νῦν: Difference between revisions

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Εὔπειστον ἀνὴρ δυστυχὴς καὶ λυπούμενος → Concinnat luctus suspicacem et miseria → Leichtgläubig ist ein Mann im Unglück und im Leid

Menander, Monostichoi, 183
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|Transliteration C=nyn
|Transliteration C=nyn
|Beta Code=nu=n
|Beta Code=nu=n
|Definition=(for νυν, νυ, v. infr. II), Adv. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[now]], both of the [[present moment]], and of the [[present time]] generally, <b class="b3">οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν</b> mortals <b class="b2">of our day</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.272</span> ; so in Ion. and Att., <b class="b3">οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι]</b> men <b class="b2">of the present day</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.68</span> ; οἵ γε ν. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.105</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1069a26</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.6</span> ; <b class="b3">Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">12</span> ; ὁ ν. παρὼν χρόνος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>174</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>141e</span> ; ἡμέρα ἡ ν. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>351</span> ; νὺξ ἡ ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>16</span> ; ἡ ν. ὁδός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1295</span> ; τὸ ν. [[the present]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>218a6</span>, al. ; ἀπὸ τοῦ ν. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>152c</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>46.30</span>, etc. ; ἀπὸ ν. <span class="title">AP</span>5.40 (Rufin.) ; ἕως τοῦ ν. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>46.34</span> ; <b class="b3">μέχρι ν</b>. (v.l. [[μ. τοῦ ν]].) <span class="bibl">D.S.17.110</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ ν</b>. simply, = [[ν]]., <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.104</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>641</span>, etc. ; τό περ ν. <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">N.</span>7.101</span> ; τὰ δὲ ν. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>133</span> (lyr.) ; τὸ ν. εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>506e</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.42</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>31.2</span> ; τὸ ν. ἔχον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>24.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the immediate past, <b class="b2">just now, but now</b>, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν <span class="bibl">Il.3.439</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">13.772</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 1.43</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>84</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.48</span> ; ν. γοῦν ἐπεχείρησας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>341c</span> ; ἡλίκα ν. ἐτραγῴδει <span class="bibl">D.18.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the future, [[presently]], ν. αὖτ' ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.279</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.307</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.200</span> ; ν. φεύξομαι, τόθ' ἁγνὸς ὤν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>975</span> ; cf. <b class="b3">νῦν δή, νυνί</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> sts. opp. to what might have been under other circumstances, <b class="b2">as it is</b> (or <b class="b2">was), as the case stands</b> (or <b class="b2">stood), as a matter offact</b>, ν. δ' ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε <span class="bibl">Od.1.166</span> ; εἰ μὲν ὑπώπτευον, οὐκ ἂν… ἐποιούμην· ν. δὲ κτλ. <span class="bibl">Th.4.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.122</span>, <span class="bibl">3.113</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cra.</span>384b</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.195</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">καὶ ν</b>. even [[so]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.4.24</span>,<span class="bibl">7.7.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>245</span>, etc. ; ν. γε μάν <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>1.50</span> ; <b class="b3">ν. δή</b>, v. h. v. : with other expressions of Time, <b class="b3">ν.… σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.7.29</span>, <span class="bibl">13.828</span> ; ν. ἤδη [[henceforth]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>801</span> (anap.), etc. ; ν.… ἄρτι [[but now]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>396c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> enclit. (but see below) νυν<b class="b3">, νυ. [νυ</b> only Ep., Boeot., and Cypr. (also Arc. in <b class="b3">ὅνυ</b>, q. v.) ; νῠν twice in Hom., <span class="bibl">Il.10.105</span>, <span class="bibl">23.485</span> : ῡ in Trag. (ῡ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>242</span>,<span class="bibl">246</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>705</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1678</span>, etc. ; ῠ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>92</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>91</span>, etc.), ῡ in Com. (<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1381</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>975</span>, al.), exc. <span class="bibl">Cratin.144</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>105</span> (lyr., citing Agatho), and perh. <span class="title">Nu.</span>141 ; both quantities in <b class="b3">τοίνυν</b>, q.v.] </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> rarely of Time, [[now]], perh. so used in <span class="bibl">Il.10.105</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Parm.19.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>11.44</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Epich.170.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Ep. mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δ' ἐπ' Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον <span class="bibl">Il.1.382</span>, etc. : freq. coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. <span class="bibl">4.93</span> ; καί νύ κεν <span class="bibl">3.373</span> ; <b class="b3">οὔ ν., μή νύ τοι</b>, <span class="bibl">10.165</span>, <span class="bibl">1.28</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπεί νύ τοι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">416</span> ; ὥς νύ περ <span class="bibl">2.258</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετ' <span class="bibl">15.115</span> : freq. with other Advbs., <b class="b3">δεῦρό ν</b>. come <b class="b2">now !</b> <span class="bibl">23.485</span> ; ἐνταῦθά ν. ὕβριζε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1001</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>149</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>724</span> ; εἶά ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>467</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>430</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>316</span> : freq. with imper., <b class="b3">φέρε ν</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">789</span> ; ἄγε ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>1056</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>381</span> ; σπεῦδέ ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>414</span> ; σίγαν. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>87</span>, Cratin.l.c. ; περίδου ν. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>644</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.21</span>, etc. ; ὕφαινέ ν. <span class="bibl">B.18.8</span> ; so in Boeot., ν. ἔνθω <span class="title">IG</span>7.3172.88 (Orchom.) ; also in Cypr. with opt. in commands, <b class="b3">δυϝάνοι ν., δώκοι ν</b>., <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.6,16 H. (Idalion). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> in questions, <b class="b3">τίς ν. ; τί ν.</b>; who, what, why <b class="b2">now?</b> <span class="bibl">Il.5.373</span>, <span class="bibl">1.414</span>,<span class="bibl">4.31</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦ νυ…</b>; <span class="bibl">Od.6.125</span>. [In signf. I always perispom. In signf. II perispom. exc. when short, Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.39</span>, al. ; enclit. when short, sts. in codd., as <span class="bibl">Il.23.485</span> (Pap. in <span class="title">AJP</span>21.304, etc. ; oxyt. when = [[δή]], Tyrannioap.Hdn.Gr.2.27 ; <b class="b3">καθ' ὁμαλισμόν</b> or <b class="b3">κατ' ἔγκλισιν</b> when=<b class="b3">δή</b>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>414</span>, Sch.<span class="bibl">A.R.1.664</span>). In codd. usu. perispom. in both senses, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>82</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>242</span>, <span class="bibl">246</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>705</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>324</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>414</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>758</span>,<span class="bibl">922</span>, etc. ; even νῠν is written <b class="b3">νῦν</b> in codd. vett. Pi. [[passim]], also in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>87</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>92</span>, etc. ; hence νυν may freq. be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of <b class="b3">τοίνῡν</b> perh. shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic.—Position : in signf. I <b class="b3">νῦν</b> can occupy any position ; in signf. II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like [[ἄν, δέ, γάρ]], etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>468</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>1333</span> ; ἀπό νύν με λείπετ' ἤδη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1177</span> (lyr.) ; μετά νυν δός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>56</span> (lyr.) ; νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only <b class="b3">δέ</b> to precede.] (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">nú, nū́, nūnám</b>, OE. [[nū]] 'now', etc.)</span>
