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|lshtext=<b>grātĭa</b>: ae, f. [[gratus]]; lit., [[favor]], [[both]] [[that]] in [[which]] one stands [[with]] others and [[that]] [[which]] one shows to others.<br /><b>I</b> (Acc. to [[gratus]], I.) Favor [[which]] one finds [[with]] others, [[esteem]], [[regard]], [[liking]], [[love]], [[friendship]] (syn. [[favor]]): pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt [[pars]] hominum [[quam]] id [[quod]] prosint pluribus, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12: [[perspicio]] [[nihili]] meam vos facere gratiam, id. Curc. 1, 2, 68: ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in [[praefectura]] florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae, Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.: Sex. [[Roscius]] [[gratia]] [[atque]] hospitiis [[florens]] hominum nobilissimorum, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: [[deinde]] si [[maxime]] [[talis]] est [[deus]], ut nulla [[gratia]], nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc., id. N. D. 1, 44, 124: [[neque]] quo Cn. [[Pompeii]] gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.: aliquem restituere in gratiam, id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23: aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam, id. Att. 1, 3, 3: in gratiam reducere, id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf. also: cum [[aliquo]] in gratiam redire, to [[reconcile]] one's [[self]] [[with]] one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.: alicujus gratiam sequi, Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.: si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos, id. B. G. 4, 7, 4: ab [[aliquo]] inire gratiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113: a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam, id. Att. 7, 9, 3: magnam inire gratiam, id. Fin. 4, 12, 31: quantam eo [[facto]] ad plebem inierat gratiam, Liv. 33, 46, 7: [[apud]] regem gratiam initam volebant, id. 36, 5, 3: at te [[apud]] eum, dii boni, quanta in [[gratia]] posui! Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.; [[with]] a [[different]] [[construction]]: [[apud]] Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in [[gratia]]), Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3: cum [[aliquo]] in laude et in [[gratia]] esse, id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2: [[inter]] vos sic haec [[potius]] cum bona Ut componantur [[gratia]] [[quam]] cum [[mala]], Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.: [[plerique]] (in divortio) cum bona [[gratia]] discedunt, Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10; [[without]] bona: cum [[istuc]] [[quod]] [[postulo]] [[impetro]] cum [[gratia]], [[with]] a [[good]] [[grace]], Ter. And. 2, 5, 11: omnia quae potui in hac [[summa]] tua [[gratia]] ac [[potentia]] a te impetrare, [[credit]], [[influence]], Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.: [[Iccius]] [[Remus]], [[summa]] nobilitate et [[gratia]] [[inter]] suos, Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8: gratiā plurimum posse, id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.: [[quantum]] [[gratia]], auctoritate, [[pecunia]] valent, id. ib. 7, 63, 1: gratiā valere, id. B. C. 2, 44, 1: inproba [[quamvis]] Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit [[urna]], Juv. 13, 4: quem triumphum [[magis]] gratiae [[quam]] rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat, Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.: L. Murenae [[provincia]] multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit, tokens of [[favor]], Cic. Mur. 20, 42: cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat, id. ib. 11, 24: non hominum potentium [[studio]], non excellentibus [[gratiis]] paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem [[factum]], id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., objectively, [[like]] the Gr. [[χάρις]], agreeableness, [[pleasantness]], [[charm]], [[beauty]], [[loveliness]], [[grace]] ([[only]] [[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]; esp. freq. in Quint.): [[gratia]] formae, Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3: corporis, id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260: [[quid]] [[ille]] gratiae in vultu ostenderit, Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26: unica nec desit jocundis [[gratia]] verbis, [[charm]], Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: [[neque]] abest facundis [[gratia]] dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127: [[plenus]] est jucunditatis et gratiae ([[Horatius]]), Quint. 10, 1, 96: sermonis Attici, id. ib. 65; 12, 10, 35: dicendi, id. 9, 3, 74: brevitatis novitatisque, id. ib. 58: [[omnis]] [[bene]] scriptorum, id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.: uvis et vinis gratiam affert [[fumus]] [[fabrilis]], Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,<br /> <b>2</b> As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Χάριτες, the goddesses of [[favor]], [[loveliness]], [[grace]], etc., the [[three]] Graces, [[Aglaia]], [[Euphrosyne]], and [[Thalia]], daughters of Jupiter and [[Eurynome]], Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, [[collect]]., Ov. M. 6, 429.<br /><b>II</b> Favor [[which]] one shows to [[another]], [[mark]] of [[favor]], [[kindness]], [[courtesy]], [[service]], [[obligation]].<br /> <b>A</b> In gen. ([[rare]]): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est [[gratia]], Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.): [[ergo]] ab eo petito gratiam istam, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.: gratiam a patre si petimus, [[spero]] ab eo impetrassere, id. Stich. 1, 2, 23: petivit in beneficii [[loco]] et gratiae, ut, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.: [[quod]] beneficii gratiaeque [[causa]] concessit, id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.: hanc gratiam ut sibi des, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30: juris jurandi [[volo]] gratiam facias, [[excuse]], [[release]], Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.: alicui delicti gratiam facere, to [[grant]] [[pardon]], [[forgive]], Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.: qui mihi [[atque]] [[animo]] meo nullius [[umquam]] delicti gratiam fecissem, id. Cat. 52, 8; cf. also: quibus [[senatus]] belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat, id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.: alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis, to [[please]], for the [[sake]] of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.: deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam [[Saguntum]] deleverat [[Hannibal]], id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.: in gratiam alicujus, id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf. also: [[data]] [[visceratio]] in praeteritam judicii gratiam, for the [[favor]] shown him on the [[trial]], Liv. 8, 22, 4: nil ibi majorum [[respectus]], [[gratia]] nulla umbrarum, Juv. 8, 64.