aperio: Difference between revisions
Ὁ μὴ γαμῶν ἄνθρωπος οὐκ ἔχει κακά → Multis malis caret ille, qui uxorem haud habet → Der Mann, der ledig bleibt, kennt keinen Leidensdruck
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|lnetxt=aperio aperire, aperui, apertus V TRANS :: uncover, open, disclose; explain, recount; reveal; found; excavate; spread out | |||
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|lshtext=<b>ăpĕrĭo</b>: ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. (<br /><b>I</b> fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-[[pario]], to [[get]] from, [[take]] [[away]] from, i.e. to [[uncover]], [[like]] the opp. [[operio]], from obpario, to [[get]] for, to [[put]] [[upon]], i. e. to [[cover]]; this is the old [[explanation]], and is [[received]] by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to [[uncover]], [[make]] or [[lay]] [[bare]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: patinas, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16: apertis lateribus, Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26: capite [[aperto]] esse, Varr. ib. p. 236, 25; p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur, Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129: [[caput]] aperuit, id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20: capita, Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60: [[aperto]] pectore, Ov. M. 2, 339; and [[poet]]. transf. to the [[person]]: apertae pectora matres, id. ib. 13, 688: ramum, Verg. A. 6, 406 al.—Trop., to [[make]] [[visible]], to [[show]], [[reveal]], Liv. 22, 6: dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit, id. 26, 17 (cf. [[just]] [[before]]: densa [[nebula]] campos [[circa]] intexit): [[dies]] faciem victoriae, Tac. Agr. 38: lux aperuit [[bellum]] ducemque belli, Liv. 3, 15: novam aciem [[dies]] aperuit, Tac. H. 4, 29: his [[unda]] dehiscens Terram aperit, opens to [[view]], Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the [[intermediate]] [[idea]] of [[making]] [[visible]],<br /><b>II</b> Metaph.<br /> To [[unclose]], [[open]]: [[aperto]] ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: aperite [[aliquis]] [[ostium]], Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35: forem aperi, id. Ad. 2, 1, 13: fores, id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82: januas carceris, Vulg. Act. 5, 19: fenestram, ib. Gen. 8, 6: liquidas vias, to [[open]] the [[liquid]] [[way]], Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884: sucum venis fundere apertis, to [[pour]] [[out]] [[moisture]] from its [[open]] veins, Lucr. 5, 812: saccum, Vulg. Gen. 42, 27: os, ib. ib. 22, 28: [[labia]], ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos, ib. Act. 9, 8: accepi fasciculum, in quo erat [[epistula]] Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi, Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13; 6, 3: aperire librum, Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12: [[testamentum]], Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.: [[testamentum]] resignare, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17: [[sigillum]] aperire, to [[break]], Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.: ferro [[iter]] aperiundum est, Sall. C. 58, 7: locum ... [[asylum]], to [[make]] it an [[asylum]], Liv. 1, 8: subterraneos [[specus]], Tac. G. 16: navigantibus maria, Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122: [[arbor]] florem aperit, id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to [[open]] a [[wall]], in [[order]] to [[put]] a [[door]] or [[window]] in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to [[give]] [[sight]] to ([[after]] the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so, aures aperire, to [[restore]] [[hearing]] to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: nec ita claudenda est res [[familiaris]], ut eam [[benignitas]] aperire non possit, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10: [[multus]] [[apertus]] [[cursus]] ad laudem, id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.: [[tibi]] [[virtus]] tua reditum ad tuos aperuit, id. Fam. 6, 11: philosophiae fontes, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to [[open]] one's eyes, [[make]] him [[discern]] ([[after]] the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so, alicujus cor aperire, ib. ib. 16, 14: [[ventus]] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2: occasionem ad invadendum, id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if [[you]] [[enter]] [[upon]] the [[way]] of [[complaint]]), [[nihil]] aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72: Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): [[quia]] aperuisset gentibus [[ostium]] fidei, Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the [[new]] [[year]], to [[open]] it, i.e. [[begin]]: annum, Verg. G. 1, 217: contigit [[ergo]] privatis aperire annum ([[since]] the [[consul]] entered [[upon]] his [[office]] the [[first]] of January), Plin. [[Pan]]. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a [[school]], to [[establish]], [[set]] up, [[begin]], or [[open]] it: [[Dionysius]] [[tyrannus]] Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse, Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.—Poet.: fuste aperire [[caput]], i.e. to [[cleave]], [[split]] the [[head]], Juv. 9, 98.—<br /> <b>B</b> Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to [[lay]] [[open]] a [[place]], [[people]], etc., i.e. to [[open]] an [[entrance]] to, [[render]] [[accessible]] (cf. [[patefacio]]); [[most]] freq. in the histt., esp. in [[Tacitus]]: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum, Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4: Syriam, Tac. A. 2, 70: omnes terras fortibus viris [[natura]] aperuit, id. H. 4, 64: novas gentes, id. Agr. 22: gentes ac reges, id. G. 1: Britanniam [[tamdiu]] clausam aperit, Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.: Eoas, id. 4, 352: [[pelagus]], Val. Fl. 1, 169.—<br /> <b>C</b> Transf. to [[mental]] objects, to [[disclose]] [[something]] [[unknown]], to [[unveil]], [[reveal]], [[make]] [[known]], [[unfold]], to [[prove]], [[demonstrate]]; or gen. to [[explain]], [[recount]], etc.: occulta quaedam et [[quasi]] involuta aperiri, Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30: explicanda est [[saepe]] verbis [[mens]] nostra de quāque re [[atque]] involutae rei [[notitia]] definiendo aperienda est, id. Or. 33, 116: alicui scripturas aperire, Vulg. Luc. 24, 32: tua probra aperibo omnia, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis [[argumentum]] fabulae; hi partem aperient, Ter. Ad. prol. 23: non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84: eo praesente conjurationem aperit, Sall. C. 40, 6: naturam et [[mores]], id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4: lux fugam hostium aperuit, Liv. 27, 2: aperiri [[error]] poterat, id. 26, 10: [[casus]] aperire futuros, to [[disclose]] the [[future]], Ov. M. 15, 559: futura aperit, Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to [[reveal]] one's true [[disposition]], [[character]]: tum coacti [[necessario]] se aperiunt, [[show]] [[themselves]] in [[their]] true [[light]], Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: [[studio]] aperimur in ipso, Ov. A. A. 3, 371: exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret, Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. [[with]] acc. and inf., a rel.-[[clause]], or de: cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent, Liv. 44, 28: domino [[navis]], [[quis]] [[sit]], aperit, Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. [[sense]] (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio [[factum]] est, ut volui, et [[maxime]], [[quod]] DCCC. aperuisti, [[you]] promised, i.e. [[that]] it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf. the [[more]] [[definite]] [[expression]]: de Oppio [[bene]] curāsti, [[quod]] ei DCCC. exposuisti, id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; [[hence]], [[open]], [[free]].<br /> <b>A</b> Lit.<br /> <b>1</b> Without [[covering]], [[open]], [[uncovered]] (opp. [[tectus]]): naves apertae, [[without]] [[deck]], Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: [[centum]] tectae naves et [[quinquaginta]] leviores apertae, et saep.; v. [[navis]].—Also, [[without]] [[covering]] or [[defence]], [[unprotected]], [[exposed]]: [[locus]], Caes. B. C. 3, 84.—Poet., of the [[sky]], [[clear]], [[cloudless]]: [[caelo]] [[invectus]] [[aperto]], Verg. A. 1, 155: [[aether]], id. ib. 1, 587: aperta serena prospicere, id. G. 1, 393.—<br /> <b>2</b> Unclosed, [[open]], not [[shut]] (opp. [[clausus]]): Janua cum per se transpectum praebet [[apertum]], [[since]] this affords an [[open]] [[view]] [[through]] it, Lucr. 4, 272: oculi, id. 4, 339: oculorum lumine [[aperto]], id. 4, 1139 et saep.: [[nihil]] tam [[clausum]], [[neque]] tam reconditum, [[quod]] non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20: [[caelum]] [[patens]] [[atque]] [[apertum]], id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693: vidit caelos apertos, Vulg. Marc. 1, 10: [[apertus]] et [[propatulus]] [[locus]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49: [[iter]], Liv. 31, 2: apertior [[aditus]] ad [[moenia]], id. 9, 28: campi, id. 38, 3: per [[apertum]] limitem (viae), Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285: fenestrae, Vulg. Dan. 6, 10: ostia, ib. ib. 13, 39: [[aequor]], Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. —Poet., of a [[battle]]: nec aperti [[copia]] Martis Ulla fuit, an [[action]] in the [[open]] [[field]], Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., [[that]] [[which]] is [[open]], [[free]]; an [[open]], [[clear]] [[space]]: in [[aperto]], Lucr. 3, 604: per [[apertum]] fugientes, Hor. C, 3, 12, 10: impetum ex [[aperto]] facerent, Liv. 35, 5: [[castra]] in [[aperto]] posita, id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4: volantem in [[aperto]], Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22: in aperta prodeunt, id. 8, 32, 50, § 117: disjecit naves in aperta Oceani, Tac. A. 2, 23.