aqua
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
ăqua: ae (ACVA, Inscr. Grut. 593, 5;
I gen. aquāï, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 71; Lucr. 1, 284; 1. 285; 1, 307; 1, 454 et saep.; Verg. A. 7, 464; poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 9, 15; Cic. Arat. 179; Prud. Apoth. 702; the dat. aquaï also was used acc. to Charis. p. 538; v. Neue, Formenl. I. pp. 9, 11, 12; pp. 14 sq.; aquae, as trisyl., Lucr. 6, 552 Lachm.), f. cf. Sanscr. ap = water; Wallach. apa, and Goth. ahva = river; old Germ. Aha; Celt. achi; and the Gr. proper names Μεσς-άπι-οι and γῆ Ἀπί-α, and the Lat. Apuli, Apiola; prob. ultimately con. with Sanscr. ācus = swift, ācer, and ὠκύς, from the notion of quickly, easily moving. Curtius..
Water, in its most gen. signif. (as an element, rainwater, river-water, sea-water, etc.; in class. Lat. often plur. to denote several streams, springs, in one place or region, and com. plur. in Vulg. O. T. after the Hebrew): aër, aqua, terra, vapores, Quo pacto fiant, Lucr. 1, 567: SI. AQVA. PLVVIA. NOCET, Fragm. of the XII. Tab. ap. Dig. 40, 7, 21; cf. Dirks. Transl. p. 486; so also of titles in the Digg. 39, 3; cf. ib. 43, 20: pluvialis, rain-water, Ov. M. 8, 335, and Sen. Q. N. 3, 1; so, aquae pluviae, Cic. Mur. 9, 22; Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233; Quint. 10, 1, 109 (and pluviae absol., Cic. Att. 15, 16, B; Lucr. 6, 519; Verg. G. 1, 92; Ov. F. 2, 71; Plin. 2, 106, 110, § 227); so, caelestes aquae, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135; Liv. 4, 30, 7; 5, 12, 2; Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14; so, aquae de nubibus, Vulg. 2 Reg. 22, 12: aquae nivis, snow-water, ib. Job, 9, 30: fluvialis, river-water, Col. 6, 22; so, aqua fluminis, Vulg. Jer. 2, 18: aquaï fons, Lucr. 5, 602: fons aquae, Vulg. Gen. 24, 13: fontes aquarum, ib. Joel, 1, 20: flumen aquae, Verg. A. 11, 495: fluvius aquae, Vulg. Apoc. 22, 1: rivus aquae, Verg. E. 8, 87: rivi aquarum, Vulg. Isa. 32, 2: torrens aquae, ib. Macc. 5, 40; and plur., ib. Jer. 31, 9: dulcis, fresh-water, Fr. eau douce, Lucr. 6, 890: fons aquae dulcis, Cic. Verr. 4, 118; and plur.: aquae dulces, Verg. G. 4, 61; id. A. 1, 167: marina, sea-water (v. also salsus, amarus), Cic. Att. 1, 16; so, aquae maris, Vulg. Gen. 1, 22; ib. Exod. 15, 19: dulcis et amara aqua, ib. Jac. 3, 11: perennis, never-failing, Liv. 1, 21; and plur.: quo in summo (loco) est aequata agri planities et aquae perennes, Cic. Verr. 4, 107: aqua profluens, running-water, id. Off. 1, 16, 52; so, currentes aquae, Vulg. Isa. 30, 25; so, aqua viva, living-water, Varr. L. L. 5, 26, 35; Vulg. Gen. 26, 19; and plur.: aquae vivae, ib. Num. 19, 17; and in a spiritual sense: aqua viva, ib. Joan. 4, 10; so, vitae, ib. Apoc. 22, 17: aquae viventes, ib. Lev. 14, 5: stagna aquae, standing-water, Prop. 4, 17, 2; and plur., Vulg. Psa. 106, 35; so, stativae aquae, Varr. ap. Non. p. 217, 2: aquae de puteis, well-water, Vulg. Num. 20, 17: aqua de cisternā, cisternwater, ib. 2 Reg. 23, 16; so, aqua cisternae, ib. Isa. 36, 16: aquae pessimae, ib. 4 Reg. 2, 19: aqua recens, Verg. A. 6, 636: turbida, Vulg. Jer. 2, 18: crassa, ib. 2 Macc. 1, 20: munda, ib. Heb. 10, 22: purissima, ib. Ezech. 34, 18: aquae calidae, warm-water, ib. Gen. 36, 24; and absol.: calida, Cato, R. R. 156, 3; Plin. 25, 7, 38, § 77; Tac. G. 22; and contr.: calda, Col. 6, 13; Plin. 23, 4, 41, § 83: aqua fervens, boiling-water: aliquem aquā ferventi perfundere, Cic. Verr. 1, 67: aqua frigida, cold-water, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 37; Vulg. Prov. 25, 23; ib. Matt. 10, 42; and absol.: frigida, Cels. 1, 5; Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 11; Quint. 5, 11, 31: aqua decocta, water boiled and then cooled with ice or snow, Mart. 14, 116; and absol.: decocta, Juv. 5, 50; Suet. Ner. 48 al.—
B Particular phrases.
