sancio: Difference between revisions
ἡ κέρκος τῇ ἀλώπεκι μαρτυρεῖ → you can tell a fox by its tail, small traits give the clue to the character of a person
m (Text replacement - "freq. and class" to "freq. and class") |
|||
| (6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=sancio sancire, sanxi, sanctus V TRANS :: confirm, ratify; sanction; fulfil (prophesy); enact (law); ordain; dedicate | |||
}} | |||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>sancĭo</b>: xi, ctum, 4 (<br /><b>I</b> pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.: sancivi, Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; [[part]]. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. Sanscr. [[root]] sac, sak, to [[accompany]], [[honor]] (cf. [[sequor]]); [[whence]] also [[sacer]]; cf. Gr. ἉΓ, [[ἅγιος]], [[ἁγνός]] | |lshtext=<b>sancĭo</b>: xi, ctum, 4 (<br /><b>I</b> pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.: sancivi, Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; [[part]]. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. Sanscr. [[root]] sac, sak, to [[accompany]], [[honor]] (cf. [[sequor]]); [[whence]] also [[sacer]]; cf. Gr. ἉΓ, [[ἅγιος]], [[ἁγνός]], to [[render]] [[sacred]] or [[inviolable]] by a [[religious]] [[act]]; to [[appoint]] as [[sacred]] or [[inviolable]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., [[mostly]] of [[legal]] ordinances or [[other]] [[public]] proceedings, to [[fix]] [[unalterably]]; to [[establish]], [[appoint]], [[decree]], [[ordain]]; also, to [[make]] [[irrevocable]] or [[unalterable]]; to [[enact]], [[confirm]], [[ratify]], [[sanction]] (freq. and class.; cf.: [[caveo]], [[scisco]]).<br /> <b>A</b> Sancire legem (jus, [[foedus]], etc.): legibus istis, quas [[senatus]] de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc., Cic. Planc. 18, 44: Cretum leges, quas [[sive]] [[Juppiter]] [[sive]] [[Minos]] sanxit, id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.: quasdam leges ex [[integro]] sanxit, Suet. Aug. 34; and: sancire legem, Ne [[quis]], etc., Liv. 3, 55: tabulas Quas bis [[quinque]] viri sanxerunt, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24: [[quam]] [[temere]] in [[nosmet]] legem sancimus iniquam, id. S. 1, 3, 67: legem sanciendo, Liv. 3, 55 et saep.—Pass.: haec [[igitur]] lex sanciatur, ut, etc., Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.: M. [[Valerius]] [[consul]] de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam, Liv. 10, 9: sacrosanctum esse [[nihil]] potest, [[nisi]] [[quod]] [[populus]] plebesve sanxisset, Cic. Balb. 14, 33: sanxisset jura nobis, id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904: in quibus (legibus) [[illa]] [[eadem]] sancta sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123: cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda, Liv. 8, 7: SENTENTIAM, Inscr. Orell. 4405: [[foedus]], to [[ratify]] the [[treaty]], Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24: foedera [[sanguine]], id. [[post]] Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. [[poet]].: foedera fulmine, Verg. A. 12, 200.—<br /> <b>B</b> Sancire lege ([[edicto]], etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.: [[alia]] moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt [[autem]] [[alia]] legibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.: [[genus]] id agrorum [[certo]] capite legis confirmari [[atque]] sanciri, id. Agr. 3, 1, 3: [[quod]] [[aedilis]] [[plebis]] fuisset, [[contra]] [[quam]] sanctum legibus erat, Liv. 30, 19: ne res efferatur jurejurando ac [[fide]] sanciatur petunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37: [[neque]] [[enim]] rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta, Quint. 2, 13, 6: coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum, Tac. Agr. 27: [[eadem]] fuit ([[causa]]) [[nihil]] de hac re lege sanciendi, Liv. 34, 4: [[nihil]] lege ullā in alios sanxit, Just. 3, 2, 8: de jure praediorum sanctum [[apud]] nos est jure civili, ut, etc., Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65: inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc., id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.: habeat legibus sanctum, Si [[quis]]...uti, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 20: lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32: [[primo]] [[duodecim]] tabulis sanctum, ne [[quis]], etc., Tac. A. 6, 16: [[Flaccus]] sanxit [[edicto]], ne, etc., Cic. Fl. 28, 67: in omne [[tempus]] gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc., Liv. 28, 19: nec, [[quominus]] id [[postea]] liceret, ulla lex sanxit, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Without abl.: de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est, Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.: [[acta]] Caesaris, id. Att. 14, 21, 2: quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult, id. Agr. 3 4, 13: augurem Jovis optimi maximi, id. Phil. 13, 5, 12: cum de eo [[nihil]] sanxerit, [[quod]] [[antea]] [[commissum]] non erat, id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70: [[quid]] est, [[quod]] tam [[accurate]] tamque [[diligenter]] caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc., id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—<br /> <b>C</b> With acc. and inf.: [[rursus]] [[fide]] sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros, Liv. 25, 8: omnes liberos esse sanxit, Suet. Claud. 