υἱός: Difference between revisions
Νέµουσι δ' οἴκους καὶ τὰ ναυστολούµενα ἔσω δόµων σῴζουσιν, οὐδ' ἐρηµίᾳ γυναικὸς οἶκος εὐπινὴς οὐδ' ὄλβιος → They manage households, and save what is brought by sea within the home, and no house deprived of a woman can be tidy and prosperous
(CSV import) |
m (Text replacement - "<span class="bibl">LXX" to "<span class="bibl">LXX") |
||
Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
|Transliteration C=yios | |Transliteration C=yios | ||
|Beta Code=ui(o/s | |Beta Code=ui(o/s | ||
|Definition=ὁ (written [[ϝηιός]] in <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. <span class="bibl">1931.103</span> (Nemea, vi B. C.)), declined regul. [[υἱοῦ]], [[υἱῷ]], [[υἱόν]], but in Att. Inscrr. only after <span class="bibl">350</span> B.C. (exc. υἱός <span class="title">IG</span>12.529,530, 598, 625; [[ὑός]] ib. 585, 828; [[ὑόν]]ib.70.8), and then always so: —in earlier Att. and other Inscrr. inflected as a ῠ-stem (like [[πῆχυς]]), nom. [[υἱύς]] (written [[huihus]]) Klein [[Vasen mit Meister-signaturen]] 72 (<span class="title">Brit.Mus.Cat.</span>701) (ὑύς <span class="title">IG</span>12.571, 670, 686; contr. [[ὕς]] ib.663); gen. [[υἱέος]] (ὑέος <span class="title">IG</span>22.4883); dat. [[υἱεῖ]]: dual υἱεῖ <span class="bibl">Lys.19.46</span>, written ηυιε in <span class="title">IG</span>12.775 (corrupted to [[υἱέε]] in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>20a</span> cod. B), [[υἱέοιν]]: pl. [[υἱεῖς]] (ὑεῖς <span class="title">IG</span>12.115.14, al.), [[υἱέων]], [[υἱέσι]] (<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>571</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>1001</span> (anap.)), <b class="b3">ὑέ[σιν</b>] (<span class="title">IG</span>12.54.14), [[υἱεῖς]] (ὑεῖς <span class="title">IG</span>22.1.73): but gen. [[υἱέως]], and acc. [[υἱέα]], [[υἱέας]], which are formed as though from nom. [[Υἱεύς]], are rejected by Phryn.48,49, Thom.Mag.p.367 R., as not Att., though the two latter forms are used by later writers (as υἱέα <span class="bibl">Euph. 5</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>16</span>, ὑέα <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).244.4 (Epid., ii B. C.), but [[υἱέως]] is f. l. in <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>18.2.4</span>, etc.): dat. pl. [[υἱεῦσιν]] is mentioned as a form that would be regular by <span class="bibl">Eust.1348.27</span>:—Homer uses nom. [[υἱός]] (very freq.); gen. [[υἱοῦ]] only in <span class="bibl">Od.22.238</span>, elsewhere <b class="b3">υἱέος;</b> dat. [[υἱέϊ]] or <b class="b3">υἱεῖ;</b> acc. υἱέα <span class="bibl">Il.13.350</span> (cf. <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.360.29 (Pergam., hex.)), elsewhere [[υἱόν]] (very freq.): pl., nom. υἱέες <span class="bibl">Il.5.10</span>, al., or υἱεῖς <span class="bibl">Od.15.248</span>, <span class="bibl">24.387</span>,<span class="bibl">497</span>; gen. υἱῶν <span class="bibl">Il.21.587</span>, <span class="bibl">22.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.223</span>; dat. [[υἱοῖσι]] (ν) only <span class="bibl">Od.19.418</span>, [[υἱάσι]] (ν) <span class="bibl">Il.5.463</span>, al. (never [[υἱέσι]]); acc. [[υἱέας]] ib.<span class="bibl">149</span>, al.:— he also uses the shorter forms, gen. [[υἷος]], [[υἷι]], [[υἷα]], dual [[υἷε]] (distinguished from the voc. sg. [[υἱέ]] by the accent), pl. <b class="b3">υἷες, υἷας;</b> but these were confined to Ep.: their accentuation (in which codd. agree with Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.409</span>) may preserve a trace of their Aeolic origin (v. infr.). The declension <b class="b3">υἱῆος, υἱῆϊ, υἱῆα, υἱῆες, υἱήεσσι, υἱῆας</b> (like [[βασιλῆος]], etc., as though from [[υἱεύς]]), belongs solely to later Ep. poets, as <span class="bibl">A.R.2.1093</span>,<span class="bibl">1119</span>, Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>110, <span class="title">AP</span>9.23 (Antip.), etc. Dialect Inscrr. have the foll. archaic forms, nom. υἱύς <span class="title">IG</span>5 (1).720 (Lacon.), <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>12.17 (υιυις lapis); acc. υἱύν <span class="title">Inscr.Olymp.</span>30, <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>10.15; gen. [[υἱέος]] ib.6.3, <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 105 (Methana, vi B. C.); but υἱοῦ <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).867 (Corc., vii B. C.); nom. pl. υἱέες <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>7.25; acc. pl. [[υἱύνς]] ib. 4.40, <span class="title">IG</span>12.407 (Cret. or Argive); dat. pl. υἱάσι <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>4.37 (as in Hom., influenced by [[θυγατράσι]], [[πατράσι]], which have ρα = [[ṛ]], cf. Skt. [[pitṛṣu]]); ὑέεσσι <span class="title">IG</span>14.10 (Syrac.); [[υἷος]] in <span class="title">SIG</span>55 (Thessaly, v B. C.) is perhaps the Aeol. gen. ([[ὑός]] is nom. rather than gen. in <span class="title">IG</span>12.828); acc. ὗα <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 625 (Mytil., ii/i B. C.); a nom. [[ὑϊς]] (scanned - ) <span class="title">IG</span>12.472 (Boeotia, vi B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl">Simon.249</span> (v. infr.); nom. pl. ὗες <span class="title">IG</span>22.3632.24 (hex., Eleusis, ii A. D.). The initial [[syllable]] is both [[υἱ]]-and [[ὑ]]-in Att. Inscrr. down to 400 B.C. (e. g. ὑεῖς <span class="title">IG</span>12.115.14, <b class="b3">ὑέ[σιν]</b> ib.54.14, [[ὑόν]] v. supr.), afterwards <b class="b3">ὑ-</b>, but [[υἱός]] reappears under the Empire; in Plato cod. A usually has [[ὑιος]], which is found also in T, cod. B always has [[υἱός]], editors restore <b class="b3">ὑός;</b> acc. [[υἱόν]] is recommended by Phryn. l. c.; in Inscrr. of Pergamon, Magnesia, and Delphi, and in non-literary Papyri, [[ὑός]] is at all times less common than [[υἱός]]:—<b class="b3">ὁ υεἱός</b> <span class="title">CIG</span> (add.) 3857p; dat. [[υεἱῷ]] ib.3846z82 (both Phrygia), cf. <span class="title">BCH</span>11.471:—[[son]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.366</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα</b> to adopt as [[a son]], <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.28</span>; <b class="b3">υἱεῖς ἄνδρες</b> grown-up [[sons]], <span class="bibl">D. 25.88</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">Κόρον Ὕβριος υἱόν</b> Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.77</span>: rarely of animals, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>21.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[periphrasis]], <b class="b3">υἷες Ἀχαιῶν</b>, for [[Ἀχαιοί]], <span class="bibl">Il. 1.162</span>, al.; cf. [[παῖς]] <span class="bibl">1.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> generally, [[child]], and so <b class="b3">υἱ. ἄρρην</b> male [[child]], Apoc.12.5, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>9.1039.36</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> freq. in [[LXX]] in periphrases (Hebraisms with various meanings), υἱὸς ἐτῶν ἑκατόν 100 [[years old]], [[Ge]].11.10, al.; υἱοὶ ἀδικίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ki.</span>7.10</span>; υἱοὶ θανατώσεως <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ki.</span> 26.16</span>; υἱοὶ τῶν συμμίζεων [[hostages]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">4 Ki.</span>14.14</span>; so υἱὸς εἰρήνης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> in some dialects, including the Ion. Prose of Hdt., [[υἱός]] is replaced by [[παῖς]]: [[υἱός]] is rare in Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>609</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span> 320</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1689</span> (anap.), al., and <span class="bibl">7</span> times in S.: Hom. has both words in this sense. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> as a general term of affection, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>68.2</span> (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1219.2</span> (iii A. D.); [[υἱέ]], an author's address to the reader, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Pr.