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ἡ πρὸς τοὺς ἄρρενας συνουσίαpassionate friendship between males

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{{LaEn
|lnetxt=sub PREP ABL :: under, beneath, behind, at the foot of (rest); within; during, about (time)<br />sub sub PREP ACC :: under; up to, up under, close to (of motion); until, before, up to, about
}}
{{Lewis
{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>sŭb</b>: (on the form sus from subs<br /><b>I</b><br /> v. [[infra]], III.), prep. [[with]] acc. and abl. [perh. for es-ub, ens-ub, = [[ἐνς]] ([[εις]]) and [[ὑπό]]; Sanscr. upa; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 290], under.<br /><b>I</b> With abl., to [[point]] [[out]] the [[object]] under [[which]] a [[thing]] is [[situated]] or takes [[place]] (Gr. ὑπό, [[with]] dat. or gen.), under, [[below]], [[beneath]], [[underneath]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of [[space]]: si essent, qui sub terrā [[semper]] habitavissent ... nec [[tamen]] exissent [[umquam]] [[supra]] terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95; Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 72: sub aquā, id. Cas. 2, 6, 28: sub vestimentis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 32; Liv. 1, 58; cf.: [[saepe]] est sub palliolo [[sordido]] [[sapientia]], Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 56: [[ingenium]] [[ingens]] Inculto [[latet]] hoc sub corpore, Hor. S. 1, 3, 34: sub pellibus hiemare, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 5; cf. Liv. 23, 18, 15: manet sub Jove [[frigido]] Venator, Hor. C. 1, 1, 25: sub divo moreris, id. ib. 2, 3, 23: vitam sub divo agat, id. ib. 3, 2, 5 (v. [[divus]], II.): sub terrā vivi demissi sunt, Liv. 22, 57: sub hoc jugo [[dictator]] Aequos misit, id. 3, 28, 11: [[pone]] (me) sub curru [[nimium]] propinqui Solis, Hor. C. 1, 22, 21 et saep.— Trop.: non parvum sub hoc verbo [[furtum]] [[latet]], Cic. Agr. 3, 3, 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., of [[lofty]] objects, at the [[foot]] of [[which]], or in whose [[immediate]] neighborhood, [[any]] [[thing]] is [[situated]], under, [[below]], [[beneath]], at the [[foot]] of, at, by, [[near]], [[before]]: sub monte consedit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48; so, sub monte considere, id. ib. 1, 21: sub colle constituere, id. ib. 7, 49: sub montis radicibus esse, id. ib. 7, 36 al.: sub ipsis Numantiae moenibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17: est [[ager]] sub urbe, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 107; so, sub urbe, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 26; Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Hor. C. 3, 19, 4: sub Veteribus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 19: sub Novis, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266 Orell. N. cr.; id. Ac. 2, 22, 70 Goer. N. cr.; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 59 Müll.: sub basilicā, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 11 et saep.—Trop.: sub oculis domini suam probare operam studebant, Caes. B. C. 1, 57 fin.: omnia sub oculis erant, Liv. 4, 28; cf. Vell. 2, 21, 3: classem sub ipso [[ore]] urbis incendit, Flor. 2, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of [[time]], in, [[within]], [[during]], at, by: ne sub ipsā profectione milites [[oppidum]] irrumperent, Caes. B. C. 1, 27: sub decessu suo, Hirt. B. G. 8, 49: sub [[luce]], Ov. M. 1, 494; Hor. A. P. 363; Liv. 25, 24: sub [[eodem]] tempore, Ov. F. 5, 491: sub somno, Cels. 3, 18 med. al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, [[where]] [[existence]] under or in the [[immediate]] [[vicinity]] of [[any]] [[thing]] [[may]] be conceived.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Under, in [[rank]] or [[order]]; [[hence]], [[next]] to, [[immediately]] [[after]]: Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo [[deinde]] sub ipso Ecce volat calcemque terit jam calce Diores, Verg. A. 5, 322.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen., of [[subjection]], [[domination]], [[stipulation]], [[influence]], [[effect]], [[reason]], etc., under, [[beneath]], [[with]]: omnes ordine sub signis ducam legiones meas, under my standards, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71: sub armis vitam cernere, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll. (Trag. v. 297 Vahl.); so, sub armis, Caes. B. C. 1, 41; 1, 42: sub sarcinis, id. B. G. 2, 17; 3, 24: sub onere, id. B. C. 1, 66 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop., under, [[subject]] to, in the [[power]] of; [[during]], in the [[time]] of, [[upon]], etc.: sub Veneris [[regno]] [[vapulo]], non sub Jovis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 13: sub [[regno]] esse, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: sub imperio alicujus esse, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 4: sub dicione [[atque]] imperio alicujus esse, Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Auct. B. Alex. 66, 6; Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Con. 4, 4; id. Eum. 7, 1; cf.: sub Corbulone Armenios pellere, Tac. H. 3, 24: sub manu alicujus esse, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 2; sub rege, Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43; Hor. C. 3, 5, 9: sub Hannibale, Liv. 25, 40: sub dominā meretrice, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 25: sub nutrice, id. ib. 2, 1, 99: sub judice lis est, id. A. P. 78: praecipua sub Domitiano miseriarum [[pars]] erat, [[during]] the [[reign]] of, Tac. Agr. 45: scripsit sub Nerone novissimis annis, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5: [[gnarus]] sub Nerone temporum, Tac. Agr. 6; Suet. Tit. 8 et saep.: sub vulnere, from the [[effects]] of the [[wound]], Ov. M. 5, 62; cf.: sub judice, under, id. ib. 13, 190: nullo sub indice, [[forced]] by no [[betrayer]], id. ib. 13, 34.—So in [[certain]] phrases [[where]] the [[simple]] abl. is [[more]] freq.: sub pacto abolitionis dominationem deponere, Quint. 9, 2, 97: sub condicione, Liv. 6, 40, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.: sub condicionibus, id. 21, 12, 4: sub eā condicione, ne cui fidem meam obstringam, Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11: sub eā condicione, si esset, etc., id. ib. 8, 18, 4; so, sub condicione, ut (ne, si, etc.), Suet. Tib. 44; 13; id. Caes. 68; id. Claud. 24; id. Vit. 6: sub specie (= specie, or per speciem): sub specie infidae pacis quieti, Liv. 9, 45, 5; 36, 7, 12; 44, 24, 4: sub tutelae specie, Curt. 10, 6, 21; Sen. Ben. 1, 4, 2; cf.: sub nomine pacis [[bellum]] [[latet]], Cic. Phil. 12, 7, 17: sub alienis auspiciis rem gerere, Val. Max. 3, 2, 6: sub lege, ne, Suet. Aug. 21: sub exceptione, si, id. Caes. 78: sub poenā mortis, id. Calig. 48: servitutis, id. Tib. 36 et saep.: sub [[frigido]] sudore mori, Cels. 5, 26, 31 fin. —<br /><b>II</b> With acc., to [[point]] [[out]] the [[object]] under [[which]] a [[thing]] [[comes]], goes, extends, etc. (Gr. ὑπό, [[with]] acc.), under, [[below]], [[beneath]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of [[space]], [[usually]] [[with]] verbs of [[motion]]: et datores et factores omnes subdam sub [[solum]], Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 18: manum sub vestimenta deferre, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 78: cum tota se [[luna]] sub orbem solis subjecisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25: exercitum sub jugum mittere, Caes. B. G. 1, 7; 1, 12; Sall. J. 38, 9 Dietsch ad loc.: sub furcam [[ire]], Hor. S. 2, 7, 66: sub [[divum]] rapere, id. C. 1, 18, 13: sub terras [[ire]], Verg. A. 4, 654. —Trop.: sub judicium sapientis et delectum cadunt, Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 61: quae sub [[sensus]] subjecta sunt, id. Ac. 2, 23, 74: [[quod]] sub aurium mensuram [[aliquam]] cadat, id. Or. 20, 67: columbae Ipsa sub ora viri venere, Verg. A. 6, 191: [[quod]] sub oculos venit, Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 6.—Rarely [[with]] [[verb]] of [[rest]]: [[quidquid]] sub Noton et Borean hominum sumus, Luc. 7, 364.