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., a [[mark]] of [[favor]] shown for a [[service]] rendered, [[thanks]] (by [[word]] or [[deed]]), [[thankfulness]], [[gratitude]]; [[acknowledgment]], [[return]], [[requital]] (the form [[with]] agere of [[returning]] [[thanks]] is the plur., [[but]] [[with]] habere, referre, debere, [[nearly]] [[always]] in sing.; [[but]] [[when]] [[thanks]] are [[due]] to or rendered by [[more]] [[than]] one [[person]], the form gratias referre, etc., [[may]] be used;<br /> v. [[infra]]., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505): quae ([[gratia]]) in [[memoria]] et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.: [[gratia]] est, in [[qua]] amicitiarum et officiorum alterius [[memoria]] et remunerandi [[voluntas]] continetur, id. ib. 2, 53, 161: immortales [[ago]] [[tibi]] gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non [[possum]], id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.: renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam [[nunc]] non posse, [[quam]] ut suadeam, ne, etc., Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. [[ago]]): dīs gratias agere ... si referre studeant gratias, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.: L. [[Lucceius]] [[meus]], [[homo]] omnium gratissimus, mirificas [[tibi]] [[apud]] me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc., Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1: eique amplissimis verbis per [[senatus]] [[consultum]] gratias egimus, id. Phil. 1, 1, 3: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias [[diligenter]], id. Fam. 1, 10: justissimas gratias agere, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: [[quamquam]] gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc., id. Fam. 10, 19, 1: [[nunc]] [[tecum]] sic agam, tulisse ut [[potius]] injuriam, [[quam]] retulisse gratiam videar, to [[have]] made a [[return]], [[requital]], [[recompense]], id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.: magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt, id. Fam. 13, 4, 1: praeclaram [[vero]] [[populo]] Romano refers gratiam, id. Cat. 1, 11, 28: ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur, id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25: me omnibus, si [[minus]] referenda [[gratia]] satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda [[certe]] [[satis]] esse facturum, if I cannot [[requite]] ... I can [[extol]], id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: [[nimirum]] [[inops]] [[ille]], si [[bonus]] est vir, [[etiam]] si referre gratiam non potest, habere [[certe]] potest. Commode [[autem]] [[quicumque]] dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam [[autem]] et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1: gratias habere, Liv. 24, 37, 7: alicui [[summas]] gratias habere, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33: alicui maximas infinitasque agere [[atque]] habere gratias, [[quod]], etc., Vitr. 6 praef. 4: [[merito]] vestro maximas [[vobis]] gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus, Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25: meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere, id. Planc. 33, 80: pro beneficio gratiam repetere, Liv. 1, 47, 7: gratias ob hoc agere, [[quod]], etc., Liv. 54, 50, 4; so [[with]] ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9: pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere, Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, [[Pan]]. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5: dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis [[gratia]] caelitibus, Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.: hoc [[certe]] justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut [[certe]] malam gratiam, Sen. Ep. 81 med.; [[rarely]]: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet), to [[accept]] as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1: unum vis curem: [[curo]]. Et est dīs [[gratia]], Cum ita, ut [[volo]], est, I [[thank]], Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus [[intro]], ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam [[gratia]] est, no, I'm [[much]] obliged to [[you]] (the [[negative]] [[being]] omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur; discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs [[gratia]], Et [[unde]] haec fiant, et [[adhuc]] non molesta sunt, [[thank]] Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and [[post]]-Aug.): dīs gratias agebat, [[tempus]] sibi dari, etc., Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:<br /> <b>A</b> grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in [[favor]] of, on [[account]] of, for the [[sake]] of; [[hence]], in gen., on [[account]] of ([[usually]] placed [[after]] the gen., in Quint. a [[few]] times [[before]] it; cf.: [[causa]], [[ergo]]).<br /> <b>(a)</b> With gen.: sed [[neque]] longioribus [[quam]] [[oportet]] hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus [[gratia]] fecerimus, [[propter]] eam fecisse videamur, [[lest]] [[what]] we [[have]] done to [[embellish]] the [[style]] we should [[seem]] to [[have]] done [[merely]] on [[account]] of the [[construction]] we had [[chosen]], Quint. 9, 4, 144: [[tantum]] abest, ut haec bestiarum [[etiam]] [[causa]] parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum [[gratia]] generatas esse videamus, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris [[magis]] [[quam]] honoris servavisti [[gratia]], Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.: honoris [[gratia]] [[nomino]], Cic. Quint. 7, 28: nuptiarum [[gratia]] haec sunt ficta [[atque]] incepta omnia, Ter. And. 5, 1, 17: simulabat [[sese]] negotii [[gratia]] properare, Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse [[constat]]; non praedae [[gratia]]: [[quia]] [[inspoliatus]] est, Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.: hereditatis [[gratia]], id. 5, 12, 5: quem censores senatu probri [[gratia]] moverant, Sall. C. 23, 1: [[profectus]] [[gratia]] dicere, Quint. 2, 10, 9: brevitatis [[gratia]], id. 4, 2, 43: [[decoris]] [[gratia]], id. 8, 6, 65: difficultatis [[gratia]], id. 9, 2, 77: aut invidiae [[gratia]] ... aut miserationis, id. 9, 2, 8: praesentis [[gratia]] litis, id. 2, 7, 4 al.—With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum [[gratia]], Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum [[causa]], aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum [[gratia]], Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2: tentandi [[gratia]], Sall. J. 47, 2: hiemandi [[gratia]], id. ib. 61, 3: colloquendi [[gratia]], id. ib. 61, 4: placandi [[gratia]], id. ib. 71, 5: simulandi [[gratia]], id. ib. 37, 4: sui exposcendi [[gratia]], Nep. Hann. 7, 6: amplificandi [[gratia]] ... vel miserandi, Quint. 9, 3, 28: elevandae invidiae [[gratia]], id. 5, 13, 40: recuperandae dignitatis [[gratia]], id. 11, 1, 79: vitandae similitudinis [[gratia]], id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli [[gratia]], vir [[bonus]] [[Alexandria]] Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for [[example]], for [[instance]] (for the [[usual]] exempli [[causa]]; so, verbi [[gratia]], for verbi [[causa]], [[infra]]), Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so, exempli [[gratia]], Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110; for [[which]] in [[full]]: pauca [[tamen]] exempli [[gratia]] ponam, Quint. 