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop.<br /> Opp. to [[that]] [[which]] is [[concealed]], [[covered]], [[dark]], [[open]], [[clear]], [[plain]], [[evident]], [[manifest]], [[unobstructed]]: nam [[nihil]] aegrius est [[quam]] res secernere apertas ab dubiis, [[nothing]] is, [[indeed]], [[more]] [[difficult]] [[than]] to [[separate]] things [[that]] are [[evident]] from those [[that]] are [[doubtful]], Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062: cum illum ex occultis insidiis in [[apertum]] [[latrocinium]] conjecimus, Cic. Cat. 2, 1: simultates [[partim]] obscurae, [[partim]] apertae, id. Manil. 24: [[quid]] [[enim]] potest esse tam [[apertum]] tamque perspicuum? id. N. D. 2, 2, 4: [[quid]] rem apertam suspectam facimus? Liv. 41, 24: non [[furtim]], sed vi aperta, id. 25, 24: [[apertus]] animi [[motus]], Quint. 10, 3, 21: [[invidia]] in [[occulto]], [[adulatio]] in [[aperto]], Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of [[clear]], [[intelligible]] [[discourse]]: [[multo]] apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc. ... apertam [[enim]] narrationem tam esse [[oportet]] [[quam]], etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Esp. as subst.: in [[aperto]] esse,<br /> <b>(a)</b> To be [[clear]], [[evident]], [[well]] [[known]], [[notorious]], ἐν τῷ φανερῷ [[εἶναι]]: ad cognoscendum omnia illustria [[magis]] magisque in [[aperto]], Sall. J. 5, 3.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> To be [[easily]] [[practicable]], [[easy]], [[facile]] (the [[figure]] taken from an [[open]] [[field]] or [[space]]): agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in [[aperto]] erat, [[there]] [[was]] a greater [[inclination]] and a [[more]] [[open]] [[way]] to, Tac. Agr. 1: hostes aggredi in [[aperto]] foret, id. H. 3, 56: vota virtusque in [[aperto]] omniaque prona victoribus, id. Agr. 33.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[character]], [[without]] [[dissimulation]], [[open]], [[frank]], [[candid]]: [[animus]] [[apertus]] et [[simplex]], Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57: [[pectus]], id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, [[ironically]]: ut [[semper]] fuit apertissimus, as he has [[always]] been [[very]] [[open]], [[frank]] (for [[impudent]], [[shameless]]), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., [[openly]], [[clearly]], [[plainly]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: tam aperte irridens, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62: ab [[illo]] aperte [[tecte]] [[quicquid]] est datum, [[libenter]] accepi, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67: cum [[Fidenae]] aperte descissent, Liv. 1, 27: aperte [[quod]] venale habet ostendit, Hor. S. 1, 2, 83: aperte revelari, Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27: non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere, Tac. A. 11, 28: aperte adulari, Cic. Am. 26, 99: aperte mentiri, id. Ac. 2, 6, 18: aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte [[immundus]] est, Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.—Comp.: cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit [[paulo]] apertius, Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11: ab his proconsuli [[venenum]] [[inter]] epulas datum est apertius [[quam]] ut fallerent, Tac. A. 13, 1.—Sup.: [[hinc]] empta apertissime [[praetura]], Cic. Verr. 1, 100: equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto, id. Har. Resp. 30: largiri, id. ib. 56: praedari, id. Verr. 1, 130.—<br /><b>II</b> Esp. of [[what]] is [[set]] [[forth]] in words or [[writing]], [[plainly]], [[clearly]], [[freely]], [[without]] [[reserve]]: [[nempe]] [[ergo]] aperte vis quae restant me loqui? Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49: aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3: Non tu [[istuc]] mihi dictura aperte es, [[quicquid]] est? Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3: narrare, id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24: scribere, Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.—Comp.: Planius [[atque]] apertius dicam, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43: distinguere, Quint. 3, 6, 45.—Sup.: istius injurias [[quam]] apertissime [[vobis]] planissimeque explicare, Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156: aliquid apertissime ostendere, Quint. 