</span>1.8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">δάμου υἱός, υἱὸς πόλεως, Ἑλλάδος</b>, as titles of honour, <span class="title">SIG</span>804.10 (Cos, i A. D.), 813<b class="b2">A,B</b> (Delph., i A. D.), 854 (Eleusis, i A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">υἱοὶ ἀνθρώπων</b> [[sons]] of men, [[periphrasis]] for [[men]] (cf. supr. 2,4), <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ps.</span>89(90).3</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ge.</span>11.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>3.28</span>; υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου [[man]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ez.</span>2.1</span>,<span class="bibl">3</span>, al.; of the Messiah, ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Da.</span>7.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>14.14</span>; used by Jesus of himself, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>8.20</span>, al. (by Stephen recalling the words of Jesus, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>7.56</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">υἱοὶ Θεοῦ</b> [[sons]] of God, implying [[inheritors of the nature]] of God (cf. supr. <span class="bibl">4</span>), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>5.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">45</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>6.35</span>; implying [[participants in the glory]] of God, ib.<span class="bibl">20.36</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of Jesus, <b class="b3">τὸ γεννώμενον κληθήσεται υἱὸς Θεοῦ</b> ib. <span class="bibl">1.35</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ Χριστός, ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>26.63</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>1.34</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">Θεοῦ υἱός</b>, = Lat. <span class="title">Divi</span> (sc. <span class="title">Caesaris</span>) [[filius]], patronymic of Augustus, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>543.3</span> (<span class="bibl">27</span> B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>382.21</span> (i B. C.), <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).174.2 (Epist. ad Cnidios, 5 A. D.). [Hom.sts. has the first [[syllable]] short in nom., voc. and acc. sg., οὐδὲ Δρύαντος υἱός <span class="bibl">Il.6.130</span>; Ἀμφιτρύωνος υἱός <span class="bibl">Od.11.270</span>; Ποδῆς υἱὸς Ἠετίωνος <span class="bibl">Il.17.575</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">590</span>; Ἀνθεμίωνος υἱόν <span class="bibl">4.473</span>; Σελάγου υἱόν <span class="bibl">5.612</span>; Ἕκτορ, υἱὲ Πριάμοιο <span class="bibl">7.47</span>; and <b class="b3">Πηλῆος υἱός, Μηκιστῆος υἱός</b> seem to be the better readings in <span class="bibl">1.489</span>, <span class="bibl">2.566</span>: in these places some other form ought perhaps to be restored, but none of the known forms has a short ῠ: [[ὑός]] has ῡ in <span class="title">IG</span>12.585 (vi B. C.), 828 (v B. C.), 2.2338, 22.4319 (both iv B. C.); Simon.l.c. seems to have used a monosyll. nom. [[υἷς]], and Hdn.Gr. may have read it as [[ὕις]] (), but this is uncertain, as in Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.5.266</span> he seems to say that [[ὕις]] ([[υἷις]] cod.) does not occur.] (Prob. from <b class="b2">*sū-yú-s</b>, cf. Skt. [[sūte]] 'procreate', Tocharian (A-dial.) [[se]], (B-dial.) [[soyä]] 'son'; different suffix in <b class="b2">*sū-nu-s</b>, Skt. [[sūnūs]], etc., and in <b class="b2">*sǔ-nu-s</b>, OE. [[sunu]], etc. (all = [[son]]); <b class="b2">*sūyú-</b> perhaps became <b class="b2">*sǔwyú-</b>, then <b class="b2">*suiwú-;</b> [[υἱός]] and [[υἱόν]] perhaps by dissimilation from <b class="b3">υἱύς υἱύν</b>, since the o-stem forms appear first where υ-υ would otherwise be repeated; [[ὗϊς]] (ὑΐς) may be another dissimilation; the precise origin of <b class="b3">υἷος υἷι υἷες</b> etc. is uncertain.)</span> | |Definition=ὁ (written [[ϝηιός]] in <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. <span class="bibl">1931.103</span> (Nemea, vi B. C.)), declined regul. [[υἱοῦ]], [[υἱῷ]], [[υἱόν]], but in Att. Inscrr. only after <span class="bibl">350</span> B.C. (exc. υἱός <span class="title">IG</span>12.529,530, 598, 625; [[ὑός]] ib. 585, 828; [[ὑόν]]ib.70.8), and then always so: —in earlier Att. and other Inscrr. inflected as a ῠ-stem (like [[πῆχυς]]), nom. [[υἱύς]] (written [[huihus]]) Klein [[Vasen mit Meister-signaturen]] 72 (<span class="title">Brit.Mus.Cat.</span>701) (ὑύς <span class="title">IG</span>12.571, 670, 686; contr. [[ὕς]] ib.663); gen. [[υἱέος]] (ὑέος <span class="title">IG</span>22.4883); dat. [[υἱεῖ]]: dual υἱεῖ <span class="bibl">Lys.19.46</span>, written ηυιε in <span class="title">IG</span>12.775 (corrupted to [[υἱέε]] in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>20a</span> cod. B), [[υἱέοιν]]: pl. [[υἱεῖς]] (ὑεῖς <span class="title">IG</span>12.115.14, al.), [[υἱέων]], [[υἱέσι]] (<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>571</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>1001</span> (anap.)), <b class="b3">ὑέ[σιν</b>] (<span class="title">IG</span>12.54.14), [[υἱεῖς]] (ὑεῖς <span class="title">IG</span>22.1.73): but gen. [[υἱέως]], and acc. [[υἱέα]], [[υἱέας]], which are formed as though from nom. [[Υἱεύς]], are rejected by Phryn.48,49, Thom.Mag.p.367 R., as not Att., though the two latter forms are used by later writers (as υἱέα <span class="bibl">Euph. 5</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>16</span>, ὑέα <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).244.4 (Epid., ii B. C.), but [[υἱέως]] is f. l. in <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>18.2.4</span>, etc.): dat. pl. [[υἱεῦσιν]] is mentioned as a form that would be regular by <span class="bibl">Eust.1348.27</span>:—Homer uses nom. [[υἱός]] (very freq.); gen. [[υἱοῦ]] only in <span class="bibl">Od.22.238</span>, elsewhere <b class="b3">υἱέος;</b> dat. [[υἱέϊ]] or <b class="b3">υἱεῖ;</b> acc. υἱέα <span class="bibl">Il.13.350</span> (cf. <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.360.29 (Pergam., hex.)), elsewhere [[υἱόν]] (very freq.): pl., nom. υἱέες <span class="bibl">Il.5.10</span>, al., or υἱεῖς <span class="bibl">Od.15.248</span>, <span class="bibl">24.387</span>,<span class="bibl">497</span>; gen. υἱῶν <span class="bibl">Il.21.587</span>, <span class="bibl">22.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.223</span>; dat. [[υἱοῖσι]] (ν) only <span class="bibl">Od.19.418</span>, [[υἱάσι]] (ν) <span class="bibl">Il.5.463</span>, al. (never [[υἱέσι]]); acc. [[υἱέας]] ib.<span class="bibl">149</span>, al.:— he also uses the shorter forms, gen. [[υἷος]], [[υἷι]], [[υἷα]], dual [[υἷε]] (distinguished from the voc. sg. [[υἱέ]] by the accent), pl. <b class="b3">υἷες, υἷας;</b> but these were confined to Ep.: their accentuation (in which codd. agree with Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.409</span>) may preserve a trace of their Aeolic origin (v. infr.). The declension <b class="b3">υἱῆος, υἱῆϊ, υἱῆα, υἱῆες, υἱήεσσι, υἱῆας</b> (like [[βασιλῆος]], etc., as though from [[υἱεύς]]), belongs solely to later Ep. poets, as <span class="bibl">A.R.2.1093</span>,<span class="bibl">1119</span>, Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>110, <span class="title">AP</span>9.23 (Antip.), etc. Dialect Inscrr. have the foll. archaic forms, nom. υἱύς <span class="title">IG</span>5 (1).720 (Lacon.), <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>12.17 (υιυις lapis); acc. υἱύν <span class="title">Inscr.Olymp.