1 Praebere aquam, to invite to a feast, to entertain (with ref. to the use of water at table for washing and drinking), Hor. S. 1, 4, 88 (cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 69).—
2 Aquam aspergere alicui, to give new life or courage, to animate, refresh, revive (the fig. taken from sprinkling one who is in a swoon): ah, adspersisti aquam! Jam rediit animus, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 15.—
3 Aqua et ignis, to express the most common necessaries of life: non aquā, non igni, ut aiunt, locis pluribus utimur quam amicitiā, Cic. Lael. 6, 22.—Hence aquā et igni interdicere alicui, to deny intercourse or familiarity with one, to exclude from civil society, to banish, Cic. Phil. 1, 9; so the bride, on the day of marriage, received from the bridegroom aqua et ignis, as a symbol of their union: aquā et igni tam interdici solet damnatis quam accipiunt nuptae, videlicet quia hae duae res humanam vitam maxime continent, Paul. ex Fest. p. 3 Müll. (this custom is differently explained in Varr. L. L. 5, 9, 18): aquam et terram petere, of an enemy (like γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν), to demand submission, Liv. 35, 17: aquam ipsos (hostes) terramque poscentium, ut neque fontium haustum nec solitos cibos relinquerent deditis, Curt. 3, 10, 8.— Provv.
a Ex uno puteo similior numquam potis Aqua aquaï sumi quam haec est atque ista hospita, you can't find two peas more like, Plaut. Mil. 1, 6, 70 sq.—
b In aquā scribere = καθ ὕδατος γράφειν, to write in water, of something transient, useless: cupido quod dicit amanti, In vento et rapidā scribere oportet aquā, Cat. 70, 4 (cf. Keats' epitaph on himself: here lies one whose name was writ in water; and the Germ., etwas hinter die Feueresse schreiben).—
II Water, in a more restricted sense.
A The sea: coge, ut ad aquam tibi frumentum Ennenses metiantur, on the sea-coast, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83: laborum quos ego sum terrā, quos ego passus aquā, Ov. P. 2, 7, 30: findite remigio aquas! id. F. 3, 586.—Trop.: Venimus in portum ... Naviget hinc aliā jam mihi linter aquā, in other waters let my bark now sail (cf. Milton in the Lycidas: To-morrow to fresh woods and pastures new), Ov. F. 2, 864.—
B = la. cus, a lake: Albanae aquae deductio, Cic. Div. 1, 44 fin.—
C A stream, a river. in Tuscae gurgite mersus aquae, i. e. Albula, Ov. F. 4, 48: alii in aquam caeci ruebant, Liv. 1, 27: sonitus multarum aquarum, of many streams, Vulg. Isa. 17, 12; ib. Apoc. 1, 15; 19, 6: lignum, quod plantatum est secus decursus aquarum, along the watercourses, ib. Psa. 1, 3.—
D Rain: cornix augur aquae, Hor. C. 3, 17, 12: deūm genitor effusis aethera siccat aquis, Ov. F. 3, 286: multā terra madescit aquā, id. ib. 6, 198: aquae magnae bis eo anno fuerunt, heavy rains, a flood, inundation, Liv. 24, 9; 38, 28.—
E In the plur., medicinal springs, waters, baths.
1 In gen.: ad aquas venire, Cic. Planc. 27, 65; id. Fam. 16, 24, 2: aquae caldae, Varr. L. L. 9, 69, p. 219 Müll.: aquae calidae, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 227: aquae medicatae, Sen. Q. N. 3, 25: aquae Salutiferae, Mart. 5, 1.—Hence,
