sol

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

sōl: sōlis, m. Sanscr. svar, shine; cf. Gr. Σείριος, σείρ, σέλας, Ἑλένη; and Lat. serenus.
I Sing., the sun, as a heavenly body.
   A In gen.: tempora duorum generum sunt, unum annale, quod sol circuitu suo finit, Varr. R. R. 1, 27: solis cursus lunaeque meatus, Lucr. 5, 77: annum ad cursum solis accommodavit, Suet. Caes. 40: liquidi fons luminis aetherius sol, Lucr. 5, 282: quid potest esse sole majus? Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 82: illud dubium esse nulli potest quin arcus imago solis sit, Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 11.—
   B Esp.
   1    Sol oriens or solis ortus, the east, as a quarter of the heavens: spectant in septemtrionem et orientem solem, Caes. B. G. 1, 1; 5, 13; 7, 69; cf.: a sole exoriente supra Maeotis paludes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 5, 17, 49: si illud signum solis ortum conspiceret, id. Cat. 3, 8, 20: facem stellae ab ortu solis ad occidentem porrigi visam, Liv. 29, 14, 3: ab ortu solis flare venti, id. 25, 27, 6.—
   2    Sol occidens or solis occasus, the west: alterum (litus) vergit ad solem occidentem, Caes. B. G. 5, 13: laborant ut spectent sua triclinaria ad solem occidentem, Varr. R. R. 1, 13 fin.: spectat inter occasum solis et septemtriones, north-west, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: quae (pars insulae) est propius solis occasum, id. ib. 4, 28.—Cf. poet.: sub sole cadente, Manil. 4, 791.—In phrases, sol is often omitted by ellipsis: unde sol oritur oriens nuncupatur aut ortus; quo demergitur occidens vel occasus, Mel. 1, 1 init.; v. orior, ortus, occĭdo.—
   3    Sol oriens or sol (solis) ortus=sunrise; sol occidens or solis (sol) occasus = sunset: qui solem nec occidentem umquam viderint, nec orientem, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23: sole orto Gracchus copias educit, Liv. 24, 15, 1: prius orto Sole, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 113: certi solis lunaeque et ortus et occasus sunt, Liv. 44, 37, 7: numquam ab orto sole ad occidentem ... a curiā abscessit, id. 27, 50, 4: ut, equis insidentes, solis ortu cursum in quemdam locum dirigerent, Val. Max. 7, 3, 2 ext.: solis occasu, Caes. B. G. 1, 50; Liv. 24, 17, 7: ad (sub) solis occasum, towards sunset, Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 2, 11: in occasum declivi sole, Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 203.—Poet.: surgente a sole, Hor. S. 1, 4, 29.—For sol occasus, v. occidere, and Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 87 (ante solem occasum); id. ib. 5, 7, 35 (ad solem occasum); cf.: ab exortu ad occasum perstare contuentis solem, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 22.—
   4    To designate a clime, country, etc., as eastern or southern (post-Aug.): ille Liberi currus triumphantem usque ad Thebas a solis ortu vehat, Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 4: terminos civitatis nostrae cum sole metimur, id. Ot. Sap. 4 (31), 1. it tamen ultra oceanum solemque, id. Ep. 94, 63: sub alio sole, in another clime, Manil. 4, 171; cf.: ut sua orientis occidentisque terminis finiat (sc. solis), Sen. Ep. 92, 32.—
   5    Trop., of a great good or a great man: sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3: solem e mundo tollere videntur qui, etc., id. Lael. 13, 47: P. Africanus, sol alter (with sole geminato), id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; cf. Hor. S. 1, 7, 24: neque mundum posse duobus solibus regi, neque orbem, etc., Just. 11, 12.—
   6    Prov.: et sceleratis sol oritur, Sen. Ben. 4, 26, 1; cf.: qui solem suum oriri facit super bonos et malos, Vulg. Matt. 5, 45: nondum omnium dierum sol occidit (Germ. Es ist noch nicht aller Tage Abend) = there are more days yet to come, sc. when the tables may be turned, Liv. 39, 26, 9.—
   C The poets reckon time in many ways by the movement, etc., of the sun: bis me sol adiit gelidae post frigora brumae, two years, Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 1: donec sol annuus omnes conficeret metas, within a year, Stat. Achill. 1, 455; cf. Nemes. Cyn. 122: octavo lumine solis, on the eighth day, Lucr. 6, 1195: sol septimus, Juv. 15, 44: cum sol Herculei terga leonis adit, in midsummer, Ov. A. A. 1, 68: O sol Pulcher, O laudande (= dies; sc. Augusti reditus), Hor. C. 4, 2, 46; cf. id. S. 1, 9, 72: supremo sole, at noon, id. Ep. 1, 5, 3: sub medium solem, Manil. 4, 651; cf. id. 4, 593: sol abit, it is growing late, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 32; cf.: a primo ad ultimum solem, all day long, Amm. 14, 6, 10.—
