μανθάνω: Difference between revisions
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|txtha=2nd aorist [[ἔμαθον]]; [[perfect]] participle μεμαθηκώς; the Sept. for לָמַד; (from [[Homer]] [[down]]); to [[learn]], be apprised;<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[universally]]: [[absolutely]], to [[increase]] [[one]]'s [[knowledge]], τί, αὐτά; followed by an [[indirect]] [[question]], Χριστόν, to be imbued [[with]] the [[knowledge]] of Christ, τί followed by [[ἀπό]] [[with]] the genitive of the [[thing]] furnishing the [[instruction]], [[ἀπό]] [[with]] the genitive of the [[person]] [[teaching]], Krüger, § 68,34, 1; Buttmann, § 147,5 (cf. 167 (146) and [[ἀπό]], II:1d.)); followed by [[παρά]] [[with]] the genitive of [[person]] [[teaching]], ἐν [[with]] the dative of [[person]], in [[one]] i. e. by his [[example]] ([[see]] ἐν, I:3b.), Winer s Grammar, 590 (548f); Buttmann, 394 f (338)).<br /><b class="num">b.</b> equivalent to to [[hear]], be informed: followed by [[ὅτι]], τί [[ἀπό]] τίνος (genitive of [[person]]), [[ἀπό]], as [[above]]).<br /><b class="num">c.</b> to [[learn]] by [[use]] and [[practice]]; (in the preterite) to be in the [[habit]] of, [[accustomed]] to: followed by an infinitive, 1 Timothy 5:; [[Aeschylus]] Prom. 1068; [[Xenophon]], an. 3,2, 25); ἔμαθεν ἀφ' ὧν ἔπαθε [[τήν]] ὑπακοήν, Winer's Grammar, § 68,1and [[ἀπό]], as [[above]]). In the [[difficult]] [[passage]] ἀργαί depends [[upon]] the [[verb]] μανθάνουσι ([[which]] would [[mean]] [[they]] [[learn]] to be [[idle]], or [[learn]] [[idleness]]; so Bretschneider (Lexicon, [[under]] the [[word]] 2b.), and Winer s Grammar, 347 (325f); (cf. Stallbaum's [[note]] and references on [[Plato]]'s [[Euthydemus]], p. 276b.)), [[nor]] περιερχόμενοι ([[they]] [[learn]] to go [[about]] from [[house]] to [[house]], — so the [[majority]] of interpreters; for, according to [[uniform]] Greek [[usage]], a participle joined to the [[verb]] μανθάνειν and belonging to the [[subject]] denotes [[what]] [[sort]] of a [[person]] [[one]] learns or perceives [[himself]] to be, as ἔμαθεν [[ἔγκυος]] [[οὖσα]], she perceived herself to be [[with]] [[child]], [[Herodotus]] 1,5); [[but]] μανθάνειν [[must]] be taken [[absolutely]] ([[see]] a. [[above]]) and [[emphatically]], of [[what]] [[they]] [[learn]] by [[going]] [[about]] from [[house]] to [[house]] and [[what]] it is [[unseemly]] for [[them]] to [[know]]; cf. Bengel ad loc, and Buttmann, § 144,17; (so Wordsworth, in the [[place]] cited). (Compare: [[καταμανθάνω]].) | |txtha=2nd aorist [[ἔμαθον]]; [[perfect]] participle μεμαθηκώς; the Sept. for לָמַד; (from [[Homer]] [[down]]); to [[learn]], be apprised;<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[universally]]: [[absolutely]], to [[increase]] [[one]]'s [[knowledge]], τί, αὐτά; followed by an [[indirect]] [[question]], Χριστόν, to be imbued [[with]] the [[knowledge]] of Christ, τί followed by [[ἀπό]] [[with]] the genitive of the [[thing]] furnishing the [[instruction]], [[ἀπό]] [[with]] the genitive of the [[person]] [[teaching]], Krüger, § 68,34, 1; Buttmann, § 147,5 (cf. 167 (146) and [[ἀπό]], II:1d.)); followed by [[παρά]] [[with]] the genitive of [[person]] [[teaching]], ἐν [[with]] the dative of [[person]], in [[one]] i. e. by his [[example]] ([[see]] ἐν, I:3b.), Winer s Grammar, 590 (548f); Buttmann, 394 f (338)).