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|txtha=(τος, τό, [[blood]], [[whether]] of men or of animals:<br /><b class="num">1.</b><br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[simply]] and [[generally]]: ῤύσις αἵματος, [[πηγή]] αἵματος θρόμβοι αἵματος, L brackets WH [[reject]] the [[passage]]). So [[also]] in passages [[where]] the [[eating]] of [[blood]] (and of [[bloody]] [[flesh]]) is [[forbidden]], Leviticus , Preliminary Essay § 1); Ruckert, Abendmahl, p. 94.<br /><b class="num">b.</b> As it [[was]] [[anciently]] believed [[that]] the [[blood]] is the [[seat]] of the [[life]] ([[σάρξ]] [[καί]] [[αἷμα]] (וְדָם בָּשָׂר, a [[common]] [[phrase]] in rabbinical writers), or in inverse [[order]] [[αἷμα]] [[καί]] [[σάρξ]], denotes [[man]]'s [[living]] [[body]] compounded of [[flesh]] and [[blood]], Eustathius ad Iliad 6,211 (ii. 104,2) τό δέ αἵματος [[ἀντί]] [[τοῦ]] σπέρματος [[φασίν]] οἱ σαφοὶ, ὡς [[τοῦ]] σπέρματος ὕλην τό [[αἷμα]] ἔχοντος), the [[word]] serves to [[denote]] [[generation]] and [[origin]] (in the classics [[also]]): Winer's Grammar, 177 (166)); R G).<br /><b class="num">d.</b> It is used of those things [[which]] by [[their]] [[redness]] [[resemble]] [[blood]]: [[αἷμα]] σταφυλῆς the [[juice]] of the [[grape]] ('the [[blood]] of grapes,' [[Achilles]] [[Tatius]] 2:2; [[reference]] to [[this]] is made in [[εἰς]] [[αἷμα]], of the [[moon]], ὡς [[αἷμα]] [[bloodshed]] or to be [[shed]] by [[violence]] ([[very]] [[often]] [[also]] in the classics);<br /><b class="num">a.</b>: Isaiah , whom Pilate had [[ordered]] to be massacred [[while]] [[they]] were sacrificing, so [[that]] [[their]] [[blood]] [[mingled]] [[with]] the [[blood]] ([[yet]] cf. Winer's Grammar, 623 (579)) of the victims); [[αἷμα]] ἀθοῷν (or δίκαιον Tr marginal [[reading]] WH [[text]]) the [[blood]] of an [[innocent]] (or [[righteous]]) [[man]] viz. to be [[shed]], έ᾿κχειν and ἐκχύνειν [[αἷμα]] (דָּם שָׁפַך, to [[shed]] [[blood]], [[slay]], Tdf. αἵματα); [[hence]], [[αἷμα]] is used for the [[bloody]] [[death]] itself: [[μέχρις]] αἵματος [[unto]] [[blood]], i. e., so as to [[undergo]] a [[bloody]] [[death]], [[τόν]] [[αἴτιον]] τῆς ... [[μέχρις]] αἵματος στάσεως, Heliodorus 7,8); [[τιμή]] αἵματος '[[price]] of [[blood]]' i. e. [[price]] [[received]] for [[murder]], [[ἀγρός]] αἵματος [[field]] bought [[with]] the [[price]] of [[blood]], [[χωρίον]] αἵματος, ἐν αὐτῇ αἵματα (Rec. [[αἷμα]] (so L Tr WH)) ὑρέθη, i. e., it [[was]] discovered [[that]] she [[was]] [[guilty]] of murders, [[πόλις]] αἱμάτων, τό [[αἷμα]] [[αὐτοῦ]] ἐφ' [[ἡμᾶς]] ([[namely]], ἐλθέτω) [[let]] the [[penalty]] of the [[bloodshed]] [[fall]] on us, τό [[αἷμα]] [[ὑμῶν]] [[ἐπί]] [[τήν]] κεφαλήν [[ὑμῶν]] ([[namely]], ἐλθέτω) [[let]] the [[guilt]] of [[your]] [[destruction]] be reckoned to [[your]] [[own]] [[account]], ἐπάγειν τό [[αἷμα]] τίνος [[ἐπί]] τινα, to [[cause]] the [[punishment]] of a [[murder]] to be visited [[upon]] anyone, ἐκζήτειν τό [[αἷμα]] τίνος [[ἀπό]] τίνος (פ מִיַד פ דַּם בִּקֵשׁ, ἐκδίκειν τό [[αἷμα]] τίνος, of the [[blood]] of [[sacrificial]] victims having a [[purifying]] or expiating [[power]] (the [[blood]] of Christ ([[αἷμα]] [[τοῦ]] Χριστοῦ, [[τοῦ]] κυρίου, [[τοῦ]] ἀρνίου, [[shed]] on the [[cross]] ([[αἷμα]] [[τοῦ]] σταυροῦ, [[ἀπολύτρωσις]] [[διά]] [[τοῦ]] αἵματος [[αὐτοῦ]]; so [[too]] in Rec.); [[ἀγοράζω]], 2b.); having [[expiatory]] [[efficacy]], federative or [[covenant]] [[sacrifice]]: τό [[αἷμα]] τῆς διαθήκης, the [[blood]] by the shedding of [[which]] the [[covenant]] should be ratified, WH [[reject]] [[this]] [[passage]]) (in [[both]] [[which]] the [[meaning]] Isaiah , '[[this]] [[cup]] containing [[wine]], an [[emblem]] of [[blood]], is rendered by the shedding of my [[blood]] an [[emblem]] of the [[new]] [[covenant]]'), [[Cicero]], pro Sestio 10,24 foedus [[sanguine]] meo ictum sanciri, Livy 23,8 [[sanguine]] Hannibalis sanciam Romanum foedus. πίνειν τό [[αἷμα]] [[αὐτοῦ]] (i. e. of Christ), to [[appropriate]] the [[saving]] results of Christ's [[death]], John , p. 34f.) | |txtha=(τος, τό, [[blood]], [[whether]] of men or of animals:<br /><b class="num">1.</b><br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[simply]] and [[generally]]: ῤύσις αἵματος, [[πηγή]] αἵματος θρόμβοι αἵματος, L brackets WH [[reject]] the [[passage]]). So [[also]] in passages [[where]] the [[eating]] of [[blood]] (and of [[bloody]] [[flesh]]) is [[forbidden]], Leviticus , Preliminary Essay § 1); Ruckert, Abendmahl, p. 94.<br /><b class="num">b.</b> As it [[was]] [[anciently]] believed [[that]] the [[blood]] is the [[seat]] of the [[life]] ([[σάρξ]] [[καί]] [[αἷμα]] (וְדָם בָּשָׂר, a [[common]] [[phrase]] in rabbinical writers), or in inverse [[order]] [[αἷμα]] [[καί]] [[σάρξ]], denotes [[man]]'s [[living]] [[body]] compounded of [[flesh]] and [[blood]], Eustathius ad Iliad 6,211 (ii. 104,2) τό δέ αἵματος [[ἀντί]] [[τοῦ]] σπέρματος [[φασίν]] οἱ σαφοὶ, ὡς [[τοῦ]] σπέρματος ὕλην τό [[αἷμα]] ἔχοντος), the [[word]] serves to [[denote]] [[generation]] and [[origin]] (in the classics [[also]]): Winer's Grammar, 177 (166)); R G).<br /><b class="num">d.</b> It is used of those things [[which]] by [[their]] [[redness]] [[resemble]] [[blood]]: [[αἷμα]] σταφυλῆς the [[juice]] of the [[grape]] ('the [[blood]] of grapes,' [[Achilles]] [[Tatius]] 2:2; [[reference]] to [[this]] is made in [[εἰς]] [[αἷμα]], of the [[moon]], ὡς [[αἷμα]] [[bloodshed]] or to be [[shed]] by [[violence]] ([[very]] [[often]] [[also]] in the classics);<br /><b class="num">a.</b>: Isaiah , whom Pilate had [[ordered]] to be massacred [[while]] [[they]] were sacrificing, so [[that]] [[their]] [[blood]] [[mingled]] [[with]] the [[blood]] ([[yet]] cf. Winer's Grammar, 623 (579)) of the victims); [[αἷμα]] ἀθοῷν (or δίκαιον Tr marginal [[reading]] WH [[text]]) the [[blood]] of an [[innocent]] (or [[righteous]]) [[man]] viz. to be [[shed]], έ᾿κχειν and ἐκχύνειν [[αἷμα]] (דָּם שָׁפַך, to [[shed]] [[blood]], [[slay]], Tdf. αἵματα); [[hence]], [[αἷμα]] is used for the [[bloody]] [[death]] itself: [[μέχρις]] αἵματος [[unto]] [[blood]], i. e., so as to [[undergo]] a [[bloody]] [[death]], [[τόν]] [[αἴτιον]] τῆς ... [[μέχρις]] αἵματος στάσεως, Heliodorus 7,8); [[τιμή]] αἵματος '[[price]] of [[blood]]' i. e. [[price]] [[received]] for [[murder]], [[ἀγρός]] αἵματος [[field]] bought [[with]] the [[price]] of [[blood]], [[χωρίον]] αἵματος, ἐν αὐτῇ αἵματα (Rec. [[αἷμα]] (so L Tr WH)) ὑρέθη, i. e., it [[was]] discovered [[that]] she [[was]] [[guilty]] of murders, [[πόλις]] αἱμάτων, τό [[αἷμα]] [[αὐτοῦ]] ἐφ' [[ἡμᾶς]] ([[namely]], ἐλθέτω) [[let]] the [[penalty]] of the [[bloodshed]] [[fall]] on us, τό [[αἷμα]] [[ὑμῶν]] [[ἐπί]] [[τήν]] κεφαλήν [[ὑμῶν]] ([[namely]], ἐλθέτω) [[let]] the [[guilt]] of [[your]] [[destruction]] be reckoned to [[your]] [[own]] [[account]], ἐπάγειν τό [[αἷμα]] τίνος [[ἐπί]] τινα, to [[cause]] the [[punishment]] of a [[murder]] to be visited [[upon]] anyone, ἐκζήτειν τό [[αἷμα]] τίνος [[ἀπό]] τίνος (פ מִיַד פ דַּם בִּקֵשׁ, ἐκδίκειν τό [[αἷμα]] τίνος, of the [[blood]] of [[sacrificial]] victims having a [[purifying]] or expiating [[power]] (the [[blood]] of Christ ([[αἷμα]] [[τοῦ]] Χριστοῦ, [[τοῦ]] κυρίου, [[τοῦ]] ἀρνίου, [[shed]] on the [[cross]] ([[αἷμα]] [[τοῦ]] σταυροῦ, [[ἀπολύτρωσις]] [[διά]] [[τοῦ]] αἵματος [[αὐτοῦ]]; so [[too]] in Rec.); [[ἀγοράζω]], 2b.); having [[expiatory]] [[efficacy]], federative or [[covenant]] [[sacrifice]]: τό [[αἷμα]] τῆς διαθήκης, the [[blood]] by the shedding of [[which]] the [[covenant]] should be ratified, WH [[reject]] [[this]] [[passage]]) (in [[both]] [[which]] the [[meaning]] Isaiah , '[[this]] [[cup]] containing [[wine]], an [[emblem]] of [[blood]], is rendered by the shedding of my [[blood]] an [[emblem]] of the [[new]] [[covenant]]'), [[Cicero]], pro Sestio 10,24 foedus [[sanguine]] meo ictum sanciri, Livy 23,8 [[sanguine]] Hannibalis sanciam Romanum foedus. πίνειν τό [[αἷμα]] [[αὐτοῦ]] (i. e. of Christ), to [[appropriate]] the [[saving]] results of Christ's [[death]], John , p. 34f.) | ||
}} | |||
{{lsm | |||
|lsmtext='''αἷμα:''' -ατος, τό,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[αίμα]], σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· στον πληθ., ποτάμια, [[πλημμύρα]] αίματος ή [[αιματοχυσία]], σε Τραγ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[αιματοχυσία]], [[φόνος]], σε Αισχύλ. κ.λπ.· <i>ἐφ'αἵματι φεύγειν</i>, [[αποφεύγω]] [[δίκη]] για φόνο επιλέγοντας την [[εξορία]] ή εξορίζομαι λόγω φόνου, σε Δημ.· ομοίως και, [[αἷμα]] φεύγειν, σε Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> όπως το Λατ. [[sanguis]], [[συγγένεια]] εξ αίματος, [[συγγένεια]], σόι, [[οικογένεια]], σε Σοφ., Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· <i>ὁ πρὸς αἵματος</i>, [[συγγενής]] εξ αίματος ή φυλής, σε Σοφ.· <i>μητρὸς τῆς ἐμῆς ἐν αἵματι</i>, [[συγγενής]] της εξ αίματος, σε Αισχύλ. (αμφίβ. προέλ.). | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 17:36, 30 December 2018
English (LSJ)
ατος, τό,
A blood, Il. 1.303, etc.; φόνος αἵματος 16.162; ψυχῆς ἄκρατον αἷμα S.El.786: in pl., streams of blood, A.Ag.1293, S.Ant. 121, E.El.1172, Alc.496. 2 of anything like blood, Βακχίου Tim. Fr.7; αἷ. σταφυλῆς LXXSi.39.26, cf. App.Anth.3.166 (Procl.). b dye obtained from ἄγχουσα, alkanet, PHolm.15.25, PLeid.X.99.3. 