fundo

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

fundo: āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. fundus,
I to lay the bottom, keel, foundation of a thing, to found (syn.: condo, exstruo, etc.).
I Lit. (perh. only poet.): haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, i. e. is laid, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44 (v. Ritschl ad h. l.); dum mea puppis erat validā fundata carinā, Ov. P. 4, 3, 5; id. H. 16, 111: Erycino in vertice sedes fundatur Veneri Idaliae, is founded, Verg. A. 5, 759: sedes saxo vetusto. id. ib. 8, 478: arces, id. ib. 4, 260.—
   B Transf., in gen., to fasten, secure, make firm: dente tenaci Ancora fundabat naves, Verg. A. 6, 4: (genus humanum) Et majoribus et solidis magis ossibus intus Fundatum, Lucr. 5, 928; 4, 828.—
II Trop., to found, establish, fix, confirm (class., esp. in part. perf.; cf.: firmo, stabilio): illud vero maxime nostrum fundavit imperium et populi Romani nomen auxit, quod, etc., Cic. Balb. 13, 31; cf.: quantis laboribus fundatum imperium, id. Cat. 4, 9, 19: qui (rei publicae status) bonorum omnium conjunctione et auctoritate consulatus mei fixus et fundatus videbatur, id. Att. 1, 16, 6: accurate non modo fundata verum etiam exstructa disciplina, id. Fin. 4, 1, 1; cf.: fundati a doctore, thoroughly instructed, Lact. 6, 21, 4: res publica praeclare fundata, Cic. Par. 1, 2, 10; cf.: qui legibus urbem Fundavit, Verg. A. 6, 810: in eorum agro sedes fundare Bastarnis, Liv. 40, 57, 5: libertatem, salutem, securitatem, Plin. Pan. 8, 1: jus civile, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 39: vacuos Penates prole, Stat. S. 4, 7, 30; cf.: thalamos Tritonide nympha, i. e. to marry, Sil. 2, 65: partis et fundatis amicitiis, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 7, 25: fundatae atque optime constitutae opes, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 1; cf.: nitidis fundata pecunia villis, well laid out, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 46: nihil veritate fundatum, Cic. Fl. 11, 26; cf. Lucr. 5, 161.— Hence, fundātus, a, um, P. a., firm, fixed, grounded, durable (very rare).
   A Lit.: quo fundatior erit ex arenato directura, etc., Vitr. 7, 3 med.: si permanetis in fide fundati, Vulg. Col. 1, 23.—
   B Trop.: deflevi subitas fundatissimae familiae ruinas, Auct. Or. pro Domo, 36, 96.
fundo: fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a. root FUD; Gr. ΧΥ, χεϝ>-, in χέω, χεύσω; Lat. futis, futtilis, ec-futio, re-futo, etc., Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 204 sq.,
I to pour, pour out, shed.
I Lit., of fluids.
   1    In gen.: (natura terram) sucum venis cogebat fundere apertis Consimilem lactis, etc., Lucr. 5, 812: sanguinem e patera, Cic. Div. 1, 23, 46: novum liquorem (i. e. vinum) de patera, Hor. C. 1, 31, 3: vina paterā in aras, Ov. M. 9, 160; cf.: vinum inter cornua, id. ib. 7, 594: vinum super aequora, id. ib. 11, 247: duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho Fundit humi, Verg. A. 5, 78: laticem urnis, Ov. M. 3, 172: lacrimas, Verg. A. 3, 348: cf. Ov. M. 5, 540: fundit Anigros aquas, pours out, id. ib. 15, 282: parumne fusum est Latini sanguinis? shed, spilt, Hor. Epod. 7, 4: sanguine ob rem publicam fuso, Sall. H. Fr. 2, 96, 2 Dietsch: sanguinem de regno (i. e. propter regnum), Curt. 10, 5.—Mid.: memorandum, in septem lacus eum (Strymonem) fundi, discharges itself, Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 38: ingentibus procellis fusus imber, pouring, Liv. 6, 8, 7; 6, 32, 6; cf.: sanguis in corporibus fusus, Cic. de Or. 2, 77, 310.—
   2    In partic.
   a Of metals, to make by melting, to melt, cast, found: exolevit fundendi aeris pretiosi ratio, Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 5; cf. id. 34, 7, 18, § 46: caldarium (aes) funditur tantum, malleis fragile, id. 34, 8, 20, § 94: aere fuso, id. 34, 11, 24, § 107: vitrum, id. 34, 14, 42, § 148: glandes, Auct. B. Afr. 20, 3: Theodorus ipse se ex aere fudit, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 83: ne statuam quidem inchoari, cum ejus membra fundentur, Quint. 2, 1, 12: fusis omnibus membris (statuae), id. 7 praef. § 2: olim quaerere amabam, Quid sculptum infabre, quid fusum durius esset, Hor. S. 2, 3, 22.—*
   b In medic. lang.: aliquem, to cause one to have fluid stools, to relax the bowels (opp. comprimere): si compresserit aliquem morbus aut fuderit, Cels. praef. med.; cf. under P. a.—
   B Transf.