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf. (cf. [[supra]], I. A. 2.), of [[lofty]] objects, to the [[foot]] of [[which]], or [[into]] whose [[immediate]] neighborhood, [[any]] [[thing]] [[comes]], or [[near]] to [[which]] it extends, under, [[below]], [[beneath]], to, [[near]] to, [[close]] to, up to, [[towards]], etc.: sub montem succedunt milites, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: sub ipsum murum [[fons]] aquae prorumpebat, Hirt. B. G. 8, 41: missi sunt sub muros, Liv. 44, 45: Judaei sub ipsos muros struxere aciem, Tac. H. 5, 11; 3, 21: [[aedes]] suas detulit sub Veliam, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54: arat finem sub utrumque [[colonus]], Hor. S. 2, 1, 35: jactatus [[amnis]] [[Ostia]] sub [[Tusci]], id. ib. 2, 2, 33: (hostem) mediam ferit ense sub alvum, Ov. M. 12, 389: sub orientem secutus Armenios, Flor. 3, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of [[time]], denoting a [[close]] [[approximation]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Before, [[towards]], [[about]], [[shortly]] [[before]], up to, [[until]]: [[Pompeius]] sub noctem naves solvit, Caes. B. C. 1, 28; so, sub noctem, Verg. A. 1, 662; Hor. C. 1, 9, 19; id. S. 2, 1, 9; 2, 7, 109; id. Ep. 2, 2, 169: sub vesperum, Caes. B. G. 2, 33; id. B. C. 1, 42: sub lucem, id. B. G. 7, 83; Verg. G. 1, 445: sub lumina prima, Hor. S. 2, 7, 33: sub [[tempus]] edendi, id. Ep. 1, 16, 22: sub [[dies]] festos, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: sub galli cantum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 10: [[usque]] sub extremum brumae [[intractabilis]] imbrem, Verg. G. 1, 211: simulacra Visa sub obscurum noctis, id. ib. 1, 478: prima vel autumni sub frigora, id. ib. 2, 321: [[quod]] ([[bellum]]) fuit sub recentem pacem, Liv. 21, 2, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After, [[immediately]] [[after]], [[just]] [[after]], [[immediately]] [[upon]]: sub eas (litteras) [[statim]] recitatae sunt tuae, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4: sub haec dicta omnes procubuerunt, Liv. 7, 31: sub adventum praetoris, id. 23, 15, 1; 23, 16, 3; 45, 10, 10: sub hanc vocem [[fremitus]] variantis multitudinis fuit, id. 35, 31: sub hoc [[erus]] inquit, [[hereupon]], Hor. S. 2, 8, 43.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, in [[which]] a [[coming]] under [[any]] [[thing]] [[may]] be conceived: [[lepide]] hoc succedit sub [[manus]] [[negotium]], [[comes]] to [[hand]], [[convenient]], Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 59: sub [[manus]] succedere, id. ib. 4, 4, 7; id. Pers. 4, 1, 2: sub manum submittere, at [[hand]], [[convenient]], Auct. B. Afr. 36, 1: sub ictum venire, Liv. 27, 18: sub manum annuntiari, Suet. Aug. 49 (al. sub manu; cf. [[supra]], I. C.): sub legum et judiciorum potestatem cadere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144: sub populi Romani [[imperium]] dicionemque cadere, id. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2): incolas sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere, Nep. Milt. 1: [[matrimonium]] vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis, Liv. 4, 4: sub unum fortunae ictum totas [[vires]] regni cadere pati, Curt. 3, 8, 2.—<br /><b>III</b> In [[composition]], the b [[remains]] unchanged [[before]] [[vowels]] and [[before]] b, d, j, l, n, s, t, v. Before m and r it is [[frequently]], and [[before]] the [[remaining]] [[consonants]], c, f, g, p, it is [[regularly]] assimilated. Yet here the MSS. [[vary]], as in ob, ad, in, etc. Before [[some]] words commencing [[with]] c. p, t, it assumes the form sus, by the [[rejection]] of the b from a collateral form subs (analog. to abs); e. g. [[suscipio]], [[suscito]], [[suspendo]], [[sustineo]], [[sustuli]], [[sustollo]]. Before s, [[with]] a [[following]] consonant, [[there]] [[remains]] [[merely]] su in the words [[suspicio]], [[suspicor]], [[suspiro]]; cf., [[however]]: [[substerno]], [[substituo]], [[substo]], [[substruo]] al.; v. esp. Neue, Formenl. 2, 775 sqq.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In [[composition]], sub denotes,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lit., a [[being]] [[situated]] or contained under, a putting or [[bringing]] under, or a [[going]] in under [[any]] [[thing]]: [[subaeratus]], subcavus; [[subdo]], [[subigo]], [[subicio]]; [[subhaereo]], [[subaperio]]; [[subedo]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hence, also, a concealing or [[being]] [[concealed]] [[behind]] [[something]]; a [[secret]] [[action]]: [[subnoto]], [[surripio]], [[suffuror]], [[subausculto]], [[suborno]]. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., a [[being]] placed or ranked under: subcenturio, subcurator, subcustos, etc.; or a [[being]] or doing [[any]] [[thing]] in a [[lower]] or [[inferior]] [[degree]], a [[little]], [[somewhat]], [[rather]], [[slightly]]: [[subabsurdus]], [[subagrestis]], [[subalbus]], etc.; subaccusare, [[subirascor]], etc.
|lshtext=<b>sŭb</b>: (on the form sus from subs<br /><b>I</b><br /> v. [[infra]], III.), prep. [[with]] acc. and abl. [perh. for es-ub, ens-ub, = [[ἐνς]] ([[εις]]) and [[ὑπό]]; Sanscr. upa; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 290], under.<br /><b>I</b> With abl., to [[point]] [[out]] the [[object]] under [[which]] a [[thing]] is [[situated]] or takes [[place]] (Gr. ὑπό, [[with]] dat. or gen.), under, [[below]], [[beneath]], [[underneath]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of [[space]]: si essent, qui sub terrā [[semper]] habitavissent ... nec [[tamen]] exissent [[umquam]] [[supra]] terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95; Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 72: sub aquā, id. Cas. 2, 6, 28: sub vestimentis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 32; Liv. 1, 58; cf.: [[saepe]] est sub palliolo [[sordido]] [[sapientia]], Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 56: [[ingenium]] [[ingens]] Inculto [[latet]] hoc sub corpore, Hor. S. 1, 3, 34: sub pellibus hiemare, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 5; cf. Liv. 23, 18, 15: manet sub Jove [[frigido]] Venator, Hor. C. 1, 1, 25: sub divo moreris, id. ib. 2, 3, 23: vitam sub divo agat, id. ib. 3, 2, 5 (v. [[divus]], II.): sub terrā vivi demissi sunt, Liv. 22, 57: sub hoc jugo [[dictator]] Aequos misit, id. 3, 28, 11: [[pone]] (me) sub curru [[nimium]] propinqui Solis, Hor. C. 1, 22, 21 et saep.— Trop.: non parvum sub hoc verbo [[furtum]] [[latet]], Cic. Agr. 3, 3, 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., of [[lofty]] objects, at the [[foot]] of [[which]], or in whose [[immediate]] neighborhood, [[any]] [[thing]] is [[situated]], under, [[below]], [[beneath]], at the [[foot]] of, at, by, [[near]], [[before]]: sub monte consedit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48; so, sub monte considere, id. ib. 1, 21: sub colle constituere, id. ib. 7, 49: sub montis radicibus esse, id. ib. 7, 36 al.: sub ipsis Numantiae moenibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17: est [[ager]] sub urbe, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 107; so, sub urbe, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 26; Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Hor. C. 3, 19, 4: sub Veteribus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 19: sub Novis, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266 Orell. N. cr.; id. Ac. 2, 22, 70 Goer. N. cr.; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 59 Müll.: sub basilicā, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 11 et saep.—Trop.: sub oculis domini suam probare operam studebant, Caes. B. C. 1, 57 fin.: omnia sub oculis erant, Liv. 4, 28; cf. Vell. 2, 21, 3: classem sub ipso [[ore]] urbis incendit, Flor. 2, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of [[time]], in, [[within]], [[during]], at, by: ne sub ipsā profectione milites [[oppidum]] irrumperent, Caes. B. C. 1, 27: sub decessu suo, Hirt. B. G. 8, 49: sub [[luce]], Ov. M. 1, 494; Hor. A. P. 363; Liv. 25, 24: sub [[eodem]] tempore, Ov. F. 5, 491: sub somno, Cels. 3, 18 med. al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, [[where]] [[existence]] under or in the [[immediate]] [[vicinity]] of [[any]] [[thing]] [[may]] be conceived.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Under, in [[rank]] or [[order]]; [[hence]], [[next]] to, [[immediately]] [[after]]: Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo [[deinde]] sub ipso Ecce volat calcemque terit jam calce Diores, Verg. A. 5, 322.