</span>30, <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>10.15; gen. [[υἱέος]] ib.6.3, <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 105 (Methana, vi B. C.); but υἱοῦ <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).867 (Corc., vii B. C.); nom. pl. υἱέες <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>7.25; acc. pl. [[υἱύνς]] ib. 4.40, <span class="title">IG</span>12.407 (Cret. or Argive); dat. pl. υἱάσι <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>4.37 (as in Hom., influenced by [[θυγατράσι]], [[πατράσι]], which have ρα = [[ṛ]], cf. Skt. [[pitṛṣu]]); ὑέεσσι <span class="title">IG</span>14.10 (Syrac.); [[υἷος]] in <span class="title">SIG</span>55 (Thessaly, v B. C.) is perhaps the Aeol. gen. ([[ὑός]] is nom. rather than gen. in <span class="title">IG</span>12.828); acc. ὗα <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 625 (Mytil., ii/i B. C.); a nom. [[ὑϊς]] (scanned - ) <span class="title">IG</span>12.472 (Boeotia, vi B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl">Simon.249</span> (v. infr.); nom. pl. ὗες <span class="title">IG</span>22.3632.24 (hex., Eleusis, ii A. D.). The initial [[syllable]] is both [[υἱ]]-and [[ὑ]]-in Att. Inscrr. down to 400 B.C. (e. g. ὑεῖς <span class="title">IG</span>12.115.14, <b class="b3">ὑέ[σιν]</b> ib.54.14, [[ὑόν]] v. supr.), afterwards <b class="b3">ὑ-</b>, but [[υἱός]] reappears under the Empire; in Plato cod. A usually has [[ὑιος]], which is found also in T, cod. B always has [[υἱός]], editors restore <b class="b3">ὑός;</b> acc. [[υἱόν]] is recommended by Phryn. l. c.; in Inscrr. of Pergamon, Magnesia, and Delphi, and in non-literary Papyri, [[ὑός]] is at all times less common than [[υἱός]]:—<b class="b3">ὁ υεἱός</b> <span class="title">CIG</span> (add.) 3857p; dat. [[υεἱῷ]] ib.3846z82 (both Phrygia), cf. <span class="title">BCH</span>11.471:—[[son]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.366</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα</b> to adopt as [[a son]], <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.28</span>; <b class="b3">υἱεῖς ἄνδρες</b> grown-up [[sons]], <span class="bibl">D. 25.88</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">Κόρον Ὕβριος υἱόν</b> Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.77</span>: rarely of animals, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>21.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[periphrasis]], <b class="b3">υἷες Ἀχαιῶν</b>, for [[Ἀχαιοί]], <span class="bibl">Il. 1.162</span>, al.; cf. [[παῖς]] <span class="bibl">1.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> generally, [[child]], and so <b class="b3">υἱ. ἄρρην</b> male [[child]], Apoc.12.5, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>9.1039.36</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> freq. in [[LXX]] in periphrases (Hebraisms with various meanings), υἱὸς ἐτῶν ἑκατόν 100 [[years old]], [[Ge]].11.10, al.; υἱοὶ ἀδικίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ki.</span>7.10</span>; υἱοὶ θανατώσεως <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ki.</span> 26.16</span>; υἱοὶ τῶν συμμίζεων [[hostages]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">4 Ki.</span>14.14</span>; so υἱὸς εἰρήνης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> in some dialects, including the Ion. Prose of Hdt., [[υἱός]] is replaced by [[παῖς]]: [[υἱός]] is rare in Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>609</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span> 320</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1689</span> (anap.), al., and <span class="bibl">7</span> times in S.: Hom. has both words in this sense. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> as a general term of affection, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>68.2</span> (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1219.2</span> (iii A. D.); [[υἱέ]], an author's address to the reader, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Pr.</span>1.8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">δάμου υἱός, υἱὸς πόλεως, Ἑλλάδος</b>, as titles of honour, <span class="title">SIG</span>804.10 (Cos, i A. D.), 813<b class="b2">A,B</b> (Delph., i A. D.), 854 (Eleusis, i A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">υἱοὶ ἀνθρώπων</b> [[sons]] of men, [[periphrasis]] for [[men]] (cf. supr. 2,4), <span class="bibl">[[LXX]]<span class="title">Ps.</span>89(90).3</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ge.</span>11.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>3.28</span>; υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου [[man]], <span class="bibl">[[LXX]]<span class="title">Ez.</span>2.1</span>,<span class="bibl">3</span>, al.; of the Messiah, ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Da.</span>7.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>14.14</span>; used by Jesus of himself, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>8.20</span>, al. (by Stephen recalling the words of Jesus, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>7.56</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">υἱοὶ Θεοῦ</b> [[sons]] of God, implying [[inheritors of the nature]] of God (cf. supr. <span class="bibl">4</span>), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>5.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">45</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>6.35</span>; implying [[participants in the glory]] of God, ib.<span class="bibl">20.36</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of Jesus, <b class="b3">τὸ γεννώμενον κληθήσεται υἱὸς Θεοῦ</b> ib. <span class="bibl">1.35</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ Χριστός, ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>26.63</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>1.34</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">Θεοῦ υἱός</b>, = Lat. <span class="title">Divi</span> (sc. <span class="title">Caesaris</span>) [[filius]], patronymic of Augustus, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>543.3</span> (<span class="bibl">27</span> B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>382.21</span> (i B. C.), <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).174.2 (Epist. ad Cnidios, 5 A. D.). [Hom.sts. has the first [[syllable]] short in nom., voc. and acc. sg., οὐδὲ Δρύαντος υἱός <span class="bibl">Il.6.130</span>; Ἀμφιτρύωνος υἱός <span class="bibl">Od.11.270</span>; Ποδῆς υἱὸς Ἠετίωνος <span class="bibl">Il.17.575</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">590</span>; Ἀνθεμίωνος υἱόν <span class="bibl">4.473</span>; Σελάγου υἱόν <span class="bibl">5.612</span>; Ἕκτορ, υἱὲ Πριάμοιο <span class="bibl">7.47</span>; and <b class="b3">Πηλῆος υἱός, Μηκιστῆος υἱός</b> seem to be the better readings in <span class="bibl">1.489</span>, <span class="bibl">2.566</span>: in these places some other form ought perhaps to be restored, but none of the known forms has a short ῠ: [[ὑός]] has ῡ in <span class="title">IG</span>12.585 (vi B. C.), 828 (v B. C.), 2.2338, 22.4319 (both iv B. C.); Simon.l.c. seems to have used a monosyll. nom. [[υἷς]], and Hdn.Gr. may have read it as [[ὕις]] (), but this is uncertain, as in Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.5.266</span> he seems to say that [[ὕις]] ([[υἷις]] cod.) does not occur.] (Prob. from <b class="b2">*sū-yú-s</b>, cf. Skt. [[sūte]] 'procreate', Tocharian (A-dial.) [[se]], (B-dial.) [[soyä]] 'son'; different suffix in <b class="b2">*sū-nu-s</b>, Skt. [[sūnūs]], etc., and in <b class="b2">*sǔ-nu-s</b>, OE. [[sunu]], etc. (all = [[son]]); <b class="b2">*sūyú-</b> perhaps became <b class="b2">*sǔwyú-</b>, then <b class="b2">*suiwú-;</b> [[υἱός]] and [[υἱόν]] perhaps by dissimilation from <b class="b3">υἱύς υἱύν</b>, since the o-stem forms appear first where υ-υ would otherwise be repeated; [[ὗϊς]] (ὑΐς) may be another dissimilation; the precise origin of <b class="b3">υἷος υἷι υἷες</b> etc. is uncertain.)</span> | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{pape | {{pape |
Revision as of 09:20, 15 October 2022
English (LSJ)