5, 12, 11. | |lshtext=<b>ăpĕrĭo</b>: ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. (<br /><b>I</b> fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-[[pario]], to [[get]] from, [[take]] [[away]] from, i.e. to [[uncover]], [[like]] the opp. [[operio]], from obpario, to [[get]] for, to [[put]] [[upon]], i. e. to [[cover]]; this is the old [[explanation]], and is [[received]] by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to [[uncover]], [[make]] or [[lay]] [[bare]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: patinas, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16: apertis lateribus, Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26: capite [[aperto]] esse, Varr. ib. p. 236, 25; p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur, Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129: [[caput]] aperuit, id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20: capita, Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60: [[aperto]] pectore, Ov. M. 2, 339; and [[poet]]. transf. to the [[person]]: apertae pectora matres, id. ib. 13, 688: ramum, Verg. A. 6, 406 al.—Trop., to [[make]] [[visible]], to [[show]], [[reveal]], Liv. 22, 6: dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit, id. 26, 17 (cf. [[just]] [[before]]: densa [[nebula]] campos [[circa]] intexit): [[dies]] faciem victoriae, Tac. Agr. 38: lux aperuit [[bellum]] ducemque belli, Liv. 3, 15: novam aciem [[dies]] aperuit, Tac. H. 4, 29: his [[unda]] dehiscens Terram aperit, opens to [[view]], Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the [[intermediate]] [[idea]] of [[making]] [[visible]],<br /><b>II</b> Metaph.<br /> To [[unclose]], [[open]]: [[aperto]] ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: aperite [[aliquis]] [[ostium]], Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35: forem aperi, id. Ad. 2, 1, 13: fores, id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82: januas carceris, Vulg. Act. 5, 19: fenestram, ib. Gen. 8, 6: liquidas vias, to [[open]] the [[liquid]] [[way]], Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884: sucum venis fundere apertis, to [[pour]] [[out]] [[moisture]] from its [[open]] veins, Lucr. 5, 812: saccum, Vulg. Gen. 42, 27: os, ib. ib. 22, 28: [[labia]], ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos, ib. Act. 9, 8: accepi fasciculum, in quo erat [[epistula]] Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi, Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13; 6, 3: aperire librum, Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12: [[testamentum]], Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.: [[testamentum]] resignare, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17: [[sigillum]] aperire, to [[break]], Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.: ferro [[iter]] aperiundum est, Sall. C. 58, 7: locum ... [[asylum]], to [[make]] it an [[asylum]], Liv. 1, 8: subterraneos [[specus]], Tac. G. 16: navigantibus maria, Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122: [[arbor]] florem aperit, id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to [[open]] a [[wall]], in [[order]] to [[put]] a [[door]] or [[window]] in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to [[give]] [[sight]] to ([[after]] the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so, aures aperire, to [[restore]] [[hearing]] to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: nec ita claudenda est res [[familiaris]], ut eam [[benignitas]] aperire non possit, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10: [[multus]] [[apertus]] [[cursus]] ad laudem, id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.: [[tibi]] [[virtus]] tua reditum ad tuos aperuit, id. Fam. 6, 11: philosophiae fontes, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to [[open]] one's eyes, [[make]] him [[discern]] ([[after]] the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so, alicujus cor aperire, ib. ib. 16, 14: [[ventus]] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2: occasionem ad invadendum, id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if [[you]] [[enter]] [[upon]] the [[way]] of [[complaint]]), [[nihil]] aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72: Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): [[quia]] aperuisset gentibus [[ostium]] fidei, Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the [[new]] [[year]], to [[open]] it, i.e. [[begin]]: annum, Verg. G. 1, 217: contigit [[ergo]] privatis aperire annum ([[since]] the [[consul]] entered [[upon]] his [[office]] the [[first]] of January), Plin. [[Pan]]. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a [[school]], to [[establish]], [[set]] up, [[begin]], or [[open]] it: [[Dionysius]] [[tyrannus]] Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse, Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.—Poet.: fuste aperire [[caput]], i.e. to [[cleave]], [[split]] the [[head]], Juv. 9, 98.