   D Transf., the sun, sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun: ager soli ostentus, exposed to the sun, Cato, R. R. 6: sarmenta imponito quae frigus defendant et solem, id. ib. 48 (49): uvas ponite in sole biduum, id. ib. 112 (113): sol semper hic est a mani ad vesperum, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 80: quin exta inspicere in sole etiam vivo licet, id. Aul. 3, 6, 29: nec res posse in sole videri, ni, etc., Lucr. 5, 292: nunc quidem paululum a sole, out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92: cum in sole ambulem, id. de Or. 2, 14, 60: apricatio in illo Lucretino tuo sole, id. Att. 7, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 6, 1: iter in calescente sole factum erat, Liv. 44, 36 init.: torrente meridiano sole, id. 44, 38: ex vehementi sole, id. 28, 15, 11: urente assiduo sole, id. 44, 33 fin.: ut veniens dextrum latus aspiciat sol, light of the morning sun, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 6: reformidant insuetum lumina solem, Ov. P. 3, 4, 49; cf.: nam et solem lumina aegra formidant, Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 6: adversi solis ab ictu, sunstroke, Ov. M. 3, 183: altera (spelunca) solem non recipit, Sen. Ep. 55, 6: sole correptis, Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 119: pisces, quos sole torreant, id. 7, 2, 2, § 30: siccatur in sole, id. 19, 1, 3, § 16: in agmine (Caesar) anteibat capite detecto, seu sol seu imber esset, Suet. Caes. 57: patiens pulveris atque solis, Hor. C. 1, 8, 4.— And trop.: in solem ac pulverem procedere, or producere, into heat and dust, i. e. into practical life (opp. umbra eruditorum), Cic. Brut. 9, 37; id. Leg. 3, 6, 14.—In a similar sense: cedat stilus gladio, umbra soli, Cic. Mur. 14, 30.—Prov.: clarior quam solis radii, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2: sole ipso est clarius, Arn. 1, n. 47; cf. the class. luce clarius, and: cum id solis luce videatur clarius, Cic. Div. 1, 3, 6.
II Plur.
   A Suns, images of the sun (class.): neque pauci neque leves sunt qui se duo soles vidisse dicant, Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15: Albae duos soles visos ferebant, Liv. 28, 11, 3: et rursus plures soles simul cernuntur, Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99: quid eas vocem? imagines solis? Historici soles vocant, et binos ternosque adparuisse memoriae tradunt, Sen. Q. N. 1, 11, 2.—
   B Poet. = days (v. I. C.): nec tamen illis solibus ulla comparebat avis, Lucr. 6, 1219: saepe ego longos Cantando puerum memini me condere soles, to spend the long summer days in singing, Verg. E. 9, 52: tres soles ... Erramus, id. A. 3, 203; cf. Sil. 3, 554: Bajani soles, the sunny days of Bajœ, Mart. 6, 43, 5: O soles! id. 10, 51, 6: soles fulsere quondam tibi candidi, Cat. 8, 3, 8: soles occidere et redire possunt, id. 5, 4: longis solibus, Stat. Th. 5, 460: solibus arctis, short winter days, id. S. 1, 3, 88.—So, to describe certain seasons: solibus hibernis ... gratior, than the sun in winter, Ov. M. 13, 793: si numeres anno soles et nubila toto, the sunny and cloudy days, id. Tr. 5, 8, 31.—
   C Light or heat of the sun (poet. and in postAug. prose; cf. D. supra): pars terrai perusta solibus assiduis, Lucr. 5, 253; cf. Ov. H. 5, 112: pluviis et solibus icta, Lucr. 6, 1101: quae carent ventis et solibus, i. e. are buried, Hor. Epod. 16, 13; 2, 41: et soles melius nitent, id. C. 4, 5, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 10, 17: ex imbri soles Prospicere ... poteris, Verg. G. 1, 393: inque novos soles audent se gramina tuto Credere, id. ib. 2, 332; similarly, Ov. F. 4, 404; Stat. Th. 1, 363; 4, 421; 4, 831: tum blandi soles, Ov. F. 1, 157: frigore soles juvant, id. R. Am. 405; so Mart. 10, 42: Romulus et frater ... Solibus et campo corpora nuda dabant, Ov. F. 2, 366: aequora semper solibus orba tument, id. P. 1, 3, 54: solibus rupta glacies, Juv. 4, 43: geminā pereunt caligine soles, Stat. Th. 5, 154: aestivos quo decipis aere soles? id. S. 4, 4, 19: tacent exhausti solibus amnes, id. Th. 3, 2, 59; 4, 56; Mart. 10, 12, 7; 8, 14, 4; 14, 28; Ov. M. 1, 435: cura soles assiduo quaerendi, Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16: perpeti soles, id. 36, 22, 45, § 162: evitatis solibus, id. 28, 12, 50, § 186: (sal) siccatur aestivis solibus, id. 31, 7, 39, § 73: merguntur in aquam solibus tepefactam, id. 19, 1, 3, § 17: nec campi minus soles accipiunt, id. 17, 4, 3, § 29: sarculatio novos soles admittit, id. 18, 21, 50, § 184; cf. id. 12, 5, 11, § 23; 12, 7, 14, § 26: aurea pellebant tepidos umbracula soles, Ov. F. 2, 311: dum patula defendimus arbore soles, Stat. S. 3, 1, 70.—Very rarely of the sun's revolution, without reference to light or heat: quae via soles praecipitet, Stat. Th. 6, 362.—In class. prose sometimes solis ardores, with the force of the poet. soles: et nimios solis defendit ardores, Cic. Sen. 15, 53; cf.: propter nimios solis ardores, Sen. Ep. 90, 17.