   1    To wet, moisten, bathe with a liquid (poet. and very rare): (ossa) niveo fundere lacte, Tib. 3, 2, 20: multo tempora funde mero, id. 1, 7, 50.—
   2    Of things non-fluid.
   a In gen., to pour forth in abundance, to scatter, cast, hurl; to spread, extend, diffuse: desectam cum stramento segetem corbibus fudere in Tiberim, Liv. 2, 5, 3: picem reliquasque res, quibus ignis excitari potest, fundebant, Caes. B. G. 7, 24, 4: tela, Val. Fl. 3, 243: sagittam, Sil. 7, 647: (solis) radios per opaca domorum, Lucr. 2, 115: quas (maculas) incuria fudit, has scattered, Hor. A. P. 352: fundunt se carcere laeti Thraces equi, pour themselves forth, rush out, Val. Fl. 1, 611: se cuncta manus ratibus, id. 2, 662: littera fundens se in charta, Plin. 13, 12, 25, § 81: luna se fundebat per fenestras, Verg. A. 3, 152.—Mid.: ne (vitis) in omnes partes nimia fundatur, spread out, Cic. de Sen. 15, 52: homines fusi per agros ac dispersi, Cic. Sest. 42, 91.—
   b In partic.
   (a)    With the accessory notion of production, to bring forth, bear or produce (in abundance): crescunt arbusta et fetus in tempore fundunt, Lucr. 1, 351; cf.: terra feta frugibus et vario leguminum genere, quae cum maxima largitate fundit, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156: flores aut fruges aut bacas, id. Tusc. 5, 13, 37: frugem, id. de Sen. 15, 51: plus materiae (vites), Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 192: cum centesimo Leontini campi fundunt, id. 18, 10, 21, § 95: facile illa (piscium ova) aqua et sustinentur et fetum fundunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 129: (terra) animal prope certo tempore fudit Omne, Lucr. 5, 823; cf. ib. 917: fudit equum magno tellus percussa tridenti, Verg. G. 1, 13: Africa asinorum silvestrium multitudinem fundit, Plin. 8, 30, 46, § 108: quae te beluam ex utero, non hominem fudit, Cic. Pis. init.; Verg. A. 8, 139, v. Forbig. ad h. l.—
   (b)    With the secondary notion of depth or downward direction, to throw or cast to the ground, to prostrate: (victi hostes) et de jugis, quae ceperant, funduntur, Liv. 9, 43, 20: nec prius absistit, quam septem ingentia victor Corpora (cervorum) fundat humi, Verg. A. 1, 193; cf. Ov. M. 13, 85; Sil. 4, 533: aliquem arcu, Val. Fl. 1, 446.—In middle force: fundi in alga, to lie down, Val. Fl. 1, 252.—Esp. freq. milit. t. t., overthrow, overcome, rout, vanquish an enemy: hostes nefarios prostravit, fudit, occidit, Cic. Phil. 14, 10, 27; cf.: exercitus caesus fususque, id. ib. 14, 1, 1: aliquos caedere, fundere atque fugare, Sall. J. 58, 3: Gaetulos, id. ib. 88, 3: classes fusae fugataeque, id. ib. 79, 4; cf.: si vi fudisset cecidissetque hostes, Liv. 35, 1, 8: hostes de jugis, id. 9, 43, 20: Gallos de delubris vestris, id. 6, 16, 2: eas omnes copias a se uno proelio fusas ac superatas esse, Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 8; cf.: Massilienses crebris eruptionibus fusi, id. B. C. 2, 22, 1: Latini ad Veserim fusi et fugati, Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112; Liv. 2, 6 fin.: quatuor exercitus Carthaginiensium fudi, fugavi, Hispania expuli, id. 28, 28, 9; cf. Drak. on 38, 53, 2; less freq. in a reversed order: alios arma sumentes fugant funduntque, Sall. J. 21, 2; Vell. 2, 46 fin.: omnibus hostium copiis fusis armisque exutis, Caes. B. G. 3, 6, 3: magnas copias hostium fudit, Cic. Mur. 9, 20: Sabinos equitatu fudit, id. Rep. 2, 20: Armeniorum copias, id. Arch. 9, 21: maximas copias parva manu, Sall. C. 7, 7.
II Trop.
