citer
Latin > English
citer citera -um, citerior -or -us, citimus -a -um ADJ :: near/on this side; (COMP) nearer; sooner/earlier, urgent; (SUPER) next; least
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
cĭter: tra, trum (
I comp. citerior; sup. citimus; most freq. in comp.; in posit. only Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 589 and 999 P.; and Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 607 ib.), adj. cis.
I On this side: citer agnus (ager) alligatus ad sacra erit, Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 599 and 989 P.: alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36: citerior provincia (i. e. Gallia Cisalpina), Caes. B. G. 1, 10: in Galliā citeriore, id. ib. 1, 24; Hirt. B. G. 8, 23; Suet. Caes. 56: citerior Hispania, Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 2; Cic. Att. 12, 37, 4; Nep. Cat. 2, 1; Plin. 3, 1, 2, § 6: Arabia, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 213: Oceanus, Flor. 4, 12, 46: ripa, Vell. 2, 107, 1.—
II As that which is on this side is nearer to us than its opposite, lying near, near, close to.
A In space: (stella) ultima a caelo, citima terris, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16; id. Univ. 7 fin.: citima Persidis (sc. loca), Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 213. —
2 Trop.: deduc orationem tuam de caelo ad haec citeriora, Cic. Rep. 1, 21, 34: quantā animi tranquillitate humana et citeriora considerat, id. Tusc. 5, 25, 71: ut ad haec citeriora veniam et notiora nobis, id. Leg. 3, 2, 4: nam citeriora nondum audiebamus, id. Fam. 2, 12, 1; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1; 9, 12, 6: citerioris vitae minister, private, domestic, Amm. 14, 1, 7.—
B In time (post-Aug.), earlier, sooner: Africano consulatus citerior legitimo tempore datus est, Val. Max. 8, 15, 1; 6, 3, 11: in antiquius citeriusve, Vell. 1, 17, 2: citeriore die (opp. longiore), Dig. 23, 4, 15.—
C In measure or degree, small, little: citerior tamen est poena quam scelus, Quint. Decl. 299; Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 10.—Advv.: comp. cĭtĕrĭus, less: citerius debito resistere, Sen. Ira, 1, 16, 11; sup. cĭtĭmē, least, acc. to Prisc. p. 1016 P.—
III Hence,
A cī̆trā, adv. and prep. with acc., on this side, on the hither or nearer side (opp. to ultra; more freq. than cis, q. v.).
1 Prop.
(a) Adv.: (dextera) nec citra mota nec ultra, neither this way nor that, Ov. M. 5, 186; cf.: ultra citraque pervolare, Plin. 10, 23, 31, § 61: citra est Oglasa, id. 3, 6, 12, § 80; 6, 11, 12, § 30: citra fuere margines, id. 2, 17, 14, § 73.—
(b) With acc.: Germani qui essent citra Rhenum, Caes. B. G. 6, 32: is locus est citra Leucadem stadia CXX., Cic. Fam. 16, 2; so, citra Veliam, id. Att. 16, 7, 5: citra mare, Hor. S. 2, 8, 47: mare citra, id. ib. 1, 10, 31: citra flumen intercepti, Liv. 21, 48, 6: citra Tauri juga, id. 38, 48, 1 al.— With verbs of motion: ut exercitum citra flumen Rubiconem educeret, Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5: ut omnes citra flumen eliceret, Caes. B. G. 6, 8; Liv. 21, 54, 4; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106.—
2 (Acc. to citer, II.) Of that which takes place, or is within a fixed boundary, and yet does not reach that boundary, within, beneath, short of, less than.
(a) Adv.: non erit necesse id usque a capite arcessere: saepe etiam citra licet, not so far, Cic. Top. 9, 39: paucis citra milibus lignatores ei occurrunt, Liv. 10, 25, 4: citra quam proxime fuerint (defectus lunae), Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 86: citra exsultare, id. 17, 22, 35, § 180: tela citra cadebant (i. e. did not reach the Romans), Tac. H. 3, 23.—
(b) With acc.: nec a postremā syllabā citra tertiam, before the third syllable, Cic. Or. 18, 58 (cf. Quint. 1, 5, 30: acuta intra numerum trium syllabarum continetur); id. 8, 6, 76: cur Veneris stella numquam longius XLVI. portibus ab sole... abscedant, saepe citra eas ad solem reciprocent, Plin. 2, 17, 14, § 72; 2, 17, 15, § 77.—
b Trop.