III Sol, the Sun-god.
   A Lit.
   a The ancient Italian deity Sol, represented as driving the four-horse sun-chariot from east to west; later identified with the Greek Helios, and hence often called Titan or Phœbus by the poets: signi dic quid est? Cum quadrigis Sol exoriens, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269: Sol ... aeternam suscepit lampada mundi, Lucr. 5, 402: rapax vis Solis equorum, id. 5, 402: quod magni filia Solis eram, Ov. R. Am. 276; id. M. 14, 346: Solis currus, id. P. 4, 6, 48: secundum (invocabis) Solem et Lunam, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9: Sol Phaëthonti filio facturum se esse dixit quidquid optasset, id. Off. 3, 25, 94: Quid? illum filium Solis nonne patris ipsius luce indignum putas? id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26: qui Solem aurigando aequiperare existimaretur, Suet. Ner. 53: Solis colossus Rhodi, Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 41; 34, 8, 19, § 63.—Comic.: credo edepol equidem dormire Solem atque adpotum probe, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 129.—
   b The Phœnician sun-god Heliogabalus (Elagabal), whose worship was introduced by the later emperors (Aurelianus, Heliogabalus): ad templum Heliogabali tetendit ... et Romae Soli templum posuit, Vop. Aur. 25; cf. id. ib. 4; 14; 35; 39; Lampr. Heliog. 1; 3; afterwards called Sol Invictus, whose birthday, acc. to the Calendar. Const., was celebrated December 25th; cf. Julian. Or. 4, p. 156.—
   c Of the sun-worship of other nations: (Germani) deorum numero ducunt Solem et Vulcanum et Lunam, Caes. B. G. 6, 21; cf.: rex regum, frater Solis et Lunae, of the king of Persia, Amm. 17, 5, 3.—
   B The sun-god as emblem of omniscience: non potuit reperire, si ipsi Soli quaerundas dares, lepidiores ad hanc rem quam ego dabo, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206: meliorem neque tu reperis, neque Sol videt, id. Stich. 1, 2, 53: at vigiles mundi ... Sol et Luna, Lucr. 5, 1435: si hoc uno quicquam Sol vidisset iniquius, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28: O Solem ipsum beatissimum, qui antequam se abderet fugientem vidit Antonium, id. Phil. 14, 10, 27: Solem consule, qui late facta diurna videt, Ov. F. 4, 582: quis Solem fallere possit? id. A. A. 2, 573; cf. Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 21; Sen. Herc. Fur. 595.—Hence represented as betrayer of conspiracies: propiusque honos Boli, qui occulta conjurationis retexisset, Tac. A. 15, 74; to him was commended the detection of murderers, in inscriptions over the slain: SOL, TIBI COMMENDO QVI MANVS INTVLIT EI, Inscr. Orell. 4791: SOL, TV INDICES EIVS MORTEM, ib. 4792.—
   C Poet., to describe the times of the day: solverat flagrantes Sol pronus equos, = it was night, Stat. Th. 3, 408: Sol operum medius summo librabat Olympo Lucentes, ceu staret, equos, = it was mid-day, id. ib. 5, 85.
In gen., solis as an appellation.
   A DIES SOLIS, Sunday (late Lat.), Inscr. Orell. 508.—
   B Solis gemma, a precious stone, Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—
   C Solis insula, off the coast of Gedrosia, Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 86; 6, 23, 26, § 97.—
   D Solis fons, in Marmorica, Curt. 4, 7, 22; Mela, 1, 8, 1; Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 31.—
   E Solis promunturium, in Africa, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 9.—
   F Solis oppidum, a town in Ægina, Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 61.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) sōl,⁷ sōlis, m.,
1 soleil : in sole ambulare Cic. de Or. 2, 60, se promener au soleil ; sol oriens, occidens, soleil levant, couchant, v. orior, occido || [poét.] jour, journée : Virg. En. 3, 203 ; etc.
2 [fig.] a) la lumière du soleil, le plein jour, la vie publique : Cic. Br. 37 ; Leg. 3, 14 ; Mur. 30 ; b) = grand homme (un astre) : Cic. Nat. 2, 14 ; Hor. S. 1, 7, 24.