25.—<br /> <b>D</b> Lex sancit, decrees, ordains ([[with]] acc. or obj.-[[clause]]): at hoc [[Valeria]] lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8: [[consularis]] lex sanxit, ne qui [[magistratus]] [[sine]] provocatione crearetur, id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.: res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum [[metus]] et [[religio]] sanxit, id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—<br /> <b>E</b> Poet., [[with]] [[relative]]-[[clause]]: [[quid]] quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid [[porro]] nequeant, sancitum [[quandoquidem]] exstat, Lucr. 1, 587. —<br /> <b>F</b> To [[render]] [[sacred]] to [[any]] one, to [[devote]], [[consecrate]], [[dedicate]]: sancire alicui carmina, Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: [[templum]], Coripp. 4, 264.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., to [[forbid]] under [[pain]] of [[punishment]], to [[enact]] a [[penalty]] [[against]] ([[very]] [[rare]]): [[incestum]] pontifices supplicio sanciunto, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.: noxiae [[poena]] [[par]] esto, ut in suo [[vitio]] [[quisque]] plectatur: vis capite, [[avaritia]] [[multa]], honoris [[cupiditas]] ignominiā sanciatur, id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47: hoc (sc. [[insidiae]]) [[quamquam]] [[video]] [[neque]] [[more]] turpe haberi, [[neque]] aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: [[tamen]] naturae lege sanctum est, id. Off. 3, 17, 69: erranti viam non monstrare, [[quod]] Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est, id. ib. 3, 13, 55: [[Solon]] capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset, made it a [[capital]] [[offence]], id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of [[fine]]: injurias factas [[quinque]] et [[viginti]] assibus sanxerunt, Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.<br /> <b>A</b> Orig., rendered [[sacred]], established as [[inviolable]], i. e. [[sacred]], [[inviolable]] ([[whereas]] [[sacer]] signifies [[consecrated]] to a [[deity]]. Thus, e. g., a [[temple]], [[grove]], or the [[like]], is [[sacer]] [[locus]]; [[but]] [[sanctus]] [[locus]] is [[any]] [[public]] [[place]] [[which]] it is [[forbidden]] to [[injure]] or [[disturb]]. A [[sacer]] [[locus]] is also [[sanctus]], [[but]] the [[converse]] is not [[always]] true): [[proprie]] dicimus sancta, quae [[neque]] sacra [[neque]] profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, [[quia]] sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod [[enim]] sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, [[etsi]] deo non [[sit]] consecratum, Dig. 1, 8, 9: sanctum est, [[quod]] ab injuriā hominum defensum [[atque]] munitum est...In municipiis [[quoque]] muros esse sanctos, ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.: sanctae res, veluti muri et portae, ib. 1, 8, 1: [[campus]], Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11: tribuni ejus ([[plebis]]) essent sanctique sunto, id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. [[sacrosanctus]]): [[societas]], id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49: [[fides]] induciarum, Liv. 8, 37: nullum esse [[officium]], nullum jus tam sanctum [[atque]] integrum, [[quod]] non ejus [[scelus]] [[atque]] [[perfidia]] violarit et imminuerit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so, [[officium]], id. Quint. 6, 26: poëtae...poëtae [[nomen]], id. Arch. 8, 18 sq.—Hence, aerarium sanctius, a [[special]] [[treasure]] of the State, [[which]] [[was]] [[only]] to be used in cases of [[extreme]] [[necessity]] (v. aerarium).