6, 5, 6: eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli [[gratia]], Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213: [[propter]] aliam quampiam rem, verbi [[gratia]] [[propter]] voluptatem, for [[instance]], Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed [[before]] the gen.: gratiā [[decoris]], Quint. 8 praef. § 18: compositionis, id. 9, 4, 58: lenitatis, id. 9, 4, 144: significationis, id. 8, 6, 2.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> With pron. ([[mostly]] [[ante]]-[[class]].): meā gratiā, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3: qui [[nihil]] ocius venit [[tamen]] hac [[gratia]], id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.: abire [[istac]] [[gratia]], id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: ([[Medea]]) per agros [[passim]] dispergit [[corpus]]: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so, eā gratiā, Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11: sed huc [[qua]] [[gratia]] te arcessi jussi, ausculta, id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79: id ea [[gratia]] eveniebat, [[quod]] [[nemo]] ex [[fuga]] regem sequitur, Sall. J. 54, 4: id ea [[gratia]] facilius fuit, [[quod]], etc., id. ib. 80, 4.—<br /> <b>B</b> grā-tĭīs ([[always]] as a trisyll. in [[ante]]-[[class]]. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. [[Charis]]. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs ([[since]] the [[class]]. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., [[out]] of [[favor]] or [[kindness]]; [[hence]], pregn., [[without]] [[recompense]] or [[reward]], for [[nothing]], [[gratuitously]], [[gratis]], [[προῖκα]] (cf.: [[gratuito]], nequidquam, [[frustra]]): quae ([[psaltria]]) [[quantum]] potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non [[pretio]], at [[gratiis]], Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46: si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc [[tibi]] noctem honoris [[causa]] [[gratiis]] [[dono]] dabo, id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.: [[quam]] introduxistis fidicinam, [[atque]] [[etiam]] [[fides]], Ei quae accessere, [[tibi]] addam [[dono]] [[gratiis]], [[into]] the [[bargain]], to [[boot]], id. Ep. 3, 4, 38: quae Romae magna cum [[infamia]] [[pretio]] [[accepto]] edixeras, ea sola te, ne [[gratis]] in [[provincia]] [[male]] audires, ex [[edicto]] Siciliensi sustulisse [[video]], Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118: hic [[primum]] [[questus]] est non [[leviter]] Saturius, communem [[factum]] esse [[gratis]] cum Roscio, qui [[pretio]] [[proprius]] fuisset Fanni, id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27: [[gratis]] [[dare]] alicui (opp. [[pretium]] accipere ab [[aliquo]]), Mart. 14, 175, 2: id me scis [[antea]] [[gratis]] [[tibi]] esse [[pollicitum]]. Quid [[nunc]] putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita? Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7: [[gratis]] rei publicae servire, id. Clu. 26, 71: [[tantum]] [[gratis]] [[pagina]] nostra placet, Mart. 5, 16, 10: virtutes omnes per se ipsas [[gratis]] diligere, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for [[payment]]: is [[repente]], ut Romam venit, [[gratis]] [[praetor]] [[factus]] est. Alia [[porro]] [[pecunia]] ne accusaretur [[data]], Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, § 48: habitent [[gratis]] in [[alieno]]? id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so, habitare in aedibus alienis, Dig. 39, 5, 9: habitationem cui [[dare]], [[free]] of [[cost]], ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11. | |lshtext=<b>grātĭa</b>: ae, f. [[gratus]]; lit., [[favor]], [[both]] [[that]] in [[which]] one stands [[with]] others and [[that]] [[which]] one shows to others.<br /><b>I</b> (Acc. to [[gratus]], I.) Favor [[which]] one finds [[with]] others, [[esteem]], [[regard]], [[liking]], [[love]], [[friendship]] (syn. [[favor]]): pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt [[pars]] hominum [[quam]] id [[quod]] prosint pluribus, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12: [[perspicio]] [[nihili]] meam vos facere gratiam, id. Curc. 1, 2, 68: ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in [[praefectura]] florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae, Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.: Sex. [[Roscius]] [[gratia]] [[atque]] hospitiis [[florens]] hominum nobilissimorum, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: [[deinde]] si [[maxime]] [[talis]] est [[deus]], ut nulla [[gratia]], nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc., id. N. D. 1, 44, 124: [[neque]] quo Cn. [[Pompeii]] gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.: aliquem restituere in gratiam, id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23: aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam, id. Att. 1, 3, 3: in gratiam reducere, id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf. also: cum [[aliquo]] in gratiam redire, to [[reconcile]] one's [[self]] [[with]] one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.: alicujus gratiam sequi, Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.: si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos, id. B. G. 4, 7, 4: ab [[aliquo]] inire gratiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113: a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam, id. Att. 7, 9, 3: magnam inire gratiam, id. Fin. 4, 12, 31: quantam eo [[facto]] ad plebem inierat gratiam, Liv. 33, 46, 7: [[apud]] regem gratiam initam volebant, id. 36, 5, 3: at te [[apud]] eum, dii boni, quanta in [[gratia]] posui! Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.; [[with]] a [[different]] [[construction]]: [[apud]] Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in [[gratia]]), Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3: cum [[aliquo]] in laude et in [[gratia]] esse, id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2: [[inter]] vos sic haec [[potius]] cum bona Ut componantur [[gratia]] [[quam]] cum [[mala]], Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.: [[plerique]] (in divortio) cum bona [[gratia]] discedunt, Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10; [[without]] bona: cum [[istuc]] [[quod]] [[postulo]] [[impetro]] cum [[gratia]], [[with]] a [[good]] [[grace]], Ter. And. 2, 5, 11: omnia quae potui in hac [[summa]] tua [[gratia]] ac [[potentia]] a te impetrare, [[credit]], [[influence]], Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.: [[Iccius]] [[Remus]], [[summa]] nobilitate et [[gratia]] [[inter]] suos, Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8: gratiā plurimum posse, id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.: [[quantum]] [[gratia]], auctoritate, [[pecunia]] valent, id. ib. 7, 63, 1: gratiā valere, id. B. C. 2, 44, 1: inproba [[quamvis]] Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit [[urna]], Juv. 13, 4: quem triumphum [[magis]] gratiae [[quam]] rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat, Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.: L. Murenae [[provincia]] multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit, tokens of [[favor]], Cic. Mur. 20, 42: cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat, id. ib. 11, 24: non hominum potentium [[studio]], non excellentibus [[gratiis]] paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem [[factum]], id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., objectively, [[like]] the Gr. [[χάρις]], agreeableness, [[pleasantness]], [[charm]], [[beauty]], [[loveliness]], [[grace]] ([[only]] [[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]; esp. freq. in Quint.): [[gratia]] formae, Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3: corporis, id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260: [[quid]] [[ille]] gratiae in vultu ostenderit, Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26: unica nec desit jocundis [[gratia]] verbis, [[charm]], Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: [[neque]] abest facundis [[gratia]] dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127: [[plenus]] est jucunditatis et gratiae ([[Horatius]]), Quint. 