3 with collat. meaning of spirit, courage, οὐκ ἔχων αἷμα pale, spiritless Aeschin.3.160; τοὺς αἷμα φάσκοντας τὴν ψυχήν Arist.de An. 405b4. II bloodshcd, murder, A.Ch.520, S.OT101; ὅμαιμον αἷ. a kinsman's murder, A.Supp.449; εἴργασται μητρῷον αἷ. E.Or. 285, cf. 406; αἶ. πράττειν ib.1139; αἷμα συγγενὲς κτείνας S.Fr.799.3; αἷμα τραγοκτόνον shedding of goat's blood, E.Ba.139; ἐφ' αἵματι φεύγειν to avoid trial for murder by going into exile, SIG58 (Milet., V B.C.), D.21.105; αἷμα συγγενὲς φεύγων E.Supp.148: pl. in this sense, A.Ch.66,650, freq. in E., never in S.; αἵματασύγγονα brothers' corpses, E.Ph.1502:—concrete, νεακόνητον αἷ. keen-edged death, i. e. a sword, S.El.1394 (expl. by μάχαιρα, Hsch.). III blood relationship, kin, αἷ. τε καὶ γένος Od.8.583; αἵματός εἰς ἀγαθοῖο 4.611; οΐ σῆς ἐξ αἵματός εἰσι γενέθλης Il.19.111; τὸ αἷ. τινος his blood or origin, Pi.N.11.34; αἷ. ἐμφύλιον incestuous kinship, S.OT1406; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος Id.Aj.1305, cf. Arist.Pol.1262a11; μητρὸς τῆς ἐμῆς ἐν αἵματι akin to her by blood, A.Eu.606, cf. Th.141; ἀφ' αἵματος ὑμετέρου S.OC245. 2 concrete, of a person, ὦ Διὸς . . αἷμα IG14.1003.1, cf. 1389 ii4, etc.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
αἷμα: -ατος, τό, Ὅμ. ὅστις πολλάκις συνάπτει φόνος τε καὶ αἷμα, κτλ., ψυχῆς ἄκρατον αἷμα, Σοφ. Ἠλ. 786· ὡσαύτ. κατὰ πληθ. αἱμάτων εὐθνησίμων ἀπορρυέντων, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1293, Σοφ. Ἀντ. 120, Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 1176, Ἄλκ. 496. 2) ἐπὶ παντὸς ὁμοιάζοντος πρὸς αἷμα, αἷμα σταφυλῆς, Ἑβδ. (Σειρ. λθ΄, 26· (πρβλ. Ἀνθ. Π. παράρτ. 69. 3) μετὰ παραλλήλου σημασίας θάρρους, εὐψυχίας, οὐκ ἔχων αἷμα = ὠχρός, ἄνευ ζωηρότητος, Αἰσχίν. 76. 28· πρβλ. Ἀριστ. περὶ ψυχ. 1. 2. 21: αἷμα φάσκουσί τινες τὴν ψυχήν. ΙΙ αἱματοχυσία, φόνος, Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 520, Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 101· πρβλ. Ἐλμσλ. Βάκχ. 139. ὅμαιμον αἷμα γίγνεται = συγγενοῦς φόνος τελεῖται, Αἰσχύλ. Ἱκ. 449· εἴργασται μητρῷον αἷμα, Εὐρ. Ὀρ. 284· πρβλ. 406· αἷμα πράττειν, αὐτόθι 1139, ἔτι δὲ καὶ αἷμα κτανεῖν, ὡς ἐὰν τὸ αἷμα ἦτο σύστοιχος αἰτιατ., Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 153: - ἐφ’ αἵματι φεύγειν, ἐξορία πρὸς ἀποφυγὴν δίκης ἐπὶ φόνῳ Δημ. 548, ἐν τέλ. ὅπερ ἐν Εὐρ. Ἱκ. 148 εἶναι, αἷμα φεύγειν, ἴδε Μυλλ. Εὐμεν. § 50, κἑξ. - Ὁ πληθυντικὸς κεῖται ἐπὶ ταύτης τῆς σημασ. Παρ’ Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1302, Χο. 64. 650. - συχνάκις παρ’ Εὐρ., οὐδέποτε παρὰ Σοφ. - αἵματα σύγγονα = ἀδελφῶν πτώματα, Εὐρ. Φοίν. 1503· - ἡ φράσις τοῦ Σοφοκλ. ἐν Ἠλέκτρ. 1394, νεακόνητον αἷμα χειροῖν ἔχων, παρεπλάνησε τὸν Ἡσύχ. καὶ ἄλλους ἵνα δώσωσιν εἰς τὸ αἷμα καὶ τὴν σημασίαν τῆς μαχαίρας· ἀλλ’ ἴδε τὴν λέξιν νεακόνητος. ΙΙΙ ὡς τὸ Λατ. sanguis, = αἷμα, ἐξ αἵματος συγγένεια, αἷμά τε καὶ γένος, Ὀδ. Θ. 583· αἵματός εἰς ἀγαθοῖο, Δ. 611· οἳ σῆς ἐξ αἵματός εἰσι γενέθλης, Ἰλ. Τ. 111· τὸ αἷμά τινος, ἡ καταγωγή του, Λατ. stirps, Πινδ. Ν. 11. 44· αἷμ’ ἐμφύλιον, Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 1406· ὁ πρὸς αἵματος = συγγενὴς ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ αἵματος ἢ φυλῆς, ὁ αὐτ. Αἴ. 1305· πρβλ. Ἀριστ. Πολ. 2. 3, 7· μητρὸς τῆς ἐμῆς ἐν αἵματι = συγγενὴς αὐτῆς ἐξ αἵματος, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 606· πρβλ. Θ. 141· ἀφ’ αἵματος, ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς, Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 245. 2) συγκεκρ. ἐπὶ προσώπου, ὦ Διός … αἷμα, Ἐπιγράμμ. Ἑλλ. 831. 1· αἷμα σόν, αὐτόθι 722. 8· πρβλ. 1046, 4, καὶ ἀλλ. (ἡ ῥίζα τῆς λέξεως εἶναι ἀμφίβολος).