<br /><b class="num">b.</b> equivalent to to [[hear]], be informed: followed by [[ὅτι]], τί [[ἀπό]] τίνος (genitive of [[person]]), [[ἀπό]], as [[above]]).<br /><b class="num">c.</b> to [[learn]] by [[use]] and [[practice]]; (in the preterite) to be in the [[habit]] of, [[accustomed]] to: followed by an infinitive, 1 Timothy 5:; [[Aeschylus]] Prom. 1068; [[Xenophon]], an. 3,2, 25); ἔμαθεν ἀφ' ὧν ἔπαθε [[τήν]] ὑπακοήν, Winer's Grammar, § 68,1and [[ἀπό]], as [[above]]). In the [[difficult]] [[passage]] ἀργαί depends [[upon]] the [[verb]] μανθάνουσι ([[which]] would [[mean]] [[they]] [[learn]] to be [[idle]], or [[learn]] [[idleness]]; so Bretschneider (Lexicon, [[under]] the [[word]] 2b.), and Winer s Grammar, 347 (325f); (cf. Stallbaum's [[note]] and references on [[Plato]]'s [[Euthydemus]], p. 276b.)), [[nor]] περιερχόμενοι ([[they]] [[learn]] to go [[about]] from [[house]] to [[house]], — so the [[majority]] of interpreters; for, according to [[uniform]] Greek [[usage]], a participle joined to the [[verb]] μανθάνειν and belonging to the [[subject]] denotes [[what]] [[sort]] of a [[person]] [[one]] learns or perceives [[himself]] to be, as ἔμαθεν [[ἔγκυος]] [[οὖσα]], she perceived herself to be [[with]] [[child]], [[Herodotus]] 1,5); [[but]] μανθάνειν [[must]] be taken [[absolutely]] ([[see]] a. [[above]]) and [[emphatically]], of [[what]] [[they]] [[learn]] by [[going]] [[about]] from [[house]] to [[house]] and [[what]] it is [[unseemly]] for [[them]] to [[know]]; cf. Bengel ad loc, and Buttmann, § 144,17; (so Wordsworth, in the [[place]] cited). (Compare: [[καταμανθάνω]].) | ||
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{{grml | |||
|mltxt=(AM [[μανθάνω]])<br /><b>βλ.</b> [[μαθαίνω]]. | |||
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Revision as of 06:46, 29 September 2017
English (LSJ)
Pi.P.3.80, etc.: fut.
A μᾰθήσομαι Thgn.35, Parm.1.31, A. Pr.926, S.Aj.667, OC1527, Pl.Phlb.53e, etc.; Dor. μᾰθεῦμαι dub. in Theoc.11.60; late μαθήσω Gal.13.450, Sect.Intr.9 (cod. L): aor. ἔμᾰθον Pi.N.7.18, etc.; Ep. ἔμμαθον Od.17.226, μάθον (v. infr.): pf. μεμάθηκα Anacr.74, Xenoph.10, Emp.17.9, Ar.Nu.1148, Pl.Euthphr.9c, etc.: plpf. ἐμεμαθήκη ib. 14c; 3sg. ἐμεμαθήκει Id.Men.86a; 3pl. μεμαθήκεσαν Hp.VM10:—Pass., used by good writers only in pres., as Pl. Ti.87b, Men.88b.