(a) Adv. of measure: neve domi praesume dapes et desine citra Quam capias paulo, Ov. A. A. 3, 757; cf.: culta citra quam debuit illa, id. P. 1, 7, 55.—
(b) With acc.: pronepos ego regis aquarum; Nec virtus citra genus est, is not behind my family, Ov. M. 10, 607: glans cum citra satietatem data est, not to satiety, Col. 7, 6, 5; cf. id. 9, 13, 2; so, fatigationem, Cels. 1, 2; cf. Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171: scelus, Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 23: citra necem tua constitit ira, id. ib. 2, 127: usus citra intellectum acrimoniae, Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171. —
c In time (with acc. rare; perh. not anteAug.): citra Kalendas Octobris, Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. Gell. 12, 13: Trojana tempora, Ov. M. 8, 365: juventam, id. ib. 10, 84: temporis finem, Dig. 49, 16, 15.—
3 Since the Aug. per. (most freq. in Quint. and Pliny the elder; in the former more than twenty times), in gen. of that which does not belong to, is without, or beyond something, without, aside from, apart from, except, without regard to, setting aside (for the class. sine, praeter; hence the Gloss.: ἄνευ sine, absque, praeter, citra, Gloss. Cyr.; citra δίχα, χωρίς, ἐκτός, Gloss. Phil.); with acc.: citra hoc experimentum multa sunt, quae, etc., Col. 2, 2, 20: plus usus sine doctrinā, quam citra usum doctrina valet, Quint. 12, 6, 4: Phidias in ebore longe citra aemulum, id. 12, 10, 9: vir bonus citra virtutem intellegi non potest, id. 12, 2, 1; so, accusationem, id. 7, 2, 26; 3, 8, 21; 7, 10, 3: tranare aquas citra docentem natura ipsa sciunt, id. 2, 16, 13: citra invidiam, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 108: citra ullum aliud incommodum, id. 2, 51, 52, § 137: citra dolorem, id. 12, 17, 40, § 79; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 4: morsum, Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136: vulnus, id. 20, 21, 84, § 225 al.: citra fidem, Tac. Agr. 1: citra speciem aut delectationem, id. G. 16: citra Senatūs populique auctoritatem, Suet. Caes. 28: commoda emeritorum, id. Aug. 24: spem omnium fortuna cessit, Flor. 3, 1, 2: etiam citra spectaculorum dies, i.e. even out of the time of the established spectacles, Suet. Aug. 43: citra magnitudinem prope Ponto similis, excepting its size, Mel. 1, 19, 17; Tac. Agr. 10; Quint. 2, 4, 22; so id. 7, 2, 13; Dig. 3, 6, 9: lana tincta fuco citra purpuras placet, Ov. Fragm. ap. Quint. 12, 10, 75.—Citra sometimes follows its case, Hor. S. 1, 1, 107; 1, 10, 31.—
B cī̆trō, adv. (orig. dat. sing.), always in the connection and position ultro citroque, ultro et citro, ultro ac citro, or without copula ultro citro (not ultroque citroque), hither and thither, this way and that, here and there, to and fro, from both sides, backwards and forwards, reciprocally; Fr. par ci par là, ça et là (in good prose): ultro ac citro commeare, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16: sursum deorsum, ultro citro commeantibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 84: ultro citroque commeare, Auct. B. Afr. 20; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 104; * Suet. Calig. 19; Lucr. 4, 32: qui ultro citroque navigarent, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170: cursare ultro et citro, id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60 (in Prisc. p. 1011 P., perh. only from memory written ultro citroque): bis ultro citroque transcurrerunt, Liv. 40, 40, 7 al.: cum saepe ultro citroque legati inter eos mitterentur, Caes. B. G. 1, 42; id. B. C. 1, 20; Liv. 5, 8, 6: multis verbis ultro citroque habitis, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. Liv. 9, 45, 2; 7, 9, 2: beneficiis ultro citro datis acceptisque, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56: ut obsides ultro citroque darentur, Liv. 44, 23, 2: datā ultro citroque fide, id. 29, 23, 5: inplicati ultro et citro vel usu diuturno vel etiam officiis, Cic. Lael. 22, 85 Klotz N. cr.: alternatis ultro citro aestibus, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 29: ultro citroque versus, Amm. 30, 3, 5.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
cĭtĕr,¹⁶ tra, trum (cis), qui est en deçà : Afran. 235 ; Cato Orat. 62, 1 (d. Prisc. Gramm. 3, 4 ; 14, 33 ). formes usitées : comp. citerior, superl. citimus.
Latin > German (Georges)
citer, tra, trum (cis), hierherzuliegend, diesseitig, I) Posit., Afran. com. 2351: ager, Cato oratt. 62. fr. 1 (bei Prisc. 3, 4 u. 14, 33). – II) Compar. citerior, neutr. citerius, Genet. iōris, mehr hierherzuliegend (Ggstz. ulterior), a) diesseitig, Gallia, Cic. u. Caes.: Hispania, diesseit des Ebros, Varr. u. Cic.: ripa praedicti fluminis, Vell.: pars, Cels. – b) näher zuliegend, näher, α) im Raume, uno gradu a publico supplicio manuque carnificis citerior, Val. Max. 9, 12, 6. – übtr., ad haec citeriora veniam et notiora nobis, das mehr näher Liegende, Irdische, Cic. de legg. 3, 4: ebenso humana et citeriora considerare, Cic. Tusc. 5, 71: deduc orationem tuam de eo loco ad haec citeriora, Cic. de rep. 1, 34. – β) in der Zeit, früher, zeitiger, cura, Val. Max.: vita, Amm.: ultio delicto citerior, Val. Max.: citeriore die, Ggstz. longiore, ICt.: Africano consulatus citerior legitimo tempore datus est, Val. Max. – subst., in antiquius citeriusve procedere, Vell. – aber nam citeriora nondum audiebamus, das der Zeit nach uns Näherliegende, das später Vorgefallene, Cic. ep. 2, 12, 1. – γ) im Maße, kleiner, kürzer, citerioris aetatis meta, Val. Max. 8, 7. ext. 10. – δ) im Grade, geringer, poena citerior quam scelus, Ps. Quint. decl. 299. – III) Superl. citimus od. citumus, a, um, sehr nahe, zunächst (nach uns zu) befindlich, der nächste (Ggstz. ultimus; vgl. Paul. ex Fest. 42, 12. Non. 85, 16. Charis. 156, 36. Prisc. 3, 22; 14, 33), stella ultima a caelo, citima terris, Cic. de rep. 6, 16: c. pars, Cic. Tim 22: c. lunae helix, Apul. de deo Socr. 8: c. circulus, Mart. Cap. 1. § 28: c. limes, Anthol. Lat. 483, 23 (388, 23). – n. plur. subst., citima Persidis, der diesseitige Teil von Persis, Plin. 6, 213. – übtr., aut in eadem sententia aut in citima ei sumus, ihr zunächstliegenden, *Sen. nat qu. 3, 13, 1 (nach Haupts Verbesserung).