French (Bailly abrégé)
ατος (τό) :
1 sang ; τὰ αἵματα flots de sang;
2 sang versé, meurtre ; ἀπόφονον αἷμα EUR sang qui n’aurait pas dû être répandu ; αἷμα γενέθλιον EUR meurtre d’une mère ; αἵματος δίκαι ESCHL accusation de meurtre ; ἐφ’ αἵματι φεύγειν DÉM être banni comme coupable de meurtre ; αἷμα πράττειν EUR faire payer la dette du sang ; αἵματος πράκτορες ESCHL vengeresses qui exigent la rançon du sang;
3 fig. sang, liens du sang, parenté, race : αἵματος εἶς ἀγαθοῖο OD tu es d’un bon sang, d’une bonne race ; ἐξ αἵματος εἶναι IL, ἀφ’ αἵματος εἶναι SOPH, ἐν αἵματι ESCHL être du sang de qqn ; ὁ πρὸς αἵματος SOPH qui est du même sang, parent;
4 âme ; force, courage.
Étymologie: DELG sans étymologie sûre.
English (Autenrieth)
blood, bloodshed, carnage; of relationship, race (γενεὴ καὶ αἷμα), Il. 6.211, Il. 19.105.
English (Slater)
αἷμα (αἷμα, -ατος, αἷμα.)
1 blood
a lit. ]ἐνέπισε κεκραμέν' ἐν αἵματι fr. 111. 1.
b met., murder, slaughter ἥρως ὅτι ἐμφύλιον αἷμα πρώτιστος ἐπέμειξε θνατοῖς (P. 2.32) ὅστις ἐν ταύτᾳ νεφέλᾳ χάλαζαν αἵματος πρὸ φίλας πάτρας ἀμύνεται (I. 7.27)
c met., stock, line, child “τετράτων παίδων κ' ἐπιγεινομένων αἷμά οἱ κείναν λάβε ἄπειρον” the children of the fourth generation (P. 4.48) Ζευ, τεὸν γὰρ αἷμα, σέο δ' ἀγών (πρόγονος τῶν Αἰακιδῶν ὁ Ζεύς. Σ.) (N. 3.65) κράτησεν ἀπὸ ταύτας αἷμα πάτρας Καλλίας (N. 6.35) συμβαλεῖν μὰν εὐμαρὲς ἦν τό τε Πεισάνδρου πάλαι αἷμ' ἀπὸ Σπάρτας (N. 11.34)
d frag. ]αιμαπολ[ fr. 111. 6.
Spanish (DGE)
-ματος, τό
I 1sangre en principio cuando se derrama ἔρρεεν αἷμα κελαινεφὲς ἐξ ὠτειλῆς Il.4.140, cf. 21.119, Od.9.388, Hes.Sc.174, A.Ch.1055, τῶν εἴη μέλαν αἷμα πιεῖν séame dado beber su negra sangre Thgn.349
•op. al ἰχώρ de los dioses Il.5.339
•sangre de animales, esp. en el sacrificio Il.23.34, τοῦδε σφαγίου ποτὸν ἀψύχοις αἷμα μεθίει A.Fr.273a.5, αἷ. ταύρου Hdt.3.15, cf. Nonn.D.7.168, αἷμα καὶ οἶνον σπένδοντας IG 5(1).1390.1 (Andania I a.C.)
•en plu. ríos de sangre A.A.1293, S.Ant.121
•fig. ánimo, valor, sangre εἰδὼς ὅτι αἵματός ἐστιν ἡ ἀρετὴ ὠνία sabedor de que el valor se compra con sangre Aeschin.3.160.
2 en especulaciones, considerada como elemento básico de la vida, esp. op. σάρξ: ἐκ τῶν αἷμά τε γέντο καὶ ἄλλης εἴδεα σαρκός Emp.B 98.5, pero en lit. judeocristiana a veces identif. c. la naturaleza humana σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα op. al Padre celestial Eu.Matt.16.17
•τὸ κοινὸν (e.d. αἷμα) γῆς καὶ ὕδατος Arist.PA 668b10, αὕτη (ἡ καρδία) γάρ ἐστιν ἀρχὴ ἢ πηγὴ τοῦ αἵματος Arist.PA 666a8, Gal.5.573
•para explicar la respiración ὁπόταν μὲν ἀπαΐξῃ τέρεν αἷμα, αἰθὴρ παφλάζων καταΐσσεται Emp.B 100.6, cf. Emp.B 100.22
•sobre su división en venosa y arterial διαφόρου ὄντος τοῦ αἵματος Arist.PA 666b29, cf. Gal.5.573, 15.262
•como fundamento de otras materias biológicas: de la leche (τὸ αἷμα) πύον ἔπλετο λευκόν Emp.B 68, del semen, Diog.Apoll.B 6, o simplemente τὸ αἷμα τῆς γενέσεως ἡμῶν ὡς ὕλη Gal.5.672
•junto c. el semen principio de nacimiento αἷμα καὶ σπέρμα τῆς γενέσεως ἡμῶν εἰσιν ἀρχαί Gal.6.3
•en la expresión ἐξ αἵματος trad. de lat. jur. a sanguine o ex sanguine, en el momento de nacer, desde el nacimiento παιδίον ... ὃ ἠγόρασα ἐξ αἵματος ILeukopetra 39.7 (II d.C.), cf. ILeukopetra 103.12 (III d.C.), TC 198.3 (imper.)
