pro: Difference between revisions
(6_13) |
(CSV3 import) |
||
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=pro PREP ABL :: on behalf of; before; in front/instead of; for; about; according to; as, like | |||
}} | |||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>prō</b> | |||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 22:05, 12 June 2024
Latin > English
pro PREP ABL :: on behalf of; before; in front/instead of; for; about; according to; as, like
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
prō: (archaic collat. form, posi in posimerium; cf. pono, from posino; cf. Gr. ποτί and ποτ with πρός), adv. and prep. root in Sanscr. prep. pra-, before, as in prathamas, first; Gr. πρό; cf.: πρότερος, πρῶτος, etc.; Lat.: prae, prior, priscus, etc.; perh. old abl. form, of which prae is the loc.,
I before, in front of; and, transf., for, with the idea of protection, substitution, or proportion.
I Adv., found only in the transf. comp. signif. (v. infra, II. B. 3.) in connection with quam and ut: pro quam and pro ut (the latter usually written in one word, prout), like prae quam and prae ut. *
A Pro quam, in proportion as, just as: nec satis est, pro quam largos exaestuat aestus, Lucr. 2, 1137. —
B Pro ut or prout, according as, in proportion, accordingly, proportionably as, just as, as (class.): compararat argenti bene facti, prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant, satis, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83: tuas litteras, prout res postulat, exspecto, id. Att. 11, 6 fin.: id, prout cujusque ingenium erat, interpretabantur, Liv. 38, 50: prout locus iniquus aequusve his aut illis, prout animus pugnantium est, prout numerus, varia pugnae fortuna est, id. 38, 40 fin.—With a corresp. ita: ejusque rationem ita haberi, prout haberi lege liceret, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46: prout sedes ipsa est, ita varia genera morborum sunt, Cels. 4, 4, 5: prout nives satiaverint, ita Nilum increscere, Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51.—
II Prep. with abl. (late Lat. with acc.: PRO SALVTEM SVAM, Inscr. Grut. 4, 12; 46, 9; Inscr. Orell. 2360), before, in front of.
A Lit., of place: sedens pro aede Castoris, Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 27: praesidia, quae pro templis cernitis, id. Mil. 1, 2: ii qui pro portis castrorum in statione erant, Caes. B. G. 4, 32: pro castris copias habere, id. ib. 7, 66: pro castris dimicare, id. ib. 5, 16: pro oppido, id. ib. 7, 71: pro opere consistere, Sall. J. 92, 9: castra pro moenibus locata, Liv. 2, 53; 4, 17: pro muro, id. 30, 10: pro castris explicare aciem, id. 6, 23: pro vallo, Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; Vell. 2, 19, 1.—With verbs of motion: Caesar pro castris suas copias produxit, before the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 48: hasce tabulas hic ibidem pro pedibus tuis obicito, before your feet, App. Mag. p. 337, 36; id. M. 4, p. 155, 2.—