|Definition=(for νυν, νυ, v. infr. II), Adv. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[now]], both of the [[present moment]], and of the [[present time]] generally, <b class="b3">οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν</b> mortals <b class="b2">of our day</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.272</span> ; so in Ion. and Att., <b class="b3">οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι]</b> men [[of the present day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.68</span> ; οἵ γε ν. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.105</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1069a26</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.6</span> ; <b class="b3">Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">12</span> ; ὁ ν. παρὼν χρόνος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>174</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>141e</span> ; ἡμέρα ἡ ν. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>351</span> ; νὺξ ἡ ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>16</span> ; ἡ ν. ὁδός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1295</span> ; τὸ ν. [[the present]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>218a6</span>, al. ; ἀπὸ τοῦ ν. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>152c</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>46.30</span>, etc. ; ἀπὸ ν. <span class="title">AP</span>5.40 (Rufin.) ; ἕως τοῦ ν. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>46.34</span> ; <b class="b3">μέχρι ν</b>. (v.l. [[μ. τοῦ ν]].) <span class="bibl">D.S.17.110</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ ν</b>. simply, = [[ν]]., <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.104</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>641</span>, etc. ; τό περ ν. <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">N.</span>7.101</span> ; τὰ δὲ ν. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>133</span> (lyr.) ; τὸ ν. εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>506e</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.42</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>31.2</span> ; τὸ ν. ἔχον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>24.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the immediate past, <b class="b2">just now, but now</b>, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν <span class="bibl">Il.3.439</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">13.772</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 1.43</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>84</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.48</span> ; ν. γοῦν ἐπεχείρησας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>341c</span> ; ἡλίκα ν. ἐτραγῴδει <span class="bibl">D.18.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the future, [[presently]], ν. αὖτ' ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.279</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.307</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.200</span> ; ν. φεύξομαι, τόθ' ἁγνὸς ὤν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>975</span> ; cf. <b class="b3">νῦν δή, νυνί</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> sts. opp. to what might have been under other circumstances, <b class="b2">as it is</b> (or <b class="b2">was), as the case stands</b> (or <b class="b2">stood), as a matter offact</b>, ν. δ' ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε <span class="bibl">Od.1.166</span> ; εἰ μὲν ὑπώπτευον, οὐκ ἂν… ἐποιούμην· ν. δὲ κτλ. <span class="bibl">Th.4.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.122</span>, <span class="bibl">3.113</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cra.</span>384b</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.195</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">καὶ ν</b>. even [[so]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.4.24</span>,<span class="bibl">7.7.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>245</span>, etc. ; ν. γε μάν <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>1.50</span> ; <b class="b3">ν. δή</b>, v. h. v. : with other expressions of Time, <b class="b3">ν.… σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.7.29</span>, <span class="bibl">13.828</span> ; ν. ἤδη [[henceforth]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>801</span> (anap.), etc. ; ν.… ἄρτι [[but now]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>396c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> enclit. (but see below) νυν<b class="b3">, νυ. [νυ</b> only Ep., Boeot., and Cypr. (also Arc. in <b class="b3">ὅνυ</b>, q. v.) ; νῠν twice in Hom., <span class="bibl">Il.10.105</span>, <span class="bibl">23.485</span> : ῡ in Trag. (ῡ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>242</span>,<span class="bibl">246</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>705</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1678</span>, etc. ; ῠ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>92</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>91</span>, etc.), ῡ in Com. (<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1381</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>975</span>, al.), exc. <span class="bibl">Cratin.144</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>105</span> (lyr., citing Agatho), and perh. <span class="title">Nu.</span>141 ; both quantities in <b class="b3">τοίνυν</b>, q.v.] </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> rarely of Time, [[now]], perh. so used in <span class="bibl">Il.10.105</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Parm.19.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>11.44</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Epich.170.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Ep. mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δ' ἐπ' Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον <span class="bibl">Il.1.382</span>, etc. : freq. coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. <span class="bibl">4.93</span> ; καί νύ κεν <span class="bibl">3.373</span> ; <b class="b3">οὔ ν., μή νύ τοι</b>, <span class="bibl">10.165</span>, <span class="bibl">1.28</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπεί νύ τοι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">416</span> ; ὥς νύ περ <span class="bibl">2.258</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετ' <span class="bibl">15.115</span> : freq. with other Advbs., <b class="b3">δεῦρό ν</b>. come <b class="b2">now !</b> <span class="bibl">23.485</span> ; ἐνταῦθά ν. ὕβριζε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1001</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>149</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>724</span> ; εἶά ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>467</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>430</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>316</span> : freq. with imper., <b class="b3">φέρε ν</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">789</span> ; ἄγε ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>1056</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>381</span> ; σπεῦδέ ν. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>414</span> ; σίγαν. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>87</span>, Cratin.l.c. ; περίδου ν. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>644</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.21</span>, etc. ; ὕφαινέ ν. <span class="bibl">B.18.8</span> ; so in Boeot., ν. ἔνθω <span class="title">IG</span>7.3172.88 (Orchom.) ; also in Cypr. with opt. in commands, <b class="b3">δυϝάνοι ν., δώκοι ν</b>., <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.6,16 H. (Idalion). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> in questions, <b class="b3">τίς ν. ; τί ν.</b>; who, what, why <b class="b2">now?</b> <span class="bibl">Il.5.373</span>, <span class="bibl">1.414</span>,<span class="bibl">4.31</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦ νυ…</b>; <span class="bibl">Od.6.125</span>. [In signf. I always perispom. In signf. II perispom. exc. when short, Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.39</span>, al. ; enclit. when short, sts. in codd., as <span class="bibl">Il.23.485</span> (Pap. in <span class="title">AJP</span>21.304, etc. ; oxyt. when = [[δή]], Tyrannioap.Hdn.Gr.2.27 ; <b class="b3">καθ' ὁμαλισμόν</b> or <b class="b3">κατ' ἔγκλισιν</b> when=<b class="b3">δή</b>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>414</span>, Sch.<span class="bibl">A.R.1.664</span>). In codd. usu. perispom. in both senses, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>82</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>242</span>, <span class="bibl">246</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>705</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>324</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>414</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>758</span>,<span class="bibl">922</span>, etc. ; even νῠν is written <b class="b3">νῦν</b> in codd. vett. Pi. [[passim]], also in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>87</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>92</span>, etc. ; hence νυν may freq. be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of <b class="b3">τοίνῡν</b> perh. shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic.—Position : in signf. I <b class="b3">νῦν</b> can occupy any position ; in signf. II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like [[ἄν, δέ, γάρ]], etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>468</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>1333</span> ; ἀπό νύν με λείπετ' ἤδη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1177</span> (lyr.) ; μετά νυν δός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>56</span> (lyr.) ; νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only <b class="b3">δέ</b> to precede.] (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">nú, nū́, nūnám</b>, OE. [[nū]] 'now', etc.)</span>
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Full diacritics: νῦν Medium diacritics: νῦν Low diacritics: νυν Capitals: ΝΥΝ
Transliteration A: nŷn Transliteration B: nyn Transliteration C: nyn Beta Code: nu=n