ὁ (written ϝηιός in A Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. 1931.103 (Nemea, vi B. C.)), declined regul. υἱοῦ, υἱῷ, υἱόν, but in Att. Inscrr. only after 350 B.C. (exc. υἱός IG12.529,530, 598, 625; ὑός ib. 585, 828; ὑόνib.70.8), and then always so: —in earlier Att. and other Inscrr. inflected as a ῠ-stem (like πῆχυς), nom. υἱύς (written huihus) Klein Vasen mit Meister-signaturen 72 (Brit.Mus.Cat.701) (ὑύς IG12.571, 670, 686; contr. ὕς ib.663); gen. υἱέος (ὑέος IG22.4883); dat. υἱεῖ: dual υἱεῖ Lys.19.46, written ηυιε in IG12.775 (corrupted to υἱέε in Pl.Ap.20a cod. B), υἱέοιν: pl. υἱεῖς (ὑεῖς IG12.115.14, al.), υἱέων, υἱέσι (S.Ant.571, Ar. Nu.1001 (anap.)), ὑέ[σιν] (IG12.54.14), υἱεῖς (ὑεῖς IG22.1.73): but gen. υἱέως, and acc. υἱέα, υἱέας, which are formed as though from nom. Υἱεύς, are rejected by Phryn.48,49, Thom.Mag.p.367 R., as not Att., though the two latter forms are used by later writers (as υἱέα Euph. 5, Arr.Cyn.16, ὑέα IG42(1).244.4 (Epid., ii B. C.), but υἱέως is f. l. in Th.1.13, J.AJ18.2.4, etc.): dat. pl. υἱεῦσιν is mentioned as a form that would be regular by Eust.1348.27:—Homer uses nom. υἱός (very freq.); gen. υἱοῦ only in Od.22.238, elsewhere υἱέος; dat. υἱέϊ or υἱεῖ; acc. υἱέα Il.13.350 (cf. IGRom.4.360.29 (Pergam., hex.)), elsewhere υἱόν (very freq.): pl., nom. υἱέες Il.5.10, al., or υἱεῖς Od.15.248, 24.387,497; gen. υἱῶν Il.21.587, 22.44, Od.24.223; dat. υἱοῖσι (ν) only Od.19.418, υἱάσι (ν) Il.5.463, al. (never υἱέσι); acc. υἱέας ib.149, al.:— he also uses the shorter forms, gen. υἷος, υἷι, υἷα, dual υἷε (distinguished from the voc. sg. υἱέ by the accent), pl. υἷες, υἷας; but these were confined to Ep.: their accentuation (in which codd. agree with Hdn.Gr.1.409) may preserve a trace of their Aeolic origin (v. infr.). The declension υἱῆος, υἱῆϊ, υἱῆα, υἱῆες, υἱήεσσι, υἱῆας (like βασιλῆος, etc., as though from υἱεύς), belongs solely to later Ep. poets, as A.R.2.1093,1119, Nic.Fr.110, AP9.23 (Antip.), etc. Dialect Inscrr. have the foll. archaic forms, nom. υἱύς IG5 (1).720 (Lacon.), Leg.Gort.12.17 (υιυις lapis); acc. υἱύν Inscr.Olymp.30, Leg.Gort.10.15; gen. υἱέος ib.6.3, Schwyzer 105 (Methana, vi B. C.); but υἱοῦ IG9(1).867 (Corc., vii B. C.); nom. pl. υἱέες Leg.Gort.7.25; acc. pl. υἱύνς ib. 4.40, IG12.407 (Cret. or Argive); dat. pl. υἱάσι Leg.Gort.4.37 (as in Hom., influenced by θυγατράσι, πατράσι, which have ρα = ṛ, cf. Skt. pitṛṣu); ὑέεσσι IG14.10 (Syrac.); υἷος in SIG55 (Thessaly, v B. C.) is perhaps the Aeol. gen. (ὑός is nom. rather than gen. in IG12.828); acc. ὗα Schwyzer 625 (Mytil., ii/i B. C.); a nom. ὑϊς (scanned - ) IG12.472 (Boeotia, vi B. C.), cf. Simon.249 (v. infr.); nom. pl. ὗες IG22.3632.24 (hex., Eleusis, ii A. D.). The initial syllable is both υἱ-and ὑ-in Att. Inscrr. down to 400 B.C. (e. g. ὑεῖς IG12.115.14, ὑέ[σιν] ib.54.14, ὑόν v. supr.), afterwards ὑ-, but υἱός reappears under the Empire; in Plato cod. A usually has ὑιος, which is found also in T, cod. B always has υἱός, editors restore ὑός; acc. υἱόν is recommended by Phryn. l. c.; in Inscrr. of Pergamon, Magnesia, and Delphi, and in non-literary Papyri, ὑός is at all times less common than υἱός:—ὁ υεἱός CIG (add.) 3857p; dat. υεἱῷ ib.3846z82 (both Phrygia), cf. BCH11.471:—son, Il.6.366, etc.; υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα to adopt as a son, Aeschin.2.28; υἱεῖς ἄνδρες grown-up sons, D. 25.88: metaph., Κόρον Ὕβριος υἱόν Orac. ap. Hdt.8.77: rarely of animals, Ev.Matt.21.5. 2 periphrasis, υἷες Ἀχαιῶν, for Ἀχαιοί, Il. 1.162, al.; cf. παῖς 1.3. 3 generally, child, and so υἱ. ἄρρην male child, Apoc.12.5, PSI9.1039.36 (iii A. D.). 4 freq. in LXX in periphrases (Hebraisms with various meanings), υἱὸς ἐτῶν ἑκατόν 100 years old, Ge.11.10, al.; υἱοὶ ἀδικίας 2 Ki.7.10; υἱοὶ θανατώσεως 1 Ki. 26.16; υἱοὶ τῶν συμμίζεων hostages, 4 Ki.14.14; so υἱὸς εἰρήνης Ev.Luc.10.6. 5 in some dialects, including the Ion. Prose of Hdt., υἱός is replaced by παῖς: υἱός is rare in Trag., A.Th.609, Fr. 320, E.Or.1689 (anap.), al., and 7 times in S.: Hom. has both words in this sense. 6 as a general term of affection, PGiss.68.2 (ii A. D.), POxy.1219.2 (iii A. D.); υἱέ, an author's address to the reader, LXX Pr.1.8, al. 7 δάμου υἱός, υἱὸς πόλεως, Ἑλλάδος, as titles of honour, SIG804.10 (Cos, i A. D.), 813A,B (Delph., i A. D.), 854 (Eleusis, i A. D.). 8 υἱοὶ ἀνθρώπων sons of men, periphrasis for men (cf. supr. 2,4), LXXPs.89(90).3; οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀ. ib.Ge.11.5, Ev.Marc.3.28; υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου man, LXXEz.2.1,3, al.; of the Messiah, ib.Da.7.13, Apoc.14.14; used by Jesus of himself, Ev.Matt.8.20, al. (by Stephen recalling the words of Jesus, Act.Ap.7.56). 9 υἱοὶ Θεοῦ sons of God, implying inheritors of the nature of God (cf. supr. 4), Ev.Matt.5.9, cf. 45, Ev.Luc.6.35; implying participants in the glory of God, ib.20.36. b of Jesus, τὸ γεννώμενον κληθήσεται υἱὸς Θεοῦ ib. 1.35; ὁ Χριστός, ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ, Ev.Matt.26.63, cf.Ev.Jo.1.34. c Θεοῦ υἱός, = Lat. Divi (sc. Caesaris) filius, patronymic of Augustus, BGU543.3 (27 B.C.), PTeb.382.21 (i B. C.), IG12(3).174.2 (Epist. ad Cnidios, 5 A. D.). [Hom.sts. has the first syllable short in nom., voc. and acc. sg., οὐδὲ Δρύαντος υἱός Il.6.130; Ἀμφιτρύωνος υἱός Od.11.270; Ποδῆς υἱὸς Ἠετίωνος Il.17.575, cf. 590; Ἀνθεμίωνος υἱόν 4.473; Σελάγου υἱόν 5.612; Ἕκτορ, υἱὲ Πριάμοιο 7.47; and Πηλῆος υἱός, Μηκιστῆος υἱός seem to be the better readings in 1.489, 2.566: in these places some other form ought perhaps to be restored, but none of the known forms has a short ῠ: ὑός has ῡ in IG12.585 (vi B. C.), 828 (v B. C.), 2.2338, 22.4319 (both iv B. C.); Simon.l.c. seems to have used a monosyll. nom. υἷς, and Hdn.Gr. may have read it as ὕις (), but this is uncertain, as in Sch.Il.5.266 he seems to say that ὕις (υἷις cod.) does not occur.] (Prob. from *sū-yú-s, cf. Skt. sūte 'procreate', Tocharian (A-dial.) se, (B-dial.) soyä 'son'; different suffix in *sū-nu-s, Skt. sūnūs, etc., and in *sǔ-nu-s, OE. sunu, etc. (all = son); *sūyú- perhaps became *sǔwyú-, then *suiwú-; υἱός and υἱόν perhaps by dissimilation from υἱύς υἱύν, since the o-stem forms appear first where υ-υ would otherwise be repeated; ὗϊς (ὑΐς) may be another dissimilation; the precise origin of υἷος υἷι υἷες etc. is uncertain.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 1176] ὁ (von ὕω od. Fύω = φύω, filius), theils regelmäßig nach der 2. Declination flectirt, bes. bei den Attikern, theils nach der 3. Declin.; gen. υἱέος, dat. υἱεῖ, dual. υἱέε, υἱέοιν, plur. υἱεῖς, υἱέων, υἱέσιν, Soph. Ant. 567, υἱεῖς; υἱέα u. υἱέας werden als unattisch bezeichnet, wie der gen. υἱέως, vgl. Thom. Mag. p. 866; Lob. Phryn. p. 68; in späterer Prosa, wie Ael., findet sich auch der dat. plur. υἱεῦσιν; Hom. hat den gen. υἱοῦ nur einmal, Od. 22, 238, den accus. υἱόν oft, im plur. gen. υἱῶν, Il. 21, 587. 22, 54 Od. 24, 223, υἱοῖσιν, 19, 418, υἱούς, aber nur als v.l., Il. 5, 159; von den andern Formen finden sich bei ihm υἱέος, υἱεῖ, υἱέϊ, υἱέα, 13, 350, plur. υἱέες neben υἱεῖς, u. acc. υἱέας; daneben auch noch die bloß epischen Formen gen. sing. υἷος, dat. υἷϊ, acc. υἷα, dual. υἷε, plur. oft υἷες, υἱάσιν, υἷας. – Pind. hat außer den Formen der 2. Declin. nur υἱέες, υἱέων, I. 7, 25. – In ion. Prosa findet sich noch gen. sing. υἱῆος. – Die von den Gramm. angenommenen Nominativformen υἱής, υἱεύς, υἱΐς, ὗϊς oder υἷς sind niemals gebraucht worden. – Der Sohn, Hom. u. Folgde überall. – Der plur. dient bes. bei Sp., wie παῖδες, zur Umschreibung einer Lebensweise, die gew. vom Vater auf den Sohn zunftmäßig forterbte, ἰατρῶν υἱεῖς, ῥητόρων υἱεῖς, die Aerzte, Rhetoren u. dgl., wie auch schon Hom. υἷες Ἀχαιῶν für die Achäer selbst braucht. – [Hom. braucht in der Thesis die erste Sylbe zuweilen kurz, in den Formen υἱός, Il. 6, 130. 17, 575 Od. 11, 270, υἱόν, Il. 4, 473. 5, 612. 17, 590, u. υἱέ, 7, 47; vgl. Herm. h. Apoll. 48.]
French (Bailly abrégé)
οῦ (ὁ) :
la décl. est régulière : υἱός, υἱοῦ, etc.
cependant les Att. déclinent comme suit, d'un th. υἱε- : gén. υἱέος, dat. υἱεῖ ; plur. υἱεῖς, υἱέων, υἱέσι, υἱεῖς ; duel υἱέε, υἱέοιν;
la déclin. homér. procède de trois thèmes :
1 du th. υἱο- : υἱός, υἱοῦ, etc.
2 du th. υἱε- : dat. υἱέϊ et υἱεῖ, acc. υἱέα, pl. nom. υἱέες et υἱεῖς, acc. υἱέας;
3 d'un th. υἱ- : gén. υἷος, dat. υἷϊ, acc. υἷα ; pl. nom. υἷες, dat. υἱάσι, acc. υἷας ; duel υἷε;
fils ; au plur. avec un gén. pour désigner une classe d'hommes υἷες Ἀχαιῶν IL les fils des Achéens, les Grecs ; υἱεῖς ἰατρῶν ou ῥητόρων ATT les fils des médecins ou des orateurs, càd les médecins, les orateurs ; υἱός est souv. s.-e. dans les désignations de parenté : ὁ τοῦ Ὀλόρου le fils d'Oloros, càd Thucydide.