10, 1, 96: sermonis Attici, id. ib. 65; 12, 10, 35: dicendi, id. 9, 3, 74: brevitatis novitatisque, id. ib. 58: [[omnis]] [[bene]] scriptorum, id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.: uvis et vinis gratiam affert [[fumus]] [[fabrilis]], Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,<br /> <b>2</b> As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Χάριτες, the goddesses of [[favor]], [[loveliness]], [[grace]], etc., the [[three]] Graces, [[Aglaia]], [[Euphrosyne]], and [[Thalia]], daughters of Jupiter and [[Eurynome]], Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, [[collect]]., Ov. M. 6, 429.<br /><b>II</b> Favor [[which]] one shows to [[another]], [[mark]] of [[favor]], [[kindness]], [[courtesy]], [[service]], [[obligation]].<br /> <b>A</b> In gen. ([[rare]]): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est [[gratia]], Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.): [[ergo]] ab eo petito gratiam istam, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.: gratiam a patre si petimus, [[spero]] ab eo impetrassere, id. Stich. 1, 2, 23: petivit in beneficii [[loco]] et gratiae, ut, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.: [[quod]] beneficii gratiaeque [[causa]] concessit, id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.: hanc gratiam ut sibi des, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30: juris jurandi [[volo]] gratiam facias, [[excuse]], [[release]], Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.: alicui delicti gratiam facere, to [[grant]] [[pardon]], [[forgive]], Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.: qui mihi [[atque]] [[animo]] meo nullius [[umquam]] delicti gratiam fecissem, id. Cat. 52, 8; cf. also: quibus [[senatus]] belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat, id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.: alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis, to [[please]], for the [[sake]] of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.: deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam [[Saguntum]] deleverat [[Hannibal]], id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.: in gratiam alicujus, id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf. also: [[data]] [[visceratio]] in praeteritam judicii gratiam, for the [[favor]] shown him on the [[trial]], Liv. 8, 22, 4: nil ibi majorum [[respectus]], [[gratia]] nulla umbrarum, Juv. 8, 64.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., a [[mark]] of [[favor]] shown for a [[service]] rendered, [[thanks]] (by [[word]] or [[deed]]), [[thankfulness]], [[gratitude]]; [[acknowledgment]], [[return]], [[requital]] (the form [[with]] agere of [[returning]] [[thanks]] is the plur., [[but]] [[with]] habere, referre, debere, [[nearly]] [[always]] in sing.; [[but]] [[when]] [[thanks]] are [[due]] to or rendered by [[more]] [[than]] one [[person]], the form gratias referre, etc., [[may]] be used;<br /> v. [[infra]]., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505): quae ([[gratia]]) in [[memoria]] et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.: [[gratia]] est, in [[qua]] amicitiarum et officiorum alterius [[memoria]] et remunerandi [[voluntas]] continetur, id. ib. 2, 53, 161: immortales [[ago]] [[tibi]] gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non [[possum]], id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.: renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam [[nunc]] non posse, [[quam]] ut suadeam, ne, etc., Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. [[ago]]): dīs gratias agere ... si referre studeant gratias, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.: L. [[Lucceius]] [[meus]], [[homo]] omnium gratissimus, mirificas [[tibi]] [[apud]] me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc., Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1: eique amplissimis verbis per [[senatus]] [[consultum]] gratias egimus, id. Phil. 1, 1, 3: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias [[diligenter]], id. Fam. 1, 10: justissimas gratias agere, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: [[quamquam]] gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc., id. Fam. 10, 19, 1: [[nunc]] [[tecum]] sic agam, tulisse ut [[potius]] injuriam, [[quam]] retulisse gratiam videar, to [[have]] made a [[return]], [[requital]], [[recompense]], id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.: magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt, id. Fam. 13, 4, 1: praeclaram [[vero]] [[populo]] Romano refers gratiam, id. Cat. 1, 11, 28: ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur, id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25: me omnibus, si [[minus]] referenda [[gratia]] satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda [[certe]] [[satis]] esse facturum, if I cannot [[requite]] ... I can [[extol]], id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: [[nimirum]] [[inops]] [[ille]], si [[bonus]] est vir, [[etiam]] si referre gratiam non potest, habere [[certe]] potest. Commode [[autem]] [[quicumque]] dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam [[autem]] et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1: gratias habere, Liv. 24, 37, 7: alicui [[summas]] gratias habere, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33: alicui maximas infinitasque agere [[atque]] habere gratias, [[quod]], etc., Vitr. 6 praef. 4: [[merito]] vestro maximas [[vobis]] gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus, Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25: meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere, id. Planc. 33, 80: pro beneficio gratiam repetere, Liv. 1, 47, 7: gratias ob hoc agere, [[quod]], etc., Liv. 54, 50, 4; so [[with]] ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9: pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere, Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, [[Pan]]. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5: dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis [[gratia]] caelitibus, Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.: hoc [[certe]] justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut [[certe]] malam gratiam, Sen. Ep. 81 med.; [[rarely]]: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet), to [[accept]] as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1: unum vis curem: [[curo]]. Et est dīs [[gratia]], Cum ita, ut [[volo]], est, I [[thank]], Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus [[intro]], ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam [[gratia]] est, no, I'm [[much]] obliged to [[you]] (the [[negative]] [[being]] omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur; discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs [[gratia]], Et [[unde]] haec fiant, et [[adhuc]] non molesta sunt, [[thank]] Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and [[post]]-Aug.): dīs gratias agebat, [[tempus]] sibi dari, etc., Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:<br /> <b>A</b> grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in [[favor]] of, on [[account]] of, for the [[sake]] of; [[hence]], in gen., on [[account]] of ([[usually]] placed [[after]] the gen., in Quint. a [[few]] times [[before]] it; cf.: [[causa]], [[ergo]]).<br /> <b>(a)</b> With gen.: sed [[neque]] longioribus [[quam]] [[oportet]] hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus [[gratia]] fecerimus, [[propter]] eam fecisse videamur, [[lest]] [[what]] we [[have]] done to [[embellish]] the [[style]] we should [[seem]] to [[have]] done [[merely]] on [[account]] of the [[construction]] we had [[chosen]], Quint. 9, 4, 144: [[tantum]] abest, ut haec bestiarum [[etiam]] [[causa]] parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum [[gratia]] generatas esse videamus, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris [[magis]] [[quam]] honoris servavisti [[gratia]], Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.: honoris [[gratia]] [[nomino]], Cic. Quint. 7, 28: nuptiarum [[gratia]] haec sunt ficta [[atque]] incepta omnia, Ter. And. 5, 1, 17: simulabat [[sese]] negotii [[gratia]] properare, Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse [[constat]]; non praedae [[gratia]]: [[quia]] [[inspoliatus]] est, Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.: hereditatis [[gratia]], id. 5, 12, 5: quem censores senatu probri [[gratia]] moverant, Sall. C. 23, 1: [[profectus]] [[gratia]] dicere, Quint. 2, 10, 9: brevitatis [[gratia]], id. 4, 2, 43: [[decoris]] [[gratia]], id. 8, 6, 65: difficultatis [[gratia]], id. 9, 2, 77: aut invidiae [[gratia]] ... aut miserationis, id. 9, 2, 8: praesentis [[gratia]] litis, id. 2, 7, 4 al.—With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum [[gratia]], Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum [[causa]], aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum [[gratia]], Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2: tentandi [[gratia]], Sall. J. 47, 2: hiemandi [[gratia]], id. ib. 61, 3: colloquendi [[gratia]], id. ib. 61, 4: placandi [[gratia]], id. ib. 71, 5: simulandi [[gratia]], id. ib. 37, 4: sui exposcendi [[gratia]], Nep. Hann. 7, 6: amplificandi [[gratia]] ... vel miserandi, Quint. 9, 3, 28: elevandae invidiae [[gratia]], id. 5, 13, 40: recuperandae dignitatis [[gratia]], id. 11, 1, 79: vitandae similitudinis [[gratia]], id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli [[gratia]], vir [[bonus]] [[Alexandria]] Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for [[example]], for [[instance]] (for the [[usual]] exempli [[causa]]; so, verbi [[gratia]], for verbi [[causa]], [[infra]]), Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so, exempli [[gratia]], Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110; for [[which]] in [[full]]: pauca [[tamen]] exempli [[gratia]] ponam, Quint. 6, 5, 6: eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli [[gratia]], Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213: [[propter]] aliam quampiam rem, verbi [[gratia]] [[propter]] voluptatem, for [[instance]], Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed [[before]] the gen.: gratiā [[decoris]], Quint. 8 praef. § 18: compositionis, id. 9, 4, 58: lenitatis, id. 9, 4, 144: significationis, id. 8, 6, 2.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> With pron. ([[mostly]] [[ante]]-[[class]].): meā gratiā, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3: qui [[nihil]] ocius venit [[tamen]] hac [[gratia]], id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.: abire [[istac]] [[gratia]], id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: ([[Medea]]) per agros [[passim]] dispergit [[corpus]]: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so, eā gratiā, Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11: sed huc [[qua]] [[gratia]] te arcessi jussi, ausculta, id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79: id ea [[gratia]] eveniebat, [[quod]] [[nemo]] ex [[fuga]] regem sequitur, Sall. J. 54, 4: id ea [[gratia]] facilius fuit, [[quod]], etc., id. ib. 80, 4.—<br /> <b>B</b> grā-tĭīs ([[always]] as a trisyll. in [[ante]]-[[class]]. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. [[Charis]]. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs ([[since]] the [[class]]. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., [[out]] of [[favor]] or [[kindness]]; [[hence]], pregn., [[without]] [[recompense]] or [[reward]], for [[nothing]], [[gratuitously]], [[gratis]], [[προῖκα]] (cf.: [[gratuito]], nequidquam, [[frustra]]): quae ([[psaltria]]) [[quantum]] potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non [[pretio]], at [[gratiis]], Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46: si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc [[tibi]] noctem honoris [[causa]] [[gratiis]] [[dono]] dabo, id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.: [[quam]] introduxistis fidicinam, [[atque]] [[etiam]] [[fides]], Ei quae accessere, [[tibi]] addam [[dono]] [[gratiis]], [[into]] the [[bargain]], to [[boot]], id. Ep. 3, 4, 38: quae Romae magna cum [[infamia]] [[pretio]] [[accepto]] edixeras, ea sola te, ne [[gratis]] in [[provincia]] [[male]] audires, ex [[edicto]] Siciliensi sustulisse [[video]], Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118: hic [[primum]] [[questus]] est non [[leviter]] Saturius, communem [[factum]] esse [[gratis]] cum Roscio, qui [[pretio]] [[proprius]] fuisset Fanni, id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27: [[gratis]] [[dare]] alicui (opp. [[pretium]] accipere ab [[aliquo]]), Mart. 14, 175, 2: id me scis [[antea]] [[gratis]] [[tibi]] esse [[pollicitum]]. Quid [[nunc]] putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita? Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7: [[gratis]] rei publicae servire, id. Clu. 26, 71: [[tantum]] [[gratis]] [[pagina]] nostra placet, Mart. 5, 16, 10: virtutes omnes per se ipsas [[gratis]] diligere, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for [[payment]]: is [[repente]], ut Romam venit, [[gratis]] [[praetor]] [[factus]] est. Alia [[porro]] [[pecunia]] ne accusaretur [[data]], Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, § 48: habitent [[gratis]] in [[alieno]]? id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so, habitare in aedibus alienis, Dig. 39, 5, 9: habitationem cui [[dare]], [[free]] of [[cost]], ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11. | ||