—Of persons: hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent, Caes. B. G. 6, 23: ut vestris [[etiam]] legionibus [[sanctus]] essem, Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60: [[uxor]], Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the [[idea]] of [[inviolability]] is [[readily]] [[attached]] [[that]] of [[exalted]] [[worth]], of [[sacredness]], or [[divinity]] (as, on the [[contrary]], [[our]] [[word]] [[sacred]] afterward [[received]] the [[meaning]] of [[inviolable]], e. g. [[sacred]] rights, a [[sacred]] [[promise]], [[sacred]] [[honor]], etc.), [[sanctus]] denotes,<br /> <b>B</b> Venerable, [[august]], [[divine]], [[sacred]], [[pure]], [[holy]] ([[very]] freq. and class.); of a [[divinity]], and of things in [[any]] [[way]] belonging to one: Saturno [[sancte]] [[create]], Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): [[Juno]] Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque [[pater]] Tiberine ([[veneror]]) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.): [[numen]], Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70: [[sedes]] deum, id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7: fana, Lucr. 5, 74: delubra, id. 6, 417; 6, 1272: [[sanctus]] augustusque [[fons]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: sanctior [[dies]] ([[with]] [[sollemnis]]), Hor. C. 4, 11, 17: ignes (of a [[sacrifice]]), Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.— After [[Augustus]], a [[title]] given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11: sanctius et reverentius est [[visum]] [[nomen]] Augusti, Flor. 4, 12, 66: [[intra]] limina sanctioris aulae, Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi): amicitiae sanctum et venerabile [[nomen]], Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15: [[libertas]], Liv. 3, 52: [[pudicitia]], id. 3, 52.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[character]], [[morally]] [[pure]], [[good]], [[innocent]], [[pious]], [[holy]], [[just]], etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset [[ille]] vir [[exemplum]] innocentiae, [[cumque]] [[illo]] [[nemo]] [[neque]] integrior esset in civitate [[neque]] sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.: sanctissimi viri, id. Lael. 11, 39: homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi, id. Fl. 29, 71: sancti et religiosi, id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.: qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes, id. Planc. 33, 80: vir in publicis religionibus foederum [[sanctus]] et [[diligens]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9: sanctius [[consilium]], Liv. 30, 16; cf.: jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum, Verg. A. 1, 426: da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61: [[Dareus]] ut erat [[sanctus]] et [[mitis]], Curt. 3, 8, 5: amores, [[pure]], [[chaste]], Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.: virgines, Hor. C. 1, 2, 27: sanctissima conjux, Verg. A. 11, 158: [[pudor]], Tib. 1, 3, 83: [[mores]] ([[with]] [[pudicitia]]), Juv. 10, 298 et saep.: me [[quidem]] id [[multo]] [[magis]] movet, [[quod]] mihi est et sanctius antiquius, Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4: [[quod]] [[apud]] omnes leve et infirmum est, id [[apud]] judicem [[grave]] et sanctum esse ducatur? id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.: est et sancta et [[gravis]] [[oratio]] (Calvi), Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.: [[oratio]], id. 8, 3, 24: [[genus]] orationis, id. 4, 2, 125: [[eloquentia]], Tac. Or. 4: [[manus]] sanctas habere, Val. Max. 2, 2, 8: sanctissima [[disciplina]] (Stoicorum), Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —<br /> <b>C</b> In eccl. Lat., substt.<br /> <b>1</b> [[sanctus]], i, m., a [[saint]], [[holy]] [[man]]: sancti tui, Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41: omnes sancti ejus, id. Psa. 30, 24. —<br /> <b>2</b> sanctum, i, n., a [[holy]] [[place]]; esp.: sanctum sanctorum, Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.: in sancto habitas, id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.: sancta sanctorum, Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. —Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, [[conscientiously]], [[scrupulously]], [[religiously]], [[with]] [[holy]] [[awe]], etc.: jurare, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4: adjurare, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26: [[nimis]] [[sancte]] [[pius]], Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.: pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56: [[auguste]] sancteque consecrare, id. ib. 2, 24, 62: disce verecundo sanctius [[ore]] loqui, Mart. 8, 1, 2: [[multa]] sunt severius scripta [[quam]] in antiquis legibus et sanctius, Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8: se sanctissime gerere, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13: te [[sancte]] [[precor]], Liv. 2, 10: illae (tabulae) servantur [[sancte]], [[scrupulously]], [[religiously]], Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.: me ea, quae [[tibi]] [[promitto]] ac [[recipio]], sanctissime esse observaturum, id. Fam. 5, 8, 5: virgines tam [[sancte]] habuit, Curt. 3, 12, 21: exempla conservatae sanctissime [[utrobique]] opinionis, Quint. 1, 2, 4: [[apud]] Sallustium dicta [[sancte]] et [[antique]], [[purely]], [[chastely]], id. 8, 3, 44. | ||