2 In partic., with the accessory idea of presence on the front part, on the edge or brink of a place, on or in the front of, often to be translated by a simple on or in: pro censu classis iuniorum, Serv. Tullius cum dixit, accipi debet in censu, ut ait M. Varro, sicuti pro aede Castoris, pro tribunali, pro testimonio, Fest. p. 246 Müll.; cf.: pro significat in, ut pro rostris, pro aede, pro tribunali, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; and: pro sententia ac si dicatur in sententiā, ut pro rostris id est in rostris, id. p. 226 Müll.: hac re pro suggestu pronunciata, qs. standing on the front part of the tribune, or, as we would say, on the tribune, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: pro tribunali cum aliquid ageretur, was transacted before or at my tribunal, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 21; so, pro tribunali, id. Pis. 5, 11; id. Sest. 15, 34: pro contione, before the assembled army; and, in gen., before the assembly: laudatus pro contione Jugurtha, Sall. J. 8, 2; cf. Curt. 9, 1, 1: pro contione laudibus legati militumque tollere animos, Liv. 7, 7: fortes viros pro contione donantis, Curt. 10, 5, 10: pro contione litteras recitare, id. 4, 10, 16; Liv. 38, 23 fin.: pro contione palam utrumque temptavit, Suet. Vesp. 7; Tac. A. 3, 9; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 3: 4, 5, 11; cf.: pro comitio, Suet. Aug. 43: uti pro consilio imperatum erat, in the council, Sall. J. 29, 6; cf.: supplicatio in triduum pro collegio decemvirūm imperata fuit, Liv. 38, 36: pontifices pro collegio decrevisse, Gell. 11, 3, 2: pro collegio pronuntiare, Liv. 4, 26, 9: suas simultates pro magistratu exercere, id. 39, 5: pro munimentis castelli manipulos explicat, before, on the fortifications, Tac. A. 2, 80; 12, 33: stabat pro litore diversa acies, in front of or upon the shore, id. ib. 14, 30: legionem pro ripā componere, id. ib. 12, 29: velamenta et infulas pro muris ostentant, in front of, from the walls, Tac. H. 3, 31; so, pro muris, id. A. 2, 81: ad hoc mulieres puerique pro tectis aedificiorum saxa et alia, quae locus praebebat, certatim mittere, standing on the edge of the roofs, from the roofs, Sall. J. 67, 1 Kritz.—
B Transf.
1 To signify a standing before or in front of, for defence or protection; hence an acting for, in behalf of, in favor of, for the benefit of, on the side of (opp. contra, adversum): veri inveniendi causā contra omnia dici oportere et pro omnibus, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 60; cf.: hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius, id. de Or. 3, 20, 75: partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse, id. Clu. 32, 88: difficillimum videtur quod dixi, pro ipsis esse quibus eveniunt ista, quae horremus ac tremimus, Sen. Prov. 3, 2: haec cum contra legem proque lege dicta essent, Liv. 34, 8: pro Romano populo armis certare, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 215 Vahl.); cf.: pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.): quae ego pro re publica fecissem, Cato ap. Front. p. 149: nihil ab eo praetermissum est, quod aut pro re publicā conquerendum fuit, aut pro eā disputandum, Cic. Sest. 2, 3: omnia me semper pro amicorum periculis, nihil umquam pro me ipso deprecatum, id. de Or. 2, 49, 201: convenit dimicare pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patriā, id. Tusc. 4, 19, 43: dulce et decorum est pro patriā mori, Hor. C. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 2: pro sollicitis non tacitus reis, id. ib. 4, 1, 14: spondere levi pro paupere, id. A. P. 423: urbes, quae viris aut loco pro hostibus et advorsum se opportunissumae erant, Sall. J. 88, 4: nec aliud adversus validissimas gentes pro nobis utilius, quam, etc., Tac. Agr. 12: et locus pro vobis et nox erit, Liv 9, 24, 8: et loca sua et genus pugnae pro hoste fuere, id. 39, 30, 3: pro Corbulone aetas, patrius mos ... erant: contra, etc., Tac. A. 3, 31; id. H. 4, 78; Curt. 4, 14, 16.—