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen., of [[subjection]], [[domination]], [[stipulation]], [[influence]], [[effect]], [[reason]], etc., under, [[beneath]], [[with]]: omnes ordine sub signis ducam legiones meas, under my standards, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71: sub armis vitam cernere, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll. (Trag. v. 297 Vahl.); so, sub armis, Caes. B. C. 1, 41; 1, 42: sub sarcinis, id. B. G. 2, 17; 3, 24: sub onere, id. B. C. 1, 66 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop., under, [[subject]] to, in the [[power]] of; [[during]], in the [[time]] of, [[upon]], etc.: sub Veneris [[regno]] [[vapulo]], non sub Jovis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 13: sub [[regno]] esse, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: sub imperio alicujus esse, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 4: sub dicione [[atque]] imperio alicujus esse, Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Auct. B. Alex. 66, 6; Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Con. 4, 4; id. Eum. 7, 1; cf.: sub Corbulone Armenios pellere, Tac. H. 3, 24: sub manu alicujus esse, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 2; sub rege, Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43; Hor. C. 3, 5, 9: sub Hannibale, Liv. 25, 40: sub dominā meretrice, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 25: sub nutrice, id. ib. 2, 1, 99: sub judice lis est, id. A. P. 78: praecipua sub Domitiano miseriarum [[pars]] erat, [[during]] the [[reign]] of, Tac. Agr. 45: scripsit sub Nerone novissimis annis, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5: [[gnarus]] sub Nerone temporum, Tac. Agr. 6; Suet. Tit. 8 et saep.: sub vulnere, from the [[effects]] of the [[wound]], Ov. M. 5, 62; cf.: sub judice, under, id. ib. 13, 190: nullo sub indice, [[forced]] by no [[betrayer]], id. ib. 13, 34.—So in [[certain]] phrases [[where]] the [[simple]] abl. is [[more]] freq.: sub pacto abolitionis dominationem deponere, Quint. 9, 2, 97: sub condicione, Liv. 6, 40, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.: sub condicionibus, id. 21, 12, 4: sub eā condicione, ne cui fidem meam obstringam, Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11: sub eā condicione, si esset, etc., id. ib. 8, 18, 4; so, sub condicione, ut (ne, si, etc.), Suet. Tib. 44; 13; id. Caes. 68; id. Claud. 24; id. Vit. 6: sub specie (= specie, or per speciem): sub specie infidae pacis quieti, Liv. 9, 45, 5; 36, 7, 12; 44, 24, 4: sub tutelae specie, Curt. 10, 6, 21; Sen. Ben. 1, 4, 2; cf.: sub nomine pacis [[bellum]] [[latet]], Cic. Phil. 12, 7, 17: sub alienis auspiciis rem gerere, Val. Max. 3, 2, 6: sub lege, ne, Suet. Aug. 21: sub exceptione, si, id. Caes. 78: sub poenā mortis, id. Calig. 48: servitutis, id. Tib. 36 et saep.: sub [[frigido]] sudore mori, Cels. 5, 26, 31 fin. —<br /><b>II</b> With acc., to [[point]] [[out]] the [[object]] under [[which]] a [[thing]] [[comes]], goes, extends, etc. (Gr. ὑπό, [[with]] acc.), under, [[below]], [[beneath]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of [[space]], [[usually]] [[with]] verbs of [[motion]]: et datores et factores omnes subdam sub [[solum]], Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 18: manum sub vestimenta deferre, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 78: cum tota se [[luna]] sub orbem solis subjecisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25: exercitum sub jugum mittere, Caes. B. G. 1, 7; 1, 12; Sall. J. 38, 9 Dietsch ad loc.: sub furcam [[ire]], Hor. S. 2, 7, 66: sub [[divum]] rapere, id. C. 1, 18, 13: sub terras [[ire]], Verg. A. 4, 654. —Trop.: sub judicium sapientis et delectum cadunt, Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 61: quae sub [[sensus]] subjecta sunt, id. Ac. 2, 23, 74: [[quod]] sub aurium mensuram [[aliquam]] cadat, id. Or. 20, 67: columbae Ipsa sub ora viri venere, Verg. A. 6, 191: [[quod]] sub oculos venit, Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 6.—Rarely [[with]] [[verb]] of [[rest]]: [[quidquid]] sub Noton et Borean hominum sumus, Luc. 7, 364.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf. (cf. [[supra]], I. A. 2.), of [[lofty]] objects, to the [[foot]] of [[which]], or [[into]] whose [[immediate]] neighborhood, [[any]] [[thing]] [[comes]], or [[near]] to [[which]] it extends, under, [[below]], [[beneath]], to, [[near]] to, [[close]] to, up to, [[towards]], etc.: sub montem succedunt milites, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: sub ipsum murum [[fons]] aquae prorumpebat, Hirt. B. G. 8, 41: missi sunt sub muros, Liv. 44, 45: Judaei sub ipsos muros struxere aciem, Tac. H. 5, 11; 3, 21: [[aedes]] suas detulit sub Veliam, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54: arat finem sub utrumque [[colonus]], Hor. S. 2, 1, 35: jactatus [[amnis]] [[Ostia]] sub [[Tusci]], id. ib. 2, 2, 33: (hostem) mediam ferit ense sub alvum, Ov. M. 12, 389: sub orientem secutus Armenios, Flor. 3, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of [[time]], denoting a [[close]] [[approximation]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Before, [[towards]], [[about]], [[shortly]] [[before]], up to, [[until]]: [[Pompeius]] sub noctem naves solvit, Caes. B. C. 1, 28; so, sub noctem, Verg. A. 1, 662; Hor. C. 1, 9, 19; id. S. 2, 1, 9; 2, 7, 109; id. Ep. 2, 2, 169: sub vesperum, Caes. B. G. 2, 33; id. B. C. 1, 42: sub lucem, id. B. G. 7, 83; Verg. G. 1, 445: sub lumina prima, Hor. S. 2, 7, 33: sub [[tempus]] edendi, id. Ep. 1, 16, 22: sub [[dies]] festos, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: sub galli cantum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 10: [[usque]] sub extremum brumae [[intractabilis]] imbrem, Verg. G. 1, 211: simulacra Visa sub obscurum noctis, id. ib. 1, 478: prima vel autumni sub frigora, id. ib. 2, 321: [[quod]] ([[bellum]]) fuit sub recentem pacem, Liv. 21, 2, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After, [[immediately]] [[after]], [[just]] [[after]], [[immediately]] [[upon]]: sub eas (litteras) [[statim]] recitatae sunt tuae, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4: sub haec dicta omnes procubuerunt, Liv. 7, 31: sub adventum praetoris, id. 23, 15, 1; 23, 16, 3; 45, 10, 10: sub hanc vocem [[fremitus]] variantis multitudinis fuit, id. 35, 31: sub hoc [[erus]] inquit, [[hereupon]], Hor. S. 2, 8, 43.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, in [[which]] a [[coming]] under [[any]] [[thing]] [[may]] be conceived: [[lepide]] hoc succedit sub [[manus]] [[negotium]], [[comes]] to [[hand]], [[convenient]], Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 59: sub [[manus]] succedere, id. ib. 4, 4, 7; id. Pers. 4, 1, 2: sub manum submittere, at [[hand]], [[convenient]], Auct. B. Afr. 36, 1: sub ictum venire, Liv. 27, 18: sub manum annuntiari, Suet. Aug. 49 (al. sub manu; cf. [[supra]], I. C.): sub legum et judiciorum potestatem cadere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144: sub populi Romani [[imperium]] dicionemque cadere, id. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2): incolas sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere, Nep. Milt. 1: [[matrimonium]] vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis, Liv. 4, 4: sub unum fortunae ictum totas [[vires]] regni cadere pati, Curt. 3, 8, 2.—<br /><b>III</b> In [[composition]], the b [[remains]] unchanged [[before]] [[vowels]] and [[before]] b, d, j, l, n, s, t, v. Before m and r it is [[frequently]], and [[before]] the [[remaining]] [[consonants]], c, f, g, p, it is [[regularly]] assimilated. Yet here the MSS. [[vary]], as in ob, ad, in, etc. Before [[some]] words commencing [[with]] c. p, t, it assumes the form sus, by the [[rejection]] of the b from a collateral form subs (analog. to abs); e. g. [[suscipio]], [[suscito]], [[suspendo]], [[sustineo]], [[sustuli]], [[sustollo]]. Before s, [[with]] a [[following]] consonant, [[there]] [[remains]] [[merely]] su in the words [[suspicio]], [[suspicor]], [[suspiro]]; cf., [[however]]: [[substerno]], [[substituo]], [[substo]], [[substruo]] al.; v. esp. Neue, Formenl. 2, 775 sqq.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In [[composition]], sub denotes,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lit., a [[being]] [[situated]] or contained under, a putting or [[bringing]] under, or a [[going]] in under [[any]] [[thing]]: [[subaeratus]], subcavus; [[subdo]], [[subigo]], [[subicio]]; [[subhaereo]], [[subaperio]]; [[subedo]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hence, also, a concealing or [[being]] [[concealed]] [[behind]] [[something]]; a [[secret]] [[action]]: [[subnoto]], [[surripio]], [[suffuror]], [[subausculto]], [[suborno]]. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., a [[being]] placed or ranked under: subcenturio, subcurator, subcustos, etc.; or a [[being]] or doing [[any]] [[thing]] in a [[lower]] or [[inferior]] [[degree]], a [[little]], [[somewhat]], [[rather]], [[slightly]]: [[subabsurdus]], [[subagrestis]], [[subalbus]], etc.; subaccusare, [[subirascor]], etc.
