δεξιός: Difference between revisions
Ζήλου τὸν ἐσθλὸν ἄνδρα καὶ τὸν σώφρονα → Probi viri esto temperantisque aemulus → Dem Edlen eifre nach und dem Besonnenen
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|strgr=from [[δέχομαι]]; the [[right]] [[side]] or ([[feminine]]) [[hand]] (as [[that]] [[which]] [[usually]] takes): [[right]] ([[hand]], [[side]]). | |strgr=from [[δέχομαι]]; the [[right]] [[side]] or ([[feminine]]) [[hand]] (as [[that]] [[which]] [[usually]] takes): [[right]] ([[hand]], [[side]]). | ||
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{{Thayer | |||
|txtha=[[δεξιά]], δεξιόν (from [[δέχομαι]], [[future]] [[δέξομαι]], or from δέκω, [[which]] is [[akin]] to [[δείκνυμι]]; [[properly]], of [[that]] [[hand]] [[which]] is [[accustomed]] to [[take]] told of as [[well]] as to [[point]] [[out]]; [[just]] as [[ἄξιος]] comes from [[ἄξω]], [[future]] of [[ἄγω]]; (cf. [[Curtius]], §§ 11,266)), the [[right]]: ἡ [[δεξιά]] [[χείρ]], [[χείρ]] omitted) ἡ [[δεξιά]] ([[like]] ἡ [[ἀριστερά]]), [[ἐπί]] [[τήν]] δεξιάν (on the [[right]] [[hand]] i. e.) at the [[right]] [[side]], διδόναι [[τήν]] δεξιάν or τάς δεξιᾶς, to [[pledge]] [[either]] a [[mutual]] [[friendship]], or a [[compact]], by joining the [[right]] hands: [[Xenophon]], an. 1,6, 6; 2,5, 3; Josephus, Antiquities 18,9, 3 δεξιάν τέ καί πίστιν διδόναι τίνι); God is said to [[have]] done [[something]] τῇ [[δεξιά]] [[αὐτοῦ]] [[with]] his [[right]] [[hand]] i. e., according to [[Hebrew]] idiom, by his [[own]] [[power]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, 214 (201)): τά ὅπλα τά [[δεξιά]], [[arms]] carried in the [[right]] [[hand]] and used for [[attack]], as the [[sword]], the [[spear]], καί [[ἀριστερά]] those carried in the [[left]] [[hand]], for the [[purpose]] of defense, as the [[shield]]: τά [[δεξιά]] μέρη [[τοῦ]] πλοίου, τά [[δεξιά]] the [[right]] [[side]] (Winer's Grammar, 176 (166)): ἐκ δεξιῶν τίνος on [[one]]'s [[right]] [[hand]] (Latin ad alicuius dextram), [[εἶναι]], ἐκ, so the Hebrews [[sometimes]] [[use]] מִן (מִימִין from i. e. at the [[right]], פְּ מֵאֵצֶל from i. e. at the [[side]] of anyone) and the Romans ab (sedere a dextra alicuis, proximum esse ab aliquo), [[because]] [[they]] [[define]] the [[position]] of [[one]] [[standing]] or [[sitting]] [[next]] [[another]] by [[proceeding]] from the [[one]] [[next]] to whom he is said to [[stand]] or [[sit]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, 367 (344)). καθίσαι ἐκ δεξιῶν καί ἐξ εὐωνύμων τίνος