—Hom. uses only the Ep. aor. forms μάθον, ἔμμαθες, ἔμμαθε:—learn, esp. by study (but also, by practice, Simon.147, Arist.EN1103a32, Metaph.1049b31, 980b24; by experience, A.Ag.251 (lyr.), Arist.AP0.81a40), thrice in Hom., ἔργα κακά Od.17.226,18.362: c. inf., μάθον ἔμμεναι ἐσθλός Il.6.444: freq. later, οὐδὲ μαθόντες γινώσκουσιν Heraclit.17; ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡβᾷ τοῖς γέρουσιν εὖ μαθεῖν A.Ag. 584; ταλάντου τοῦτ' ἔμαθεν for a talent, Ar.Nu.876; οἱ μανθάνοντες learners, pupils, X.Mem.1.2.17; μ. τὰ Ὁμήρου ἔπη learn by heart, Id.Smp.3.5; μ. βέμβικα Ar.Av.1461; μ. τί τινος learn from... Pi.P.3.80, A.Pr.701, S.OT575, etc.: with Preps., ἐσθλῶν ἄπ' ἐσθλὰ μαθήσεαι Thgn.l.c.; μ. καθ' Ὅμηρον Xenoph.l.c.; τι ἔκ τινος S.El.352; ἐκ ποίων ὀνομάτων μεμαθηκὼς ἦν τὰ πράγματα Pl.Cra.438a; παρά τινος A. Ag.859, S.Ant.1012, etc.; παρά τινος ὅτι . . Isoc.8.67; πρός τινος S. OC12; πρὶν μάθοιμ' εἰ . . Id.Ph.961: c. inf., learn to... or how to... Il. l.c., Pi.P.4.284, A.Pr.1068 (anap.), S.Aj.667; μ. σεαυτὸν αἰς χύνεσθαι Democr.244. II acquire a habit of, and in past tenses, to be accustomed to... c. inf., Emp.17.9, Hp.VM10; τοὺς μεμαθηκότας ἀριστᾶν Id.Acut.28; τὸ μεμαθηκός that which is usual, πρότερον ἢ ὕστερον τοῦ μ. Id.Mul.2.128; ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσι acquire a habit of idleness, <*> Ep.Ti.5.13. III perceive, remark, notice, τὸ πλῆθος Hdt.7.208; ἀλλήλους μ. ὁπόσοι εἴησαν X.HG2.1.1. 2 freq. c. part., μ. τὴν νέα ἐμβαλοῦσαν Hdt.8.88; ἔμαθον ταῦτα πρησσόμενα Id.1.160; ἵνα μάθῃ σοφιστὴς ὤν A.Pr.62; μὴ μάθῃ μ' ἥκοντα S.Ph.13, cf. E.Ba.1113; μάνθανε ὤν know that you are, S.El.1342; διαβεβλημένος οὐ μανθάνεις Hdt.3.1; εἰ μὴ μανθάνετε κακὰ σπεύδοντες Th.6.39. 3 with ὅτι, Pl.R.394b; with ὡς, Th.1.34, etc. IV understand (cf Pl.Euthd.277e), ὡς μάθω σαφέστερον A.Ch.767; ὄψ' ἐμάθεθ' ἡμᾶς E.Ba.1345; τὰλεγόμενα Lys.10.15, etc.: c. dat. pers., εἴ μοι μανθάνεις if you take me, Pl. R.394c: freq. in Dialogue, μανθάνεις; d'ye see? Answ., πάνυ μανθάνω perfectly! Ar.Ra.195, cf. Pl.Men.84d. Tht.174b; εἶεν, μανθάνω Id.R.372e, cf. Phd.117b, etc. V τί μαθών . . ; freq. in questions, lit. under what persuasion, with what idea? hence ironically for why on earth? τί δὴ μ. φαίνεις ἄνευ θρυαλλίδος; Ar.Ach.826, cf. Nu.402, 1506, Lys.599, Pl.908; τί τοῦτο μ. προσέγραψεν; D.20.127 (sts. with v.l. τί παθών; what possessed you to . . ? cf. πάσχω); imitated in later Greek, Ael.Fr.67; also indirectly, because (with a sense of disapprobation), ὅ τι μαθόντες τοὺς ξένους μὲν λέγετε ποιητὰς σοφούς Eup.357; ὅ τι μαθὼν . . οὐχ ἡσυχίαν ἦγον Pl.Ap.36b; σοὶ εἰς κεφαλήν, ὅ τι μαθών μου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων καταψεύδη τοιοῦτο πρᾶγμα Id.Euthd.283e, cf. 299a: even with neut. subject, ὅμως δ' ἂν κακὰ ἦν, ὅ τι μαθόντα χαίρειν ποιεῖ Id.Prt.353d.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