•como sede de las facultades psicológicas αἷμα γὰρ ἀνθρώποις περικάρδιόν ἐστι νόημα la sangre que está alrededor del corazón es el pensamiento de los hombres Emp.B 105.3, πότερον τὸ αἷμά ἐστιν ᾧ φρονοῦμεν Pl.Phd.96b, τρέφεσθαί τε τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Pythag.B 1a.30, τοὺς αἷμα φάσκοντας τὴν ψυχήν Arist.de An.405b4
•frec. en textos medic. Hp.Aër.10, Mochl.36
•fig. καὶ μὴ τό μευ αἶμα νύκτα κἠμέρην πῖνε no me bebas la sangre día y noche, e.d., no me irrites constantemente Herod.5.7.
II 1sangre como relación de parentesco, consanguinidad, raza, linaje ταύτης τοι γενεῆς τε καὶ αἵματος εὔχομαι εἶναι Il.6.211, 20.241, cf. Od.8.583, ἀνδρὸς αἷμα συγγενὲς κτείνας S.Fr.799.3, ἂν αἰσχύνοιμι τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος deshonraría a los de mi linaje S.Ai.1305, cf. Arist.Pol.1262a11, αἷμ' ἀπὸ Σπάρτας Pi.N.11.34, Περσήιον αἷμα Theoc.24.73, κα[σιγνή] των ἱερὸν αἷμα θεῶν Call.SHell.254.2, cf. Fr.67.7, Del.282, αἷ. Ἐρεχθειδᾶν IG 22.3118.4 (II d.C.), τέκνα ἐκ τοῦ αἵματος μου MAMA 6.225 (Frigia, imper.), αἵματος ἀγνώστοιο ... γένος Nonn.D.46.57, ἐξ αἱμάτων γεννηθῆναι op. ἐκ Θεοῦ nacer del linaje humano op. de Dios, Eu.Io.1.13.
2 de pers. no relacionadas por parentesco sino por una actividad común clase, raza αἷμα ποιμένων Semon.19.
III 1sangre derramada, crimen, asesinato προτέρων αἷμα la muerte de las anteriores víctimas A.A.1338, ὅμαιμον αἷμα A.Supp.449, φεύγων τόδ' αἷμα κοινόν A.Ch.1038, κακῆς γυναικὸς οὕνεχ' αἷμ' ἐπράξαμεν E.Or.1139, φεύγεν τὴν ἐφ' αἵματι φυγήν que sean condenados al destierro por asesinato, Milet 1(6).187.2 (V a.C.), ἐφ' αἵματι φεύγειν D.21.105, παῦε μὲν φυγάς, παῦε δ' αἷμα Philostr.VA 8.7, ὑπὲρ ἀστραγάλων αἷμα ἕν Philostr.Her.23.8, LXX Sap.14.25, Hdn.2.6.14, εἴργασται δ' ἐμοὶ μητρῷον αἷμα he derramado la sangre de mi madre E.Or.285, ἐγχέαντας αὐτῆς τὸ ἀναίτιον αἷμα ἀδίκως ID 2532.1A.6 (Renea II/I a.C.), τὸ αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐφ' ἡμᾱς καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα ἡμῶν Eu.Matt.27.25, τιμὴ αἵματος precio de sangre, recompensa por un crimen, Eu.Matt.27.6, λαβὲ τοὺς χαλκοῦς τοῦ αἵματος UPZ 77.2.9 (II a.C.)
•fig. muerte νεακόνητον αἷμα de una espada, S.El.1394, οὔπω μέχρις αἵματος ἀντικατέστητε no habéis resistido hasta la sangre (e.d. la muerte), Ep.Hebr.12.4, del fin del mundo δι' αἵματος καὶ πυρός Herm.Vis.4.3.3.
2 derramamiento de sangre, sacrificio, sangre expiatoria (el labrador es) ἄπειρος αἵματος op. los sacrificios vegetales, Max.Tyr.24.4
•esp. en lit. crist. αἷμα ἀρνίου Apoc.7.14, cf. Ep.Rom.3.25, τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν τὸ αἷμά μου τῆς διαθήκης τὸ περὶ πολλῶν ἐκχυννόμενον εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν Eu.Matt.26.28.
IV fig., ref. otros líquidos, c. dif. determ. sangre αἷ. βακχίου sangre de Baco, e.e., vino Tim.4.4, αἷ. σταφυλῆς LXX Si.39.26, αἷμα ἐκ τῆς ληνοῦ Apoc.14.20, αἷμα γλυκύ Ach.Tat.2.2.4
•de tintes o colorantes PHolm.15.25, PLeid.X.98.3, αἷμα τῶν κοχλίων púrpura Luc.Cat.16, ἄστρων αἷμα rocío Artem.4.22.