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{{Gaffiot
{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>sŭb</b>⁶ <b>(subs</b>, cf. susque [[deque]] <b>)</b>, prép. avec abl. et acc.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>I</b> abl.,<br /><b>1</b> [sens local] : <b> a)</b> sous : [[sub]] [[terra]] habitare Cic. Nat. 2, 95, habiter sous terre ; [[sub]] pellibus hiemare Cæs. C. 3, 13, 5, [[passer]] l’hiver sous des tentes &#124;&#124; [[sub]] armis Cæs. C. 1, 41, 2, sous les armes ; [[sub]] sarcinis Cæs. G. 2, 17, 2, avec ses bagages, ou [[sub]] onere Cæs. C. 1, 66, 2 ; [[sub]] oculis alicujus Cæs. C. 1, 57, 4, sous les yeux de qqn ; [[sub]] [[corona]], [[sub]] [[hasta]] vendere, mettre à l’encan, v. ces mots ; [[sub]] ictu teli Liv. 28, 30, 8, à portée de trait ; [[Gallia]] [[sub]] septemtrionibus posita Cæs. G. 1, 16, 2, la Gaule située sous le septentrion &#124;&#124; [avec v. de mouv<sup>t</sup>] : [[sub]] [[terra]] demissi sunt Liv. 22, 57, 6, ils furent jetés sous terre ; [[sub]] [[jugo]] mittere Liv. 3, 28, 11, envoyer sous le joug &#124;&#124; [fig.] [[sub]] nomine [[pacis]] [[bellum]] [[latet]] Cic. Phil. 12, 17, sous le nom de paix se cache la guerre, cf. Agr. 3, 12 ; <b> b)</b> de dessous : [[sub]] [[terra]] Pl. Aul. 628, [sortir] de dessous terre, Cf. Capt. 730 ; <b> c)</b> au bas de, au pied de, près de : [[sub]] monte Cæs. G. 1, 21, 1 ; [[sub]] mœnibus Cic. Rep. 1, 17, au pied d’une montagne, des remparts ; [[sub]] Novis Cic. de Or. 2, 266, aux Boutiques Neuves (v. Novæ ); <b> d)</b> immédiatement après : Virg. En. 5, 323 ; Sen. Ep. 94, 60 ; <b> e)</b> au fond de : [[sub]] pectore Virg. En. 1, 36, au fond du cœur<br /><b>2</b> [temporel] au moment de : [[sub]] [[bruma]] Cæs. G. 5, 13, 3, au moment du solstice d’hiver, cf. C. 1, 27, 3 ; Hirt. G. 8, 49, 2 &#124;&#124; [[sub]] Domitiano Tac. Agr. 45, sous, au temps de Domitien, cf. Tac. Agr. 6 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 3, 5, 5<br /><b>3</b> [idée de sujétion] : [[sub]] [[regno]] [[esse]] Cic. Rep. 1, 60 ; Att. 7, 7, 5 ; [[sub]] rege Cic. Rep. 2, 43, être sous le régime monarchique, sous un roi ; [[sub]] alicujus dicione Cæs. G. 1, 31, 7, être sous la domination de qqn &#124;&#124; [[sub]] [[specie]] [[pacis]] Liv. 36, 7, 12, sous l’apparence de la paix ; [[sub]] nomine, [[sub]] condicione, v. ces mots ; [[sub]] [[lege]], ne Suet. Aug. 21, sous la condition de ne pas... ; [[sub]] mortis pœna Suet. Cal. 48, sous peine de mort.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>II</b> acc.<br /><b>1</b> [local] : <b> a)</b> [[sub]] [[jugum]] mittere Cæs. G. 1, 7, 4, envoyer sous le joug ; [[sub]] orbem solis se subjicere Cic. Rep. 1, 25, se placer sous le disque du soleil ; [[sub]] terras [[ire]] Virg. En. 4, 654, aller sous la terre &#124;&#124; [fig.] [[sub]] [[judicium]] alicujus cadere Cic. Fin. 3, 61, tomber sous le (être exposé au) jugement de qqn ; quæ [[sub]] [[sensus]] subjecta sunt Cic. Ac. 2, 74, ce qui tombe sous les sens, cf. Cic. Or. 67 &#124;&#124; [[sub]] Borean [[esse]] Luc. 7, 364, être sous Borée, au nord ; <b> b)</b> au pied de [avec mouv<sup>t</sup>] : [[sub]] montem succedere Cæs. C. 1, 45, 2, s’avancer au pied de la montagne, cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 54 ; Hirt. G. 8, 41, 1 ; Liv. 44, 45, 7 ; Tac. H. 5, 11, etc.<br /><b>2</b> [temporel] : <b> a)</b> vers, tout proche de : [[sub]] noctem Cæs. C. 1, 28, 3 ; [[sub]] vesperum Cæs. G. 2, 33, 1 ; [[sub]] lucem Cæs. G. 7, 83, 7, à l’approche de la nuit, du soir, du jour ; [[sub]] [[dies]] festos Cic. Q. 2, 1, 1, à proximité des fêtes ; [[sub]] galli cantum Hor. S. 1, 1, 10, vers l’heure où le coq chante ; <b> b)</b> immédiatement après : [[sub]] eas (litteras) [[statim]] recitatæ sunt tuæ Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1, aussitôt après [[cette]] lettre la tienne fut lue, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 1 ; 23, 16, 3 ; 45, 10, 10, etc.<br /><b>3</b> [idée de sujétion, avec v. de mouv<sup>t</sup>] : [[sub]] alicujus [[imperium]] dicionemque cadere Cic. Font. 12, tomber sous l’autorité et la domination de qqn, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 144 ; Nep. Milt. 1, 4 ; [[sub]] [[legis]] vincula [[aliquid]] conjicere Liv. 4, 4, 10, mettre qqch. sous les liens d’une loi, sous l’empire d’une loi.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>III</b> en composition [[sub]] [prép. ou préverbe] apporte l’idée de : <b> a)</b> sous, dessous, par-dessous : [[subjaceo]], [[subjicio]], etc.; <b> b)</b> de bas en [[haut]] : [[sublatus]], [[sublevo]] ; <b> c)</b> remplacement : [[succedo]] &#124;&#124; immédiatement après : [[succresco]], [[subinde]], [[suboles]] ; [[succurro]], [[subvenio]] ; <b> d)</b> secrètement, à la dérobée : [[subripio]], [[subrepo]] ; <b> e)</b> un peu : [[subiratus]], [[sublustris]] ; [[subaccuso]] &#124;&#124; subs devient [[sus]] devant c, t, p : [[suscipio]], [[sustineo]], [[suspendo]].
|gf=<b>sŭb</b>⁶ <b>(subs</b>, cf. susque [[deque]] <b>)</b>, prép. avec abl. et acc.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>I</b> abl.,<br /><b>1</b> [sens local] : <b> a)</b> sous : [[sub]] [[terra]] habitare Cic. Nat. 2, 95, habiter sous terre ; [[sub]] pellibus hiemare Cæs. C. 3, 13, 5, [[passer]] l’hiver sous des tentes &#124;&#124; [[sub]] armis Cæs. C. 1, 41, 2, sous les armes ; [[sub]] sarcinis Cæs. G. 2, 17, 2, avec ses bagages, ou [[sub]] onere Cæs. C. 1, 66, 2 ; [[sub]] oculis alicujus Cæs. C. 1, 57, 4, sous les yeux de qqn ; [[sub]] [[corona]], [[sub]] [[hasta]] vendere, mettre à l’encan, v. ces mots ; [[sub]] ictu teli Liv. 28, 30, 8, à portée de trait ; [[Gallia]] [[sub]] septemtrionibus posita Cæs. G. 1, 16, 2, la Gaule située sous le septentrion &#124;&#124; [avec v. de mouv<sup>t</sup>] : [[sub]] [[terra]] demissi sunt Liv. 22, 57, 6, ils furent jetés sous terre ; [[sub]] [[jugo]] mittere Liv. 3, 28, 11, envoyer sous le joug &#124;&#124; [fig.] [[sub]] nomine [[pacis]] [[bellum]] [[latet]] Cic. Phil. 12, 17, sous le nom de paix se cache la guerre, cf. Agr. 3, 12 ; <b> b)</b> de dessous : [[sub]] [[terra]] Pl. Aul. 628, [sortir] de dessous terre, Cf. Capt. 730 ; <b> c)</b> au bas de, au pied de, près de : [[sub]] monte Cæs. G. 1, 21, 1 ; [[sub]] mœnibus Cic. Rep. 1, 17, au pied d’une montagne, des remparts ; [[sub]] Novis Cic. de Or. 2, 266, aux Boutiques Neuves (v. Novæ ); <b> d)</b> immédiatement après : Virg. En. 5, 323 ; Sen. Ep. 94, 60 ; <b> e)</b> au fond de : [[sub]] pectore Virg. En. 1, 36, au fond du cœur<br /><b>2</b> [temporel] au moment de : [[sub]] [[bruma]] Cæs. G. 5, 13, 3, au moment du solstice d’hiver, cf. C. 1, 27, 3 ; Hirt. G. 8, 49, 2 &#124;&#124; [[sub]] Domitiano Tac. Agr. 45, sous, au temps de Domitien, cf. Tac. Agr. 6 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 3, 5, 5<br /><b>3</b> [idée de sujétion] : [[sub]] [[regno]] [[esse]] Cic. Rep. 1, 60 ; Att. 7, 7, 5 ; [[sub]] rege Cic. Rep. 2, 43, être sous le régime monarchique, sous un roi ; [[sub]] alicujus dicione Cæs. G. 1, 31, 7, être sous la domination de qqn &#124;&#124; [[sub]] [[specie]] [[pacis]] Liv. 36, 7, 12, sous l’apparence de la paix ; [[sub]] nomine, [[sub]] condicione, v. ces mots ; [[sub]] [[lege]], ne Suet. Aug. 21, sous la condition de ne pas... ; [[sub]] mortis pœna Suet. Cal. 48, sous peine de mort.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>II</b> acc.<br /><b>1</b> [local] : <b> a)</b> [[sub]] [[jugum]] mittere Cæs. G. 1, 7, 4, envoyer sous le joug ; [[sub]] orbem solis se subjicere Cic. Rep. 1, 25, se placer sous le disque du soleil ; [[sub]] terras [[ire]] Virg. En. 4, 654, aller sous la terre &#124;&#124; [fig.] [[sub]] [[judicium]] alicujus cadere Cic. Fin. 3, 61, tomber sous le (être exposé au) jugement de qqn ; quæ [[sub]] [[sensus]] subjecta sunt Cic. Ac. 2, 74, ce qui tombe sous les sens, cf. Cic. Or. 67 &#124;&#124; [[sub]] Borean [[esse]] Luc. 7, 364, être sous Borée, au nord ; <b> b)</b> au pied de [avec mouv<sup>t</sup>] : [[sub]] montem succedere Cæs. C. 1, 45, 2, s’avancer au pied de la montagne, cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 54 ; Hirt. G. 8, 41, 1 ; Liv. 44, 45, 7 ; Tac. H. 5, 11, etc.<br /><b>2</b> [temporel] : <b> a)</b> vers, tout proche de : [[sub]] noctem Cæs. C. 1, 28, 3 ; [[sub]] vesperum Cæs. G. 2, 33, 1 ; [[sub]] lucem Cæs. G. 7, 83, 7, à l’approche de la nuit, du soir, du jour ; [[sub]] [[dies]] festos Cic. Q. 2, 1, 1, à proximité des fêtes ; [[sub]] galli cantum Hor. S. 1, 1, 10, vers l’heure où le coq chante ; <b> b)</b> immédiatement après : [[sub]] eas (litteras) [[statim]] recitatæ sunt tuæ Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1, aussitôt après [[cette]] lettre la tienne fut lue, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 1 ; 23, 16, 3 ; 45, 10, 10, etc.<br /><b>3</b> [idée de sujétion, avec v. de mouv<sup>t</sup>] : [[sub]] alicujus [[imperium]] dicionemque cadere Cic. Font. 12, tomber sous l’autorité et la domination de qqn, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 144 ; Nep. Milt. 1, 4 ; [[sub]] [[legis]] vincula [[aliquid]] conjicere Liv. 4, 4, 10, mettre qqch. sous les liens d’une loi, sous l’empire d’une loi.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>III</b> en composition [[sub]] [prép. ou préverbe] apporte l’idée de : <b> a)</b> sous, dessous, par-dessous : [[subjaceo]], [[subjicio]], etc.; <b> b)</b> de bas en [[haut]] : [[sublatus]], [[sublevo]] ; <b> c)</b> remplacement : [[succedo]] &#124;&#124; immédiatement après : [[succresco]], [[subinde]], [[suboles]] ; [[succurro]], [[subvenio]] ; <b> d)</b> secrètement, à la dérobée : [[subripio]], [[subrepo]] ; <b> e)</b> un peu : [[subiratus]], [[sublustris]] ; [[subaccuso]] &#124;&#124; subs devient [[sus]] devant c, t, p : [[suscipio]], [[sustineo]], [[suspendo]].