μανθάνω: μέλλ. μᾰθήσομαι Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 926, Σοφ. Αἴ. 667, Ο. Κ. 1527, Πλάτ., κτλ.· Δωρ. μᾰθεῦμαι Θεόκρ. 11. 60· - ἀόρ. ἔμᾰθον, Πινδ. Ν. 7. 26, καὶ Ἀττ. Ἐπικ. μάθον (ἴδε κατωτ.)· - πρκμ. μεμάθηκα Ἐμπεδ. 70, Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 1148, Πλάτ., κτλ.· ὑπερσ. ἐμεμαθήκη Πλάτ. Εὐθύφρων 14C, γ΄ ἑνικ. μεμαθήκει ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Μένωνι 86Α· - Παθ., εὔχρηστον παρὰ δοκίμοις μόνον κατ’ ἐνεστ.· παθ. πρκμ. μετοχ. μεμαθημένος = μεμαθηκώς, Αἴσωπ. 421. - Ὁ Ὅμ. ἔχει μόνον τοὺς Ἐπικ. τοῦ ἀορ. τύπους, μάθον, ἔμμαθες, ἔμμαθε. (Ἐκ τῆς √ΜΑΘ, ἐξ ἧς καὶ αἱ λ. μάθος, μάθημα, κτλ.· ἐπιτεταμένος τύπος τῆς ῥίζης, ΜΑ, ἴδε ἐν λ. *μάω). Μανθάνω, κοινῶς: «μαθαίνω», ἰδίως δι’ ἐρεύνης καὶ ἐξετάσεως· καὶ ἐν τῷ ἀορ., ἔχω μάθει, δηλ. ἐννοῶ, γνωρίζω (ὅρα τὸν ὁρισμὸν ἐν Πλάτ. Εὐθυδ. 277Ε κἑξ.), ἔργα κάκ’ ἔμαθεν Ὀδ. Ρ. 226., Σ. 362· μετ’ ἀπαρ., μάθον ἔμμεναι ἐσθλὸς Ἰλ. Ζ. 444· οὐδαμοῦ ἄλλοθι παρ’ Ὁμ., ἀλλὰ κοινὸν παρ’ Ἀττ., ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡβᾷ τοῖς γέρουσιν εὖ μαθεῖν Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 584· ταλάντου τοῦτ’ ἔμαθεν, μὲ ἓν τάλαντον ἔμαθε τοῦτο, Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 876· οἱ μανθάνοντες, οἱ μαθηταί, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 2, 17· μ. τὰ Ὁμήρου ἔπη, ἀποστηθίζειν αὐτά, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Συμπ. 3, 5· - μ. τί τινος, μανθάνειν τι παρά τινος, Πινδ. Π. 3. 143, Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 701, Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 575, κτλ.· ὡσαύτως, τι ἔκ τινος ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἠλ. 352, Πλάτ., κτλ.· παρά τινος Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 858, Σοφ., κτλ.· παρά τινος ὅτι... Ἰσοκρ. 172D· πρός τινος Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 12· πρὶν μάθοιμ’ εἰ..., ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φιλ. 961· - μετ’ ἀπαρ., μανθάνω νά..., ἢ πῶς νά..., Ἰλ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ., Πινδ. Π. 4. 506, Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 1068, κτλ.· ἐνίοτε ἐν χρήσει ὡς παθ. τοῦ διδάσκω, οἱ ἀμαθεῖς σοφοὶ μανθάνουσι (δηλ. εἶναι) Πλάτ. Εὐθύδ. 276Β, πρβλ. Α΄ Ἐπιστ. π. Τιμ. 5. 13· - μανθάνω ἐκ πείρας, (πρβλ. μάθημα, μάθος), Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 250. ΙΙ. ἀποκτῶ ἕξιν τοῦ νά..., καὶ ἐν παρῳχημένοις χρόνοις, ἔχω συνηθίσει νά..., μετ’ ἀπαρ., Ἐμπεδ. 70, Ἱππ. π. Ἀρχ. Ἰητρ. 12· τοὺς μεμαθηκότας ἀριστᾶν ὁ αὐτ. π. Διαίτ. Ὀξ. 388· τὸ μεμαθηκὸς, τὸ σύνηθες, ἴδε ἐν λ. μάθος ΙΙ. ΙΙΙ. παρ’ Ἡροδ. καὶ Ἀττ., ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ, ἀντιλαμβάνομαι διὰ τῶν αἰσθητηρίων, αἰσθάνομαι, παρατηρῶ, τινὰ Ἡρόδ. 7. 208· ἀλλήλους μ. ὁπόσοι εἴησαν Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 2. 1, 1. 2) ἐνίοτε μετὰ μετοχ., μ. τὴν νῆα ἐμβαλοῦσαν Ἡρόδ. 8. 88· ἵνα μάθῃ σοφιστὴς ὢν Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 62· μὴ μάθῃ μ’ ἥκοντα Σοφ. Φιλ. 13, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Βάκχ. 1113· μάνθανε ὤν, ὡς τὸ ἴσθι ὤν, γίνωσκε ὅτι εἶσαι..., Σοφ. Ἠλ. 1342· οὕτω, διαβεβλημένος οὐ μανθάνεις Ἡρόδ. 3. 1, πρβλ. 1. 68, 160· εἰ μὴ μανθάνετε κακὰ σπεύδοντες Θουκ. 6. 