2 With the notion of replacement or substitution, in the place of, instead of, for.
a In gen.: numquam ego argentum pro vino congiario ... disdidi, Cato ap. Front. p. 149: ego ibo pro te, si tibi non libet, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 10: ego pro te molam, Ter. And. 1, 2, 29; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13: mutata (ea dico), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud ... ut cum minutum dicimus animum pro parvo, etc., id. Or. 27, 92 sq.; cf.: libenter etiam copulando verba jungebant, ut sodes pro si audes, sis pro si vis ... ain' pro aisne, nequire pro non quire, malle pro magis velle, nolle pro non velle. Dein etiam saepe et exin pro deinde et exinde dicimus, id. ib. 45, 154: pro vitulā statuis dulcem Aulide natam, Hor S. 2, 3, 199: pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus, id. ib. 1, 3, 61; cf. Suet. Caes. 70: pro ope ferendā sociis pergit ipse ire, etc., Liv. 23, 28, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.; Zumpt, Gram. § 667; cf.: pro eo, ut ipsi ex alieno agro raperent, suas terras, etc., Liv. 22, 1, 2.—
b Esp. freq. in connection with the title of any officer, to denote his substitute' pro consule, pro praetore, pro quaestore, pro magistro, etc. (afterwards joined into one word, as proconsul, propraetor, proquaestor, promagister, etc.), proconsul, proprœtor, proquœstor, vice-director: cum pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscens Athenas venissem, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 82; cf.: cum L. Philippus pro consulibus eum se mittere dixit, non pro consule, instead of the consuls, not as proconsul, id. Phil. 11, 8, 18: nec pro praetore, Caesarem (vocat), id. ib. 13, 10, 22; Liv. 35, 1. cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem, Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11' cf.: litteris Q. Caepionis Bruti pro consule ... Q. Hortensii pro consule opera, etc., id. Phil. 10, 11, 26: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, id. Att. 11, 10, 1; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; id. Fam. 13, 65, 1; see also the words proconsul, promagister, propraetor, proquaestor, etc.—
c So of price, penalty, etc., in exchange, in return for: tres minas pro istis duobus dedi, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 138; id. Aul. 3, 3, 8: pro hujus peccatis ego supplicium sufferam, Ter. And. 5, 3, 17: dimidium ejus quod pactus esset, pro carmine daturum, Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 351: pro vitā hominis nisi hominis vita reddatur, non posse deorum inmortalium numen placari, Caes. B. G. 6, 16: id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae hostibus redditum, Liv. 7, 19, 3: vos, pro paternis sceleribus, poenas date, Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21: pro crimine poenas, Ov. Ib. 621.—
3 Pro is also frequently used to denote the viewing, judging, considering, representing of a thing as something, for, the same as, just as, as: pro sano loqueris, quom me appellas nomine, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24: sese ducit pro adulescentulo, id. Stich. 3, 1, 65; id. Cist. 1, 3, 24: hunc Eduxi a parvulo, habui, amavi pro meo, as my own, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 23: Cato ille noster qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus, whose voice I regard as equal to that of thousands, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1: Siciliam nobis non pro penariā cellā, sed pro aerario fuisse, id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 5: P. Sestio pro occiso relictus est, id. Sest. 38, 81; Caes. B. G. 3, 109: cum pro damnato mortuoque esset, as good as condemned and dead, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33: summa ratio, quae sapientibus pro necessitate est, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 3: negotia pro solatiis accipiens, Tac. A. 4, 13: consuli pro hostibus esse, Liv. 43, 5, 4: adeo incredibilis visa res, ut non pro vano modo, sed vix pro sano nuncius audiretur, as a boaster, Liv. 39, 49: quoniam de adventu Caesaris pro certo habebamus, to consider as certain, Mat. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, 6 et saep.; v. certus.—
4 Esp. in certain phrases: pro eo, for the same thing, as just the same: ut si a Caesare, quod speramus, impetrarimus, tuo beneficio nos id consecutos esse judicemus: sin minus, pro eo tantum id habeamus, cum a te data sit opera, ut impetraremus, Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 5.—With the particles of comparison: atque (ac), ac si, quasi, just the same as, even as, as though: pro eo ac debui, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1: pro eo ac si concessum sit, Cic. Inv. 1, 32, 54: pro eo est atque si adhibitus non esset, Dig. 28, 1, 22: pro eo erit quasi ne legatum quidem sit, ib. 30, 1, 38: pro eo quod, for the reason that, because: pro eo quod ejus nomen erat magnā apud omnes gloriā, Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: pro eo quod pluribus verbis vos quam volui fatigavi, veniam a vobis petitam velim, Liv 38, 49 fin.—