V bot. como primer componente de muchos nombres de plantas αἷ. Ἀθηνᾶς pinillo, pinillo oloroso, hierba artética, Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb., Ps.Dsc.3.158, Ps.Apul.Herb.26.9, Gloss.3.561, 562
•αἷ. Ἄμμωνος nébeda, hierba gatera, Nepeta cataria L., Ps.Apul.Herb.94.6, Gloss.3.561
•αἷ. ἀνθρώπου artemisa arborescente, ajenjo moruno, Artemisia arborescens L. de Oriente, Ps.Dsc.3.113, Ps.Apul.Herb.10.15, Gloss.3.562
•αἷ. Ἀπόλλωνος camedrio acuático, escordio, Teucrium scordium L., Ps.Dsc.3.111
•αἷ. Ἄρεως lirio de San Antonio, azucena, Lilium candidum L., Ps.Dsc.3.102
•tb. verdolaga, Portulaca oleracea L., Ps.Apul.Herb.104.7, Gloss.3.551
•αἷ. γαλῆς doradilla, Ceterach officinarum Willd., Ps.Dsc.3.134, Ps.Apul.Herb.56.13, Gloss.3.561
•tb. pata de lobo, menta de lobo, marrubio acuático, Lycopus europaeus L., Ps.Dsc.4.59, Ps.Apul.Herb.66.8, Gloss.3.561, 562
•tb. cinoglosa, Cynoglossum creticum Miller, Gloss.3.561
•αἷ. Ἑρμοῦ pata de lobo, cf. supra, Ps.Dsc.4.59
•αἷ. Ἡρακλέους centaura mayor, Centaurea centaurium L., Ps.Dsc.3.6, Ps.Apul.Herb.34.18, Gloss.3.561
•tb. centaura menor, Centaurium erythraea centaurium Ps.Dsc.3.7, Ps.Apul.Herb.35.22
•αἷ. ἴβεως zarza, Rubus fruticosus L., Ps.Dsc.4.37, Ps.Apul.Herb.88.31, Gloss.3.561
•αἷμα ἰκτῖνος cohombrillo amargo, pepinillo del diablo, Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich., Ps.Apul.Herb.114.14
•αἷμα κροκοδείλου otro n. de ζῳόνυχον un tipo de leóntica, Leontice leontopetalum L., Ps.Dsc.4.133
•αἷ. προβάτου (?) narciso Ps.Apul.Herb.55.7
•αἷ. ταύρου marrubio, Marrubium vulgare L. y Marrubium creticum L., Ps.Dsc.3.105, Ps.Apul.Herb.45.29, Gloss.3.561
•αἷ. Τιτάνου otro n. de σιδηρῖτις rabo de gato, Sideritis sp., Ps.Dsc.4.33, Ps.Apul.Herb.49.10
•tb. zarza cf. supra Ps.Dsc.4.37, Ps.Apul.Herb.88.31, Gloss.3.561
•αἷ. Τυφῶνος otro n. de λάπαθον romaza blanca o borracha, Rumex conglomeratus Murray, Ps.Dsc.2.114, Ps.Apul.Herb.13.8 (ap.crít.), Gloss.3.561
•αἷ. Ὥρου apio, Apium graveolens L., Ps.Dsc.3.64, Ps.Apul.Herb.119.6, como n. secreto de diversas piedras o plantas con virtudes mág. αἷ. ὄφεως· αἱματίτης λίθος PMag.12.410, αἷ. Ἄρεως· ἀνδράχνη PMag.12.420, cf. 422.
• Etimología: Hay varias propuestas ninguna de las cuales resulta convincente, quizás la mejor sea la que parte de ἵημι: αἷμα sería ‘herida’, ‘derramamiento de sangre’ y de ahí ‘sangre’.
English (Abbott-Smith)
αἷμα, ατος, τό, [in LXX for דָּם ;]
blood.
1.In the ordinary sense: Mk 5:25, Lk 8:43,44 22:44, Jo 19:34, Ac 15:20,29 21:25, Re 8:7,8 11:6 16:3,4,6 19:13.
2.In special senses:
(a)of generation, origin, kinship (cl.): Jo 1:13 (v. MM, VGT, s.v.);
(b)as in OT (AR on Eph, l.c.), in the phrase σάρξ καὶ αἷ. (αἷ. κ. σ.), to indicate human nature as opp. to God and created spirits: Mt 16:17, I Co 15:50, Ga 1:16, Eph 6:12, He 2:14;
(c)of things in colour resembling blood: Ac 2:19,20, Re 6:12 14:18-20.
(d)of bloodshed, a bloody death (cl.): Mt 23:30,35 27:4,6,8,24,25, Lk 11:50,51 13:1, Ac 1:19 5:28 18:6 20:26 22:20, He 12:4, Re 6:10 17:6 18:24 19:2 ; αἷ. ἐκχέειν (Deiss., LAE, 428; MM, VGT, s.v., αἷ.), Ro 3:15, Re 16:6;
(e)of sacrificial blood, as an expiation: He 9:7,12,13,18-22,25 10:4 11:28 13:11; of the blood of Christ, Mt 26:28, Mk 14:24, Lk 22:20, Jo 6:53,54,56, Ac 20:28, Ro 3:25 5:9, I Co 10:16 11:25,27, Eph 1:7 2:13, Col 1:20, He 9:12,14 10:19,29 12:24 13:20, I Pe 1:2,19, I Jo 1:7 (cf. 5:6,8), Re 1:5 5:9 7:14 12:11. (Cremer, 69 f., 612 f.) †
English (Strong)
of uncertain derivation; blood, literally (of men or animals), figuratively (the juice of grapes) or specially (the atoning blood of Christ); by implication, bloodshed, also kindred: blood.