βασιλέως, to [[occupy]] the places of honor nearest the [[king]], יָשַׁב פְּ לִימִין, καθῆσθαι or καθίσαι ἐκ δεξιῶν (at or on the [[right]] [[hand]]) of God, [[εἶναι]] or καθίσαι ἐν [[δεξιά]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ, [[become]] a [[partner]] in God's [[universal]] [[government]] (cf. Knapp, De J. Chr. ad dextram dei sedente, in his Scripts var. arg., p. 41ff; (Stuart, Commentary on Hebrews , excurs. iv.)). That these expressions are to be understood in [[this]] figurative [[sense]], and [[not]] of a [[fixed]] and [[definite]] [[place]] in the [[highest]] heavens (as Chr. From Fritzsche in Nov. Opuscc. acad., p. 209ff tries to [[prove]], [[after]] the orthodox theologians of the reformed [[church]]), [[will]] be questioned by no [[one]] [[who]] [[carefully]] considers [[ἑστώς]] ἐκ δεξιῶν [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ, as [[though]] in [[indignation]] at his adversaries (according to others, to [[welcome]] his martyred [[servant]]) he had risen from his [[heavenly]] [[throne]], Acts 7:55f. | |||
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Revision as of 18:01, 28 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ά, όν,
A on the right hand or side, opp. ἀριστερός, δ. μαζός, γλουτός, ὦμος, Il.4.481, 5.66, Od.17.462; τὸ δ. (sc. κέρας) the right of an army, X.Ages.2.9, etc.: freq. in adverb. usages, ἐπὶ δεξιά on or to the right, νωμῆσαι βῶν Il.7.238, cf. Hdt.1.51; ἐν τῷ ἐπὶ δ. τοῦ ὀπισθοδόμου IG12.92.55; ἐπὶ δεξιόφιν (Ep. gen.) towards the right, Il.13.308; χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δ. S.Fr.598, cf. Arist.Pr.943b29; ἀπὸ τῶν δ. Id.Cael.284b28; ἐν τοῖς δ. Ev.Marc.16.5; ἐκ δεξιῶν Hero Aut.26.4, Ev.Matt.20.21, al.; ἐπὶ δ. χειρός Theoc.25.18; κατὰ δ. χειρός Arat. 707; πρὸς δ. Hdt.7.69; εἰς δεξιά Pl.Ti.43b; δεξιά as Adv., Plb.3.82.9 (s. v.l.). II fortunate, esp. of the flight of birds and other omens, δ. ὄρνις Il.13.821, cf. Od.2.154, A.Pr.489, Michel727 (Ephesus); ἀοιδὰν . . δεξιωτάταν ὀπαδόν Pi.N.3.8; βροντή X.Cyr.7.1.3. Adv. -ῶς Hdn.3.9.12. III Astron., northerly, Cleom.1.1. IV metaph., dexterous, ready, skilful, clever, Pi.I.5(4).61, Ar.Nu.428, 834, al., Th.3.82, etc.; δεξιὸν ποιεῖν a clever thing, Antipho 1.19; Εὐριπίδου δρᾶμα δεξιώτατον Stratt.1; δ. περὶ τὰς δίκας Pl.Hipparch. 225c. Adv. -ιῶς Antiph.229.2; δ. ἔχειν πρός τι Plu.2.660a; δ. φέρειν in the right spirit, Phld.Lib.pp.18,41 O.: Sup. δεξιώτατα Ar.Nu. 148. V courteous, kindly, Luc.Nec.13, Alex.57; τὸ δ. καὶ ἐπιεικές Gal.14.296. Adv. -ιῶς ib.211. (Cf. Skt. dák[snull ]iṇas, Lat. dexter, etc.