5 On account of, for the sake of: dolor pro patriā, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24: tumultus pro recuperandā re publicā, id. Brut. 90, 311 dub. (B. and K. omit pro): dedit pro corpore nummos, i. e. to rescue his person, Hor. S. 1, 2, 43: aliquem amare pro ejus eximiā suavitate, Cic. de Or 1, 55, 234: pro quibus meritis quanto opere dilectus sit, Suet. Aug. 57: cum pro incolumitate principis vota susceperunt, Tac. A. 4, 17: pro bono (= bene), Sall. J. 22, 4.—
6 Pro is used in its most general sense in stating the relation between two objects or actions, in proportion, in comparison with, according to or as, conformably to, by virtue of, for, etc.: meus pater nunc pro hujus verbis recte et sapienter facit, according to his story, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133: tu pro oratione nec vir nec mulier mihi's, id. Rud. 4, 4, 71: pro viribus tacere ac fabulari, according to one's ability, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 4 (Trag. v. 181 Vahl.): facere certum'st pro copiā ac sapientiā, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 8: agere pro viribus, Cic. Sen. 9, 27: aliquem pro dignitate laudare, id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33: proelium atrocius quam pro numero pugnantium fuit, Liv. 21, 29: pro imperio, by virtue of his office or authority: quia pro imperio palam interfici non poterat, Liv. 1, 51, 2; hence, imperatively, dictatorially, summarily: nec illum ipsum submovere pro imperio posse more majorum, id. 2, 56, 12' hem! satis pro imperio, quisquis es, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18: pro tuā prudentiā, Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2; 11, 12, 2: cum in eam rationem pro suo quisque sensu ac dolore loqueretur, id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: quibus aliquid opis fortasse ego pro meā, tu pro tuā, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset, id. Fam. 15, 15, 3: pro virili parte, according to one's ability, id. Sest. 66, 138; Liv. praef. 2; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23. —Esp. freq.: pro ratā parte and pro ratā, in proportion, proportionably; v. ratus: pro se quisque, each according to his ability, each one for himself, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 25; Verg. A. 12, 552 et saep.: pro tempore et pro re, according to time and circumstances, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: pro facultatibus, Nep. Epam. 3, 5.—Pro eo, quantum, or ut, in proportion to, as, according to, according as: eāque pro eo, quantum in quoque sit ponderis, esse aestimanda, Cic. Fin. 4, 21, 58: equidem pro eo, quanti te facio, quicquid feceris, approbabo, id. Fam. 3, 3, 2: tamen pro eo ut temporis difficultas tulit, etc., L. Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 126.!*? In composition the o is long in some words, in others short (through the influence of the Gr. προ-): prōdeo, prŏfiteor; and even in words borrowed from the Greek, as prōlogus.—Its signification has reference either to place, before, forwards; or to protection, for; procedo, procurro, profanus; procuro, propugno, prosum, protego.
prō: (less correctly prōh), interj., an exclamation of wonder or lamentation,
I O! Ah! Alas! (class.).
(a) With nom.: proh! bonae frugi hominem te jam pridem esse arbitror, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: pro Juppiter! Enn. ap. Varr L. L. 7, § 12 Müll. (Trag. v 225 Vahl.); Ter. And. 4, 3, 17; id. Eun. 3, 5, 2; id. Ad. 1, 2, 31; cf.: pro supreme Juppiter, id. ib. 2, 1, 42: pro Juppiter, Hominis stultitiam! id. ib. 3, 3, 12: pro di immortales, id. ib. 3, 4, 1; cf.: pro, dii immortales: Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33: pro curia inversique mores! Hor. C. 3, 5, 7: pro scelus, Mart. 2, 46, 8.—
(b) Parenthet.: pro, quanta potentia regni Est, Venus alma, tui, Ov. M. 13, 758: et mea, pro! nullo pondere verba cadunt, id. H. 3, 98: tantum, pro! degeneramus a patribus, Liv. 22, 14, 6; Curt. 4, 16, 10.—
(g) With acc.: pro divom fidem! Enn. ap. Don. ad. Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. v. 30 Vahl.); Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 28; cf.: pro deum atque hominum fidem! id. And. 1, 5, 2; 11; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9; Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 48; instead of which, ellipt.: pro deum immortalium! Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 4: pro deum atque hominum, id. Hec. 2, 1, 1: pro fidem deum! facinus foedum, id. Eun. 5, 4, 21.—
(d) With gen.: pro malae tractationis! Tert. Poen. fin.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) prō⁵ (prō- et prōd-, cf. re- et red-, se- et sed-).