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|gf=(1) <b>grātĭa</b>,⁶ æ, f. ([[gratus]]), manière d’être agréable qui se trouve dans le sujet et se [[manifeste]] à autrui ou qui se trouve dans autrui et se [[manifeste]] au sujet.<br /> <b>I</b><br /><b>1</b> faveur, complaisance, obligeance, grâce : [[aliquid]] in beneficii [[loco]] et gratiæ [[causa]] petere Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 189, demander qqch. comme un bienfait et une grâce, cf. Verr. 2, 3, 115 ; gratiæ [[causa]] Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7, par faveur ; alicui gratiam dare Ter. Hec. 390, accorder une faveur à qqn ; alicui gratiam dicendi facere Liv. 3, 41, 4, accorder à qqn la faveur de parler, cf. Suet. Aug. 38 ; in gratiam alicujus Liv. 28, 21, 4, pour complaire à qqn, cf. Liv. 28, 39, 12 ; 39, 26, 12 || abl. [[gratia]], pour l’amour de, à cause de [placé après son régime] : hominum [[gratia]] Cic. Nat. 2, 158, pour les hommes ; honoris [[gratia]], v. [[honor]] ; Bruti conservandi [[gratia]] Cic. Phil. 14, 4, pour sauver [[Brutus]] ; si exempli [[gratia]] [[vir]] [[bonus]]... Cic. Off. 3, 50, si, pour prendre un exemple, un honnête homme... ; [[propter]] aliam quampiam rem, verbi [[gratia]] [[propter]] voluptatem Cic. Fin. 5, 30, en vue de n’importe quelle autre chose, par exemple, en vue du plaisir ; ea [[gratia]], [[quod]]... Sall. J. 54, 4 ; 80, 4, pour ce motif que... ; mea [[gratia]] Pl. Bacch. 97, à cause de moi<br /><b>2</b> remise accordée par complaisance : alicui jurisjurandi gratiam facere Pl. Rud. 1415, faire à qqn remise de son serment, l’en délier, cf. Suet. Tib. 35 ; gratiam fecit conjurandi Bononiensibus Suet. Aug. 17, il dispensa les habitants de Bologne de faire cause [[commune]] avec lui, cf. Suet. Dom. 14 ; de [[cena]] [[facio]] gratiam Pl. Most. 1130, quant au souper, je t’en fais grâce (= [[non]], merci) || grâce, pardon : alicui delicti gratiam facere Sall. J. 104, 5, pardonner à qqn une faute<br /><b>3</b> reconnaissance, gratitude [définie par Cic. Inv. 2, 161 ] : gratiam alicui referre Cic. Br. 217 ; de Or. 3, 14, témoigner à qqn sa reconnaissance en retour ; præclaram gratiam alicui referre Cic. Cat. 1, 28, montrer une [[belle]] reconnaissance à qqn ; habere gratiam Cic. Off. 2, 69, avoir de la reconnaissance (mais habebo [[apud]] posteros gratiam Sen. Ep. 21, 5, j’aurai la faveur de la postérité, v. II 1) ; habere et referre gratiam Ter. Eun. 750 ; Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1, v. [[refero]] II 2 <b> b)</b> ; alicui gratias referre Cic. Planc. 101, donner à qqn des marques (preuves) de reconnaissance, cf. Cic. Phil. 3, 39 ; gratiam [[dis]] persolvere Cic. Planc. 80, s’acquitter envers les dieux d’une dette de reconnaissance || pl., actions de grâce, remerciements : gratias agere alicui Cic. Phil. 1, 3, adresser des remerciements à qqn ; gratiarum [[actio]] Cic. Fam. 10, 19, 1, adresse (expression) de remerciements ; maximas [[vobis]] gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus Cic. Phil. 3, 25, nous devons tous et vous remercier vivement et éprouver pour vous la [[plus]] [[vive]] reconnaissance, cf. Marc. 33 ; gratias habere Liv. 24, 37, 7, remercier ; alicui [[pro]] [[aliqua]] re gratias agere Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16, remercier qqn pour [de] qqch. ; [in [[aliqua]] re Cic. Att. 2, 24, 2 ; ob [[aliquam]] rem Liv. 34, 50, 4 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 9, 31, 2 ] || [[est]] [[dis]] [[gratia]], cum... Ter. Ad. 138, il y a à remercier les dieux, du moment que... ; [[dis]] [[gratia]] ! Ter. Ad. 121, dieu merci ! grâce aux dieux ! gratiast Pl. Men. 387, bien obligé ! merci bien ! || abl. pl. [[gratiis]], contre un simple remerciement, avec un « dieu vous le rende ! », cf. Ter. Ad. 744 ; d’où l’adv. [[gratis]].<br /> <b>II</b><br /><b>1</b> faveur d’autrui, bonnes grâces : gratiam alicujus [[sibi]] conciliare Cic. Pomp. 70, se concilier la faveur de qqn ; magnam inire gratiam Cic. Fin. 4, 31, se mettre en [[grande]] faveur (en grand crédit) ; gratiam inire ab [[aliquo]] Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 143, se mettre dans les bonnes grâces de qqn [ad aliquem Liv. 33, 46, 7 ; [[apud]] aliquem Liv. 36, 5, 3, auprès de qqn] ; ab [[aliquo]] summam gratiam inire Cic. Att. 7, 9, 3, gagner au [[plus]] [[haut]] point la faveur de qqn ; [[aliquam]] bonam gratiam [[sibi]] quærere Cic. Pomp. 71, rechercher pour soi quelques bonnes grâces avantageuses ; aliquem [[apud]] aliquem in maxima [[gratia]] ponere Cic. Att. 5, 11, 6, mettre qqn dans les meilleures grâces de qqn ; [[plures]] ineuntur gratiæ si... Cic. Br. 209, on se gagne [[plus]] souvent la faveur si (on se fait [[plus]] d’amis, si...), cf. Cic. Mur. 24 ; Agr. 2, 7 ; multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione [[provincia]] afferre Cic. Mur. 42, rapporter de sa province avec la meilleure réputation une quantité de bonnes sympathies || popularité, crédit : [[gratia]] [[plurimum]] posse Cæs. G. 1, 9, 3, avoir le [[plus]] grand pouvoir par son crédit, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 20, 2 ; 7, 63, 2 ; C. 2, 44, 1, etc. ; [[Iccius]] [[Remus]], [[summa]] nobilitate et [[gratia]] [[inter]] suos Cæs. G. 2, 6, 4, le Rémois [[Iccius]], qui tenait parmi les siens le [[plus]] [[haut]] rang par sa noblesse et son crédit ; [[res]] [[contra]] [[nos]] faciunt, [[summa]] [[gratia]] et [[eloquentia]] Cic. Quinct. 1, nous avons comme adversaires le crédit et l’éloquence au [[plus]] [[haut]] degré, cf. Cic. Cæl. 19 ; Off. 2, 64 ; [[summa]] [[apud]] populum [[gratia]] Cic. Rep. 2, 60, la [[plus]] [[grande]] popularité ; [[gratia]] alicujus Cic. Amer. 28, le crédit, l’influence de qqn ; [[per]] gratiam contendere, ut... Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 48, faire appel aux influences pour obtenir que...<br /><b>2</b> sentiments de bonne intelligence, de bon accord, relations amicales, amitié : si suam gratiam [[Romani]] velint... Cæs. G. 4, 7, 4, [ils disent] que si les Romains veulent leur amitié ; in gratiam cum [[aliquo]] redire Cic. Att. 1, 14, 7 ; Prov. 20, etc., renouer des relations d’amitié avec qqn, se réconcilier avec qqn ; restituere aliquem in gratiam cum [[aliquo]] Cic. Prov. 23, remettre qqn en amitié avec qqn [reducere Cic. Rab. Post. 19 ] ; Sallustium restituere in [[ejus]] veterem gratiam [[non]] [[potui]] Cic. Att. 1, 3, 3, je n’ai pu ramener [[Sallustius]] à ses vieilles relations avec lui ; cum [[aliquo]] in [[gratia]] [[esse]] Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 4, être en bons [[termes]] avec qqn ; [[mihi]] cum [[illo]] magna [[gratia]] erat Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 20, j’étais en fort bons [[termes]] avec lui ; cum [[bona]] [[gratia]], cum [[mala]] Ter. Phorm. 621, en bonne, en mauvaise intelligence ; [[istuc]] [[quod]] [[postulo]] inpetro cum [[gratia]] Ter. Andr. 422, ce que je demande, je l’obtiens de bon gré ; [[per]] gratiam Pl. Mil. 979, de bonne grâce.<br /> <b>III</b> agrément, charme, grâce : [[gratia]] corporis Suet. Vitell. 3, agréments physiques ; [[gratia]] in vultu Quint. 6, pr. 7, grâce dans le visage ; sincera sermonis Attici [[gratia]] Quint. 10, 1, 65, la [[pure]] grâce du parler attique ; vinis gratiam affert [[fumus]] Plin. 14, 16, la fumée donne aux vins de l’agrément || v. [[Gratia]]. | |||
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Revision as of 06:38, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
grātĭa: ae, f. gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others.