   A Ingen., to pour out or forth, to spread out, extend, display: imago de corpore fusa, Lucr. 4, 53: animam moribundo corpore fudit, id. 3, 1033; cf. id. 3, 700: concidit ac multo vitam cum sanguine fudit, Verg. A. 2, 532: circuli (appellantur), quod mixta farina et caseo et aqua circuitum aequabiliter fundebant, poured out, spread out, Varr. L. L. 5, § 106: quem secutus Cicero hanc famam latius fudit, Quint. 11, 2, 14; cf. id. 10, 5, 11: cum vero causa ea inciderit, in qua vis eloquentiae possit expromi: tum se latius fundet orator, will display himself, Cic. Or. 36, 125: superstitio, fusa per gentes, id. Div. 2, 72 init.; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 84: neque se tanta in eo (Cicerone) fudisset ubertas, id. 12, 2, 23: fundet opes, Latiumque beabit divite lingua, riches of expression, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 121. —Mid.: quamquam negant, nec virtutes nec vitia crescere: tamen utrumque eorum fundi quodammodo et quasi dilatari putant, to be diffused, Cic. Fin. 3, 15, 48; cf.: modo virtus latius funditur, Sen. Ep. 74, 27; and: semper ex eo, quod maximas partes continet latissimeque funditur, tota res appellatur, id. 5, 30, 92: saepe in amplificanda re funditur numerose et volubiliter oratio, id. Or. 62, 210.—
   B In partic., of speech, to pour forth, utter: per quam (arteriam) vox principium a mente ducens percipitur et funditur, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149; cf.: e quibus elici vocem et fundi videmus, id. Tusc. 2, 24, 56: inanes sonos, id. ib. 5, 26, 73 (for which: inani voce sonare, id. Fin. 2, 15, 48): sonum, id. Ac. 2, 23, 74: verba poëtarum more (opp. ratione et arte distinguere), id. Fin. 4, 4, 10: versus hexametros aliosque variis modis atque numeris ex tempore, id. de Or. 3, 50, 194; cf.: grave plenumque carmen, id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64: tam bonos septenarios ad tibiam, id. ib. 1, 44, 107: physicorum oracula, id. N. D. 1, 26, 66: has ore loquelas, Verg. A. 5, 842: preces pectore ab imo, id. ib. 6, 55; so, preces, id. ib. 5, 234; Hor. Epod. 17, 53: mera mendacia, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 33: jam tu verba fundis hic, sapientia? you waste, Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 7: opprobria rustica, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 146: iras inanes, Val. Fl. 3, 697: vehemens et liquidus puroque simillimus amni Fundet opes, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 121: preces, App. M. 11, p. 258, 4; Tac. A. 14, 30; Aug. in Psa. 25, 10 al.—Hence, fūsus, a, um, P. a., spread out, extended, broad, large, copious, diffuse.
   A Lit.: (aër) tum fusus et extenuatus sublime fertur, tum autem concretus in nubes cogitur, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101: fusior alvus, i. e. more relaxed (opp. astrictior), Cels. 1, 3 med.: toga (opp. restricta), wide, full, Suet. Aug. 73: Gallorum fusa et candida corpora, full, plump, Liv. 38, 21, 9: campi in omnem partem, extended, Verg. A. 6, 440; cf.: non fusior ulli Terra fuit domino, a broader, larger kingdom, Luc. 4, 670.—
   B Trop., copious, diffuse; flowing, free: genus sermonis non liquidum, non fusum ac profluens, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159; cf.: constricta an latius fusa narratio, Quint. 2, 13, 5: materia abundantior atque ultra quam oporteat fusa, id. 2, 4, 7: ut illud, quod ad omnem honestatem pertinet, decorum, quam late fusum sit, appareat, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 98; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 5: (vox) in egressionibus fusa et securae claritatis (opp. contracta), unrestrained, free, id. 11, 3, 64: periodus, id. 9, 4, 128: fusiores liberioresque numeri, id. 130: lingua Graeca prolixior fusiorque quam nostra, Gell. 2, 26, 7: in locis ac descriptionibus fusi ac fluentes, Quint. 9, 4, 138: plenior Aeschines et magis fusus, id. 10, 1, 77: dulcis et candidus et fusus Herodotus (opp. densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides), id. 10, 1, 73.—Sup. seems not to occur.—Adv.: fūse. *
   1    (Acc. to A.) Spread out, extended: (manus) fusius paulo in diversum resolvitur, Quint. 11, 3, 97.—
   2    (Acc. to B.) Copiously, at length, diffusely: quae fuse olim disputabantur ac libere, ea nunc articulatim distincteque dicuntur, Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 36: multa dicere fuse lateque, id. Tusc. 4, 26, 57: fuse lateque dicendi facultas, id. Or. 32, 113: fuse et copiose augere et ornate aliquid (opp. brevia et acuta), id. Fin. 3, 7, 26.—Comp.: haec cum uberius disputantur et fusius (opp. brevius angustiusque concluduntur), Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20: fusius et ornatius rem exponere, Quint. 4, 2, 128.—Sup. seems not to occur.