English (LSJ)

(for νυν, νυ, v. infr. II), Adv.

   A now, both of the present moment, and of the present time generally, οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν mortals of our day, Il.1.272 ; so in Ion. and Att., οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι] men of the present day, Hdt.1.68 ; οἵ γε ν. Pi.O.1.105, B.5.4, cf. Arist.Metaph.1069a26 ; ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν, Th.1.6 ; Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν. ib.12 ; ὁ ν. παρὼν χρόνος S.Tr.174, al., Pl.Prm.141e ; ἡμέρα ἡ ν. S.OT351 ; νὺξ ἡ ν. Id.Ant.16 ; ἡ ν. ὁδός Id.El.1295 ; τὸ ν. the present, Arist.Ph.218a6, al. ; ἀπὸ τοῦ ν. Pl.Prm.152c, LXXGe.46.30, etc. ; ἀπὸ ν. AP5.40 (Rufin.) ; ἕως τοῦ ν. LXXGe.46.34 ; μέχρι ν. (v.l. μ. τοῦ ν.) D.S.17.110 ; τὰ ν. simply, = ν., Hdt.7.104, E.Heracl.641, etc. ; τό περ ν. Pi. N.7.101 ; τὰ δὲ ν. S.OC133 (lyr.) ; τὸ ν. εἶναι Pl.R.506e, X.Cyr.5.3.42, Arist.Ath.31.2 ; τὸ ν. ἔχον Act.Ap.24.25.    2 of the immediate past, just now, but now, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Il.3.439, cf. 13.772, Od. 1.43, S.OC84, X.Cyr.4.5.48 ; ν. γοῦν ἐπεχείρησας Pl.R.341c ; ἡλίκα ν. ἐτραγῴδει D.18.13.    3 of the future, presently, ν. αὖτ' ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Il.5.279, cf. 20.307, Od.1.200 ; ν. φεύξομαι, τόθ' ἁγνὸς ὤν E.El.975 ; cf. νῦν δή, νυνί.    4 sts. opp. to what might have been under other circumstances, as it is (or was), as the case stands (or stood), as a matter offact, ν. δ' ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε Od.1.166 ; εἰ μὲν ὑπώπτευον, οὐκ ἂν… ἐποιούμην· ν. δὲ κτλ. Th.4.126, cf. 1.122, 3.113, Pl. Cra.384b, D.18.195, etc. ; καὶ ν. even so, X.An.7.4.24,7.7.17.    5 coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε S.Ph.245, etc. ; ν. γε μάν Pi. P.1.50 ; ν. δή, v. h. v. : with other expressions of Time, ν.… σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε, Il.7.29, 13.828 ; ν. ἤδη henceforth, S.Ant.801 (anap.), etc. ; ν.… ἄρτι but now, Pl.Cra.396c.    II enclit. (but see below) νυν, νυ. [νυ only Ep., Boeot., and Cypr. (also Arc. in ὅνυ, q. v.) ; νῠν twice in Hom., Il.10.105, 23.485 : ῡ in Trag. (ῡ A.Th.242,246, S.Ant.705, E.Or.1678, etc. ; ῠ S.Tr.92, E.Andr.91, etc.), ῡ in Com. (Ar.V.1381, Pl.975, al.), exc. Cratin.144, Ar.Th.105 (lyr., citing Agatho), and perh. Nu.141 ; both quantities in τοίνυν, q.v.]    1 rarely of Time, now, perh. so used in Il.10.105, cf. Parm.19.1, Pi. P.11.44, al., Epich.170.6.    2 in Ep. mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δ' ἐπ' Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον Il.1.382, etc. : freq. coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. 4.93 ; καί νύ κεν 3.373 ; οὔ ν., μή νύ τοι, 10.165, 1.28 ; ἐπεί νύ τοι ib.416 ; ὥς νύ περ 2.258.    3 in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετ' 15.115 : freq. with other Advbs., δεῦρό ν. come now ! 23.485 ; ἐνταῦθά ν. ὕβριζε A.Pr.82, cf. Ar.Th.1001, V.149, Pl.724 ; εἶά ν. Id.Pax467, V.430, Pl.316 : freq. with imper., φέρε ν. ib.789 ; ἄγε ν. Id.Pax1056, V.381 ; σπεῦδέ ν. Id.Pl.414 ; σίγαν. S.Aj.87, Cratin.l.c. ; περίδου ν. Ar.Nu.644, cf. X.Cyr.5.3.21, etc. ; ὕφαινέ ν. B.18.8 ; so in Boeot., ν. ἔνθω IG7.3172.88 (Orchom.) ; also in Cypr. with opt. in commands, δυϝάνοι ν., δώκοι ν., Inscr.Cypr.135.6,16 H. (Idalion).    4 in questions, τίς ν. ; τί ν.; who, what, why now? Il.5.373, 1.414,4.31 ; ἦ νυ…; Od.6.125. [In signf. I always perispom. In signf. II perispom. exc. when short, Hdn.Gr.2.39, al. ; enclit. when short, sts. in codd., as Il.23.485 (Pap. in AJP21.304, etc. ; oxyt. when = δή, Tyrannioap.Hdn.Gr.2.27 ; καθ' ὁμαλισμόν or κατ' ἔγκλισιν when=δή, Sch.Ar.Pl.414, Sch.A.R.1.664). In codd. usu. perispom. in both senses, A.Pr.82, Th.242, 246, S.Ant.705,El.324, Ar.Pl.414, V.758,922, etc. ; even νῠν is written νῦν in codd. vett. Pi. passim, also in S.Aj.87, Tr.92, etc. ; hence νυν may freq. be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of τοίνῡν perh. shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic.—Position : in signf. I νῦν can occupy any position ; in signf. II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like ἄν, δέ, γάρ, etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός S.Ph.468, cf. OC1333 ; ἀπό νύν με λείπετ' ἤδη Id.Ph.1177 (lyr.) ; μετά νυν δός E.Supp.56 (lyr.) ; νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only δέ to precede.] (Cf. Skt. nú, nū́, nūnám, OE. 'now', etc.