39· πρβλ. καταμανθάνω. IV. ἐννοῶ, καταλαμβάνω, ὡς μάθω σαφέστερον Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 767· ὄψ’ ἐμάθεθ’ ἡμᾶς Εὐρ. Βάκχ. 1345· τὰ λεγόμενα Λυσ. 117. 27, κτλ.· ἀλλ’ ὡσαύτως μετὰ γεν. προσ., ὡς τὸ ἀκούω, Stallb. εἰς Πλάτ. Πολ. 394C· - συχνάκις ἐν διαλόγῳ, μανθάνεις; Λατ. tenes? ἐννοεῖς; «’κατάλαβες;» - Ἀπόκρ. πάνυ μανθάνω, πολὺ καλά, Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 195, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Μένωνα 84D, Θεαίτ. 174Β· οὕτως, εἶεν, μανθάνω ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πολ. 372Ε, πρβλ. Φαίδωνα 117Β, κτλ. V. παρ’ Ἀττ. τὸ τί μαθών…; συχνάκις τίθεται ἐν ἀρχῇ ἐρωτήσεως, ὡς Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 826, ἔνθα δύναται νὰ ἑρμηνευθῇ παραπλησίως τῷ, τί παθών; διὰ τί; «γιατί;» - ἀλλ’ ἑκάτερον ἔχει ἰδίαν ἔννοιαν, - καθ’ ὅσον τὸ μὲν τί μαθών; ἀναφέρεται εἴς τι μάθος, τί σε ἔπεισεν ἢ τί σου κατέβη νά…; καὶ ὑπονοεὶ ἐνέργειαν ἐλευθέραν· τὸ δὲ τί παθών; ἀναφέρεται εἴς τι πάθος, πόθεν ἀναγκασθείς... τί ἔπαθες…; Ἐννοεῖται δὲ ὅτι αἱ φράσεις αὗται εὐκόλως ἀντηλλάσσοντο· πρβλ. πάσχω ΙΙ. 5, Wolf εἰς Δημ. Λεπτ. 495. 20· ἐνίοτε ἐκφέρεται ἐν πλαγίῳ λόγῳ ὅ τι μαθών... οὐχ ἡσυχίαν ἦγον, διὰ ποῖον λόγον δὲν ἡσύχαζον, Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 36Β· σοὶ εἰς κεφαλήν, ὅ τι μαθὼν ἐμοῦ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων καταψεύδῃ τοιοῦτο πρᾶγμα ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Εὐθυδ. 283Ε, πρβλ. 299Α, καὶ Heind· ἐν τόπῳ· ὅ τι μαθόντα χαίρειν ποιεῖ [τινα] ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πρωτ. 353D.
French (Bailly abrégé)
f. μαθήσομαι, ao.2 ἔμαθον, pf. μεμάθηκα;
Pass. seul. prés. et pf. μεμάθημαι;
I. apprendre, càd :
1 étudier, s’instruire ; οἱ μανθάνοντες XÉN les écoliers ; μ. τι, apprendre qch ; particul. à l’ao. avoir appris, avoir reçu une leçon, càd avoir été châtié ; à l’ao. et au pf. avoir appris, d’où s’être habitué à, avoir coutume de : ἂν ἅπαξ μαθῶμεν ἀργοὶ ζῆν XÉN si une fois nous avons pris l’habitude de vivre en paresseux;
2 apprendre par cœur;
3 s’informer de, à l’ao. être informé de, avoir appris, savoir : τι, qch ; τι ἔκ τινος, τι παρά τινος, τι πρός τινος, τί τινος, apprendre ou savoir qch de qqn, être informé de qch par qqn;
II. s’apercevoir de :
1 remarquer : τινα, qqn ; ἀλλήλους μ. ὁπόσοι εἴησαν XÉN s’apercevoir, en se voyant les uns les autres, combien ils étaient nombreux;
2 à l’ao. avoir remarqué ; se rendre compte ; reconnaître : τινα, qqn ; μαθεῖν οὐ δυσπατής SOPH non difficile à reconnaître;
III. comprendre : τι, qch ; τινος, qqn ; avec une conj. : μ. ὅτι, comprendre ou s’apercevoir que ; avec un part. : ἵνα μαθῇ ὤν ESCHL afin qu’il comprenne qu’il est ; διαβεβλημένος οὐ μανθάνεις ; HDT ne comprends-tu pas que tu as été calomnié ?;
IV. τί μαθών forme un idiotisme impliquant une idée de reproche : τί μαθὼν φαίνεις ; AR que t’est-il venu à l’esprit que tu montres… ? à quoi penses-tu de montrer ? pourquoi montres-tu ?