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 546] rechts; Wurzel Δεκ-, verwandt δέκομαι, δἐχομαι; Nebenform δεξιτερός, Latein. dexter; Sanskrit dahshas »tüchtig«, »tauglich«, dakshinas »rechts«. Zunächst war δεξιός Bezeichnung der rechten Hand, welche zum Empfangen, Fassen, δέχεσθαι, tauglicher ist als die linke Hand, δεξιὰ χείρ wörtlich »die zum Fassen geeignete, bestimmte Hand«; von der Hand wurde diese Bezeichnung sodann auf alles dieser Seite Angehörige ausgedehnt; vgl. s. v. δέκα und Curtius Grundzüge der Griech. Etymol. 1, 55. 104. 200. 2, 315. Mit χείρ scheint δεξιός, δεξιὰ χείρ, bei Homer nicht vorzukommen; start dessen sagt er δεξιτερὴ χείρ, s. δεξιτερός. Aber substantwirt δεξιά »die Rechte« start »die rechte Hand« Iliad. 10, 542, τοὶ δὲ χαρέντες δεξιῇ ἠσπάζοντο ἔπεσσί τε μειλιχίοισιν; übertragen auf den durch Handschlag der Rechten bekräftigten Vertrag, Iliad. 2, 341. 4, 159 σπονδαί τ' ἄκρητοι καὶ δεξιαί, ᾗς ἐπέπιθμεν. Von anderen Körpertheilen: δεξιὸν ὦμον Odyss. 17, 462, μαζὸν δεξιόν Iliad. 4, 481, γλουτὸν δεξιόν Iliad. 13, 651. Von der rechten Seite im Allgemeinen: Iliad. 7, 238 οἶδ' ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν ἀζαλέην; Iliad. 13, 308 πῇ τ' ἂρ μέμονας καταδῦναι ὅμιλον; ἦ ἐπὶ δεξιόφιν παντὸς στρατοῦ, ἦ ἀνὰ μέσσους, ἦ ἐπ' ἀριστερόφιν; von einem auf der rechten Seite des Gespanns gehenden Pferde, Iliad. 23. 336 αὐτὸς δὲ κλινθῆναι ἐυπλέκτῳ ἐνὶ δίφρῳ ἦκ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ τοῖιν· ἀτὰρ τὸν δεξιὸν ἵππον κένσαι ὁμοκλήσας, εἶξαί τέ οἱ ἡνία χερσίν. ἐν νύσσῃ δέ τοι ἱππος ἀριστερὸς ἐγχριμφθήτω. Die rechte Seite war bei den Griechischen Wahrsagern die glückliche; der Wahrsager stand mit dem Gesichte nach Norden, rechts war Osten: Iliad. 12, 239 τύνη δ' οἰωνοῖσι κελεύεις πείθεσθαι, τῶν οὔ τι μετατρέπομ' οὐδ· ἀλεγίζω, εἴτ' ἐπὶ δεξί' ἴωσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε, εἴτ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ τοίγε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα, vgl. Lehrs Aristarch. p. 177. Daher Iliad. 13, 821 δεξιὸς ὄρνις = ein Glück verkündender, ἃς ἄρα οἱ εἰπόντι ἐπέπτατο δεξιὸς ὄρνις, αίετὸς ὑψιπέτης; Odyss. 24, 312 ἦ τέ οἱ ἐσθλοὶ ἔσαν ὄρνιθες ἰόντι, δεξιοί; Iliad. 24, 294 οἰωνὸν δεξιόν; 10, 274 τοῖσι δὲ δεξιὸν ἧκεν ἐρωδιὸν Παλλάς; Odyss. 2, 154 Iliad. 