English (Thayer)
(τος, τό, blood, whether of men or of animals:
1.
a. simply and generally: ῤύσις αἵματος, πηγή αἵματος θρόμβοι αἵματος, L brackets WH reject the passage). So also in passages where the eating of blood (and of bloody flesh) is forbidden, Leviticus , Preliminary Essay § 1); Ruckert, Abendmahl, p. 94.
b. As it was anciently believed that the blood is the seat of the life (σάρξ καί αἷμα (וְדָם בָּשָׂר, a common phrase in rabbinical writers), or in inverse order αἷμα καί σάρξ, denotes man's living body compounded of flesh and blood, Eustathius ad Iliad 6,211 (ii. 104,2) τό δέ αἵματος ἀντί τοῦ σπέρματος φασίν οἱ σαφοὶ, ὡς τοῦ σπέρματος ὕλην τό αἷμα ἔχοντος), the word serves to denote generation and origin (in the classics also): Winer's Grammar, 177 (166)); R G).
d. It is used of those things which by their redness resemble blood: αἷμα σταφυλῆς the juice of the grape ('the blood of grapes,' Achilles Tatius 2:2; reference to this is made in εἰς αἷμα, of the moon, ὡς αἷμα bloodshed or to be shed by violence (very often also in the classics);
a.: Isaiah , whom Pilate had ordered to be massacred while they were sacrificing, so that their blood mingled with the blood (yet cf. Winer's Grammar, 623 (579)) of the victims); αἷμα ἀθοῷν (or δίκαιον Tr marginal reading WH text) the blood of an innocent (or righteous) man viz. to be shed, έ᾿κχειν and ἐκχύνειν αἷμα (דָּם שָׁפַך, to shed blood, slay, Tdf. αἵματα); hence, αἷμα is used for the bloody death itself: μέχρις αἵματος unto blood, i. e., so as to undergo a bloody death, τόν αἴτιον τῆς ... μέχρις αἵματος στάσεως, Heliodorus 7,8); τιμή αἵματος 'price of blood' i. e. price received for murder, ἀγρός αἵματος field bought with the price of blood, χωρίον αἵματος, ἐν αὐτῇ αἵματα (Rec. αἷμα (so L Tr WH)) ὑρέθη, i. e., it was discovered that she was guilty of murders, πόλις αἱμάτων, τό αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐφ' ἡμᾶς (namely, ἐλθέτω) let the penalty of the bloodshed fall on us, τό αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπί τήν κεφαλήν ὑμῶν (namely, ἐλθέτω) let the guilt of your destruction be reckoned to your own account, ἐπάγειν τό αἷμα τίνος ἐπί τινα, to cause the punishment of a murder to be visited upon anyone, ἐκζήτειν τό αἷμα τίνος ἀπό τίνος (פ מִיַד פ דַּם בִּקֵשׁ, ἐκδίκειν τό αἷμα τίνος, of the blood of sacrificial victims having a purifying or expiating power (the blood of Christ (αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦ κυρίου, τοῦ ἀρνίου, shed on the cross (αἷμα τοῦ σταυροῦ, ἀπολύτρωσις διά τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ; so too in Rec.); ἀγοράζω, 2b.); having expiatory efficacy, federative or covenant sacrifice: τό αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης, the blood by the shedding of which the covenant should be ratified, WH reject this passage) (in both which the meaning Isaiah , 'this cup containing wine, an emblem of blood, is rendered by the shedding of my blood an emblem of the new covenant'), Cicero, pro Sestio 10,24 foedus sanguine meo ictum sanciri, Livy 23,8 sanguine Hannibalis sanciam Romanum foedus. πίνειν τό αἷμα αὐτοῦ (i. e. of Christ), to appropriate the saving results of Christ's death, John , p. 34f.)
Greek Monotonic
αἷμα: -ατος, τό,
I. αίμα, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· στον πληθ., ποτάμια, πλημμύρα αίματος ή αιματοχυσία, σε Τραγ.
II. αιματοχυσία, φόνος, σε Αισχύλ. κ.λπ.· ἐφ'αἵματι φεύγειν, αποφεύγω δίκη για φόνο επιλέγοντας την εξορία ή εξορίζομαι λόγω φόνου, σε Δημ.· ομοίως και, αἷμα φεύγειν, σε Ευρ.
III. όπως το Λατ. sanguis, συγγένεια εξ αίματος, συγγένεια, σόι, οικογένεια, σε Σοφ., Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· ὁ πρὸς αἵματος, συγγενής εξ αίματος ή φυλής, σε Σοφ.· μητρὸς τῆς ἐμῆς ἐν αἵματι, συγγενής της εξ αίματος, σε Αισχύλ. (αμφίβ. προέλ.).