}} | |||
{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>sancĭō</b>,⁹ sānxī, sānctum, īre ([[Sancus]], [[sacer]]), tr., rendre inviolable par un [[acte]] religieux<br /><b>1</b> consacrer, rendre irrévocable : legem Cic. Planc. 44 ; Tusc. 2, 34, consacrer une loi ; hæc [[lex]] sanciatur, ut... Cic. Læl. 40, que [[cette]] loi soit consacrée, savoir que... ; fœdus sanguine alicujus sancire Cic. Quir. 13, consacrer un traité par le sang de qqn, le sceller du sang de qqn, cf. Liv. 23, 8, 10 ; [[aliquid]] legibus Cic. Rep. 1, 2, sanctionner qqch. par des lois, cf. Cic. Agr. 3, 3 ; de [[jure]] prædiorum sanctum [[est]] [[jure]] civili, ut Cic. Off. 3, 65, au sujet des immeubles le droit civil prescrit que, cf. Cic. Har. 32 ; habent legibus sanctum, [[uti]]... [[neve]] et subj. Cæs. G. 6, 20, 2, [les cités] ont un article de loi qui ordonne de..., qui interdit de ; [[lege]] sancire, ut Cic. Rep. 2, 63, prescrire par une loi que ; [[edicto]], ne Cic. Fl. 67, interdire par un édit de, cf. Liv. 28, 19 ; [[lex]] sancit, ne Cic. Rep. 2, 54, la loi interdit que ; [[nec]], [[quominus]] id [[postea]] liceret, ulla [[lex]] sanxit Cic. ad Br. 13, 3, et pas une loi n’a défendu que cela se fît par la suite || [avec prop. inf.] [[fide]] sanxerunt... Liv. 25, 8, 8, ils convinrent sous la sanction du serment que... || [en gén.] sanctionner, agréer, ratifier qqch. : Cic. Agr. 3, 13 ; Phil. 10, 17 ; Att. 14, 21, 2 ; aliquem augurem Cic. Phil. 13, 12, agréer qqn comme augure ; (religionem) in eo qui violasset sancire Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 114, sanctionner une religion sur celui qui l’a profanée [= en punissant celui qui...]<br /><b>2</b> interdire, [[aliquam]] rem [[aliqua]] re, qqch. sous peine de qqch., punir qqch. de qqch. : [[incestum]] [[supremo]] supplicio Cic. Leg. 2, 22, punir l’[[inceste]] du dernier [[supplice]], cf. Leg. 3, 46 ; Rep. 4, 12 ; Off. 3, 69 ; Att. 10, 1, 2 ; Planc. 47 ; id Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum [[est]] Cic. Off. 3, 55, c’[[est]] puni à Athènes de malédictions publiques. pqpf. arch. sancierat Pompon. d. Diom. 371, 19 ; Prisc. Gramm. 10, 4 || part. [[sancitus]] Lucr. 1, 587 ; Cass. Sev. d. Diom. 371, 21. | |||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=sancio, sānxī, sancītum u. sānctum, īre ([[sacer]]), [[heiligen]], d.i. [[durch]] relig. [[Weihe]] [[unverbrüchlich]], unverletzlich [[machen]], I) eig.: a) [[ein]] [[Gesetz]], [[ein]] [[Bündnis]] u. dgl. [[als]] [[heilig]] und [[unverbrüchlich]] [[festsetzen]], -[[verordnen]], legem, Cic.: [[lex]] [[diligenter]] sancta, Liv.: in legibus [[eadem]] [[illa]] sancta sunt, Cic.: [[foedus]] sanguine alcis, Liv.: poenam, Stat.: poenam capitis alci, Curt.: [[silentium]] [[periculo]] vitae ([[unter]] Androhung [[des]] Todes), Curt.: veniam omnium factorum dictorumque, Suet.: omnes liberos [[esse]] sanxit, Suet.: radendumque ([[esse]]) [[nomen]] sanxere, Aur. Vict.: mortuum iustitio elogioque lugendum ([[esse]]) sanxere, Aur. Vict.: sanxit [[edicto]], ne etc., Cic.: [[Solon]] capite sanxit, si [[qui]] etc., har die [[Todesstrafe]] [[darauf]] [[gesetzt]], Cic.: [[neque]], [[quominus]] id [[postea]] fieret, ulla [[lex]] sanxit, Cic.: Valerii [[lex]] sanxit, ne etc., Cic.: quā [[lege]] videmus [[satis]] sanctum, ut cives [[Romani]] sint ii, quos Cn. [[Pompeius]] de consilii [[sententia]] [[singillatim]] civitate donaverit, Cic.: habent legibus sanctum, si [[quis]] [[quid]] de re [[publica]] a finitimis rumore [[aut]] famā acceperit, [[uti]] ad magistratum deferat, Caes.: de iure praediorum sanctum [[apud]] [[nos]] [[non]] est iure civili, Cic. – b) [[durch]] [[ein]] [[Gesetz]] usw. [[unwiderruflich]] [[bekräftigen]], [[besiegeln]], [[bestätigen]], [[genehmigen]], [[anerkennen]], [[acta]] Caesaris, Cic.: dignitatem alcis, Cic.: foedera fulmine, Verg.: dextrā datā fidem futurae amicitiae, Liv.: [[ius]] imperii morte, Curt.: iurando gratiam, Curt.: [[quae]] [[coniunctio]] necessitudinem eorum sanxit, Nep.: augurem, Cic. – II) übtr., etw. [[bei]] [[Strafe]] [[verbieten]], [[verpönen]], [[incestum]] supplicio, Cic.: [[lege]] sanciri [[aut]] iure civili, Cic.: honoris [[cupiditas]] ignominiā sancitur, Cic.: [[quod]] Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est, Cic. – / Archaist. Perfektform sancierat, Pompon. Sec. [[bei]] Diom. 371, 19 u. Prisc. 10, 49 (wo [[auch]] [[als]] archaist. sancivi [[ohne]] [[Beleg]]): ungew. Partiz. Perf. sancītus, Lucr. 1, 587. Cass. Sev. [[bei]] Diom. 371, 21. Vulg. Hebr. 8, 6. | |||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=sancio, is, sanxi, sanctum ''vel'' sancitum, sancire. 4. :: 立。定。諭定。准。— id capite 不守此禁卽斬。— regnum ei 准其王。*Sancivi ''pro'' Sanxi. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:52, 6 November 2024