I (Acc. to gratus, I.) Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor): pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt pars hominum quam id quod prosint pluribus, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12: perspicio nihili meam vos facere gratiam, id. Curc. 1, 2, 68: ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae, Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.: Sex. Roscius gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: deinde si maxime talis est deus, ut nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc., id. N. D. 1, 44, 124: neque quo Cn. Pompeii gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.: aliquem restituere in gratiam, id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23: aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam, id. Att. 1, 3, 3: in gratiam reducere, id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf. also: cum aliquo in gratiam redire, to reconcile one's self with one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.: alicujus gratiam sequi, Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.: si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos, id. B. G. 4, 7, 4: ab aliquo inire gratiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113: a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam, id. Att. 7, 9, 3: magnam inire gratiam, id. Fin. 4, 12, 31: quantam eo facto ad plebem inierat gratiam, Liv. 33, 46, 7: apud regem gratiam initam volebant, id. 36, 5, 3: at te apud eum, dii boni, quanta in gratia posui! Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.; with a different construction: apud Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in gratia), Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3: cum aliquo in laude et in gratia esse, id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2: inter vos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.: plerique (in divortio) cum bona gratia discedunt, Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10; without bona: cum istuc quod postulo impetro cum gratia, with a good grace, Ter. And. 2, 5, 11: omnia quae potui in hac summa tua gratia ac potentia a te impetrare, credit, influence, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.: Iccius Remus, summa nobilitate et gratia inter suos, Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8: gratiā plurimum posse, id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.: quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valent, id. ib. 7, 63, 1: gratiā valere, id. B. C. 2, 44, 1: inproba quamvis Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna, Juv. 13, 4: quem triumphum magis gratiae quam rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat, Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.: L. Murenae provincia multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit, tokens of favor, Cic. Mur. 20, 42: cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat, id. ib. 11, 24: non hominum potentium studio, non excellentibus gratiis paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem factum, id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—
B Transf., objectively, like the Gr. χάρις, agreeableness, pleasantness, charm, beauty, loveliness, grace (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint.): gratia formae, Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3: corporis, id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260: quid ille gratiae in vultu ostenderit, Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26: unica nec desit jocundis gratia verbis, charm, Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127: plenus est jucunditatis et gratiae (Horatius), Quint. 10, 1, 96: sermonis Attici, id. ib. 65; 12, 10, 35: dicendi, id. 9, 3, 74: brevitatis novitatisque, id. ib. 58: omnis bene scriptorum, id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.: uvis et vinis gratiam affert fumus fabrilis, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,
2 As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Χάριτες, the goddesses of favor, loveliness, grace, etc., the three Graces, Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia, daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, collect., Ov. M. 6, 429.
II Favor which one shows to another, mark of favor, kindness, courtesy, service, obligation.
A In gen. (rare): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est gratia, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.): ergo ab eo petito gratiam istam, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.: gratiam a patre si petimus, spero ab eo impetrassere, id. Stich. 1, 2, 23: petivit in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.: quod beneficii gratiaeque causa concessit, id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.: hanc gratiam ut sibi des, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30: juris jurandi volo gratiam facias, excuse, release, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.: alicui delicti gratiam facere, to grant pardon, forgive, Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.: qui mihi atque animo meo nullius umquam delicti gratiam fecissem, id. Cat. 52, 8; cf. also: quibus senatus belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat, id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.: alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis, to please, for the sake of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.: deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal, id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.: in gratiam alicujus, id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf. also: data visceratio in praeteritam judicii gratiam, for the favor shown him on the trial, Liv. 8, 22, 4: nil ibi majorum respectus, gratia nulla umbrarum, Juv. 8, 64.—
B In partic., a mark of favor shown for a service rendered, thanks (by word or deed), thankfulness, gratitude; acknowledgment, return, requital (the form with agere of returning thanks is the plur., but with habere, referre, debere, nearly always in sing.; but when thanks are due to or rendered by more than one person, the form gratias referre, etc., may be used;
v. infra., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505): quae (gratia) in memoria et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.: gratia est, in qua amicitiarum et officiorum alterius memoria et remunerandi voluntas continetur, id. ib. 2, 53, 161: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non possum, id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.: renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse, quam ut suadeam, ne, etc., Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. ago): dīs gratias agere ... si referre studeant gratias, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.: L. Lucceius meus, homo omnium gratissimus, mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc., Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1: eique amplissimis verbis per senatus consultum gratias egimus, id. Phil. 1, 1, 3: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, id. Fam. 1, 10: justissimas gratias agere, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc., id. Fam. 10, 19, 1: nunc tecum sic agam, tulisse ut potius injuriam, quam retulisse gratiam videar, to have made a return, requital, recompense, id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.: magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt, id. Fam. 13, 4, 1: praeclaram vero populo Romano refers gratiam, id. Cat. 1, 11, 28: ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur, id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25: me omnibus, si minus referenda gratia satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda certe satis esse facturum, if I cannot requite ... I can extol, id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: nimirum inops ille, si bonus est vir, etiam si referre gratiam non potest, habere certe potest. Commode autem quicumque dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam autem et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1: gratias habere, Liv. 24, 37, 7: alicui summas gratias habere, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33: alicui maximas infinitasque agere atque habere gratias, quod, etc., Vitr. 6 praef. 4: merito vestro maximas vobis gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus, Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25: meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere, id. Planc. 33, 80: pro beneficio gratiam repetere, Liv. 1, 47, 7: gratias ob hoc agere, quod, etc., Liv. 54, 50, 4; so with ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9: pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere, Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, Pan. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5: dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus, Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.: hoc certe justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut certe malam gratiam, Sen. Ep. 81 med.; rarely: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet), to accept as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1: unum vis curem: curo. Et est dīs gratia, Cum ita, ut volo, est, I thank, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus intro, ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam gratia est, no, I'm much obliged to you (the negative being omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur; discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs gratia, Et unde haec fiant, et adhuc non molesta sunt, thank Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and post-Aug.): dīs gratias agebat, tempus sibi dari, etc., Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:
A grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in favor of, on account of, for the sake of; hence, in gen., on account of (usually placed after the gen., in Quint. a few times before it; cf.: causa, ergo).