I en composition : a) en avant, avant : procedo, profero, prodeo, proavus ; b) pour : prosum ; c) à la place de : proconsul ; d) en proportion : proquam, prout.
II prép. abl.,
1 devant : sedens pro æde Castoris Cic. Phil. 3, 27, siégeant devant le temple de Castor ; pro castris copias producere Cæs. G. 1, 48, faire avancer les troupes devant le camp
2 du haut de et en avant : pro templis Cic. Mil. 2, sur les degrés des temples ; pro tribunali Cic. Pis. 11, du haut du tribunal, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 3, 6 ; Sall. J. 67, 1 ; Liv. 21, 7, 8 || sur le devant, devant : pro contione Sall. J. 8, 2, devant l’assemblée, cf. Curt. 10, 5, 10, etc.; Liv. 7, 7, 3, etc.; pro consilio Sall. J. 29, 6, devant le conseil
3 pour, en faveur de : pro aliquo (aliqua re) Cic. Clu. 88, CM 11, pour qqn (qqch.)
4 pour, à la place de, au lieu de : pro vallo carros objicere Cæs. G. 1, 26, 3, opposer des chariots en guise de retranchement, cf. Cæs. G. 3, 29, 1, etc. ; pro magistro est quidam L. Carpinatius Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 169, il y a tenant la place du maître [comme sous-directeur] un certain L. Carpinatius ; pro consule Cic. de Or. 1, 82 ; pro quæstore Cic. Ac. 2, 11, en qualité de proconsul, de proquesteur, v. proconsul, proprætor, s. v. pro prætor, etc. ; Cato qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1, Caton qui à lui seul en remplace pour moi cent mille
5 pour = comme [identité]: pro occiso relictus Cic. Sest. 81, laissé pour mort, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33 ; pro perfuga Cæs. G. 3, 18, 3, comme transfuge, en jouant le rôle de transfuge, aliquid pro certo ponere Cæs. G. 7, 5, 6, avancer qqch. comme certain ; pro explorato, pro re comperta habere, v. ces mots
6 pour, en retour de : aliquid pro carmine dare Cic. de Or. 2, 351, donner qqch. pour un poème, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 16, 3,
7 en proportion de : pro hostium numero Cæs. G. 1, 51, 1, proportionnellement au nombre des ennemis, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 2, 5 ; agere pro viribus Cic. CM 27, faire dans la mesure de ses forces ; pro mea, pro tua parte Cic. Fam. 15, 15, 3, pour ma, ta part, dans la mesure de mes, de tes moyens ; pro se quisque Cic. Off. 3, 58, chacun pour sa part ; pro tempore et pro re Cæs. G. 5, 8, 1, conformément au temps et aux circonstances, cf. Cæs. G. 7, 56, 4 ; 7, 74, 1 ; copiæ majores quam pro reliquiis belli Liv. 29, 32, 3, troupes trop nombreuses par rapport à ce qui restait de guerre || pro eo ac Cic. Cat. 4, 3, en proportion de ce que, dans la mesure où, cf. Sulp. Ruf. d. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1 ; pro eo ac si Cic. Inv. 1, 54, dans la même proportion que si, comme si ; pro eo, quantum Cic. Fin. 4, 58, en proportion de ce qui...; pro eo quanti te facio Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2, en proportion de l’estime que j’ai pour toi
8 en raison de, en vertu de : pro tua prudentia Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2, en raison de ta sagesse, cf. Cic. Mur. 86 ; pro suffragio Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 127, en vertu du vote, par l’effet du vote.
(2) prō¹⁰ (moins bon proh), interj., oh ! ah !
1 [avec voc.] : pro supreme Juppiter ! Ter. Ad. 196, oh, tout-puissant Jupiter ! pro dii immortales ! Cic. Pomp. 33, ah ! dieux immortels ! cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 32
2 [acc.] pro deum hominumque fidem ! Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, que les dieux et les hommes m’assistent, v. fides, fin || [avec ellipse de fidem ] : pro deum immortalium ! Ter. Phorm. 351, que les immortels m’assistent !