}}
{{Georges
|georg=sub, Praep. m. Abl. u. Acc. (aus sup, vgl. [[ὑπό]]), I) m. Abl.: A) v. Raume, 1) zur Bezeichnung [[des]] Verweilens [[unter]] einem Gegenstande, [[unter]], a) [[neben]] Verben der [[Ruhe]], [[sub]] [[terra]] habitare, Cic.: [[sub]] vestimentis habere, Plaut.: [[sub]] pellibus hiemare, Caes.: vitam [[sub]] divo agere, Hor. – übtr., [[sub]] armis [[esse]], Caes.: [[sub]] armis manere, Liv.: [[sub]] armis habere legiones, Cic.: legionem [[sub]] sarcinis adoriri, Caes.: [[sub]] [[corona]], [[sub]] [[hasta]] vendere, Caes. u. Liv.: [[saepe]] est [[etiam]] [[sub]] palliolo [[sordido]] [[sapientia]], Caecil. com. fr.: [[sub]] nomine [[pacis]] [[bellum]] [[latet]], Cic. – b) [[neben]] Verben der [[Bewegung]] α) [[unter]]... [[hin]], [[hin]]... [[unter]], [[sub]] [[terra]] vivi demissi sunt, Liv.: [[sub]] [[hoc]] [[iugo]] [[dictator]] Aequos misit, Liv. – β) [[unter]]... [[hervor]], [[qui]] [[sub]] [[terra]] erepsisti [[modo]], Plaut.: [[sub]] [[terra]] lapides eximet, Plaut.: – γ) [[empor]], [[hinauf]], [[auf]], monte [[sub]] aërio, Verg.<br />'''2)''' zur Bezeichnung [[des]] Verweilens in der unmittelbaren [[Nähe]] eines höher ragenden Gegenstandes, [[unter]], [[unterhalb]], [[unten]] an, an, [[vor]], [[sub]] monte [[esse]], considere, Caes.: [[sub]] moenibus [[esse]], Cic.: [[sub]] septemtrionibus positum [[esse]], Caes.: est [[ager]] [[sub]] urbe, Plaut. – übtr., [[sub]] manu [[esse]], [[bei]] der [[Hand]] [[sein]], Cic.: [[sub]] iactu teli [[esse]], in Schußweite [[sein]], Liv.: [[sub]] oculis domini suam probare operam studebant, Liv.: [[omnia]] [[sub]] oculis erant, alles lag [[vor]] Augen, Caes.: [[sub]] [[sinistra]] Britanniam relictam conspexit, Caes.<br />'''3)''' zur Bezeichnung [[des]] Verweilens in einem umschließenden Gegenstande, [[unten]] in, in, silvis inventa [[sub]] altis, Ov.: vidimus obscuris primam [[sub]] vallibus urbem, Verg.: tuta [[sub]] [[exiguo]] flumine nostra [[ratis]], Prop.<br />'''4)''' zur Bezeichnung [[einer]] unmittelbaren [[Aufeinanderfolge]], [[unmittelbar]] [[hinter]], Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; [[quo]] [[deinde]] [[sub]] ipso [[ecce]] volat calcemque terit [[iam]] calce [[Diores]], Verg. Aen. 5, 322 sq.<br />'''B)''' v. der [[Zeit]], 1) zur Bezeichnung [[des]] unmittelbaren Zusammenfallens eines Eieignisses [[mit]] der [[Zeit]], [[innerhalb]], [[während]], in, [[bei]], cervi [[sub]] ipsa die [[quam]] [[maxime]] invia petunt, Plin.: primis spectata [[sub]] annis, Ov.: [[consilium]] [[sub]] die nasci debet, Sen.: ne [[sub]] ipsa profectione milites [[oppidum]] irrumperent, Caes.: [[sub]] somno [[plerique]] senescunt, Cels. – [[sub]] Tiberio Caesare, [[unter]] dem K.T. = [[unter]] der [[Regierung]] [[des]] Kaisers Tib., Sen.: u. so [[sub]] divo Augusto, Sen. u. Plin.: [[sub]] Vespasiano, Plin. ep.: [[sub]] Dario [[rege]], Lact.: [[Herodes]], [[qui]] fuit [[sub]] imperio Tiberii Caesaris, Lact.<br />'''2)''' zur Bezeichnung der ungefähren [[Annäherung]] eines Ereignisses an eine [[Zeit]], [[bei]], [[gegen]], [[faces]] [[viator]] [[sub]] [[luce]] reliquit, Ov.: [[sub]] [[luce]] urbem [[ingressus]], Liv.: excesserunt urbe [[sub]] adventu Romanorum, Liv.: [[sub]] [[fine]] morbi, Cels.: [[sub]] exitu vitae, Suet.<br />'''C)''' [[von]] Zuständen: 1) zur Bezeichnung [[einer]] Unterordnung, [[unter]], [[bei]], [[sub]] [[regno]] alcis, Cic.: [[cuius]] [[sub]] imperio [[phalanx]] erat Macedonum, Nep.: [[qui]] [[tribunus]] cohortis [[sub]] Classico fuerat, Plin. ep.: [[sub]] dicione [[atque]] imperio alcis [[esse]], Caes.: [[sub]] manu alcis [[esse]], Planc. b. Cic.: [[sub]] Hannibale [[magistro]] omnes belli artes edoctus, Liv.: [[sub]] [[rege]], [[unter]] der [[Herrschaft]] eines Königs, Cic.: u. so [[sub]] optimo [[rege]], Sen.: [[adhuc]] [[sub]] iudice [[lis]] est, Hor.<br />'''2)''' zur Bezeichnung näherer Umstände, [[unter]] denen [[etwas]] geschieht [[unter]], [[bei]], [[sub]] [[frigido]] sudore mori, Cels.: Bacchi [[sub]] nomine risit, Ov.: [[sub]] [[hoc]] metu [[villicus]] erit in [[officio]], Colum.: ut [[sub]] [[specie]] venationis [[dolus]] lateret, Iustin.: nuptias [[sub]] belli denuntiatione petit, Iustin.: [[sub]] pacto abolitionis, Quint.: [[sub]] ea condicione, Suet.: [[sub]] [[lege]], Suet.: [[sub]] nomine [[meo]] [[duo]] libri ferebantur, Quint.: vitia [[nobis]] [[sub]] virtutum nomine obrepunt, Sen.: [[cuius]] commenta [[sub]] nomine Democriti [[falso]] produntur, Colum.: [[multa]] vana [[sub]] nomine celebri vulgabantur, Tac.: [[sub]] [[honesto]] patrum [[aut]] [[plebis]] nomine dominationes affectabant, Sall. fr.: ferebantur [[sub]] nominibus consularium fictae in Seianum sententiae, Tac.: [[sub]] exceptione, si, Suet.: [[sub]] exspectatione successorum rapinis studebant, Colum.: [[sub]] [[poena]] mortis, servitutis, Suet.<br />'''II)''' [[mit]] Acc.: A) v. Raume, 1) zur Bezeichnung der [[Bewegung]] [[unter]] [[einen]] [[Gegenstand]], [[unter]], a) [[neben]] Verben der [[Bewegung]], subdere [[sub]] [[solum]], Plaut.: exercitum [[sub]] [[iugum]] mittere, Caes.: [[sub]] furcam [[ire]], Hor.: manum [[sub]] vestimenta deferre, Plaut.: [[sub]] scamna dare pedem, Ov.: [[sub]] [[divum]] rapere, Hor. – übtr., [[sub]] sensum cadere [[non]] possunt, Cic.: [[quae]] [[sub]] [[sensus]] subiecta sunt, Cic.: [[sub]] [[iudicium]] sapientis et delectum cadunt, Cic. – b) [[neben]] Verben der [[Ruhe]] [[quidquid]] [[sub]] [[Noton]] et Borean hominum sumus, Lucan. 7, 364.<br />'''2)''' zur Bezeichnung der [[Bewegung]] in die unmittelbare [[Nähe]] eines höher ragenden Gegenstandes, [[unter]], [[unterhalb]], [[nahe]] an, an, [[sub]] montem succedunt milites, Caes.: [[sub]] aciem succedunt, Caes.: hostem mediam ferit ense [[sub]] alvum, Ov.: [[sub]] orientem [[secutus]] Armenios, [[Flor]]. – übtr., [[sub]] [[manus]] succedere, [[unter]] die Hände [[kommen]], Plaut.: [[hoc]] succedit [[sub]] [[manus]] [[negotium]], kommt [[bequem]], Plaut.: [[sub]] manum summittere, Auct. b. Afr.: venire [[sub]] ictum, in Schußweite [[kommen]], Liv.<br />'''3)''' zur Bezeichnung der [[Ausdehnung]] an einem höher ragenden Gegenstande [[hin]], an... [[hin]], [[bei]], Iudaei [[sub]] ipsos muros struxere aciem, Tac.: arat finem [[sub]] [[utrumque]] [[colonus]], Hor.: [[sub]] ipsum murum [[fons]] aquae prorumpebat, Hirt. b.G.<br />'''B)''' [[von]] der [[Zeit]], zur Bezeichnung der unmittelbaren [[Annäherung]] eines Ereignisses an eine [[Zeit]], a) [[indem]] dasselbe vorhergeht = um, [[gegen]], [[kurz]] ([[unmittelbar]]) [[vor]] (s. Fritzsche Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 1, 9. M. [[Müller]] Liv. 1, 35, 2), [[sub]] noctem naves solvit, Caes.: [[sub]] vesperum portas claudi iussit, Caes.: u. so [[sub]] noctem, Hor.: [[sub]] ortum [[ferme]] lucis, Liv.: [[sub]] [[idem]] [[tempus]] legati missi, Liv.: [[sub]] ipsum certaminis diem, Liv.: [[sub]] finem certaminis, Liv.: [[sub]] horam pugnae, Suet.: [[sub]] [[tempus]] (sc. comitiorum), Liv.: [[sub]] [[tempus]] edendi, Hor.: [[sub]] lumina [[prima]], Hor.: [[sub]] galli cantum, Hor.: [[sub]] adventum, Liv. – b) [[indem]] dasselbe nachfolgt = [[nach]], [[sogleich]] [[nach]], [[unmittelbar]] [[nach]] (vgl. Fritzsche Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 8, 43. Fabri Liv. 21, 2, 1. Wölffl. Liv. 21, 18, 14), [[sub]] eas litteras [[statim]] recitatae sunt tuae, Cic.: [[sub]] hanc vocem [[fremitus]] variantis multitudinis fuit, Liv.: [[sub]] [[haec]] dicta omnes procubuerunt, Liv.: [[sub]] [[hoc]] [[erus]]... inquit, Hor.<br />'''C)''' [[von]] Zuständen, zur Bezeichnung [[einer]] Unterordnung = [[unter]], [[sub]] potestatem redigere, Nep.: [[matrimonium]] [[vos]] [[sub]] [[legis]] superbissimae vincula conicitis, Liv.<br />/ [[sub]] ist in Zusammensetzungen: a) = [[unter]]. – b) = [[etwas]], [[ein]] [[wenig]] (s. Donat. Ter. Andr. 2, 6, 16.) – c) = [[unter]] der [[Hand]], [[heimlich]].