24, 320. Vgl. ἐνδέξιος und ἐπιδέξιος. – Folgende: 1) rechter Hand, auf der rechten Seite, Ggstz von links, überall; zur Rechten, τοῦ Ἑλλησπόντου Her. 6, 37; ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιά 2, 36; τὰ ἐπὶ δεξιά Plat. Conv. 177 d u. öfter; ἐκ τῶν δεξιῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀριστερά Tim. 77 e; εἰς δεξιά 43 b; vgl. Rep. IV, 436 c; εἰς τὰ δεξιὰ χειρός Soph. frg. 527 d; ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Theocr. 25, 18; κατὰ δεξιὰ χειρός Arat. Phaen. 706; δεξιά, rechts, Pol. 3, 82. Das fem. gew. ohne χείρ, die Rechte; ἐκ δεξιᾶς Ar. Equ. 631; Plat. Euthyd. 271 a; ἐν δεξιᾷ Her. 7, 217; Thuc. 3, 24; Plat. Phaed. 89 a; τὰ ἐν δεξιᾷ Phaedr. 266 e u. öfter; bes. als Ortsbestimmung, ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχειν, oft Thuc., auch λαβεῖν, 7, 1; πορεύεσθαι τὴν εἰς δεξιάν Plat. Rep. X, 614 c; ἐπὶ δεξιᾷ Arist. – Zeichen der Zusage, Handschlag, Zusicherung, δεξιὰν διδόναι καὶ λαμβάνειν, Versprechungen leisten u. empfangen, d. i. Verträge mit einander schließen, Xen. An. 1, 6, 6 u. öfter; φέρειν 2, 4, 1, Versprechungen überbringen; πέμπειν Ages. 3, 4. – 2) = αἴσιος, Glück verkündend, günstig; Aesch. Prom. 489; Eur. Phoen. 1189; ἀετός Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 1; An. 9, 23; βροντή Cyr. 7, 1, 3. – 3) geschickt, gewandt, im Ggstz des Linkischen, auch = gescheidt, klug; δεξιὸς νόῳ ἀντίπαλος Pind. I. 4, 61; δεξιώτατος ἀρετᾶν ὀπαδός N. 3, 8; ἔθνος δεξιώτερον Her. 1, 60; οἱ πολλοὶ κακουργοὶ ὄντες δεξιοὶ κέκληνται Thuc. 3, 82; öfter bei Ar., der δεξιοὶ καὶ χρηστοί vrbdt, Plut. 387; δεξιὸς ποιητής, θεατής, Ran. 71 Nubb. 513; λέγειν δεξιόν τι, etwas gescheidtes sagen, Equ. 96; δεξιώτατα εἰπεῖν Eccl. 159; vgl. Nubb. 149; Plat. δεξιὰ καὶ κομψά Legg . I, 634 a; περὶ τὰς δίκας Hipp. 225 c; τινὶ πρός τι, behülflich zu etwas, Luc. Necyom. 13.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
δεξιός: -ά, -όν, (ἴδε ἐν τέλ.), =ὁ ἐν δεξιᾷ, ἐπὶ τῆς δεξιᾶς, πρὸς τὴν δεξιὰν χεῖρα, ἀντίθ. τῷ ἀριστερός, δ. μαζός, γλουτός, κτλ., Ὁμ. κτλ.· τὸ δ. (ἐνν. κέρας) =τὸ δεξιὸν μέρος στρατοῦ, Ξεν. Ἀγησ. 2. 9, κτλ.· πρβλ. δεξιτερός· ― συχνάκις ἐπιρρηματικῶς : ἐπὶ δεξιὰ = εἰς τὰ δεξιά, ὡς τὸ Ἀττ. ἐν δεξιᾷ (ἴδε ἐν λ. δεξιά), Ἰλ. Η. 238, κτλ.· ἐπὶ δεξιόφιν (ἐπ. γεν.) = πρὸς τὰ δεξιά, Ν. 308· μετέπειτα ὡσαύτως, χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιὰ Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 527· ἐπὶ δ. χειρὸς Θεόκρ. 25, 18· (ὡς ἐπ’ ἀριστερὰ χειρὸς παρ’ Ὁμ.)· πρὸς δεξιὰ Ἡρόδ. 1. 51., 7. 