ी; Hungarian: fejsze, balta, szekerce; Icelandic: öxi, exi; Ido: hakilo; Indonesian: kapak; Ingush: диг; Interlingua: hacha; Irish: tua; Italian: ascia, accetta, scure, mannaia; Japanese: 斧, アックス; Kabardian: джыдэ; Kalmyk: сүк, балт; Kannada: ಕೊಡ್ಲಿ, ಕುಠಾರ; Karachay-Balkar: балта; Karelian: kirves; Kazakh: балта; Khmer: ពូថៅ; Kikuyu: ithanwa Kitembo: mbaha; Komi-Permyak: чер; Korean: 도끼; Kumyk: балта; Kurdish Central Kurdish: تەور; Northern Kurdish: balte; Kyrgyz: балта; Ladino Hebrew: באלטה; Ladino Latin: balta; Lak: рикӏ; Lao: ຂວານ; Latgalian: ciervs; Latin: ascia, securis; Latvian: cirvis; Lezgi: якӏв; Lithuanian: kirvis; Low German: Ax, Äx, Ex; Lü: ᦧᦱᧃ, ᦃᦱᧃ; Macedonian: секира; Malay: kapak; Malayalam: കോടാലി, മഴു; Maltese: mannara; Manchu: ᠰᡠᡥᡝ; Mangghuer: suguo; Maori: toki; Mapudungun: toki; Maranao: wasay; Marathi: कुऱ्हाड; Middle English: ax; Moksha: узерь; Mongghul: sgo; Mongolian: сүх, балт; Navajo: tsénił; Nenets: тубка; Nepali: बन्चरो; Nganasan: тобәкәә; Ngazidja Comorian: soha; Ngunawal: umbagong; Norman: hache; Norwegian: øks; Occitan: pigassa, manaira; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: секꙑра, брадꙑ; Old East Slavic: секꙑра, сокꙑра, топоръ; Old Norse: øx; Old Tupi: îy; Oriya: କୁରାଢୀ; Osage: mą́ąhįspe; Ossetian: фӕрӕт; Pashto: تبرګۍ; Persian: تبر; Plautdietsch: Biel, Akjs; Polabian: seťaŕă; Polish: siekiera; Pontic Greek: αξινάρ, παλτά; Portuguese: machado; Quechua: k'acha; Romanian: topor, secure; Romansch: sigir, siir, sagir, sieir, sgür, manera; Russian: топор, колун, секира; Rusyn: топі́р, балта; Sanskrit: परशु, कुठार; Sardinian: destrale, bestrale, segura, segure, seguri; Scottish Gaelic: tuagh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сѐкира, сјѐкира; Roman: sèkira, sjèkira; Shan: ၵႂၢၼ်; Sichuan Yi: ꃤꃀ; Sicilian: sciunetta, ascia, cugnata; Sinhalese: පොරොව; Skolt Sami: ähšš; Slovak: sekera; Slovene: sekira; Spanish: hacha; Sranan Tongo: beiri; Sudovian: bīla; Svan: კა̄და; Swahili: shoka; Swedish: yxa; Tabasaran: екӏв; Tagalog: palakol; Tai Dam: ꪄꪫꪱꪙ; Tajik: табар; Tamil: கோடரி; Taos: kwóna; Tat: тэвэр; Tatar: балта; Telugu: గొడ్డలి; Thai: ขวาน; Tibetan: སྟ་རེ; Tigrinya: ፋስ; Tocharian B: peret; Tok Pisin: akis, tamiok; Turkish: balta; Turkmen: palta; Ukrainian: сокира, колун, топі́р; Urdu: کلہاڑی; Uyghur: پالتا; Uzbek: bolta; Venetian: sigureto, daldoro, asa, daldora, manara, manera; Vietnamese: rìu; Vilamovian: ba̐jł; Wauja: e'pi; Welsh: bwyell; West Frisian: bile; White Hmong: taus; Xhosa: izembe; Yakut: сүгэ; Yiddish: האַק; Zazaki: torzin, tewerzin; Zhuang: fouj; Zulu: imbazo