Étymologie: R. Συ > Ὑ, mouiller, d'où engendrer ; cf. ὕω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
υἱός: тж. ὑός, эол. υἶος, староатт. υἱύς ὁ (у Hom. υἱ in thesi иногда кратко; gen. υἱοῦ и υἱέος - эп. υἷος, dat. υἱῷ и υἱεῖ - эп. υἱέϊ, υἱεῖ и υἷϊ, acc. υἱόν - эп. υἱέα и υἷα; pl.: nom. υἱοί и υἱεῖς - эп. υἱέες и υἷες, gen. υἱῶν и υἱέων, dat. υἱοῖς и υἱέσι - эп. υἱοῖσι и υἱάσι, acc. υἱούς и υἱεῖς - эп. υἱέας и υἷας; dual. υἱεῖ - эп. υἱέε и υἷε, υἱέοιν) сын: υἷες Ἀχαιῶν Hom. сыны ахейцев, т. е. ахейцы; υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα Aeschin. усыновлять кого-л.; υἱεῖς ἄνδρες Dem. взрослые сыновья.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
υἱός: ὁ, κλίνεται κανονικῶς υἱοῦ, υἱῷ, υἱόν· - ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τὴν γ΄ κλίσιν ὡς εἰ ὑπῆρχεν ὀνομαστ. *υἱεύς, γεν. υἱέος, δοτ. υἱεῖ· δυϊκ. υἱέε (Λυσί. 156. 4), υἱέοιν· πληθυντ. υἱεῖς, υἱέων, υἱέσι (Σοφ. Ἀντ. 571, Ἀριστοφάν. Νεφ. 1001), υἱεῖς· ἀλλ’ ἡ γεν. υἱέως, καὶ αἱ αἰτιατ. υἱέα, υἱέας, ἀποδοκιμάζονται ὡς μὴ Ἀττικά, εἰ καὶ εἶναι ἐν χρήσει οἱ τύποι οὗτοι παρὰ μεταγενεστέροις συγγραφεῦσιν (οἷον Πλουτ. 2. 109C, Ἰωσήπ. Ἰουδ. Ἀρχ. 18. 2, 4, Ἀρρ. κλπ., εἰσέφρησαν δὲ καὶ εἰς ἐκδόσεις τοῦ Θουκ. καὶ τοῦ Πλάτ., ἰδὲ Θωμ. Μάγιστρ. σ. 866, Λοβ. εἰς Φρύν. 68· δοτ. πληθ. υἱεῦσι, μνημονευομένη παρ’ Εὐστ. διωρθώθη ἐξ Ἀντιγράφ. ἐν Αἰλ. π. Ζ. 9. 1· γεν. καὶ δοτ. υἱειός, ὑειιῷ ἀπαντῶσιν ἐν τῇ Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. (προσθῆκ.) 3846z 82., -57p- ὁ Ὅμ. ἔχει ὀνομ. υἱός· γεν. υἱοῦ μόνον ἐν Ὀδ. Χ. 238, ἀλλαχοῦ υἱέος· δοτ. ἀείποτε υἱέϊ ἢ υἱεῖ· αἰτ. υἱέα Ἰλ. Ν. 350, ἀλλαχοῦ δὲ πανταχοῦ υἱόν· - πληθ., ὀνομ. ἀείποτε υἱέες ἢ υἱεῖς· γεν. υἱῶν· δοτ. υἱοῖσι Ὀδ. Τ. 418· αἰτ. υἱοὺς διάφ. γραφ. Ἰλ. Ε. 159, ἀλλαχοῦ υἱέας· - παρ’ αὐτῷ δὲ εἶναι ἐν χρήσει καὶ οἱ τύποι υἷος, υἷι, υἷα, δυϊκ. υἷε (ὅπερ διαστέλλεται ἀπὸ τῆς κλητ. υἱὲ διὰ τοῦ τονισμοῦ), πληθ. υἷες, υἱάσι, υἷας· - ἀλλ’ οὗτοι οἱ τύποι διαμένουσιν ὅλως Ἐπικοί. - Ἡ κλίσις υἱῆος, υἱῆι, υἱῆα, υἱῆες, υἱήεσσι, υἱῆας ἀνήκει ἀποκλειστικῶς εἰς μεταγενεστ. Ἐπικοὺς ποιητάς, οἷον Ἀπολλ. Ρόδ. Β. 1094, 1119, Ἀνθολ. Π. 8. 88, 9. 23, κλπ. Ἡ ὀνομ. ὑός, ἥτις μνημονεύεται ὡς ὁ προσήκων τύπος τῶν γραμμ. (Λοβ. εἰς Φρύν. 40), εὕρηται ἐν ἐπιγραφαῖς (πρβλ. υἱοθεσία)· (ἴδε ἐν τέλ.). Οὐδαμοῦ δὲ ἀπαντῶσιν αἱ ὀνομαστικαὶ υἱεύς. υἷις. ὗϊς, υἷς. Ὡς καὶ νῦν, τὸ ἄρρεν τέκνον, κοινῶς «γιός», Λατ. filius, Ὅμ., κλπ., σπανίως παρεμβάλλεται μετὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ πατρός, οἷον ἐν τῇ Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 1788, 2694a. 16, 3972 υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα, υἱοθετεῖν, Αἰσχίν. 32. 3· υἱεῖς ἄνδρες, ἀνδρωθέντες υἱοί, Δημ. 796. 20· - σπανίως ἐπὶ ζῴων, Εὐαγγ. κ. Ματθ. κα΄, 5. 2) περιφρ., υἷες Ἀχαιῶν, ἀντὶ Ἀχαιοί, Ἰλ. Α. 162, κ. ἀλλ.· πρβλ. παῖς Ι. 3. (Πρβλ. Σανσκρ. su, sû, av-âmi, sâu-mi (gig-io, pari), su-tas, su-nus, Ζενδ. hu-nu (filius)· Γοτθ. su-nus, Λιθ. su-n s, Σκαν. sy-nŭ (Ἀγγλ. son). Πρβλ. ὡσαύτως φύω, Λατ. filius, Ἰσπαν. hijio. [Ὁ Ὅμ. ἐνίοτε ἔχει τὴν πρώτην συλλαβὴν βραχεῖαν ἐν θέσει, ἔνθα ἴσως ἔδει νὰ διορθωθῇ ὑός· οὐδὲ Δράκοντος υἱὸς Ἰλ. Ζ. 130 Ἀμφιτρύωνος υἱὸς Ὀδ. Λ. 270· Ποδῆς υἱὸς Ἠετίωνος Ἰλ. Ρ. 575, πρβλ. 590· Ἀνθεμίωνος υἱὸν Δ. 473· Σελάγου υἱὸν Ε. 612· Ἕκτορ, υἱὲ Πριάμοιο Η. 47, καὶ Πηλῆος υἱός, Μηκιστῆος υἱός, φαίνονται αἱ ὀρθότεραι γραφαὶ ἐν Ἰλ. Α. 489., Β. 566].
English (Autenrieth)
gen. υἱοῦ, υἷος, υἱέος, dat. υἱῷ, υἷι, υἱέι, acc. υἱόν, υἷα, υἱέα, du. υἷε, pl. υἷες, υἱέες, dat. υἱοῖσι, υἱάσι, acc. υἷας, υἱέας, υἱεῖς: son; freq. υἷες Ἀχαιῶν for Ἀχαιοί. The diphthong is sometimes shortened in υἱός, υἱόν, υἱέ, Od. 11.270,, Il. 4.473.
English (Slater)
υἱός (υἱός, -οῦ, -ῷ, -όν, -έ: υἱοί, υἱέες, υἱῶν, υἱέων, ὑέων coni., υἱοῖς(ι), υἱούς, υἱοί.)