2 As prop. noun, Waters. Some of the most important were.
a Ăquae Ăpollĭnāres, in Etruria, prob. the Phoebi vada of Mart. 6, 42, 7, now Bagni di Stigliano, Tab. Peut.—
b Ăquae Aurēlĭae, in the Black Forest in Germany, now Baden-Baden, Inscr.—
c Ăquae Baiae, in Campania, Prop. 1, 11, 30; earlier called Ăquae Cūmānae, Liv. 41, 16.—
d Ăquae Călĭdae,
(a) In Britain, now Bath; also called Ăquae Sōlis, Itin Anton.—
(b) In Zeugitana on the Gulf of Carthage, now Hammam Gurbos, Liv. 30, 24, 9; Tab. Peut.—
(g) In Gallia, now Vichy on the Allier, Tab. Theod.—
e Ăquae Cĭcĕrōnĭānae, at Cicero's villa at Puteoli, Plin. 31, 2, 3, § 6.—
f Ăquae Mattĭăcae, among the Mattiaci in Germany, now Wiesbaden, Amm. 29, 4, also called Fontes Mattĭăci in Plin. 31, 2, 17, § 20.—
Ăquae Sextĭae, near Massilia, once a famous watering-place, now Aix, Liv Epit 61; Vell. 1, 15; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36.—
Ăquae Tauri or Tau-ri Thermae, in Etruria, now Bagni di Ferrata, Plin. 3, 5, 8, § 52. V. Smith, Dict. Geog., s. v. Aquae.—
F The water in the water-clock. From the use of this clock in regulating the length of speeches, etc. (cf. clepsydra), arose the tropical phrases,
(a) Aquam dare, to give the advocate time for speaking, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 7.—
(b) Aquam perdere, to spend time unprofitably, to waste it, Quint. 11, 3, 52.—
(g) Aqua haeret, the water stops, i.e. I am at a loss, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117: in hac causā mihi aqua haeret, id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 7.—
Aqua intercus, the water under the skin of a dropsical person; hence, as med. t., the dropsy, Plaut. Men. 5, 4, 3: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem dare, Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92: decessit morbo aquae intercutis, Suet. Ner 5; cf. Cels. 2, 8.—Trop.: aquam in animo habere intercutem, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 37, 3.—
III Aqua, the name of a constellation, Gr. Ὕδωρ: hae tenues stellae perhibentur nomine Aquāī, Cic. Arat. 179 (as translation of τοὺς πάντας καλέουσιν Ὕδωρ); v. Orell. ad h. l.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) ăqua,⁶ æ, f.
1 eau : Cic. Nat. 1, 19, etc. || pl., aquæ perennes Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 107, des eaux intarissables
2 eau de rivière : Sall. J. 75, 6 ; Liv. 1, 27, 11, etc. || aqua Albana Cic. Div. 2, 69, lac d’Albe || la mer : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 86 ; Fam. 12, 15, 2 || eau de pluie : Cic. de Or. 3, 180, etc. || [au pl.] eaux thermales, eaux pour les baigneurs, etc. : ad aquas venire Cic. Planc. 65, venir aux eaux, cf. Att. 14, 12, 2 || Aqua Cic. Arat. 34, 179, Eau [constellation] || aqua intercus, v. intercus
3 [expressions] : præbere aquam Hor. S. 1, 4, 88, offrir l’eau pour les ablutions avant le repas, [d’où] inviter qqn || aquam dare Plin. Min. Ep. 6, 2, 7, fixer le temps de parole à un avocat [clepsydre] ; aquam perdere Quint. 11, 3, 52, mal employer son temps de parole || mihi aqua hæret Cic. Q. 2, 6, 2, je suis dans l’embarras, cf. Off. 3, 117 || aqua et igni interdicere, v. interdico || aquam et terram ab aliquo petere Liv. 35, 17, 7, demander l’eau et la terre = demander la soumission de l’ennemi, cf. Curt. 3, 10, 8.
gén. arch. aquāī Pl.; Lucr. 1, 283, etc. ; Virg. En. 7, 464 || aqüæ (tris.) Lucr. 6, 552 ; aqüai (4 syll.) Lucr. 6, 1072.