3 [seul] hélas ! : tantum, pro ! degeneramus... ut Liv. 22, 14, 6, nous dégénérons, hélas ! au point que, cf. Curt. 4, 16, 10 ; Ov. H. 3, 98.
Latin > German (Georges)
(1) prō!1 (nicht proh) Interi. zum Ausdruck der Verwunderung u. der Klage, o! ach! pro di immortales! Cic.: pro deorum hominumque fidem! Cic., od. pro deûm immortalium (sc. fidem)! Ter., od. pro deûm fidem! Liv.: pro sancte Iuppiter! o heiliger Jupiter! Cic.: pro bone Iuppiter! Sen. rhet.: pro Iuppiter! hominis stultitiam! Ter.: pro malae tractationis! Tert.: pro pudor! s. pudor. – zuw. leider, tantum, pro! degeneramus a patribus nostris, ut etc., Liv. 22, 14, 6.
(2) prō2 (altind. prá, griech. πρό), vor, für, I) Adv. in den Verbndgg. proquam, prout, w. s. – II) Praep. m. Abl. (spätlat. m. Acc., Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 81 u. 224 461), A) eig., vom Raume, von der Richtung nach vorwärts od. vornhin, u. zwar: 1) über etwas hinaus, so daß man sich außerhalb eines Gegenstandes, ihm gegenüber, vor ihm befindet, vor, im Angesichte: a) auf die Frage wo? sedens pro aede, Cic.: copias pro oppido collocaverat, Caes.: legiones pro castris constituit, Caes.: stabat pro litore classis, vor, an dem Ufer, Tac. – b) auf die Frage wohin? Caesar pro castris suas copias produxit, vor... hinaus, Caes. b. G. 1, 48, 3. – 2) vorn in, vorn an, vorn auf, wobei man an den Begriff des Hervortretens zu denken hat, so daß der Sprechende oder Handelnde den Gegenstand, auf dem er sich befindet, im Rücken hat, pro suggestu, auf der Tribüne, in der Versammlung, Caes.: pro tribunali, Cic.: pro contione, vor, in der Versammlung, Liv.: u. Tac. (s. Heräus Tac. hist. 4, 24, 16): pro rostris, Suet. – B) übtr., zur Bezeichnung: 1) des Schutzes, Vorteils, für, zum Vorteile, zugunsten (Ggstz. contra alqm), dimicare pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patria, Cic.: hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius, zu meinem Vorteile, Cic.: sive illud pro plebe sive contra plebem est, Liv.: orationes et pro se multae et pro aliis et in alios, Liv.: metuo enim, ne scelerate dicam in te, quod pro Milone dicam pie, Cic. – 2) der Stellvertretung, Verwechselung, Gleichgeltung usw.: a) statt, anstatt, pro consule, Cic.: pro collegio, im Namen des K., Liv.: pro magistro esse od. operas dare, Vizedirektor sein, Cic.: alci pro quaestore esse, bei jmd. die Quästorstelle vertreten, Liv.: pro patre esse alci, Vaterstelle vertreten, Ter.: in vulgus pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum compellabat, Liv.: pro vallo carros obicere, Caes. – b) wie, so gut wie, als, pro victis (abierunt), wie Besiegte, Liv.: Cato est mihi unus pro multis milibus, Cic.: nonnulli ab insciis pro noxiis concīduntur, als Schuldige, Nep.: pro certo scire, für gewiß, Liv.: so auch pro certo polliceri, Cic.: pro infecto habere, für ungeschehen halten, Cic.: pro damnato esse, so gut wie verurteilt, Cic.: hunc amavi pro meo, wie meinen eigenen Sohn, Ter.: transire pro transfuga, als Überläufer, Liv.: stare pro contione, als V., Tac.: dicere pro testimonio, im Zeugenverhöre aussagen, Cic.: pro amicis, als Freunde, freundschaftlich, Liv.: se pro cive gerere, sich als Bürger betragen, d.i. die Pflichten u. Rechte eines Bürgers ausüben, Cic. – dah. auch pro eo, ac si etc., gleich als wenn usw., Cic. – 3) der Vergeltung od. eines Ausgleiches, für, zum Lohne (als Belohnung) für etw., pro vectura solvere, Cic.: pro tribus corporibus XXX milia talentûm auri accipere, Curt.: (alci) pro meritis gratiam referre, Caes. u. Nep.: pro vita hominis hominis vitam reddere, Caes.: pro Caesaris in se meritis ei plurimum debere, Caes.: petere honorem pro flagitio, Plaut.: pro tali facinore stirpem ac nomen civitatis tollere, Caes.: alqm pro scelere suo ulcisci (bestrafen), Caes. – 4) eines Verhältnisses, nach, nach Beschaffenheit, im Verhältnis zu, vermöge, für od. gemäß, infolge, auch im Vergleiche zu (griech. ἀντί), da gebraucht, wo der Wert zweier Dinge gegeneinander gehalten wird, duo talenta pro re nostra ego esse decrevi satis, im V. zu meinem Vermögen, Ter.: pro multitudine hominum et pro gloria belli atque fortitudinis, im V. zu ihrer Bevölkerung und für ihren Kriegsruhm und ihre Tapferkeit, Caes.: sunt impii cives, pro caritate rei publicae nimium multi, pro multitudine bene sentientium admodum pauci, Cic.: proelium atrocius quam pro numero pugnantium fuit, Liv.: hoc tibi pro servitio debeo, infolge des Skl., Ter.: u. so sedulo moneo, quae possum pro mea sapientia, Ter.: latius quam pro copiis, Liv.: pro dignitate populi Romani, Liv.: pro patriae caritate, Nep.: agere pro viribus, Cic.: pro virili parte, Cic.: pro portione, Liv.: pro tempore et pro re, nach Zeit und Umständen, Caes.: pro tempore, Liv.: pro mea parte, für meinen Teil, Cic.: dah. pro se quisque, jeder für sich, nach Maßgabe seiner Kräfte, Cic. u.a.: pro eo, vermöge dessen, nach dem, nach Be schaffenheit dessen, mit folg. ac od. atque (wie) od. quam, quantum, wie, pro eo ac debui, nach dem wie usw., nach meiner Pflicht, Sulpic. in Cic. ep.: pro eo, quanti te facio, nach dem wie ich dich schätze, vermöge meiner großen Achtung vor dir, Cic.: pro eo est atque etc., ist ebenso gut wie usw., ICt.: ferner pro eo quod, weil demnach, Cic.: dagegen auch pro eo habeamus, halten es dafür, Cic.: ferner pro eo ut = prout, je nachdem wie, Cic. Verr. 3, 126: pro imperio, gebieterisch, auf gebieterische Art, Ter.: dah. auch pro tua prudentia, deiner Klugheit gemäß, nach deiner Klugheit, Liv.: pro tuo amore, Liv. – 5) der Veranlassung, Bewirkung durch etwas, durch, fieri pro tribuno aedilem, Liv.: ut pro suffragio renuntiaretur, Cic.: pro praede litis vindiciarum cum satis accepisset, Cic. – / In Zusammensetzungen ist das lateinische pro gew. lang, zuw. aber kurz (z.B. prŏfanus), das griechische pro (πρό) dagegen gew. kurz, zuw. aber lang (z.B. prōlogus).
Latin > Chinese
pro. praep. abl. :: 當。如。護。照。因。為。替。— aede Jovis 雷神廟前。— nihilo habere 不當事。視之如無。— valetudine est 此爲養身。— mercede 顶工錢。 — numero militum 照兵多寡。— re nata 隨時。照光景。— mea parte 論吾分。— virili parte 盡力。— certo ponere 以爲一定。 — testimonio dicere 於案中稱云。— eo quanti te facio, quidquid feceris, approbabo 因我重汝任汝所爲吾转以爲可。— eo ac si diceret esse optimum 其意謂是至善。— seditione res erat 事情將起亂。Laudati — concione 當衆讚美之。Statua — patibulo fuit 石像當刑架。