a son υἱὲ Ταντάλου (Pelops) (O. 1.36) προῆκαν υἱὸν ἀθάνατοί οἱ πάλιν (O. 1.65) τέκε λαγέτας ἓξ ἀρεταῖσι μεμαότας υἱούς (sons of Pelops) (O. 1.89) ἔκτεινε Λᾷον μόριμος υἱός (Oidipous) (O. 2.38) υἱῶν, Ψαῦμι, παρισταμένων (O. 5.23) Σωστράτου υἱός (Hagesias) (O. 6.9) εὐφράνθη τε ἰδὼν ἥρως θετὸν υἱὸν (Opous) (O. 9.62) υἱὸν δ' Ἄκτορος ἐξόχως τίμασεν (Menoitios) (O. 9.69) Διὸς ἄλκιμος υἱός (Herakles) (O. 10.45) υἱὲ Φιλάνορος (Ergoteles) (O. 12.13) τᾶς ὀφιώδεος υἱόν ποτε Γοργόνος Πάγασον (O. 13.63) ὄφρ' υἱὸν εἴπῃς ὅτι οἱ νέαν ἐστεφάνωσε κυδίμων ἀέθλων πτεροῖσι χαίταν (Asopichos) (O. 14.22) Ποιάντος υἱὸν τοξόταν (Philoktetes) (P. 1.53) ἁγητὴρ ἀνήρ, υἱῷ τ' ἐπιτελλόμενος (Deinomenes) (P. 1.70) “Εὔφαμος υἱὸς ἱππάρχου Ποσειδάωνος ἄναξ” (P. 4.45) ὦ μάκαρ υἱὲ Πολυμνάστου (Battos) (P. 4.59) Κρονίδαο Ζηνὸς υἱοὶ τρεῖς (Herakles, Kastor, Polydeukes) (P. 4.171) διδύμους υἱούς (Echion, Erytos) (P. 4.178) Ἀελίου θαυμαστὸς υἱὸς (Aietes) (P. 4.241) Φιλύρας υἱὸν (Cheiron) (P. 6.22) λτ;γτ;ενάρκειον ἔδεκτο Κίρραθεν ἐστεφανωμένον υἱὸν (Aristomenes) (P. 8.20) “θανόντος ὀστέα λέξαις υἱοῦ” (Aigialeus) (P. 8.53) Καρνειάδα υἱὸς (Telesikrates) (P. 9.72) τέκε Ἀλκμήνα διδύμων κρατησίμαχον σθένος υἱῶν (Iphikles, Herakles) (P. 9.86) ἄφωνοί θ' ὡς ἕκασται φίλτατον παρθενικαὶ πόσιν ἢ υἱὸν εὔχοντ, ὦ Τελεσίκρατες, ἔμμεν (P. 9.100) καὶ ζώων ἔτι νεαρὸν κατ' αἶσαν υἱὸν ἴδῃ τυχόντα στεφάνων Πυθίων (Hippokleas) (P. 10.26) Κάστορος βίαν, σέ τε, ἄναξ Πολύδευκες, υἱοὶ θεῶν (P. 11.62) υἱὸς Δανάας (Perseus) (P. 12.17) εἶδε γὰρ ἐκνόμιον λῆμά τε καὶ δύναμιν υἱοῦ (Herakles) (N. 1.58) [[[θαμά]] κε τῷδε μέλει κλιθείς, υἱὸν κελάδησε καλλίνικον (Bergk: ὕμνον codd.) (N. 4.16) ] Λάμπωνος υἱὸς Πυθέας εὐρυσθενὴς (N. 5.4) Ἐνδαίδος ἀριγνῶτες υἱοὶ (Peleus, Telamon) (N. 5.12) ὃς ὑπέρτατος Ἁγησιμάχοἰ ὑέων γένετο (W. Schulze: υἱῶν codd.: Sokleidas) (N. 6.22) φαεννᾶς υἱὸν Ἀόος (Memmon) (N. 6.52) ἔβλαστεν δ' υἱὸς Οἰνώνας βασιλεὺς (Aiakos) (N. 8.7) Τελαμῶνος υἱόν (Aias) (N. 8.23) “ἐσσί μοι υἱός” (Zeus speaks to Polydeukes) (N. 10.80) ἄμμι δ' ἔοικε Κρόνου σεισίχθον υἱὸν κελαδῆσαι (I. 1.52) ἦλθ' ἀνὴρ τὰν πυροφόρον Λιβύαν υἱὸς Ἀλκμήνας (Herakles) (I. 4.55) ὀκτὼ θανόντων, τοὺς Μεγάρα τέκε οἱ Κρεοντὶς υἱούς (I. 4.64) σὺν Χάρισιν δ' ἔμολον Λάμπωνος υἱοῖς τάνδ ἐς εὔνομον πόλιν (Pytheas, Phylakidas) (I. 5.21) υἱοῖσί τε φράζων παραινεῖ (I. 6.68) (Αἰακός) τοῦ μὲν ἀντίθεοι ἀρίστευον υἱέες υἱέων τ ἀρηίφιλοι παῖδες ἀνορέᾳ (I. 8.25) “υἱὸν εἰσιδέτω θανόντ' ἐν πολέμῳ” (Achilles) (I. 8.36) Πασιφάας λτ;σὺνγτ; υἱ[οῖ]σι (G-H: υἱ[ες]σι(ν) alii metr. gr.) Πα. . 3. Αἰολάδα σταθμὸν υἱοῦ τε Παγώνδα ὑμνήσω Παρθ. 2. 1. υἱὸν Ἁγησίλα (Theoxenos) fr. 123. 15. υἱὸν Οἰάγρου δὲ Ὀρφέα Θρ. 3. 11. Ἐνυαλίου ἔκπαγλον υἱὸν (Diomedes) fr. 169. 13. Σθενέλοιό μιν υἱὸς (Eurystheus) fr. 169. 45. Ἀλκμήνας σὺν υἱῷ fr. 172. 3. φὰν δ' ἔμμεναι Ζηνὸς υἱοὶ καὶ κλυτοπώλου Ποσειδάωνος (Peirithoos, Theseus) fr. 243. Ἀλέρας υἱόν Tityos fr. 294. father not indicated, λόγου φέρεις, τὸν ὅνπερ ποτ' Οἰκλέος παῖς ἐν ἑπταπύλοις ἰδὼν υἱοὺς Θήβαις αἰνίξατο παρμένοντας αἰχμᾷ (i. e. the Epigoni, including Amphiareus' own son Alkmaion) (P. 8.40) ] υἱὸν ἔτι τέξει (Pae. 10.21) ]εοσυιοντα[ P. Oxy. 2442, fr. 35. ]Διὸς υἱόν P. Oxy. 2622, fr. 1. 15, ad ?fr. 346.
b descendant σφὸν ὄλβον υἱῷ τε κοινὰν χάριν ἔνδικόν τ' Ἀρκεσίλᾳ (P. 5.102)
c met. αἰνήσαις ἓ καὶ υἱόν (αὐτὴν τὴν Ὀποῦντα καὶ τὸν υἱὸν δὲ αὐτῆς τὸν Ἐφάρμοστον Σ.) (O. 9.14)
Spanish
English (Abbott-Smith)
υἱός, -οῦ, ὁ, [in LXX very freq. and nearly always for בֵּן, Ge 4:17, al.; for בַּר, Da LXX TH 7:13, al.; etc.;],
a son;
1.in the ordinary sense: Mt 10:37, Mk 9:17, Lk 1:13, al. mult.; omitted with the art. of origin (WM, §30, 3; Bl., §35, 2), τὸν τοῦ Ἰεσσαί, Ac 13:22 (LXX); also c. gen. anarth. (cl.), Σώπατρος Πύρρου Βεροιαῖος, Ac 20:4; c. adj., προτότοκος, Lk 2:7; μονογένης, Lk 7:12; opp. to νόθος, He 12:8; in a wider sense, of posterity: ὁ υἱ. Δαυΐδ, of the Messiah (cf. Dalman, Words, 316ff.; DCG, ii, 653f.), Mt 22:42, 45 Mk 12:35, 37 Lk 20:41, 44 al.; υἱοὶἸσραήλ, (cf. υἷες Ἀχαιῶν, Hom., Il., i, 162, al.), Mt 27:9, Ac 9:15, al.
2.Metaph.;
(a)as belonging to, being connected with or having the quality of that which follows (a usage mainly due to translation from a Semitic original; cf. Deiss., BS, 161ff.; Dalman, Words, 115f.; DCG, ii, 652f.): τ. πονεροῦ (διαβόλου), Mt 13:38, Ac 13:10; τ. νυμφῶνος (v.s. νυμφών), Mt 9:15, Mk 2:19, al.; τ. φωτός (Lft., Notes, 74), Lk 16:8, Jo 12:36, I Th 5:5; τ. εἰρεήμης, Lk 10:6; γεέννης, Mt 23:15; τ. ἀπωλείας, Jo 17:12, II Th 2:3; τ. αἰῶνος τούτου, Lk 16:8 20:34; τ. ἀπειθειάς, Eph 2:2 5:6; βροντῆς, Mk 3:17; τ. ἀναστάσεως, Lk 20:36; παρακλήσεως, Ac 4:36; τ. προφητῶν κ. τ. διαθήκης, Ac 3:25;
(b)υἱὸς τ. θεοῦ (cf. Dalman, Words, 268ff.; Deiss., BS, 166f.; DB, iv, 570 ff.; DCG, ii, 654ff.), of men, as partakers of the Divine nature and of the life to come: Mt 5:9, Lk 20:36, Ro 8:14 9:26, al.; υἱοὶ (κ. θυγατέρες) τ. ὑψίστου, Lk 6:35, II Co 6:18; in an unique sense of Jesus, Mt 4:3 8:29 28:19, Mk 3:4, Lk 4:41, Jo 9:35 11:27, al.; ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱ. τ. θεοῦ ζῶντος (τ. εὐλογητοῦ), Mt 16:16, Mk 14:61;
(c)(ὁ) υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (in LXX for Heb. בּן אדם, Aram, בּר אנשׁ; cf. Dalman, Words, 234ff.; DB, iv, 579ff.; DCG, ii, 659ff.; Westc., St. John, i, 74ff.; other reff. in Swete, Mk, 2:10), based on the Aram. of Da 7:13, where the phrase, like the corresponding Heb. (as in Ps 8:5), means a man, one of the species, and indicates the human appearance of the person in question. It is used of the Messiah in Enoch, c. 46, §1-4, also in II Es 13:3, 12, al. Our Lord first makes the phrase a title, using the def. art. It seems to combine the ideas of his true humanity and representative character. Exc. in Ac 7:56 and (anarth.) Re 1:13 14:14, it is used of Jesus only by himself: Mt 8:20, Mk 2:10, Lk 5:24, Jo 1:52, al.
English (Strong)
apparently a primary word; a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship: child, foal, son.