89: πρβλ. ἐπὶ πᾶσι δεξιά. ΙΙ. εὐτυχής, αἴσιος, καλὸν προμηνύων, ἰδίως ἐπὶ τῆς πτήσεως πτηνῶν καὶ ἄλλων οἰωνῶν, δεξιὸς ὄρνις, =αἴσιος, συχνὸν παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ. ―Αὕτη ἡ ἔννοια προῆλθεν ἐκ τῆς συνηθείας τῶν Ἑλλήνων οἰωνοσκόπων, οἵτινες ἔβλεπον πρὸς βορρᾶν, ὥστε οἱ αἴσιοι οἰωνοί, οἵτινες ἤρχοντο ἐξ ἀνατολῶν, ἦσαν δεξιοὶ ἢ ἐκ δεξιῶν, οἱ δὲ ἀπαίσιοι οἱ ἐκ δυσμῶν ἐρχόμενοι ἦσαν ἀριστεροὶ ἢ ἐξ ἀριστερῶν. Παρὰ τοῖς Ρωμαίοις τοὐναντίον οἵτινες ἔβλεπον πρὸς νότον (Λίβ. 1. 18), οἱ καλοὶ οἰωνοὶ ἤρχοντο ἐξ ἀριστερῶν (laeva prospera existimantur, Πλίν. 2. 55)· ἀλλ’ οἱ ποιηταὶ αὐτῶν κατὰ τὸ πλεῖστον ἠκολούθησαν τῇ Ἑλληνικῇ χρήσει, ἴδε Coningt. Virg. G. 4. 7. Ἐκ τῆς παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι προτιμήσεως τῆς δεξιᾶς χειρὸς ἐθεωρεῖτο εὐοίωνον καὶ αἴσιον νὰ δίδηται ὁ οἷνος ἀπὸ τῶν ἀριστερῶν πρὸς τὰ δεξιά, Ἰλ. Α. 597· οὕτω καὶ ἐν τῇ διανομῇ κλήρων, ἐν τῇ περὶ τὴν τράπεζαν ἐπαιτείᾳ, πρβλ. Η. 184, Ὀδ. Ρ. 365., Φ. 141, Θέογν. 938· ἴδε ἐνδέξιος, ἐπιδέξιος. ΙΙΙ. μεταφορ. = δεξιός, ἕτοιμος, πρόθυμος, ἀντίθ. τῷ σκαιός (sinister. γαλλιστὶ gauche)· καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ νοῦ = ὀξύς, εὐφυής, πανοῦργος, πρῶτον παρὰ Πινδ. Ι. 5. 77 (4. 61), ὅστις ἔχει καὶ ὑπερθ. ἐπὶ ταύτης τῆς ἐννοίας, Ν. 3. 12· ἀκολούθως συχνὰ παρ’ Ἀριστοφ. ἐπί τε προσώπων καὶ πραγμάτων, ὡς ἐν Νεφ. 428, 834· ὡσαύτως παρὰ πεζοῖς, Θουκ. 3. 82, κτλ.· δεξιὸν ποιεῖν, εὐφυὲς πρᾶγμα, Ἀντιφῶν. 113. 26· Εὐριπίδου δρᾶμα δεξιώτατον Στράττ. Ἀνθρ. 1· δ. περί τι Πλάτ. Ἱππάρχ. 225C: ― Ἐπίρρ. δεξιῶς Ἀντιφ. Ἀδήλ. 5, κτλ.· ὑπερθ. δεξιώτατα Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 148. (Ἐκ. τῆς √ΔΕΞ, ἥτις εἶναι ἐκτεταμένος τύπος τῆς ΔΕΧ (δέχομαι, πρβλ. δεξιάζω), παράγεται καὶ τὸ δεξιτερός· πρβλ. Σανσκρ. daksh-inas (ad dextram), Λατ. dex-ter, ὑπερθ. dextimus· Γοτθ. traihs-v ô (δεξιά)· Παλαιο-Γερμ. zes-awa, ἐπίθ. zes-o).
French (Bailly abrégé)
ά, όν :
I. qui est à droite, placé à droite : χεὶρ δεξιά la main droite ; adv. • ἐπὶ δεξιᾷ, ou • ἐπὶ δεξιόφιν locat., • ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιά, sur la droite, à droite ; • πρὸς δεξιά, vers la droite ; ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός THCR vers la droite, à droite;
II. p. suite :
1 de bon augure, favorable, les Grecs regardant le vol des oiseaux comme favorable, lorsqu’ils venaient à la droite de l’observateur tourné vers le nord, càd de l’est;
2 qui a de la dextérité, adroit, industrieux, habile (p. opp. à gauche, maladroit) : τινι πρός τι LUC qui vient adroitement en aide à qqn pour qch;
Cp. δεξιώτερος, Sp. δεξιώτατος.