Latin > English
sancio sancire, sanxi, sanctus V TRANS :: confirm, ratify; sanction; fulfil (prophesy); enact (law); ordain; dedicate
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
sancĭo: xi, ctum, 4 (
I pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.: sancivi, Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. ἉΓ, ἅγιος, ἁγνός, to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.
I Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).
A Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.): legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc., Cic. Planc. 18, 44: Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit, id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.: quasdam leges ex integro sanxit, Suet. Aug. 34; and: sancire legem, Ne quis, etc., Liv. 3, 55: tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24: quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam, id. S. 1, 3, 67: legem sanciendo, Liv. 3, 55 et saep.—Pass.: haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc., Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.: M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam, Liv. 10, 9: sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset, Cic. Balb. 14, 33: sanxisset jura nobis, id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904: in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123: cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda, Liv. 8, 7: SENTENTIAM, Inscr. Orell. 4405: foedus, to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24: foedera sanguine, id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.: foedera fulmine, Verg. A. 12, 200.—
B Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.: alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.: genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri, id. Agr. 3, 1, 3: quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat, Liv. 30, 19: ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37: neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta, Quint. 2, 13, 6: coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum, Tac. Agr. 27: eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi, Liv. 34, 4: nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit, Just. 3, 2, 8: de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc., Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65: inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc., id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.: habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 20: lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32: primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc., Tac. A. 6, 16: Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc., Cic. Fl. 28, 67: in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc., Liv. 28, 19: nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—
(b) Without abl.: de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est, Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.: acta Caesaris, id. Att. 14, 21, 2: quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult, id. Agr. 3 4, 13: augurem Jovis optimi maximi, id. Phil. 13, 5, 12: cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat, id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70: quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc., id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—
C With acc. and inf.: rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros, Liv. 25, 8: omnes liberos esse sanxit, Suet. Claud. 25.—
D Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause): at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8: consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur, id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.: res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit, id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—
E Poet., with relative-clause: quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat, Lucr. 1, 587. —
F To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate: sancire alicui carmina, Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—
II Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare): incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.: noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur, id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47: hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est, id. Off. 3, 17, 69: erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est, id. ib. 3, 13, 55: Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset, made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine: injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt, Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.
A Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus; but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum, Dig. 1, 8, 9: sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos, ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.: sanctae res, veluti muri et portae, ib. 1, 8, 1: campus, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11: tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto, id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus): societas, id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49: fides induciarum, Liv. 8, 37: nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so, officium, id. Quint. 6, 26: poëtae...poëtae nomen, id. Arch. 8, 18 sq.—Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons: hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent, Caes. B. G. 6, 23: ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem, Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60: uxor, Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,
B Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.): numen, Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70: sedes deum, id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7: fana, Lucr. 5, 74: delubra, id. 6, 417; 6, 1272: sanctus augustusque fons, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: sanctior dies (with sollemnis), Hor. C. 4, 11, 17: ignes (of a sacrifice), Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.— After Augustus, a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11: sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti, Flor. 4, 12, 66: intra limina sanctioris aulae, Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi): amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen, Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15: libertas, Liv. 3, 52: pudicitia, id. 3, 52.—
2 Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.: sanctissimi viri, id. Lael. 11, 39: homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi, id. Fl. 29, 71: sancti et religiosi, id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.: qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes, id. Planc. 33, 80: vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens, id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9: sanctius consilium, Liv. 30, 16; cf.: jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum, Verg. A. 1, 426: da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61: Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis, Curt. 3, 8, 5: amores, pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.: virgines, Hor. C. 1, 2, 27: sanctissima conjux, Verg. A. 11, 158: pudor, Tib. 1, 3, 83: mores (with pudicitia), Juv. 10, 298 et saep.: me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius, Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4: quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur? id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.: est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi), Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.: oratio, id. 8, 3, 24: genus orationis, id. 4, 2, 125: eloquentia, Tac. Or. 4: manus sanctas habere, Val. Max. 2, 2, 8: sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum), Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —
C In eccl. Lat., substt.
1 sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man: sancti tui, Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41: omnes sancti ejus, id. Psa. 30, 24. —
2 sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.: sanctum sanctorum, Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.: in sancto habitas, id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.: sancta sanctorum, Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. —Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.: jurare, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4: adjurare, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26: nimis sancte pius, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.: pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56: auguste sancteque consecrare, id. ib. 2, 24, 62: disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui, Mart. 8, 1, 2: multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius, Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8: se sanctissime gerere, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13: te sancte precor, Liv. 2, 10: illae (tabulae) servantur sancte, scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.: me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum, id. Fam. 5, 8, 5: virgines tam sancte habuit, Curt. 3, 12, 21: exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis, Quint. 1, 2, 4: apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique, purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
sancĭō,⁹ sānxī, sānctum, īre (Sancus, sacer), tr., rendre inviolable par un acte religieux
1 consacrer, rendre irrévocable : legem Cic. Planc. 44 ; Tusc. 2, 34, consacrer une loi ; hæc lex sanciatur, ut... Cic. Læl. 40, que cette loi soit consacrée, savoir que... ; fœdus sanguine alicujus sancire Cic. Quir. 13, consacrer un traité par le sang de qqn, le sceller du sang de qqn, cf. Liv. 23, 8, 10 ; aliquid legibus Cic. Rep. 1, 2, sanctionner qqch. par des lois, cf. Cic. Agr. 3, 3 ; de jure prædiorum sanctum est jure civili, ut Cic. Off. 3, 65, au sujet des immeubles le droit civil prescrit que, cf. Cic. Har. 32 ; habent legibus sanctum, uti... neve et subj. Cæs. G. 6, 20, 2, [les cités] ont un article de loi qui ordonne de..., qui interdit de ; lege sancire, ut Cic. Rep. 2, 63, prescrire par une loi que ; edicto, ne Cic. Fl. 67, interdire par un édit de, cf. Liv. 28, 19 ; lex sancit, ne Cic. Rep. 2, 54, la loi interdit que ; nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit Cic. ad Br. 13, 3, et pas une loi n’a défendu que cela se fît par la suite || [avec prop. inf.] fide sanxerunt... Liv. 25, 8, 8, ils convinrent sous la sanction du serment que... || [en gén.] sanctionner, agréer, ratifier qqch. : Cic. Agr. 3, 13 ; Phil. 10, 17 ; Att. 14, 21, 2 ; aliquem augurem Cic. Phil. 13, 12, agréer qqn comme augure ; (religionem) in eo qui violasset sancire Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 114, sanctionner une religion sur celui qui l’a profanée [= en punissant celui qui...]