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 270] nun, jetzt, sowohl von dem gegenwärtigen Augenblick, als von einem längern Zeitraume, der der Vergangenheit od. Zukunft entgegengesetzt wird; Ggstz von πάλαι, οἷον ἐγὼ νοέω ἠμὲν πάλαι ἠδ' ἔτι καὶ νῦν, Il. 9, 105; Ggstz von ὀπίσσω, 6, 354; φίλον τέως, νῦν δ' ἐχθρόν, Aesch. Ch. 987; νῦν τε καὶ σμικρὸν ἔμπροσθεν, Plat. Phil. 18 d; τότε μὲν – νῦν δέ, Rep. I, 329 a u. öfter; – νῦν ἄρτι, Crat. 396 c; νῦν ἡμέρη ἥδε, Il. 8, 541. – a) sehr gewöhnlich mit dem praes., Hom. u. Folgde überall; auch mit dem imperat., ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν, Od. 22, 437; νῦν δέρκου θαρσῶν, νῦν δέ μοι λέγε, Soph. Phil. 144. 152 (vgl. νύν); so auch mit dem imperat. aor., καὶ νῦν ἔασον, Aesch. Prom. 332; τὰ λοιπὰ νῦν ἀκούσατε, 705; Suppl. 315; ἐκεῖσε νῦν μέθες με, Soph. Phil. 805; ἀλλὰ νῦν ἔτ' ἐν σαυτῷ γενοῦ, 983, öfter; u. so auch μὴ νῦν ἔτ' αὐτῶν μηδὲν ἐς θυμὸν βάλῃς, O. R. 975, μὴ νῦν ἔτ' εἴπῃς, El. 316; auch beim opt. aor., O. R. 1183. – b) mit dem perf.; οὓς γὰρ νῦν ἀκήκοας λόγους, Aesch. Prom. 917; εἴ τι μὴ δαίμων παλαιὸς νῦν μεθέστηκε στρατῷ, Pers. 154; τὰ νῦν πεπραγμένα, 787; νῦν αὖ τρίτος ἦλθέ ποθεν σωτήρ, Ch. 1069; νῦν δ' ἠπάτημαι δύσμορος, Soph. Phil. 937; ἔγνωκα μὲν νῦν, O. C. 96, vgl. Ant. 1150 Tr. 1064, öfter; Plat. Rep. V, 473 e; ἣ ἐμοὶ ἐξαίφνης νῦν οὕτωσι προσπέπτωκεν ἄρτι, Crat. 396 c; Xen. Cyr. 5, 2, 27. – c) auffallender mit dem aor.; νῦν μὲν γὰρ Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν, Il. 3, 439, vgl. 13, 772 Od. 1, 43. 166. 182; τοιῶνδέ γ' ἀρχῶν νῦν ἐπεμνήσθην πέρι, Aesch. Pers. 321, vgl. 524. 885; Ag. 1248; νῦν δὲ ὤρθωσας στόματος γνώμην, 1454; νῦν δ' εἰσῆλθε ἔρις, Soph. O. C. 372; νῦν δ' ἔχρισα, Trach. 685, vgl. 160. 650; Ai. 18. 974; u. in Prosa, καθάπερ νῦν εἶπες, wie du es so eben sagtest, Plat. Soph. 241 d Polit. 307 c. – d) auch mit dem imperf., vgl. weiter unten νῦν δή; so Xen. καὶ γὰρ νῦν, ὅτε ἄνευ ἡμῶν ἐκινδυνεύετε, πολὺν φόβον ἡμῖν παρείχετε, Cyr. 4, 5, 48, vgl. 5, 4, 32. 6, 1, 43; Dem. 19, 65 ὅτε γὰρ νῦν ἐπορευόμεθα, als wir jetzt, d. i. vor Kurzem reif'ten. – e) cum futuro, den Beginn der künftigen Handlung in der Gegenwart zu bezeichnen, νῦν αὖτ' ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι, Il. 5, 279. 20, 307 Od. 1, 200; νῦν δὲ θεοῖσι πρῶτα δεξιώσομαι, Aesch. Ag. 825; vgl. Suppl. 49 ff, νῦν τῶν πρόσθε πόνων μνασαμένα τά τε νῦν ἐπιδείξω πιστὰ τεκμήρια; u. Soph. νῦν δ' εὐδαίμων ἀνύσει, Phil. 710; νῦν γέ σοι ἑκὼν ἐκστήσομαι, 1042; ὡς τοῦτο νῦν πεπράξεται, O. C. 865, öfter; u. in Prosa, ταύτην καὶ ἐγὼ νῦν ἔχων διάξω, Xen. Cyr. 7, 2, 27. – f) mit dem Artikel, gew. bei einem Nomen, so daß das partic. ὤν ergänzt, u. νῦν adjectivisch betrachtet werden kann, jetzig; Aesch. ἀξιώτατος βροτῶν τῶν νῦν, Ag. 518; Plat. σοφωτάτῳ τῶν γε νῦν, Prot. 309 c; ἅπερ καὶ οἱ νῦν ἔχουσι, Rep. II, 372 e, u. sonst; auch öfter bei Soph., ἡ νῦν ἱμέρα El. 906, ἀφ' ἡμέρας τῆς νῦν O. R. 352, τῷ πότμῳ τῷ νῦν 272, ἐν νυκτὶ τῇ νῦν Ant. 16, ὁ νῦν ἔπαινος O. C. 1413, öfter; Eur.; u. in Prosa, κατὰ τὸν νῦν δή λόγον Plat. Soph. 256 c, τῶν νῦν τιμῶν, Rep. VII, 540 d. Aber auch τὸ νῦν u. τὰ νῦν, auch in einem Wort geschrieben, τονῦν, τανῦν, was das Jetzt anlangt, verstärkt = νῦν; τὰ νῦν τάδε, Her. 7, 104; oft bei den Tragg. u. in att. Prosa, ὥςπερ τὸ νῦν, Plat. Theaet. 187 b, καθάπερ τὸ νῦν δή, Phil. 27 a, τί οὖν τὰ νῦν; Prot. 309 b, öfter; τὰ νῦν δὴ ἡμεῖς, Legg. III, 686 c; vgl. τό γε νῦν, Pind. P. 11, 44, τό περ νῦν, N. 7, 101; δαίμων τὰ νῦν γ' ἐλαύνει, Soph. O. C. 1750; τὰ δὲ νῦν τιν' ἥκειν λόγος, 132; so auch τὸ νῦν εἶναι, Xen. Cyr. 5, 3, 42 An. 3, 2, 37 u. sonst, s. εἰμί – Abgeleitet von der Bezeichnung der Gegenwart ist der Gebrauch, daß es bes. einen Ggstz gegen einen hypothetischen Satz der Nichtwirklichkeit, das, was n un wirklich ist, ausdrückt; εἰ γάρ μ' ὑπὸ γῆν ἧκεν –, νῦν δ' αἰθέριον κίνυγματάλας πέπονθα, Aesch. Prom. 157, vgl. 757, nun aber, so aber; καλῶς ἂν ἐξείρητό σοι, εἰ μὴ 'κύρει ζῶσ' ἡ τεκοῦσα· νῦν δ', ἐπεὶ ζῇ, πᾶσ' ἀνάγκη ὀκνεῖν, Soph. O. R. 985; οὐκ ἂν ὧδ' ἐγιγνόμην κακός· νῦν δ' οὐδὲν εἰδὼς ἱκόμην, O. C. 274; vgl. 911. 1369, öfter; εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἦν ἁπλοῦν –, νῦν δὲ τὰ μέγιστα τῶν ἀγαθῶν γίγνεται διὰ μανίας, Plat. Phaedr. 244 a; Thuc. 3, 113; εἰ ἠπιστάμεθα, ὅτι ἥξει, οὐδὲν ἂν ἔδει – · νῦν δέ, ἐπεὶ τοῦτ' ἄδηλον, δοκεῖ μοι, Xen. An. 5, 1, 10, vgl. 7, 8, 16; Sp. – Unter den Vrbdgn mit Partikeln bemerke man bes. νῦν δή, jetzt nun, auch in Beziehung auf Vergangenes, so eben, ἃ νῦν δὴ ἔλεγον, Plat. Prot. 329 c, ὅπερ νῦν δὴ σὺ ἤρου, Phaedr. 61 e, ὅσα προσετάξαμεν νῦν δή, Rep. VI, 491 a; aber auch mit dem fut., καὶ νῦν δὴ τοῦτον θήσομεν ἰδιώτην, Soph. 221 c; vgl. Lob. Phryn. 19.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