Étymologie: R. Δεκ ou Δεχ, recevoir ; cf. lat. dexter.
English (Autenrieth)
right-hand side, hence propitious (cf. ἀριστερός), ὄρνῖς, Od. 15.160; ἐπὶ δεξιά, δεξιόφιν, ‘on the right,’ Il. 13.308.
English (Slater)
δεξιός
a clever, dextrous αἰνέω καὶ Πυθέαν χερσὶ δεξιόν, νόῳ ἀντίπαλον (I. 5.61) ἀοιδὰν, στεφάνων ἀρετᾶν τε δεξιωτάταν ὀπαδόν (N. 3.8)
b right as opposed to left. δεξιὰν κατὰ χεῖρα πατρὸς fr. 146. 2. n. pl. pro subs., σχεθών νιν ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός (= ἐνδεξιωσάμενος πατέρα, Schr.) (P. 6.19)
English (Strong)
from δέχομαι; the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes): right (hand, side).
English (Thayer)
δεξιά, δεξιόν (from δέχομαι, future δέξομαι, or from δέκω, which is akin to δείκνυμι; properly, of that hand which is accustomed to take told of as well as to point out; just as ἄξιος comes from ἄξω, future of ἄγω; (cf. Curtius, §§ 11,266)), the right: ἡ δεξιά χείρ, χείρ omitted) ἡ δεξιά (like ἡ ἀριστερά), ἐπί τήν δεξιάν (on the right hand i. e.) at the right side, διδόναι τήν δεξιάν or τάς δεξιᾶς, to pledge either a mutual friendship, or a compact, by joining the right hands: Xenophon, an. 1,6, 6; 2,5, 3; Josephus, Antiquities 18,9, 3 δεξιάν τέ καί πίστιν διδόναι τίνι); God is said to have done something τῇ δεξιά αὐτοῦ with his right hand i. e., according to Hebrew idiom, by his own power (cf. Winer's Grammar, 214 (201)): τά ὅπλα τά δεξιά, arms carried in the right hand and used for attack, as the sword, the spear, καί ἀριστερά those carried in the left hand, for the purpose of defense, as the shield: τά δεξιά μέρη τοῦ πλοίου, τά δεξιά the right side (Winer's Grammar, 176 (166)): ἐκ δεξιῶν τίνος on one's right hand (Latin ad alicuius dextram), εἶναι, ἐκ, so the Hebrews sometimes use מִן (מִימִין from i. e. at the right, פְּ מֵאֵצֶל from i. e. at the side of anyone) and the Romans ab (sedere a dextra alicuis, proximum esse ab aliquo), because they define the position of one standing or sitting next another by proceeding from the one next to whom he is said to stand or sit (cf. Winer's Grammar, 367 (344)). καθίσαι ἐκ δεξιῶν καί ἐξ εὐωνύμων τίνος βασιλέως, to occupy the places of honor nearest the king, יָשַׁב פְּ לִימִין, καθῆσθαι or καθίσαι ἐκ δεξιῶν (at or on the right hand) of God, εἶναι or καθίσαι ἐν δεξιά τοῦ Θεοῦ, become a partner in God's universal government (cf. Knapp, De J. Chr. ad dextram dei sedente, in his Scripts var. arg., p. 41ff; (Stuart, Commentary on Hebrews , excurs. iv.)). That these expressions are to be understood in this figurative sense, and not of a fixed and definite place in the highest heavens (as Chr. From Fritzsche in Nov. Opuscc. acad., p. 209ff tries to prove, after the orthodox theologians of the reformed church), will be questioned by no one who carefully considers ἑστώς ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ, as though in indignation at his adversaries (according to others, to welcome his martyred servant) he had risen from his heavenly throne, Acts 7:55f.