}}
{{LaZh
|lnztxt=sub. ''praep''. ''abl''. :: 属。時。下。 {} 副。— conditione 設約。約定。— conditione dedit mihi {} — ea conditione ne quid postea scriberet 令之結約不再作何書。— nocte 夜間。— ipsa profectione 正起程之時。— primis annis 初幾年間。— Alexandro 亞立山年間。— ipso ore urbis 已在城前。— luce 日間。— armis manere 仍持兵器。— terra habitare 居地内。— ictu ''vel'' ictum 可擊及之。— oculis 在眼前。當面。Bacchi — nomine illa risit 聽巴幾名而笑。— eo magistro 化彼門下。<br />sub. ''praep''. ''acc''. :: 將來。次。下。noctem 日將暮時。— orium lucis 天將亮。— horam pugnae 將交戰時。— eas litteras 此書倍後。— hanc vocem 此聲後。— ipsos muros 挨彼城墙。jugum ''vel'' jugo mittere 令過梁以辱之。— montem consedere 着落於山麓。
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 23:20, 12 June 2024

Latin > English

sub PREP ABL :: under, beneath, behind, at the foot of (rest); within; during, about (time)
sub sub PREP ACC :: under; up to, up under, close to (of motion); until, before, up to, about

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

sŭb: (on the form sus from subs
I
v. infra, III.), prep. with acc. and abl. [perh. for es-ub, ens-ub, = ἐνς (εις) and ὑπό; Sanscr. upa; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 290], under.
I With abl., to point out the object under which a thing is situated or takes place (Gr. ὑπό, with dat. or gen.), under, below, beneath, underneath.
   A Of space: si essent, qui sub terrā semper habitavissent ... nec tamen exissent umquam supra terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95; Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 72: sub aquā, id. Cas. 2, 6, 28: sub vestimentis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 32; Liv. 1, 58; cf.: saepe est sub palliolo sordido sapientia, Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 56: ingenium ingens Inculto latet hoc sub corpore, Hor. S. 1, 3, 34: sub pellibus hiemare, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 5; cf. Liv. 23, 18, 15: manet sub Jove frigido Venator, Hor. C. 1, 1, 25: sub divo moreris, id. ib. 2, 3, 23: vitam sub divo agat, id. ib. 3, 2, 5 (v. divus, II.): sub terrā vivi demissi sunt, Liv. 22, 57: sub hoc jugo dictator Aequos misit, id. 3, 28, 11: pone (me) sub curru nimium propinqui Solis, Hor. C. 1, 22, 21 et saep.— Trop.: non parvum sub hoc verbo furtum latet, Cic. Agr. 3, 3, 12.—
   2    Transf., of lofty objects, at the foot of which, or in whose immediate neighborhood, any thing is situated, under, below, beneath, at the foot of, at, by, near, before: sub monte consedit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48; so, sub monte considere, id. ib. 1, 21: sub colle constituere, id. ib. 7, 49: sub montis radicibus esse, id. ib. 7, 36 al.: sub ipsis Numantiae moenibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17: est ager sub urbe, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 107; so, sub urbe, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 26; Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Hor. C. 3, 19, 4: sub Veteribus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 19: sub Novis, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266 Orell. N. cr.; id. Ac. 2, 22, 70 Goer. N. cr.; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 59 Müll.: sub basilicā, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 11 et saep.—Trop.: sub oculis domini suam probare operam studebant, Caes. B. C. 1, 57 fin.: omnia sub oculis erant, Liv. 4, 28; cf. Vell. 2, 21, 3: classem sub ipso ore urbis incendit, Flor. 2, 15.—
   B Of time, in, within, during, at, by: ne sub ipsā profectione milites oppidum irrumperent, Caes. B. C. 1, 27: sub decessu suo, Hirt. B. G. 8, 49: sub luce, Ov. M. 1, 494; Hor. A. P. 363; Liv. 25, 24: sub eodem tempore, Ov. F. 5, 491: sub somno, Cels. 3, 18 med. al.—
   C In other relations, where existence under or in the immediate vicinity of any thing may be conceived.
   1    Under, in rank or order; hence, next to, immediately after: Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo deinde sub ipso Ecce volat calcemque terit jam calce Diores, Verg. A. 5, 322.—
   2    In gen., of subjection, domination, stipulation, influence, effect, reason, etc., under, beneath, with: omnes ordine sub signis ducam legiones meas, under my standards, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71: sub armis vitam cernere, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll. (Trag. v. 297 Vahl.); so, sub armis, Caes. B. C. 1, 41; 1, 42: sub sarcinis, id. B. G. 2, 17; 3, 24: sub onere, id. B. C. 1, 66 et saep.—
   3    Trop., under, subject to, in the power of; during, in the time of, upon, etc.: sub Veneris regno vapulo, non sub Jovis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 13: sub regno esse, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: sub imperio alicujus esse, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 4: sub dicione atque imperio alicujus esse, Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Auct. B. Alex. 66, 6; Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Con. 4, 4; id. Eum. 7, 1; cf.: sub Corbulone Armenios pellere, Tac. H. 3, 24: sub manu alicujus esse, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 2; sub rege, Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43; Hor. C. 3, 5, 9: sub Hannibale, Liv. 25, 40: sub dominā meretrice, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 25: sub nutrice, id. ib. 2, 1, 99: sub judice lis est, id. A. P. 78: praecipua sub Domitiano miseriarum pars erat, during the reign of, Tac. Agr. 45: scripsit sub Nerone novissimis annis, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5: gnarus sub Nerone temporum, Tac. Agr. 6; Suet. Tit. 8 et saep.: sub vulnere, from the effects of the wound, Ov. M. 5, 62; cf.: sub judice, under, id. ib. 13, 190: nullo sub indice, forced by no betrayer, id. ib. 13, 34.—So in certain phrases where the simple abl. is more freq.: sub pacto abolitionis dominationem deponere, Quint. 9, 2, 97: sub condicione, Liv. 6, 40, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.: sub condicionibus, id. 21, 12, 4: sub eā condicione, ne cui fidem meam obstringam, Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11: sub eā condicione, si esset, etc., id. ib. 8, 18, 4; so, sub condicione, ut (ne, si, etc.), Suet. Tib. 44; 13; id. Caes. 68; id. Claud. 24; id. Vit. 6: sub specie (= specie, or per speciem): sub specie infidae pacis quieti, Liv. 9, 45, 5; 36, 7, 12; 44, 24, 4: sub tutelae specie, Curt. 10, 6, 21; Sen. Ben. 1, 4, 2; cf.: sub nomine pacis bellum latet, Cic. Phil. 12, 7, 17: sub alienis auspiciis rem gerere, Val. Max. 3, 2, 6: sub lege, ne, Suet. Aug. 21: sub exceptione, si, id. Caes. 78: sub poenā mortis, id. Calig. 48: servitutis, id. Tib. 36 et saep.: sub frigido sudore mori, Cels. 5, 26, 31 fin. —
II With acc., to point out the object under which a thing comes, goes, extends, etc. (Gr. ὑπό, with acc.), under, below, beneath.