Étymologie: R. Μαθ, savoir.
English (Autenrieth)
only aor. μάθον, ἔμμαθες: learn, come to know, τὶ, and w. inf., Il. 6.444.
English (Slater)
μανθᾰνω (μανθάνων: aor. ἔμᾰθε, ἔμᾰθον; μᾰθών, -όντος, -όντες; μᾰθεῖν.)
1 learn (of) σοφὸς ὁ πολλὰ εἰδὼς φυᾷ· μαθόντες δὲ ἄκραντα γαρύετον i. e. those who are without natural ability (O. 2.86) ὥστ' ἔμφρονι δεῖξαι μαθεῖν Πατρόκλου βιατὰν νόον (O. 9.75) ἔμαθε δὲ σαφές (sc. Ἰξίων, τὸν εὐεργέταν ἀγαναῖς ἀμοιβαῖς ἐποιχομένους τίνεσθαι) (P. 2.25) γένοἰ οἷος ἐσσι μαθών (i. e. οἷον ἔμαθες σεαυτὸν ὄντα, what you have learned that you are ) (P. 2.72) τὰν (sc. Ἡσυχίαν) οὐδὲ Πορφυρίων μάθεν (ἔγνω Σ.) (P. 8.12) μαθὼν δέ τις ἀνερεῖ, εἰ πὰρ μέλος ἔρχομαι ψάγιον ὄαρον ἐννέπων i. e. one who has learned, knows my ways (N. 7.68) c. gen., μανθάνων οἶσθα προτέρων· ἓν παρ' ἐσλὸν πήματα σύνδυο δαίονται βροτοῖς ἀθάνατοι i. e. having learned from earlier poets (P. 3.80) c. inf., ἔμαθε δὑβρίζοντα μισεῖν (P. 4.284) c. acc. & part., σοφοὶ δὲ μέλλοντα τριταῖον ἄνεμον ἔμαθον (N. 7.17) fragg. ἔμαθον δ' ὅτι μοῖραν[ Πα. 13c. 5. ]μαθοντ[ P. Oxy. 2442, fr. 103.
English (Strong)
prolongation from a primary verb, another form of which, matheo, is used as an alternate in certain tenses; to learn (in any way): learn, understand.
English (Thayer)
2nd aorist ἔμαθον; perfect participle μεμαθηκώς; the Sept. for לָמַד; (from Homer down); to learn, be apprised;
a. universally: absolutely, to increase one's knowledge, τί, αὐτά; followed by an indirect question, Χριστόν, to be imbued with the knowledge of Christ, τί followed by ἀπό with the genitive of the thing furnishing the instruction, ἀπό with the genitive of the person teaching, Krüger, § 68,34, 1; Buttmann, § 147,5 (cf. 167 (146) and ἀπό, II:1d.)); followed by παρά with the genitive of person teaching, ἐν with the dative of person, in one i. e. by his example (see ἐν, I:3b.), Winer s Grammar, 590 (548f); Buttmann, 394 f (338)).
b. equivalent to to hear, be informed: followed by ὅτι, τί ἀπό τίνος (genitive of person), ἀπό, as above).
c. to learn by use and practice; (in the preterite) to be in the habit of, accustomed to: followed by an infinitive, 1 Timothy 5:; Aeschylus Prom. 1068; Xenophon, an. 3,2, 25); ἔμαθεν ἀφ' ὧν ἔπαθε τήν ὑπακοήν, Winer's Grammar, § 68,1and ἀπό, as above). In the difficult passage ἀργαί depends upon the verb μανθάνουσι (which would mean they learn to be idle, or learn idleness; so Bretschneider (Lexicon, under the word 2b.), and Winer s Grammar, 347 (325f); (cf. Stallbaum's note and references on Plato's Euthydemus, p. 276b.)), nor περιερχόμενοι (they learn to go about from house to house, — so the majority of interpreters; for, according to uniform Greek usage, a participle joined to the verb μανθάνειν and belonging to the subject denotes what sort of a person one learns or perceives himself to be, as ἔμαθεν ἔγκυος οὖσα, she perceived herself to be with child, Herodotus 1,5); but μανθάνειν must be taken absolutely (see a. above) and emphatically, of what they learn by going about from house to house and what it is unseemly for them to know; cf. Bengel ad loc, and Buttmann, § 144,17; (so Wordsworth, in the place cited). (Compare: καταμανθάνω.)