νῦν: (ὡσαύτως νυν, νυ, ἴδε κατωτ. ΙΙ), τώρα, κατ’ αὐτὸν τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον, Λατ. nunc, οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ τῆς παρούσης στιγμῆς, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος χρόνου καθόλου, οἳ νῦν βροτοί εἰσι Ἰλ. Α. 272· οὕτω παρ’ παρ’ Ἀττ., οἱ νῦν ἄνθρωποι, οἱ νῦν Ἕλληνες, ὁ νῦν χρόνος, ἡ νῦν ἡμέρα, κτλ.· τὸ νῦν, ὁ παρὼν χρόνος, τὸ παρόν, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν Πλάτ. Παρμ. 152C, κτλ.· ἀπὸ νῦν Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 41· ἀντίθετον τῷ μέχρι νῦν, Schäf. εἰς Λόγγ. σ. 216· - ἀλλὰ τὰ νῦν (ὅπερ συχνάκις φέρεται τανῦν) εἶναι ὡσαύτως εὔχρηστον ἁπλῶς ἀντὶ τοῦ νῦν, Ἡρόδ. 7. 104, Εὐρ. Ἡρακλ. 641, κτλ.· ὡσαύτως καὶ διῃρημένον: τό περ νῦν Πινδ. Ν. 7. 149· τὰ δὲ νῦν Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 133· οὕτω, τὸ νῦν εἶναι Πλάτ. Πολ. 506Ε, Ξεν. Κύρ. 5. 3, 42. 2) τὸ νῦν εἶναι ἐν χρήσει οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀμέσου παρόντος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ παρελθόντος, πρὸ ὀλίγου, «τώρα δά», νῦν Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Ἰλ. Γ. 439, πρβλ. Ν. 772, Ὀδ. Α. 43, 166, Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 84, Ξεν. Κύρ. 4. 5, 48· ἡλικία νῦν ἐτραγῴδει Δημ. 229. 19· - καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ μέλλοντος, τώρα, ἀμέσως, ἐντὸς ὀλίγου, νῦν αὖτ’ ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Ἰλ. Ε. 279, πρβλ. Υ. 307, Ὀδ. Α. 200· νῦν φεύξομαι, τόθ’ ἁγνὸς ὢν Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 975, πρβλ. Ξεν. Κύρ. 4. 1, 23· ἀλλὰ κατὰ τοὺς αὐστηρῶς ἀττικίζοντας αἱ χρήσεις αὖται εἶναι σπάνιαι, Wolf. εἰς Δημ. Λεπτ. σ. 242, πρβλ. νῦν δή, νυνί. 3) ἐνίοτε κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὸ ὅ,τι ἠδύνατο νὰ συμβῇ ὑπὸ ἀλλοίας περιστάσεις, ὡς τώρα ἔχουσι τὰ πράγματα, εἰ μὲν ὑπώπτευον, οὐκ ἂν ... ἐποιούμην, νῦν δὲ κτλ. Θουκ. 4. 126, πρβλ. 1. 122, κτλ.· οὕτω καὶ νῦν ἔτι καὶ ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ περιστάσει, Ξεν. Ἀν. 7. 24, 24., 7. 17. - Αἱ αὐταὶ χρήσεις τοῦ νῦν εὕρηνται ἐν σχέσει πρὸς ἄλλα μόρια, νῦν γε, τὰ νῦν γε, κτλ., Σοφ. Φ. 245, Πλάτ., κτλ.· - ἰδίως, νῦν δή, ἴδε ἐν λ. νῦν δή· - μετ’ ἄλλων ἐκφράσεων χρόνου, νῦν σήμερον, νῦν ἡμέρη ἥδε Ἰλ. Θ. 541, Μ. 828· νῦν ἤδη, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν, ἀπὸ τοῦδε, Σοφ. Ἀντ. 801, κτλ.· νῦν ... ἄρτι, μόλις πρὸ ὀλίγου, Πλάτ. Κρατ. 396C· νῦν ὅτε Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 705, Ἱκέτ. 630. ΙΙ. Πλὴν τῆς καθαρῶς χρονικῆς σημασίας τὸ νῦν ἢ (ἐπὶ τοιαύτης σημασίας συνήθως ἐγκλιτ.) νυν, νυ, ὡσαύτως δηλοῖ, 1) τὴν ἄμεσον ἀκολουθίαν πράγματός τινος κατόπιν ἄλλου, τότε, ἀκολούθως, μετὰ ταῦτα, ἧκε δ’ ἐπ’ Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῆσκον, ἔρριψε τὸ κακὸν βέλος του κατὰ τῶν Ἀργείων, καὶ οὕτως (τότε) οἱ ἄνθρωποι ἀπέθνησκον, Ἰλ. Α. 382· συχνάκις οὕτω παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ. 2) τὴν ἄμεσον ἀκολουθίαν πράγματός τινος ἐξερχομένου ἢ εἰκαζομένου ἐξ ἄλλου, ὅθεν, λοιπόν, μὴ νῦν μοι νεμεσήσετε, μὴ λοιπὸν ὀργισθῆτε ἐναντίον μου, Ἰλ. Ο. 115· συχνάκις παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ. 3) ἐν χρήσει πρὸς ἐνίσχυσιν ἢ ἐπίσπευσιν διαταγῆς, παραγγελίας, προσκλήσεως κτλ., παρ’ Ὁμ. κατὰ τὸ πλεῖστον μετ’ ἐπιρρημάτων, δεῦρό νυν, ἐμπρὸς λοιπόν! γρήγορα! Ἰλ. Ψ. 485· εἶά νυν κτλ., παρ’ Ἀττ. ποιηταῖς τὸ πλεῖστον μετὰ προστακτικῆς, φέρε νυν, ἄγε νυν, σπεῦδέ νυν, σίγα νυν, περίδου νυν, πρβλ. Ξεν. Κύρ. 5. 3, 21, κτλ. Ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις δύναται νὰ ἀποδοθῇ διὰ τοῦ «λοιπόν», καὶ κατὰ σημασίαν προσεγγίζει τὰ μόρια, δή, οὖν, ὡς ἐν τοῖς φέρε δή, ἄγε δή, κτλ.· ἐπεί νυ ἀντὶ τοῦ συνήθους, ἐπειδή, Ἰλ. Α. 416. 4) ὡσαύτως πρὸς ἐνίσχυσιν ἐρωτήσεως, τίς νυν; τί νυν; ποῖος λοιπόν; τί λοιπόν; Α 414., Δ. 31· οὕτως, ἦ ῥά νυ Γ. 183. Τινὲς τῶν παλαιῶν γραμματικῶν διακρίνουσι τὸ νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ νυν, νυ, περιορίζοντες τὸ πρῶτον εἰς τὴν ἔννοιαν τοῦ χρόνου, τὸ δὲ δεύτερον εἰς τὴν τῆς ἀκολουθίας ἢ συμπεράσματος = δὴ ἢ οὖν. Τὸν κανόνα τοῦτον ἠκολούθησαν νεώτεροι ἐκδόται τῶν Τραγικῶν καὶ τοῦ Ἀριστοφάνους καὶ κατὰ τὰ Ἀντίγραφα καὶ παρ’ αὐτά. Δὲν ὑπάρχει δὲ λόγος νὰ μὴ τηρηθῇ ἡ διάκρισις αὕτη καὶ παρὰ τοῖς πεζογράφοις ὡς παρ’ Ἡροδ. (ἴδε Schw. εἰς 1. 183., 9. 10), Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 5. 1. 32 (ἔνθα τὸ ἴτε νυν προὔτεινεν ὁ Dorv. εἰς Θεοφρ. Χαρακ. σ. 701), καὶ παρ’ ἑτέροις οὓς μνημονεύει ὁ Ahresch εἰς Ξεν. Ἐφ. σ. 187. Ὡς πρὸς τὴν ποσότητα, τὸ ἐγκλιτ. νυν εἶναι μακρὸν ἢ βραχὺ (κατὰ τὴν ἀνάγκην τοῦ μέτρου) παρὰ τοῖς Τραγικ.· παρὰ τοῖς κωμικ. ἀείποτε μακρόν, πλὴν ἐν Κρατίνου «Ὀδυσσεῦσι» 15, ἐπειδὴ ἐν Ἀριστοφ. Θεσμ. 103 αἱ λέξεις ἀνήκουσιν εἰς τὸν Ἀγάθωνα. Ἀλλά τινες τῶν ἐκδοτῶν οὐδεμίαν διαφορὰν ἀναγνωρίζουσιν εἰ μὴ τὴν τῆς ποσότητος, ὅθεν γράφουσι νῦν ἀείποτε ἐν τῷ πεζῷ λόγῳ, παραδέχονται δὲ τὸ νυν μόνον ὅπου ἀπαιτεῖ αὐτὸ τὸ μέτρον ἐν τῇ ποιήσει, Ἕρμανν. εἰς Ἀριστοφ. Νεφέλ. 141. Πρβλ. τοίνυν. (Πρβλ. Σανσκρ. nû, nûnam· Λατ. nunc καὶ ἴσως num (πρβλ. tunc, tum)· Ἀρχ. Γερμ. nu (num, τώρα Ἀγγλ. now).)