   A Of space, usually with verbs of motion: et datores et factores omnes subdam sub solum, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 18: manum sub vestimenta deferre, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 78: cum tota se luna sub orbem solis subjecisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25: exercitum sub jugum mittere, Caes. B. G. 1, 7; 1, 12; Sall. J. 38, 9 Dietsch ad loc.: sub furcam ire, Hor. S. 2, 7, 66: sub divum rapere, id. C. 1, 18, 13: sub terras ire, Verg. A. 4, 654. —Trop.: sub judicium sapientis et delectum cadunt, Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 61: quae sub sensus subjecta sunt, id. Ac. 2, 23, 74: quod sub aurium mensuram aliquam cadat, id. Or. 20, 67: columbae Ipsa sub ora viri venere, Verg. A. 6, 191: quod sub oculos venit, Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 6.—Rarely with verb of rest: quidquid sub Noton et Borean hominum sumus, Luc. 7, 364.—
   2    Transf. (cf. supra, I. A. 2.), of lofty objects, to the foot of which, or into whose immediate neighborhood, any thing comes, or near to which it extends, under, below, beneath, to, near to, close to, up to, towards, etc.: sub montem succedunt milites, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: sub ipsum murum fons aquae prorumpebat, Hirt. B. G. 8, 41: missi sunt sub muros, Liv. 44, 45: Judaei sub ipsos muros struxere aciem, Tac. H. 5, 11; 3, 21: aedes suas detulit sub Veliam, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54: arat finem sub utrumque colonus, Hor. S. 2, 1, 35: jactatus amnis Ostia sub Tusci, id. ib. 2, 2, 33: (hostem) mediam ferit ense sub alvum, Ov. M. 12, 389: sub orientem secutus Armenios, Flor. 3, 5.—
   B Of time, denoting a close approximation.
   1    Before, towards, about, shortly before, up to, until: Pompeius sub noctem naves solvit, Caes. B. C. 1, 28; so, sub noctem, Verg. A. 1, 662; Hor. C. 1, 9, 19; id. S. 2, 1, 9; 2, 7, 109; id. Ep. 2, 2, 169: sub vesperum, Caes. B. G. 2, 33; id. B. C. 1, 42: sub lucem, id. B. G. 7, 83; Verg. G. 1, 445: sub lumina prima, Hor. S. 2, 7, 33: sub tempus edendi, id. Ep. 1, 16, 22: sub dies festos, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: sub galli cantum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 10: usque sub extremum brumae intractabilis imbrem, Verg. G. 1, 211: simulacra Visa sub obscurum noctis, id. ib. 1, 478: prima vel autumni sub frigora, id. ib. 2, 321: quod (bellum) fuit sub recentem pacem, Liv. 21, 2, 1.—
   2    After, immediately after, just after, immediately upon: sub eas (litteras) statim recitatae sunt tuae, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4: sub haec dicta omnes procubuerunt, Liv. 7, 31: sub adventum praetoris, id. 23, 15, 1; 23, 16, 3; 45, 10, 10: sub hanc vocem fremitus variantis multitudinis fuit, id. 35, 31: sub hoc erus inquit, hereupon, Hor. S. 2, 8, 43.—
   C In other relations, in which a coming under any thing may be conceived: lepide hoc succedit sub manus negotium, comes to hand, convenient, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 59: sub manus succedere, id. ib. 4, 4, 7; id. Pers. 4, 1, 2: sub manum submittere, at hand, convenient, Auct. B. Afr. 36, 1: sub ictum venire, Liv. 27, 18: sub manum annuntiari, Suet. Aug. 49 (al. sub manu; cf. supra, I. C.): sub legum et judiciorum potestatem cadere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144: sub populi Romani imperium dicionemque cadere, id. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2): incolas sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere, Nep. Milt. 1: matrimonium vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis, Liv. 4, 4: sub unum fortunae ictum totas vires regni cadere pati, Curt. 3, 8, 2.—
III In composition, the b remains unchanged before vowels and before b, d, j, l, n, s, t, v. Before m and r it is frequently, and before the remaining consonants, c, f, g, p, it is regularly assimilated. Yet here the MSS. vary, as in ob, ad, in, etc. Before some words commencing with c. p, t, it assumes the form sus, by the rejection of the b from a collateral form subs (analog. to abs); e. g. suscipio, suscito, suspendo, sustineo, sustuli, sustollo. Before s, with a following consonant, there remains merely su in the words suspicio, suspicor, suspiro; cf., however: substerno, substituo, substo, substruo al.; v. esp. Neue, Formenl. 2, 775 sqq.—
   B In composition, sub denotes,
   1    Lit., a being situated or contained under, a putting or bringing under, or a going in under any thing: subaeratus, subcavus; subdo, subigo, subicio; subhaereo, subaperio; subedo.—
   2    Hence, also, a concealing or being concealed behind something; a secret action: subnoto, surripio, suffuror, subausculto, suborno. —
   3    Transf., a being placed or ranked under: subcenturio, subcurator, subcustos, etc.; or a being or doing any thing in a lower or inferior degree, a little, somewhat, rather, slightly: subabsurdus, subagrestis, subalbus, etc.; subaccusare, subirascor, etc.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

sŭb(subs, cf. susque deque ), prép. avec abl. et acc.
    I abl.,
1 [sens local] : a) sous : sub terra habitare Cic. Nat. 2, 95, habiter sous terre ; sub pellibus hiemare Cæs. C. 3, 13, 5, passer l’hiver sous des tentes || sub armis Cæs. C. 1, 41, 2, sous les armes ; sub sarcinis Cæs. G. 2, 17, 2, avec ses bagages, ou sub onere Cæs. C. 1, 66, 2 ; sub oculis alicujus Cæs. C. 1, 57, 4, sous les yeux de qqn ; sub corona, sub hasta vendere, mettre à l’encan, v. ces mots ; sub ictu teli Liv. 28, 30, 8, à portée de trait ; Gallia sub septemtrionibus posita Cæs. G. 1, 16, 2, la Gaule située sous le septentrion || [avec v. de mouvt] : sub terra demissi sunt Liv. 22, 57, 6, ils furent jetés sous terre ; sub jugo mittere Liv. 3, 28, 11, envoyer sous le joug || [fig.] sub nomine pacis bellum latet Cic. Phil. 12, 17, sous le nom de paix se cache la guerre, cf. Agr. 3, 12 ; b) de dessous : sub terra Pl. Aul. 628, [sortir] de dessous terre, Cf. Capt. 730 ; c) au bas de, au pied de, près de : sub monte Cæs. G. 1, 21, 1 ; sub mœnibus Cic. Rep. 1, 17, au pied d’une montagne, des remparts ; sub Novis Cic. de Or. 2, 266, aux Boutiques Neuves (v. Novæ ); d) immédiatement après : Virg. En. 5, 323 ; Sen. Ep. 94, 60 ; e) au fond de : sub pectore Virg. En. 1, 36, au fond du cœur
2 [temporel] au moment de : sub bruma Cæs. G. 5, 13, 3, au moment du solstice d’hiver, cf. C. 1, 27, 3 ; Hirt. G. 8, 49, 2 || sub Domitiano Tac. Agr. 45, sous, au temps de Domitien, cf. Tac. Agr. 6 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 3, 5, 5
3 [idée de sujétion] : sub regno esse Cic. Rep. 1, 60 ; Att. 7, 7, 5 ; sub rege Cic. Rep. 2, 43, être sous le régime monarchique, sous un roi ; sub alicujus dicione Cæs. G. 1, 31, 7, être sous la domination de qqn || sub specie pacis Liv. 36, 7, 12, sous l’apparence de la paix ; sub nomine, sub condicione, v. ces mots ; sub lege, ne Suet. Aug. 21, sous la condition de ne pas... ; sub mortis pœna Suet. Cal. 48, sous peine de mort.
    II acc.
1 [local] : a) sub jugum mittere Cæs. G. 1, 7, 4, envoyer sous le joug ; sub orbem solis se subjicere Cic. Rep. 1, 25, se placer sous le disque du soleil ; sub terras ire Virg. En. 4, 654, aller sous la terre || [fig.] sub judicium alicujus cadere Cic. Fin. 3, 61, tomber sous le (être exposé au) jugement de qqn ; quæ sub sensus subjecta sunt Cic. Ac. 2, 74, ce qui tombe sous les sens, cf. Cic. Or. 67 || sub Borean esse Luc. 7, 364, être sous Borée, au nord ; b) au pied de [avec mouvt] : sub montem succedere Cæs. C. 1, 45, 2, s’avancer au pied de la montagne, cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 54 ; Hirt. G. 8, 41, 1 ; Liv. 44, 45, 7 ; Tac. H. 5, 11, etc.
2 [temporel] : a) vers, tout proche de : sub noctem Cæs. C. 1, 28, 3 ; sub vesperum Cæs. G. 2, 33, 1 ; sub lucem Cæs. G. 7, 83, 7, à l’approche de la nuit, du soir, du jour ; sub dies festos Cic. Q. 2, 1, 1, à proximité des fêtes ; sub galli cantum Hor. S. 1, 1, 10, vers l’heure où le coq chante ; b) immédiatement après : sub eas (litteras) statim recitatæ sunt tuæ Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1, aussitôt après cette lettre la tienne fut lue, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 1 ; 23, 16, 3 ; 45, 10, 10, etc.