English (Thayer)
(υἱός τοῦ ἀνθρώπου) (υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ) son of God;
1. in a physical sense, in various applications: originating by direct creation, not begotten by man — as the first man Adam, אֱלֹהִים בְּנֵי in the Sept. of ἄγγελοι Θεοῦ); in the highest sense Jesus Christ is called ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ as of a nature superhuman and closest to God: Hebrews, B. D. under the word Smith's Bible Dictionary, Son of God, and references in American edition)
3. in a theocratic sense: of kings and magistrates, as vicegerents of God the supreme ruler, υἱοί ὑψιτου, πρωτότοκος (namely, τοῦ Θεοῦ), of the king of Israel, ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ pre-eminently, as the supreme representative of God, and equipped for his Office with the fullness of the Holy Spirit, i. e. endued with divine power beyond any of the sons of men, Enoch 105,2. In the N. T. it is used of Jesus — in the utterances of the devil, υἱός τοῦ ὑψίστου, ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ (ὁ) βασιλεύς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ, ὁ Χριστός ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ, Ἰησοῦς Χριστός υἱός τοῦ (L Tr WH margin omit τοῦ) Θεοῦ T WH text omit (see WH's Appendix, p. 23)); ὁ Χριστός ὁ υἱός τοῦ εὐλογητοῦ, ὁ Χριστός ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ ζῶντος, in ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός, R G L text); those whom God esteems as sons, whom he loves, protects and benefits above others: so of the Jews, υἱοί καί θυγατέρες τοῦ Θεοῦ, πρωτότοκος τοῦ Θεοῦ, those whose character God, as a loving father, shapes by chastisement, those who revere God as their father, the pious worshippers of God, παῖς κυρίου),18; those who in character and life resemble God (υἱοί ὑπιστου; (cf. Epictetus dissert. 1,9, 6)): υἱοί ὑψίστου, υἱοί καί θυγατέρες, spoken of Christians, those who are governed by the Spirit of God, ὅσοι πνεύματι Θεοῦ ἄγονται, οὗτοι υἱοί εἰσί τοῦ Θεοῦ), repose the same calm and joyful trust in God which children do in their parents, ἀποκάλυψις τόν υἱῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ), cf. τέκνον, b. γ (and references)), preeminently of "Jesus, as enjoying the supreme love of God, united to him in affectionate intimacy, privy to his saving counsels, obedient to the Father's will in all his acts": ὁ υἱός τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ (i. e. God's), ὁ Χριστός ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ μονογενής υἱός, Tr WH μονογενής Θεός, L marginal reading ὁ μονογονης Θεοῦ (see μονογενής and references)); ὁ υἱός τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ μονογονης, μονογενής). It can hardly be doubted that a reverent regard for the transcendent difference which separates Christ from all those who by his grace are exalted to the dignity of sons of God led John always to call Christians τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ, not as Paul does υἱοί and τέκνα τοῦ Θεοῦ indiscriminately; the like reverence moved Luther to translate the plural υἱοί τοῦ Θεοῦ everywhere by Kinder Gottes; (cf., however, τέκνον, b. γ. and references). This appellation is not found in 2 Thessalonians, Philippians, Philemon, the Pastoral Epistles, nor in 1Peter or in the Epistle of James.
Greek Monolingual
ο / υἱός, ΝΜΑ, και άχρηστος τ. υἱεύς, και βοιωτ. τ. ὑειός, και λακων. τ. υἱύς, και ὑός, και ὑύς, και Fhιός και συνηρ. τ. ὕς, Α
(λόγιος τ.)
1. το αρσενικό παιδί, ο γιος (α. «θετός υιός» β. «Ἕκτορ, υἱὲ Πριάμοιο», Ομ. Ιλ.)
2. φρ. α) εκκλ. «ο υιός του ανθρώπου» — ο Ιησούς Χριστός (ΚΔ)
νεοελλ.
φρ. α) «άσωτος υιός»
(από την ευαγγελική παραβολή) γιος που σπατάλησε αλόγιστα όλη την πατρική περιουσία ζώντας έκλυτη ζωή
β) «νόθος υιός» — γιος που γεννήθηκε από μη νόμιμο γάμο
αρχ.
1. (σπάν.) γέννημα ζώου («ἐπιβεβηκὼς ἐπὶ ὄνον καὶ πῶλον υἱὸν ὑποζυγίου», ΚΔ)
2. η κλητ. υἱέ
προσφώνηση συγγραφέα σε αναγνώστη
3. φρ. α) «υἱοὶ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν» — οι Αχαιοί (Ομ. Ιλ.)
β) «υἱὸς εἰρήνης» — ο Ιησούς Χριστός
γ) «υἱοὶ ἀνθρώπων» και «υἱοὶ θεοῦ» — οι άνθρωποι (ΚΔ)
δ) «δάμου υἱός» και «υἱὸς πόλεως» και «υἱὸς Ἑλλάδος» — τιμητικοί τίτλοι επιγρ.
ε) «Θεοῦ υἱός»
(στους Ρωμαίους) πατρωνυμικό του Αυγούστου πάπ..
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. υἱός και μάλιστα η αρχική της μορφή που μαρτυρείται στη δωρική διάλ. υἱύς, ανάγεται στην ΙΕ ρηματική ρίζα sū- «γεννώ, φέρνω στον κόσμο» (πρβλ. αρχ. ινδ. sūte «φέρνω στον κόσμο» και suta «γιος, αυτός που έχει έλθει στον κόσμο», αρχ. ιρλδ. suth «γέννηση»). Οι τ. με σημ. «γιος» στις διάφορες ινδοευρωπαϊκές γλώσσες έχουν σχηματιστεί από τη ρίζα sū- είτε με επίθημα -yu- (πρβλ. ελλ. υἱύς, τοχαρ. Β' soy, τοχαρ. Α' se, seyo) είτε με έρρινο επίθημα -nu- (πρβλ. αρχ. ινδ. sūnuh, αβεστ. hunuš, λιθουαν. sūnus, αρχ. σλαβ. synŭ, γοτθ. sunus, αγγλοσαξ. sunu απ' όπου τα αγγλ. sun, γερμ. Sohn). Η Λατινική και η Κελτική, ωστόσο, δεν μαρτυρούν τ. σχετικούς με τους προηγούμενους: αρχ. ιρλδ. macc, λατ. filius (από όπου τα γαλλ. fils, ιταλ. figlio), ενώ σε άλλες γλώσσες μαρτυρούνται και τ. συνώνυμοι από άλλη ρίζα: αρχ. ινδ. putrah, αβεστ. puθrό (βλ. λ. παῖς). Το όνομα υἱός είχε αρχικά θέμα με βραχύ -υ-: κρητ. υἱύς, αττ. ὑύς και με συναίρεση ὕς. Οι αρχικοί τ. της αιτ. του ενικού ὑιύν και του πληθ. ὑιύνς μαρτυρούνται επίσης στην κρητική διάλ. Στον Όμηρο έχουμε γεν. ενικού υἷος, δοτ. υἷι (με βαρυτονία πιθ. λόγω αιολικής προέλευσης τών τ.) και γεν. πληθ. υἱῶν. Κατ' αναλογία, επίσης, προς τα συμφωνόληκτα, σχηματίστηκαν αιτ. ενικού υἷα και πληθ. υἷας. Η δοτ. πληθ. υἱάσι και ως προς τον φωνηεντισμό -α- και ως προς τον τονισμό ερμηνεύεται κατ' αναλογία προς το πατράσι. Είναι πιθανόν, ωστόσο, ότι μερικές πτώσεις διέθεταν και προκαταληκτικό φωνηεντισμό -ε-: ονομ. πληθ. υἱέες / υἱεῖς. Το φωνήεν -ε-, μάλιστα, φαίνεται ότι επεκτάθηκε και έτσι έχουμε: γεν. εν. υἱέος, δοτ. εν. υἵεϊ / υἱεῖ, αιτ. εν. υἱέα και αιτ. πληθ. υἱέας (αττ. υἱεῖς κατά το πήχεις), δοτ. πληθ. υἱέσι. Τελικά, η λ. προσχώρησε στη θεματική κλίση με φωνηεντισμό -ο- (υἱός, υἱοῦ, υἱῷ, υἱόν, υἱοί, υἱῶν, υἱοῖς, υἱούς) ήδη από τον Όμηρο, ενώ τόσο το θέμα σε -ε- όσο και το θέμα σε -ο- φαίνεται ότι σχηματίστηκαν για να αποφευχθεί η διαδοχική παρουσία τών δύο -υ-. Στη Νέα Ελληνική, τέλος, χρησιμοποιείται η λ. γιος (υιός> υγιός> γιος).
ΠΑΡ. υιικός, υιότητα (-ης)
αρχ.
ὑιάφιον, ὑΐδιον, υἱδοῦς
αρχ.-μσν.
υἱῶ
μσν.
υἱοῦμαι, υἱωνός.
ΣΥΝΘ. (Α συνθετικό) υιοθεσία, υιοκτόνος
αρχ.
υἱαρχία, υἱόθρεπτος
αρχ.-μσν.
υἱοπάτωρ, υἱοποιοῦμαι
μσν.
υἱοποιός, υἱοπρεπής, υἱοτοκία
(Β' συνθετικό) νεοελλ. ακριβογιός, καλογιός, μοναχογιός, παραγιός, ψυχογιός].
Greek Monotonic
υἱός: ὁ, κλίνεται ομαλά υἱοῦ, υἱῷ, υἱόν· επίσης κατά την γʹ κλίση όπως αν υπήρχε ονομ. *υἱεύς, γεν. υἱέος, δοτ. υἱεῖ, Επικ. υἱέϊ, αιτ. υἱέα· δυϊκ. υἱέε, υἱέοιν· πληθ. υἱεῖς, Επικ. υἱέες, υἱέσι, υἱεῖς, Επικ. υἱέας· στον Όμηρ. επίσης (όπως αν προερχόταν από ονομ. *υἷς), γεν. υἷος, δοτ. υἷι, αιτ. υἷα, δυϊκ. υἷε (που διακρίνεται από την κλητ. ενικ. υἱὲ από τον τόνο), πληθ. υἷες, υἱάσι, υἷας· σε μεταγεν. Επικ. έχουμε γεν. υἱῆος, υἱῆι κ.λπ.·
1. γιος, Λατ. filius, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα, υιοθεσία γιου (τέκνου), σε Αισχίν.· υἱεῖς ἄνδρες, ενήλικοι, ώριμοι, μεγάλοι γιοι, σε Δημ.· σπανιότερα λέγεται για ζώα, σε Καινή Διαθήκη
2. σε περιφράσεις, υἷες Ἀχαιῶν, αντί Ἀχαιοί, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· πρβλ. παῖς. (Ο Όμηρ. μερικές φορές παραδίδει την πρώτη συλλαβή βραχεία, όπως αν υπήρχε ὑός).