Latin > German (Georges)
aqua, ae, f. (vgl. got. ahwa, ahd. aha), das Wasser, I) eig.: A) Wasser in der allgemeinsten Bedeutung des Wortes (Naturelement, Regenwasser, Fluß-, Meerwasser usw.), aër, aqua, terra, vapores, quo pacto fiant, Lucr.: dulcis, dulcior, Cato u. Plin.: pluvia, Cic., od. pluvialis, Ov., od. caelestis, Hor. u. Sen., Regenwasser: fluvialis, Col.: marina, Cic.: viva, fließendes Wasser, Varr. LL.: putealis, Brunnenwasser, Suet. fr.: cisternina, Sen.: salsa, Col. u. Aur. Vict.: aqua profluens (fließendes), Cic. u. Liv.: aqua fervida, Liv.: aqua ferme genus tenus alta, Liv.: aquam foras! vinum intro! Petr.: ferre aquam pedibus, dare aquam manibus, Plaut.: os aquā implere, W. in den M. nehmen, Sen.: aquam in os suum non coniciet, Petr.: visne aquam tibi petam? Plaut.: aquam velim, Plaut.: aquam petere sacris, Liv.: aquam ad restinguendum ferre, Liv. – Plur. (s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 Bd. 1. S. 605), vapor aquarum, Cic.: magnitudo aquarum, Liv.: aquae dulces, marinae, Cic.: aquae longae, Wasserstrahlen, Ov.: aquae caelestes, Regenwasser, Liv.: aquae magnae bis eo anno fuerunt, Liv.: aquae ingentes, Liv.: tanta tempestas cooritur, ut numquam illis locis maiores aquas fuisse constaret, Caes.: hae permanserunt aquae (Hochwasser) dies complures, Caes. – Besondere, meist sprichw. Redensarten: a) aspergere alci aquam, Mut einflößen, neu beleben, eig. mit frischem Wasser besprengen (einen Ohnmächtigen), Plaut. truc. 366. – b) aquam praebere (zum Mischen des Weins bei Tische), zu Tische laden, bewirten, Hor. sat. 1, 4, 88. – c) aqua et ignis, für die wichtigsten Lebensbedürfnisse, non aquā, non igni, ut aiunt, locis pluribus utimur, quam amicitiā, Cic. de amic. 22: u. so erhält die Braut am Vermählungstage aqua et ignis als Symbol ihrer Vereinigung, Paul. ex Fest. 2, 15 (anders erklärt bei Varr. LL. 5, 61). – Dah. die Redensarten: α) aquā et igni interdicere alci, Cic., Caes. u.a., od. aquā et igni alqm arcere, Tac., die Gemeinschaft mit jmd. aufheben, ihn aus der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft stoßen, ihn verbannen; vgl. Ruperti Tac. ann. 3, 86, 2. – β) aquam terramque petere ab alqo od. poscere, γην καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτειν (eine persische Sitte), vom Feinde Unterwerfung fordern, Liv. 35, 17, 7. Curt. 3, 10 (25), 8. – d) sed aqua haeret, ut aiunt, da hapert es (= die Sache findet Schwierigkeiten, gerät ins Stocken), Cic. de off. 3, 117: in hac causa mihi aqua haeret, Cic. ad Q. fr. 2, 8 (6), 2. – e) in aqua scribere, etwas im Wasser, wo es sofort vergeht, ausschreiben, unser »hinter die Feueresse schreiben«, Catull. 70, 3. – f) aquas in mare fundere, Wasser ins Meer tragen, Ov. trist. 5, 6, 44. – B) Wasser im engern Sinne: 1) für Gewässer, a) = Meer, ad aquam, an der Meeresküste, Cic.: labores, quos ego sum terrā, quos ego passus aquā, Ov.: übtr., naviget hinc aliā iam mihi linter aquā, ein neues Buch mag nun in See stechen, Ov. – b) = See (lacus), Albanae aquae deductio, Cic. – c) = Fluß, in aquam caeci ruebant, Liv.: secundā aquā, stromabwärts, Liv. – 2) für Regen, aquae augur cornix, Hor.: aquarum agmen, Regenguß, Verg. – 3) Plur. aquae, a) Quellen, aquarum abundantia, Eutr.: aquae dulces, Verg. – b) Heilquelle, Gesundbrunnen, warme Bäder, aquae calidae, Liv.: aquae medicatae, Plin.: aquarum salubrium usus, Tac.: ad aquas venire, Cic. – Dah. als nom. propr. (vgl. unser: Altwasser, Salzbrunn usw.), Aquae Albulae, Calidae, Cumanae, Mattiacae, Septem, Sextiae, Statiellae u.a., s. calidus, Cumanus (unter Cumae), Mattiacus usw. – 4) für Wasserleitung, aqua Claudia, Crabra u. dgl., s. Claudius etc.: aqua promissa, Vell.: aquam perducere (v. Appius), Liv. epit.: aquam in urbem ducere, Liv.: aquam ducere non longe a villa, Cic. – 5) das Wasser in der Wasseruhr. Von dem Gebrauch dieser Uhr bei den Vorträgen (vgl. clepsydra) entstanden die bildl. u. sprichw. Ausdrücke: α) aquam dare, Redezeit gestatten, Plin. ep. 6, 2, 7. – β) aquam perdere, die Zeit unnütz hinbringen. Quint. 11, 3, 52. – 6) aqua intercus, s. inter-cus. – 7) das Wasser in den Augen, d.i. die Tränen, illius ex oculis multa cadebat aqua, Prop. 3, 6, 10. – II) übtr., Aqua, das Wasser, ein Gestirn, griech. Ὕδωρ, Cic. Arat. 179. – / Archaist. Genet. aquai, Plaut. Poen. 432. Lucr. 1, 283 u. ö. Cic. poët. de div. 1, 15 u. 2, 63. Verg. Aen. 7, 464. Prud. apoth. 702. – Gegen die Diärese aqüa s. Ritschl opusc. 2, 604 ff.