French (Bailly abrégé)

adv.
maintenant :
I. avec idée de temps :
1 en parl. du temps présent en gén. οἱ νῦν ἄνθρωποι ATT les hommes de ce temps-ci ; ἡ νῦν ἡμέρα ATT le jour d’aujourd’hui ; τὸ νῦν, τὰ νῦν ATT en ce moment ; νῦν γε ATT précisément maintenant, justement à cette heure ; νῦν ἤδη sur-le-champ, dès maintenant;
2 en parl. du passé tout à l’heure : νῦν Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν IL Ménélas vient juste de vaincre;
3 en parl. de l’avenir maintenant, tout à l’heure, désormais;
II. pour marquer la conséquence immédiate d’une action donc, par conséquent ; μὴ νῦν μοι νεμεσήσετε IL ne m’en veuillez donc pas ; νῦν δέ mais, mais maintenant, s’il en est ainsi, mais dans ces circonstances, dans ces conditions, mais en réalité ; καὶ νῦν même ainsi, même dans ces conditions.
Étymologie: cf. lat. num > nunc = num+ce.

English (Autenrieth)

now, freq. νῦν δή, νῦν αὖ, and esp. νῦν δέ, ‘as it is,’ ‘as it was,’ contrasting the real state of the case with a supposed one, Il. 1.417. In the uses that are not strictly temporal νῦν differs from νύν only in form (quantity), not in meaning, Il. 10.175.

English (Slater)

νῡν
   1 now, referring to present, immediate past, or immediate future.
   1 adv. of time.
   a νῦν πέφανται οὐκ ἄμμορος ἀμφὶ πάλᾳ κυναγέτας (N. 6.13) “ὥσπερ τόδε δέρμα με νῦν περιπλανᾶται θηρός” (Stephanus: μίμνοι codd.) (I. 6.47) combined with δέ and καί, εἰ δ' ἀριστεύει μὲν ὕδωρ, κτεάνων δὲ χρυσὸς αἰδοιέστατος, νῦν δὲ Θήρων ἅπτεται Ἡρακλέος σταλᾶν (νῦν γε v. l.) (O. 3.43) νῦν δὲ πὰρ Αἰγιόχῳ κάλλιστον ὄλβον ἀμφέπων ναίει (I. 4.58) “νῦν δ' εὐρυλείμων πότνιά σοι Λιβύα δέξεται εὐκλέα νύμφαν soon (P. 9.55) ἦ μάλα δὴ μετὰ καὶ νῦν afterwards as now (P. 4.64) μάκαρ δὲ καὶ νῦν, ὅτι (P. 5.20) ἤτοι μεταίξαις σὲ καὶ νῦν (N. 5.43) [[[νῦν]] codd., νυν corr. Er. Schmid. (N. 6.8) ] καὶ νῦν ἐν Ἄρει μαρτυρήσαι κεν πόλις Αἴαντος (I. 5.48) τὸ καὶ νῦν φέρει λόγον (I. 8.61)
   b c. impv., exclam., simm., emphasising urgency. ἔπεχε νῦν σκοπῷ τόξον, ἄγε θυμέ (O. 2.89) ὄτρυνον νῦν ἑταίρους (O. 6.87) ἀλλὰ νῦν ἐπίνειμαι (O. 9.5) μὴ νῦν λαλάγει τὰ τοιαῦτ (O. 9.40) ἴσθι νῦν (O. 11.11) ἐπακοοῖτε νῦν (Bergk: ἐπάκοοι νῦν codd.) (O. 14.15) μελαντειχέα νῦν δόμον Φερσε- φόνας ἔλθ, Ἀχοῖ (O. 14.20) γνῶθι νῦν τὰν Οἰδιπόδα σοφίαν (P. 4.263) ἔλα νῦν μοι πεδόθεν (I. 5.38) κλῦτε νῦν (Pae. 6.58) ἰὴ ἰῆτε νῦν μέτρα παιηόνων ἰῆτε, νέοι (Pae. 6.121) Δαμαίνας πα[ῖ, ἐ]να[ισίμ]ῳ νῦν μοι ποδὶ στείχων ἁγέο Παρθ. 2. . μὴ νῦν νεκτα[ρ Παρθ. 2. . θνατῶν. νῦν ψᾶφον ἑλισσομέναν ὁπᾷ κῦμα κατακλύσσει ῥέον (the crux may conceal an impv.) (O. 10.9) ἰὴ, ἰὴ, νῦν ὁ παντελὴς Ἐνιαυτὸς ὧραί τ' ἐπῆλθον (Pae. 1.5)
   c opposed to some other time, or hypothetical situation. νῦν ἐν καὶ τελευτᾷ (O. 7.26) “ὁ δὲ καμὼν προτέρᾳ πάθᾳ νῦν ἀρείονος ἐνέχεται ὄρνιχος ἀγγελίᾳ” (P. 8.49) εἴ ποτ' ἐμᾶν, ὦ Ζεῦ πάτερ, θυμῷ θέλων ἀρᾶν ἄκουσας, νῦν σε, νῦν εὐχαῖς ὑπὸ θεσπεσίαις λίσσομαι” (bis) (I. 6.44) combined with various particles, νῦν δ' ἐν αἱμακουρίαις ἀγλααῖσι μέμικται (O. 1.90) τεά κεν ἀκλεὴς τιμὰ κατεφυλλορόησεν ποδῶν . νῦν δ' Ὀλυμπίᾳ στεφανωσάμενος (O. 12.17) νῦν δ' ἔλπομαι μέν, ἐν θεῷ γε μὰν τέλος (O. 13.104) οἱ μὲν πάλαι νῦν δ (I. 2.9) τόν ποτε Κιλίκιον θρέψεν πολυώνυμον ἄντρον· νῦν γε μὰν (P. 1.17) ἦ κεν ἀμνάσειεν, οἵαις ἐν πολέμοισι μάχαις . νῦν γε μὰν (P. 1.50) τότε γὰρ . νῦν γε μὲν ἀλλοδαπᾶν κριτὸν εὑρήσει γυναικῶν ἐν λέχεσιν γένος (P. 4.50) ἔτλαν δὲ πένθος οὐ φατόν. ἀλλὰ νῦν μοι Γαιάοχος εὐδίαν ὄπασσεν ἐκ χειμῶνος (I. 7.37) ἀλλ' ἁμέρᾳ γὰρ ἐν μιᾷ . νῦν δ αὖ μετὰ χειμέριον ζόφον (I. 4.18), cf. (Pae. 2.80) infra. ἐν Νεμέᾳ μὲν πρῶτον νῦν αὖτε Ἰσθμοῦ δεσπότᾳ (I. 6.5) ἐν κρυοέσσᾳ συντυχίᾳ. νῦν δ' αὖτις ἀρχαίας ἐπέβασε Πότμος συγγενὴς εὐαμερίας (I. 1.39) οὐρανῷ προσπαλαίει νῦν γε πατρῴας ἀπὸ γᾶς . ἐν δὲ χρόνῳ for the present it is true… but… (P. 4.290) νῦν μὲν αὐτῷ (O. 8.65)
   2 c. art., pro subs., τῶν νῦν δὲ καὶ Θρασύβουλος πατρῴαν μάλιστα πρὸς στάθμαν ἔβα (byz.: τῶν δὲ νῦν codd.) (P. 6.43) τίμαθεν γὰρ τὰ πάλαι τὰ νῦν τ' Παρθ. 2. . ξένον μή τιν κυριώτερον τῶν γε νῦν (O. 1.105) παίδων δὲ παῖδες ἔχοιεν αἰεὶ γέρας τό περ νῦν καὶ ἄρειον ὄπιθεν (N. 7.101) pro adv., τὸ νῦν τε καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν (P. 5.117)
   3 fragg. ν]ῦν δ' αὖ γλυκυμάχανον[ (supp. von Arnim) Πα. 2. . νῦν[ Πα. 13. a. 12 ]ει καὶ νῦν τέρας δι[ Πα. 13. c. 9. νῦν δεδ[ Θρ. 2. 5.