2 interdire, aliquam rem aliqua re, qqch. sous peine de qqch., punir qqch. de qqch. : incestum supremo supplicio Cic. Leg. 2, 22, punir l’inceste du dernier supplice, cf. Leg. 3, 46 ; Rep. 4, 12 ; Off. 3, 69 ; Att. 10, 1, 2 ; Planc. 47 ; id Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est Cic. Off. 3, 55, c’est puni à Athènes de malédictions publiques. pqpf. arch. sancierat Pompon. d. Diom. 371, 19 ; Prisc. Gramm. 10, 4 || part. sancitus Lucr. 1, 587 ; Cass. Sev. d. Diom. 371, 21.
Latin > German (Georges)
sancio, sānxī, sancītum u. sānctum, īre (sacer), heiligen, d.i. durch relig. Weihe unverbrüchlich, unverletzlich machen, I) eig.: a) ein Gesetz, ein Bündnis u. dgl. als heilig und unverbrüchlich festsetzen, -verordnen, legem, Cic.: lex diligenter sancta, Liv.: in legibus eadem illa sancta sunt, Cic.: foedus sanguine alcis, Liv.: poenam, Stat.: poenam capitis alci, Curt.: silentium periculo vitae (unter Androhung des Todes), Curt.: veniam omnium factorum dictorumque, Suet.: omnes liberos esse sanxit, Suet.: radendumque (esse) nomen sanxere, Aur. Vict.: mortuum iustitio elogioque lugendum (esse) sanxere, Aur. Vict.: sanxit edicto, ne etc., Cic.: Solon capite sanxit, si qui etc., har die Todesstrafe darauf gesetzt, Cic.: neque, quominus id postea fieret, ulla lex sanxit, Cic.: Valerii lex sanxit, ne etc., Cic.: quā lege videmus satis sanctum, ut cives Romani sint ii, quos Cn. Pompeius de consilii sententia singillatim civitate donaverit, Cic.: habent legibus sanctum, si quis quid de re publica a finitimis rumore aut famā acceperit, uti ad magistratum deferat, Caes.: de iure praediorum sanctum apud nos non est iure civili, Cic. – b) durch ein Gesetz usw. unwiderruflich bekräftigen, besiegeln, bestätigen, genehmigen, anerkennen, acta Caesaris, Cic.: dignitatem alcis, Cic.: foedera fulmine, Verg.: dextrā datā fidem futurae amicitiae, Liv.: ius imperii morte, Curt.: iurando gratiam, Curt.: quae coniunctio necessitudinem eorum sanxit, Nep.: augurem, Cic. – II) übtr., etw. bei Strafe verbieten, verpönen, incestum supplicio, Cic.: lege sanciri aut iure civili, Cic.: honoris cupiditas ignominiā sancitur, Cic.: quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est, Cic. – / Archaist. Perfektform sancierat, Pompon. Sec. bei Diom. 371, 19 u. Prisc. 10, 49 (wo auch als archaist. sancivi ohne Beleg): ungew. Partiz. Perf. sancītus, Lucr. 1, 587. Cass. Sev. bei Diom. 371, 21. Vulg. Hebr. 8, 6.
Latin > Chinese
sancio, is, sanxi, sanctum vel sancitum, sancire. 4. :: 立。定。諭定。准。— id capite 不守此禁卽斬。— regnum ei 准其王。*Sancivi pro Sanxi.