3 [idée de sujétion, avec v. de mouvt] : sub alicujus imperium dicionemque cadere Cic. Font. 12, tomber sous l’autorité et la domination de qqn, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 144 ; Nep. Milt. 1, 4 ; sub legis vincula aliquid conjicere Liv. 4, 4, 10, mettre qqch. sous les liens d’une loi, sous l’empire d’une loi.
    III en composition sub [prép. ou préverbe] apporte l’idée de : a) sous, dessous, par-dessous : subjaceo, subjicio, etc.; b) de bas en haut : sublatus, sublevo ; c) remplacement : succedo || immédiatement après : succresco, subinde, suboles ; succurro, subvenio ; d) secrètement, à la dérobée : subripio, subrepo ; e) un peu : subiratus, sublustris ; subaccuso || subs devient sus devant c, t, p : suscipio, sustineo, suspendo.

Latin > German (Georges)

sub, Praep. m. Abl. u. Acc. (aus sup, vgl. ὑπό), I) m. Abl.: A) v. Raume, 1) zur Bezeichnung des Verweilens unter einem Gegenstande, unter, a) neben Verben der Ruhe, sub terra habitare, Cic.: sub vestimentis habere, Plaut.: sub pellibus hiemare, Caes.: vitam sub divo agere, Hor. – übtr., sub armis esse, Caes.: sub armis manere, Liv.: sub armis habere legiones, Cic.: legionem sub sarcinis adoriri, Caes.: sub corona, sub hasta vendere, Caes. u. Liv.: saepe est etiam sub palliolo sordido sapientia, Caecil. com. fr.: sub nomine pacis bellum latet, Cic. – b) neben Verben der Bewegung α) unter... hin, hin... unter, sub terra vivi demissi sunt, Liv.: sub hoc iugo dictator Aequos misit, Liv. – β) unter... hervor, qui sub terra erepsisti modo, Plaut.: sub terra lapides eximet, Plaut.: – γ) empor, hinauf, auf, monte sub aërio, Verg.
2) zur Bezeichnung des Verweilens in der unmittelbaren Nähe eines höher ragenden Gegenstandes, unter, unterhalb, unten an, an, vor, sub monte esse, considere, Caes.: sub moenibus esse, Cic.: sub septemtrionibus positum esse, Caes.: est ager sub urbe, Plaut. – übtr., sub manu esse, bei der Hand sein, Cic.: sub iactu teli esse, in Schußweite sein, Liv.: sub oculis domini suam probare operam studebant, Liv.: omnia sub oculis erant, alles lag vor Augen, Caes.: sub sinistra Britanniam relictam conspexit, Caes.
3) zur Bezeichnung des Verweilens in einem umschließenden Gegenstande, unten in, in, silvis inventa sub altis, Ov.: vidimus obscuris primam sub vallibus urbem, Verg.: tuta sub exiguo flumine nostra ratis, Prop.
4) zur Bezeichnung einer unmittelbaren Aufeinanderfolge, unmittelbar hinter, Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo deinde sub ipso ecce volat calcemque terit iam calce Diores, Verg. Aen. 5, 322 sq.
B) v. der Zeit, 1) zur Bezeichnung des unmittelbaren Zusammenfallens eines Eieignisses mit der Zeit, innerhalb, während, in, bei, cervi sub ipsa die quam maxime invia petunt, Plin.: primis spectata sub annis, Ov.: consilium sub die nasci debet, Sen.: ne sub ipsa profectione milites oppidum irrumperent, Caes.: sub somno plerique senescunt, Cels. – sub Tiberio Caesare, unter dem K.T. = unter der Regierung des Kaisers Tib., Sen.: u. so sub divo Augusto, Sen. u. Plin.: sub Vespasiano, Plin. ep.: sub Dario rege, Lact.: Herodes, qui fuit sub imperio Tiberii Caesaris, Lact.
2) zur Bezeichnung der ungefähren Annäherung eines Ereignisses an eine Zeit, bei, gegen, faces viator sub luce reliquit, Ov.: sub luce urbem ingressus, Liv.: excesserunt urbe sub adventu Romanorum, Liv.: sub fine morbi, Cels.: sub exitu vitae, Suet.
C) von Zuständen: 1) zur Bezeichnung einer Unterordnung, unter, bei, sub regno alcis, Cic.: cuius sub imperio phalanx erat Macedonum, Nep.: qui tribunus cohortis sub Classico fuerat, Plin. ep.: sub dicione atque imperio alcis esse, Caes.: sub manu alcis esse, Planc. b. Cic.: sub Hannibale magistro omnes belli artes edoctus, Liv.: sub rege, unter der Herrschaft eines Königs, Cic.: u. so sub optimo rege, Sen.: adhuc sub iudice lis est, Hor.
2) zur Bezeichnung näherer Umstände, unter denen etwas geschieht unter, bei, sub frigido sudore mori, Cels.: Bacchi sub nomine risit, Ov.: sub hoc metu villicus erit in officio, Colum.: ut sub specie venationis dolus lateret, Iustin.: nuptias sub belli denuntiatione petit, Iustin.: sub pacto abolitionis, Quint.: sub ea condicione, Suet.: sub lege, Suet.: sub nomine meo duo libri ferebantur, Quint.: vitia nobis sub virtutum nomine obrepunt, Sen.: cuius commenta sub nomine Democriti falso produntur, Colum.: multa vana sub nomine celebri vulgabantur, Tac.: sub honesto patrum aut plebis nomine dominationes affectabant, Sall. fr.: ferebantur sub nominibus consularium fictae in Seianum sententiae, Tac.: sub exceptione, si, Suet.: sub exspectatione successorum rapinis studebant, Colum.: sub poena mortis, servitutis, Suet.
II) mit Acc.: A) v. Raume, 1) zur Bezeichnung der Bewegung unter einen Gegenstand, unter, a) neben Verben der Bewegung, subdere sub solum, Plaut.: exercitum sub iugum mittere, Caes.: sub furcam ire, Hor.: manum sub vestimenta deferre, Plaut.: sub scamna dare pedem, Ov.: sub divum rapere, Hor. – übtr., sub sensum cadere non possunt, Cic.: quae sub sensus subiecta sunt, Cic.: sub iudicium sapientis et delectum cadunt, Cic. – b) neben Verben der Ruhe quidquid sub Noton et Borean hominum sumus, Lucan. 7, 364.
2) zur Bezeichnung der Bewegung in die unmittelbare Nähe eines höher ragenden Gegenstandes, unter, unterhalb, nahe an, an, sub montem succedunt milites, Caes.: sub aciem succedunt, Caes.: hostem mediam ferit ense sub alvum, Ov.: sub orientem secutus Armenios, Flor. – übtr., sub manus succedere, unter die Hände kommen, Plaut.: hoc succedit sub manus negotium, kommt bequem, Plaut.: sub manum summittere, Auct. b. Afr.: venire sub ictum, in Schußweite kommen, Liv.
3) zur Bezeichnung der Ausdehnung an einem höher ragenden Gegenstande hin, an... hin, bei, Iudaei sub ipsos muros struxere aciem, Tac.: arat finem sub utrumque colonus, Hor.: sub ipsum murum fons aquae prorumpebat, Hirt. b.G.
B) von der Zeit, zur Bezeichnung der unmittelbaren Annäherung eines Ereignisses an eine Zeit, a) indem dasselbe vorhergeht = um, gegen, kurz (unmittelbar) vor (s. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 2, 1, 9. M. Müller Liv. 1, 35, 2), sub noctem naves solvit, Caes.: sub vesperum portas claudi iussit, Caes.: u. so sub noctem, Hor.: sub ortum ferme lucis, Liv.: sub idem tempus legati missi, Liv.: sub ipsum certaminis diem, Liv.: sub finem certaminis, Liv.: sub horam pugnae, Suet.: sub tempus (sc. comitiorum), Liv.: sub tempus edendi, Hor.: sub lumina prima, Hor.: sub galli cantum, Hor.: sub adventum, Liv. – b) indem dasselbe nachfolgt = nach, sogleich nach, unmittelbar nach (vgl. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 2, 8, 43. Fabri Liv. 21, 2, 1. Wölffl. Liv. 21, 18, 14), sub eas litteras statim recitatae sunt tuae, Cic.: sub hanc vocem fremitus variantis multitudinis fuit, Liv.: sub haec dicta omnes procubuerunt, Liv.: sub hoc erus... inquit, Hor.
C) von Zuständen, zur Bezeichnung einer Unterordnung = unter, sub potestatem redigere, Nep.: matrimonium vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis, Liv.
/ sub ist in Zusammensetzungen: a) = unter. – b) = etwas, ein wenig (s. Donat. Ter. Andr. 2, 6, 16.) – c) = unter der Hand, heimlich.

Latin > Chinese

sub. praep. abl. :: 属。時。下。 {} 副。— conditione 設約。約定。— conditione dedit mihi {} — ea conditione ne quid postea scriberet 令之結約不再作何書。— nocte 夜間。— ipsa profectione 正起程之時。— primis annis 初幾年間。— Alexandro 亞立山年間。— ipso ore urbis 已在城前。— luce 日間。— armis manere 仍持兵器。— terra habitare 居地内。— ictu vel ictum 可擊及之。— oculis 在眼前。當面。Bacchi — nomine illa risit 聽巴幾名而笑。— eo magistro 化彼門下。
sub. praep. acc. :: 將來。次。下。noctem 日將暮時。— orium lucis 天將亮。— horam pugnae 將交戰時。— eas litteras 此書倍後。— hanc vocem 此聲後。— ipsos muros 挨彼城墙。jugum vel jugo mittere 令過梁以辱之。— montem consedere 着落於山麓。