English (Abbott-Smith)

νῦν, adv., [in LXX chiefly for עַתָּה;]
1.prop., of time, now, i.e. at the present time: as opp. to past, Jo 4:18, Ac 7:52, Ro 13:11, II Co 7:9, Col 1:24, al.; opp. to fut., Jo 12:27, Ro 11:31, al.; c. art., ὁ (ἡ, τὸ) et subst., the present: Ro 3:26, Ga 4:25, I Ti 6:17, Tit 2:12, al.; απὸ τοῦ ν. (LXX for מֵעַתָּה), Lk 1:48, Ac 18:6, al.; ἄχρι τοῦ ν., Ro 8:22, Phl 1:5; ἕως τοῦ ν. (LXX for עַד עַתָּה), Mt 24:21, Mk 13:19; τὰ ν., as regards the present, Ac 5:38; c. pret., just now, but now, Mt 26:65, Jo 11:8 21:10; c. fut., now, presently, Jo 12:31, Ac 20:22; so c. praes., presently, forthwith, Jo 12:31 17:13; καὶ ν., Jo 11:22 17:5, al.; ἀλλὰ ν., Lk 22:36; ἔτι ν., I Co 3:2; τότε (πότε)… ν. (δέ), Ro 6:21 11:30; ν. ἤδη, I Jo 4:3; ν. οὖν, Ac 10:33, al.
2.Of logical sequence (often difficult to disting. from the temporal sense; cf. Lft., Notes, 113f.), now, therefore, now, however, as it is: Lk 11:39; καὶ ν., Ac 3:17, II Th 2:6, I Jo 2:28; id. seq. δεῦρο, Ac 7:34; ν. δέ, Jo 8:40 9:41 15:22, 24, 18:36, I Co 5:11 7:14 12:20, al. (cf. WM, 57911).

English (Strong)

a primary particle of present time; "now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate: henceforth, + hereafter, of late, soon, present, this (time). See also τανῦν, νυνί.

English (Thayer)

and νυνί (which see in its place), adverb now, Latin nunc (the Sept. for עַתָּה; (from Homer down));
1. adverb of Time, now, i. e. at the present time;
a. so used that by the thing which is now said to be or to be done the present time is opposed to past time: in our times, our age: Diogn. 1 [ET]).
b. opposed to future time: ὕστερον); νῦν καί εἰς πάντας τούς αἰῶνας, ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ added, νῦν with the present is used of what will occur forthwith or soon, very lately (but now, just now, hyperbolically, equivalent to a short time ago), νῦν ἐζήτουν σε λιθάσαι οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, Kypke at the passage; Vig. ed. Herm., p. 425f with a future, of those future things which are thought of as already begun to be done, ἐστι; Winer s Grammar, § 64,2a.); or soon, πορεύομαι merely has inherent future force; cf. Buttmann, § 137,10a.).
d. with the imperative it often marks the proper or fit time for doing a thing: ἄγε νῦν, come now: ἄγε νῦν, cf. Passow, ii., p. 372).
e. with other particles, by which the contrast in time is marked more precisely: καί νῦν, even now (now also), and now, Winer's Grammar, § 43,3a.); ἀλλά νῦν, ἀλλά καί νῦν, but even now, T Tr text WH omit; L Tr marginal reading brackets ἀλλά); ἔτι νῦν, L WH brackets ἔτι); νῦν δέ (see νυνί below) but now, τότε ... νῦν δέ, νυνί δέ); πότε ... νῦν δέ, WH marginal reading νυνί); νῦν ἤδη, now already, νῦν οὖν, now therefore, τό νῦν ἔχον, see ἔχω, II.
b. f. with the article; α. with neuter accusative absolutely of the article, τά νῦν, as respects the present; at present, now (in which sense it is written also τανῦν (so Grab. always, twice; classic editions often τανῦν; cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 111; Chandler, Accent, § 826)): τό νῦν, Krüger, § 50,5, 13; Bernhardy (1829), p. 328; Alexander Buttmann (1873) Gram. § 125,8 Anm. 8 (5)); the things that now are, the present things, as respects the things now taking place, equivalent to as respects the case in hand, β. ὁ, ἡ, τό νῦν, the present, joined to substantives: as ὁ νῦν αἰών, καιρός, νῦν ἱεροσαλημ, οἱ νῦν οὐρανοί, μου τῆς πρός ὑμᾶς νῦν (or νυνί) ἀπολογίας, γ. τό νῦν with prepositions: ἀπό τοῦ νῦν (the Sept. for מֵעַתָּה)' from this time onward (A. V. from henceforth), ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν, ἕως τοῦ νῦν (the Sept. for עַתָּה עַד), now and the Latin nunc, it stands in a conclusion or sequence; "as things now are, as the matter now stands; under these circumstances; in the present state of affairs; since these things are so; as it is": νῦν i. e. since ye are intent on observing the requirements of tradition; (but others take νῦν here of time — a covert allusion to a former and better state of things)); Lightfoot, Ellicott at the passage); καί νῦν, καί νῦν δεῦρο, νῦν δέ (and νυνί δέ see, νυνί, but note; now however; but as it is; (often in classical Greek; cf. Vig. edition, Herm., p. 426; Matthiae, ii., p. 1434 f; Kühner, § 498,2 (or Jelf, § 719,2)): R G in εἰ and the indicative preterite, Buttmann, § 151,26). In Revelation νῦν does not occur. (Synonym: see ἄρτι.)