Middle Liddell
υἱός, οῦ, ὁ,
1. etc. A son, Lat. filius, Hom., etc.; υἱὸν ποιεῖσθαί τινα to adopt him as a son, Aeschin.; υἱεῖς ἄνδρες grown up sons, Dem.:—rarely of animals, NTest.
2. periphrasis, υἷες Ἀχαιῶν, for Ἀχαιοί, Il.; cf. παῖς. [Hom. sometimes makes the 1st syllable short, as if it were ὑός.]
Frisk Etymology German
υἱός: (seit Il.),
{huiós}
Forms: auch ὑός (att.); älter υἱύς (lak., gort. usw., altatt. auch ὑύς, ὕς; mykr i-ju ?); obl. Formen: Gen. υἱοῦ (kork. VIa [Epigr.], χ 238 usw.), υἱέος (seit Il.), υἱῆος (hell. u. sp. Epik), υἷος (Ho.m., thess.), Akk. ὑ(ι)όν, υἱύν, υἱέα, υἷα, Nom. pl. ὑ(ι)οί, υἱέες, υἱεῖς, υἱῆες, υἷες usw.; Einzelheiten zur Flexion bei Schwyzer 574 f., dazu Ruijgh Études sur la gramm. 361 f.; für Homer auch Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 227 f.; zur Erklärung auch unten. Zur Behandlung des intervok. ι Schwyzer 199 f.
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Sohn
Composita: Ganz vereinzelt als Vorderglied, z.B. υἱοθεσία f. Adoption (hell. u. sp.); Univerbierung von υἱὸν θέσθαι.
Derivative: Ableitungen: 1. Movierte Fem. υιη f. Tochter (Sammelb. Ip), auch υα (Mytilene Ip[?]); vgl. Klaffenbach KZ 65, 258ff. 2. Demin. ὑΐδιον n. (Ar.), υἱάφιον n. (Gloss.). 3. Denomin. υἱόω, -όομαι als Sohn adoptieren mit -ωσις f. Adoption (sp.). 4. Bezeichnungen für Enkel: a. υἱωνός (Hom., Theok., Plu., sp. Inschr. u. Pap.), Bildung wie κοινωνός u.a.; s. Schmeja IF 68, 26 f., der die Zurückführung auf einen Langdiphthong υἱω[υ]- (z.B. Schwyzer 480) mit Recht ablehnt. Plur. υἱωνεῖς· υἱῶν υἱέες H. nach υἱεῖς (Bosshardt 78). Fem. υἱωνή Enkelin (J., Gramm.). b. ὑ(ι)ιδοῦς (Pl., X., D., Arist. u.a.), ὑ(ι)ιδεύς (Isok., H.); Bildung wie ἀδελφιδοῦς u.a. (Schwyzer 510 m. Lit., Bosshardt 149). Fem. ὑϊδῆ (Pap.Ia, Poll., H.).
Etymology: Der ο-Stamm in υἱός ist gegenüber dem υ-Stamm in υἱύς sekundär und wahrscheinlich schon früh daraus durch Dissimilation entstanden. Bei der Flexion von υἱύς erscheinen in den sog. starken Kasus neben den erwarteten hochstufigen Formen υἱέος (wie ἡδέος, πήχεος), υἱέι und υἱεῖ, υἱέες und υἱεῖς, Du. υἱέε, υἱεῖ (aus *sui̯eu̯-; vgl. unten) auch die tiefstufigen υἷος, υἷι (äol. Barytonese?), υἷές, υἷε (aus *sui̯u̯- neben *sui̯u- in υἱύς). Beide Reihen können alt sein; die durchgehende Tiefstufe ist indessen mit Ausnahme von thess. Gen. hvios auf das Epos beschränkt. Die Akkusative υἱέα, υἷα, υἱέας, υἷας sind alle Neubildungen für υἱύν, υἱύνς (gort. u.a.), Dat. pl. υἱάσι für *υἱύσι nach πατράσι usw. Zu υἱύς stimmt toch. B soy, A se Sohn mit Cen. A seyo (aus idg. *sui̯eu̯os = υἱέος? v. Windekens Ling. Posn. 8, 40ff.); auch arm. ustr ib., das nach dustr Tochter umgebildet wurde, setzt eine entsprechende Grundform voraus. Daneben stehen in anderen Sprachen nhaltige Formen: aind. sūnúḥ, lit. sūnùs, aksl. synъ, germ., z.B. got. sunus, ahd. sunu, aw. hunu-, alles aus idg. *sū̆nus. Bei Abtrennung der formantischen Elemente -i̯u- bzw. -nu- ergibt sich Anschluß an ein Verb für gebären in aind. sū́te, wozu su-tá- Sohn, eig. Geborener; daneben das kelt. Abstraktum air. suth aus *su-tu-s Geburt, Frucht. Auch für υἱύς, sūnúḥ u. Verw. empfehlen sich somit eine Zerlegung *su-i̯u-, su-nu- und eine entsprechende Grundbed. Geburt, Leibesfrucht. (Unwahrscheinliche Vermutung über die Entstehung von sū- gebären bei Kronasser Acta Balto-Slavica 3 [1966] 80f.). Bemerkenswert ist die morphologische Sonderstellung dieser Wörter für Sohn im Rahmen der übrigen Verwandtschaftswörter, insbes. der Wörter für Vater, Mutter, Tochter, Bruder, ebenso ihre etymologische Durchsichtigkeit. Vielleicht haben sie ein älteres Wort für Sohn ersetzt, gerade wie sie ihrerseits von anderen Wörtern zurückgedrängt oder gänzlich ersetzt wurden, z.B. aind. putráḥ, aw. puϑrō, gr. παῖς, lat. fīlius, kelt., z.B. air. macc, lett. dêls. Ob im ital.-kelt. Gebiet Ableger von sū- gebären im Sinn von Sohn überhaupt je existiert haben, bleibt ja eine offene Frage. Gegen Verbindung von lyd. śuλoś angebl. Sohn mit heth. DUMU-laš Kind, Sohn Gusmani Sprache 8, 81 f.
Page 2,950-961
Chinese
原文音譯:uƒÒj 葵哦士
詞類次數:名詞(381)
原文字根:兒子 相當於: (בֵּן / בְּנׄו / לַבֵּן)
字義溯源:兒子*,後裔,子孫,兒,子,子民,子弟,人,後裔,崽子,男胎,(人,)類,世(人)。以色列人也稱孫子,曾孫,為兒子;所以編號(υἱός)=兒子)也含有子孫和後裔的意思;和合本有時也將這編號譯為子民,子弟,孩子。神的兒子是獨一的指主耶穌,由天使向馬利亞宣告說,聖靈要臨到你身上,至高者的能力要蔭庇你,因此所要生的聖者,必稱為神的兒子( 路1:35)。當主耶穌感謝父時,就說,一切所有的,都是我父交付我的;除了父,沒有人知道子;除了子和子所願意指示的,沒有人知道父( 太11:27)。我們都是神的兒女,都盼望更深的認識父神,主耶穌在他感謝父的話中,給我們指示了一條途徑
出現次數:總共(380);太(91);可(35);路(77);約(55);徒(22);羅(12);林前(2);林後(4);加(13);弗(4);西(2);帖前(3);帖後(1);來(24);雅(1);彼前(1);彼後(1);約壹(22);約貳(2);啓(8)
譯字彙編:
1) 兒子(170)數量太多,不能盡錄;
2) 子(148)數量太多,不能盡錄;
3) 子孫(28) 太1:1; 太9:27; 太12:23; 太15:22; 太20:30; 太20:31; 太21:9; 太21:15; 太22:42; 太22:45; 太23:31; 可10:47; 可10:48; 可12:35; 可12:37; 路18:38; 路18:39; 路19:9; 路20:41; 路20:44; 徒3:25; 徒7:16; 徒13:26; 徒23:6; 羅9:27; 加3:7; 來7:5; 來11:22;
4) 子民(11) 太8:12; 路1:16; 徒5:21; 徒7:23; 徒7:37; 徒9:15; 徒10:36; 林後3:7; 林後3:13; 啓2:14; 啓7:4;
5) 人(4) 太9:15; 太27:9; 可2:19; 路5:34;
6) 一個兒子(4) 太1:21; 路1:13; 路1:57; 羅9:9;
7) 子弟(2) 太12:27; 路11:19;
8) 兒子的(1) 來12:5;
9) 兒子們(1) 來11:21;
10) 兒!(1) 來12:5;
11) 一位⋯子(1) 啓1:13;
12) 世(1) 弗3:5;
13) 一個⋯孩子(1) 啓12:5;
14) 子的(1) 太24:30;
15) 崽子(1) 太21:5;
16) 後裔(1) 太1:1;
17) 類(1) 可3:28;
18) 男胎(1) 路1:36;
19) 眾子(1) 羅8:19;
20) 兒(1) 林後6:18
Mantoulidis Etymological
(=ὁ γιός). Λατιν. filius.