(a) With gen.: sed neque longioribus quam oportet hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus gratia fecerimus, propter eam fecisse videamur, lest what we have done to embellish the style we should seem to have done merely on account of the construction we had chosen, Quint. 9, 4, 144: tantum abest, ut haec bestiarum etiam causa parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum gratia generatas esse videamus, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.: honoris gratia nomino, Cic. Quint. 7, 28: nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta omnia, Ter. And. 5, 1, 17: simulabat sese negotii gratia properare, Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse constat; non praedae gratia: quia inspoliatus est, Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.: hereditatis gratia, id. 5, 12, 5: quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant, Sall. C. 23, 1: profectus gratia dicere, Quint. 2, 10, 9: brevitatis gratia, id. 4, 2, 43: decoris gratia, id. 8, 6, 65: difficultatis gratia, id. 9, 2, 77: aut invidiae gratia ... aut miserationis, id. 9, 2, 8: praesentis gratia litis, id. 2, 7, 4 al.—With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum causa, aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum gratia, Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2: tentandi gratia, Sall. J. 47, 2: hiemandi gratia, id. ib. 61, 3: colloquendi gratia, id. ib. 61, 4: placandi gratia, id. ib. 71, 5: simulandi gratia, id. ib. 37, 4: sui exposcendi gratia, Nep. Hann. 7, 6: amplificandi gratia ... vel miserandi, Quint. 9, 3, 28: elevandae invidiae gratia, id. 5, 13, 40: recuperandae dignitatis gratia, id. 11, 1, 79: vitandae similitudinis gratia, id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli gratia, vir bonus Alexandria Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for example, for instance (for the usual exempli causa; so, verbi gratia, for verbi causa, infra), Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so, exempli gratia, Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110; for which in full: pauca tamen exempli gratia ponam, Quint. 6, 5, 6: eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli gratia, Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213: propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem, for instance, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed before the gen.: gratiā decoris, Quint. 8 praef. § 18: compositionis, id. 9, 4, 58: lenitatis, id. 9, 4, 144: significationis, id. 8, 6, 2.—
(b) With pron. (mostly ante-class.): meā gratiā, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3: qui nihil ocius venit tamen hac gratia, id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.: abire istac gratia, id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: (Medea) per agros passim dispergit corpus: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so, eā gratiā, Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11: sed huc qua gratia te arcessi jussi, ausculta, id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79: id ea gratia eveniebat, quod nemo ex fuga regem sequitur, Sall. J. 54, 4: id ea gratia facilius fuit, quod, etc., id. ib. 80, 4.—
B grā-tĭīs (always as a trisyll. in ante-class. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Charis. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs (since the class. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., out of favor or kindness; hence, pregn., without recompense or reward, for nothing, gratuitously, gratis, προῖκα (cf.: gratuito, nequidquam, frustra): quae (psaltria) quantum potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non pretio, at gratiis, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46: si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc tibi noctem honoris causa gratiis dono dabo, id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.: quam introduxistis fidicinam, atque etiam fides, Ei quae accessere, tibi addam dono gratiis, into the bargain, to boot, id. Ep. 3, 4, 38: quae Romae magna cum infamia pretio accepto edixeras, ea sola te, ne gratis in provincia male audires, ex edicto Siciliensi sustulisse video, Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118: hic primum questus est non leviter Saturius, communem factum esse gratis cum Roscio, qui pretio proprius fuisset Fanni, id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27: gratis dare alicui (opp. pretium accipere ab aliquo), Mart. 14, 175, 2: id me scis antea gratis tibi esse pollicitum. Quid nunc putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita? Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7: gratis rei publicae servire, id. Clu. 26, 71: tantum gratis pagina nostra placet, Mart. 5, 16, 10: virtutes omnes per se ipsas gratis diligere, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for payment: is repente, ut Romam venit, gratis praetor factus est. Alia porro pecunia ne accusaretur data, Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, § 48: habitent gratis in alieno? id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so, habitare in aedibus alienis, Dig. 39, 5, 9: habitationem cui dare, free of cost, ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) grātĭa,⁶ æ, f. (gratus), manière d’être agréable qui se trouve dans le sujet et se manifeste à autrui ou qui se trouve dans autrui et se manifeste au sujet.
I
1 faveur, complaisance, obligeance, grâce : aliquid in beneficii loco et gratiæ causa petere Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 189, demander qqch. comme un bienfait et une grâce, cf. Verr. 2, 3, 115 ; gratiæ causa Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7, par faveur ; alicui gratiam dare Ter. Hec. 390, accorder une faveur à qqn ; alicui gratiam dicendi facere Liv. 3, 41, 4, accorder à qqn la faveur de parler, cf. Suet. Aug. 38 ; in gratiam alicujus Liv. 28, 21, 4, pour complaire à qqn, cf. Liv. 28, 39, 12 ; 39, 26, 12