Greek Monotonic

νῦν: επίρρ.:
I. 1. τώρα, σ' αυτή τη δεδομένη στιγμή, Λατ. nunc· οἳ νῦν βροτοί εἰσιν, αυτοί που είναι τώρα θνητοί, όπως ακριβώς ζουν τώρα, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ομοίως και στους Αττ., οἱ νῦν ἄνθρωποι, οι σύγχρονοι άνθρωποι· τὸ νῦν, ο ενεστώτας χρόνος, σε Πλάτ.· τὰ νῦν (συχνά γραμμένο τανῦν) χρησ. απλώς όπως το νῦν, σε Ηρόδ., Αττ.
2. επίσης, λέγεται για ό,τι έχει αποτελέσει μόλις παρελθόν, ακριβώς τώρα, μόλις τώρα, σε Όμηρ., Σοφ.
3. τώρα, δηλ. όπως έχει τώρα η κατάσταση, αντίθ. προς ό,τι ήταν δυνατόν να συμβεί υπό διαφορετικές περιστάσεις, σε Θουκ.· ομοίως, καὶ νῦν, ακόμη και στην περίπτωση, περίσταση αυτή, σε Ξεν.
II. εκτός από τη σημασία του χρόνου, το εγκλιτ. νυν, νυ δηλώνει:
1. άμεση ακολουθία ενός πράγμ. ύστερα από ένα άλλο, έπειτα, αμέσως έπειτα, αμέσως μετά, σε Όμηρ.
2. επίσης, λέγεται με σημασία συμπεράσματος, λοιπόν, ώστε, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. κ.λπ.
3. χρησιμ. για να επιτείνει διαταγή· δεῦρό νυν, εμπρός λοιπόν! γρήγορα λοιπόν! σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· εἶά νυν, κ.λπ.· φέρε νυν, ἄγε νυν, σπεῦδέ νυν, σίγα νυν, κ.λπ., σε Ξεν.· επίσης, χρησιμ. για να επιτείνει ερώτηση· τίς νυν; τί νυν; ποιος λοιπόν; τι λοιπόν; στον ίδ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

νῦν: adv.
1) ныне, теперь (ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Hom.; ν. τε καὶ σμικρὸν ἔμπροσθεν Plat.): βάρος φίλον τέως, ν. δ᾽ ἐχθρόν Aesch. бремя прежде милое, ныне постылое; ἄχρι τοῦ ν. NT доныне; ἡ ν. ἡμέρα Soph. нынешний день; ἐν νυκτὶ τῇ ν. Soph. этой ночью; τὸ ν. εἶναι Xen. в настоящий момент; τί οὖν τὰ ν.; Plat. ну как же теперь (обстоят) дела?; ἃ ν. δὴ ἔλεγον Plat. то, о чем я только что говорил;
2) но так как, однако: καλῶς ἅπαντα ταῦτ᾽ ἂν ἐξείρητό σοι, εἰ μὴ ἐκύρει ζῶσα ν. δ᾽ ἐπεὶ ζῇ … Soph. все это было бы правильно сказано тобой, если бы (моей матери) не было в живых; но так как она жива …;
3) так вот, поэтому: ν. δὲ ἀπῄεσαν ὡς περὶ τῶν χρημάτων μαχούμενοι Xen. поэтому-то они отступили как бы сражаясь за свое добро; μὴ ν. μοι νεμεσήσετε Hom. так не вините же меня.

Middle Liddell


I. now at this very time, Lat. nunc, οἳ νῦν βροτοί εἰσι mortals who now live, such as they are now, Il.; so in attic, οἱ νῦν ἄνθρωποι men of the present day; τὸ νῦν the present time, Plat.;— τὰ νῦν (often written τανῦν) used simply like νῦν, Hdt., attic
2. also of what is just past, just now, but now, Hom., Soph.
3. now, i. e. as it is, as the case now stands, Thuc.; so, καὶ νῦν even in this case, Xen.
II. besides the sense of Time, the enclit. νυν, νυ denotes
1. immediate sequence of one thing upon another, then, thereupon, thereafter, Hom.
2. also by way of Inference, then, therefore, Il., etc.
3. used to strengthen a command, δεῦρό νυν quick then! Il.; εἶά νυν, etc.; φέρε νυν, ἄγε νυν, σπεῦδέ νυν, σίγα νυν, etc., Xen.:—also to strengthen a question, τίς νυν; τί νυν; who then? what then? Xen.

Chinese

原文音譯:nàn 寧
詞類次數:副詞(140)
原文字根:現在 相當於: (עַתָּה‎)
字義溯源:現在*,目前,立即,如今,現今,今,今起,今後,從今以後,剛才,只是,暫且,近來,這時
同源字:1) (νῦν)現在 2) (τανῦν)如今 3) (νυνί)即時 4) (τοίνυν)就是現在
出現次數:總共(140);太(4);可(3);路(14);約(29);徒(23);羅(12);林前(4);林後(7);加(6);弗(4);腓(5);西(2);帖前(1);帖後(1);提前(2);提後(2);多(1);來(4);雅(3);彼前(5);彼後(2);約壹(4);約貳(1);猶(1)
譯字彙編
1) 現在(58) 太26:65; 太27:42; 太27:43; 可15:32; 約2:8; 約4:18; 約5:25; 約8:40; 約8:52; 約11:22; 約12:27; 約12:31; 約13:36; 約14:29; 約16:5; 約16:22; 約16:30; 約17:5; 約17:13; 徒5:38; 徒7:4; 徒10:5; 徒10:33; 徒12:11; 徒13:11; 徒15:10; 徒16:37; 徒20:22; 徒22:16; 徒23:15; 徒23:21; 徒24:25; 徒26:6; 徒27:22; 羅5:9; 羅6:21; 羅11:31; 林前16:12; 林後6:2; 林後6:2; 加1:23; 加4:9; 加4:29; 弗3:10; 腓1:30; 腓3:18; 西1:24; 帖後2:6; 來9:5; 雅4:13; 彼前1:12; 彼前2:10; 彼前2:10; 彼前3:21; 約壹2:18; 約壹3:2; 約壹4:3; 約貳1:5;
2) 如今(50) 太24:21; 可13:19; 路2:29; 路11:39; 路16:25; 路19:42; 路22:36; 約4:23; 約6:42; 約9:21; 約9:41; 約12:31; 約13:31; 約15:22; 約15:24; 約16:29; 約17:7; 約18:36; 徒7:34; 徒7:52; 徒13:31; 徒16:36; 徒20:32; 羅8:1; 羅8:22; 羅11:30; 羅11:31; 羅16:26; 林前3:2; 林前7:14; 林前12:20; 林後5:16; 林後7:9; 林後13:2; 加2:20; 加3:3; 弗3:5; 弗5:8; 腓1:5; 腓1:20; 腓2:12; 西1:26; 帖前3:8; 提後1:10; 來2:8; 來9:24; 來12:26; 雅5:1; 彼前2:25; 約壹2:28;
3) 現今(13) 路6:21; 路6:21; 路6:25; 路6:25; 徒4:29; 羅6:19; 羅11:5; 羅13:11; 弗2:2; 提前4:8; 雅4:16; 彼後3:18; 猶1:25;
4) 今(9) 可10:30; 路22:69; 約8:11; 徒3:17; 徒18:6; 羅8:18; 林後8:14; 提前6:17; 多2:12;
5) 現在的(2) 加4:25; 彼後3:7;
6) 今起(2) 路1:48; 路12:52;
7) 今後(2) 路22:18; 林後5:16;
8) 現今的(1) 提後4:10;
9) 今以後(1) 路5:10;
10) 剛才(1) 約21:10;
11) 近來(1) 約11:8