—<br /> <b>B</b> Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to [[lay]] [[open]] a [[place]], [[people]], etc., i.e. to [[open]] an [[entrance]] to, [[render]] [[accessible]] (cf. [[patefacio]]); [[most]] freq. in the histt., esp. in [[Tacitus]]: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum, Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4: Syriam, Tac. A. 2, 70: omnes terras fortibus viris [[natura]] aperuit, id. H. 4, 64: novas gentes, id. Agr. 22: gentes ac reges, id. G. 1: Britanniam [[tamdiu]] clausam aperit, Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.: Eoas, id. 4, 352: [[pelagus]], Val. Fl. 1, 169.—<br /> <b>C</b> Transf. to [[mental]] objects, to [[disclose]] [[something]] [[unknown]], to [[unveil]], [[reveal]], [[make]] [[known]], [[unfold]], to [[prove]], [[demonstrate]]; or gen. to [[explain]], [[recount]], etc.: occulta quaedam et [[quasi]] involuta aperiri, Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30: explicanda est [[saepe]] verbis [[mens]] nostra de quāque re [[atque]] involutae rei [[notitia]] definiendo aperienda est, id. Or. 33, 116: alicui scripturas aperire, Vulg. Luc. 24, 32: tua probra aperibo omnia, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis [[argumentum]] fabulae; hi partem aperient, Ter. Ad. prol. 23: non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84: eo praesente conjurationem aperit, Sall. C. 40, 6: naturam et [[mores]], id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4: lux fugam hostium aperuit, Liv. 27, 2: aperiri [[error]] poterat, id. 26, 10: [[casus]] aperire futuros, to [[disclose]] the [[future]], Ov. M. 15, 559: futura aperit, Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to [[reveal]] one's true [[disposition]], [[character]]: tum coacti [[necessario]] se aperiunt, [[show]] [[themselves]] in [[their]] true [[light]], Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: [[studio]] aperimur in ipso, Ov. A. A. 3, 371: exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret, Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. [[with]] acc. and inf., a rel.-[[clause]], or de: cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent, Liv. 44, 28: domino [[navis]], [[quis]] [[sit]], aperit, Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. [[sense]] (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio [[factum]] est, ut volui, et [[maxime]], [[quod]] DCCC. aperuisti, [[you]] promised, i.e. [[that]] it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf. the [[more]] [[definite]] [[expression]]: de Oppio [[bene]] curāsti, [[quod]] ei DCCC. exposuisti, id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; [[hence]], [[open]], [[free]].<br /> <b>A</b> Lit.<br /> <b>1</b> Without [[covering]], [[open]], [[uncovered]] (opp. [[tectus]]): naves apertae, [[without]] [[deck]], Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: [[centum]] tectae naves et [[quinquaginta]] leviores apertae, et saep.; v. [[navis]].—Also, [[without]] [[covering]] or [[defence]], [[unprotected]], [[exposed]]: [[locus]], Caes. B. C. 3, 84.—Poet., of the [[sky]], [[clear]], [[cloudless]]: [[caelo]] [[invectus]] [[aperto]], Verg. A. 1, 155: [[aether]], id. ib. 1, 587: aperta serena prospicere, id. G. 1, 393.—<br /> <b>2</b> Unclosed, [[open]], not [[shut]] (opp. [[clausus]]): Janua cum per se transpectum praebet [[apertum]], [[since]] this affords an [[open]] [[view]] [[through]] it, Lucr. 4, 272: oculi, id. 4, 339: oculorum lumine [[aperto]], id. 4, 1139 et saep.: [[nihil]] tam [[clausum]], [[neque]] tam reconditum, [[quod]] non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20: [[caelum]] [[patens]] [[atque]] [[apertum]], id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693: vidit caelos apertos, Vulg. Marc. 1, 10: [[apertus]] et [[propatulus]] [[locus]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49: [[iter]], Liv. 31, 2: apertior [[aditus]] ad [[moenia]], id. 9, 28: campi, id. 38, 3: per [[apertum]] limitem (viae), Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285: fenestrae, Vulg. Dan. 6, 10: ostia, ib. ib. 13, 39: [[aequor]], Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. —Poet., of a [[battle]]: nec aperti [[copia]] Martis Ulla fuit, an [[action]] in the [[open]] [[field]], Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., [[that]] [[which]] is [[open]], [[free]]; an [[open]], [[clear]] [[space]]: in [[aperto]], Lucr. 3, 604: per [[apertum]] fugientes, Hor. C, 3, 12, 10: impetum ex [[aperto]] facerent, Liv. 35, 5: [[castra]] in [[aperto]] posita, id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4: volantem in [[aperto]], Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22: in aperta prodeunt, id. 8, 32, 50, § 117: disjecit naves in aperta Oceani, Tac. A. 2, 23.—<br /> <b>B</b> Trop.<br /> Opp. to [[that]] [[which]] is [[concealed]], [[covered]], [[dark]], [[open]], [[clear]], [[plain]], [[evident]], [[manifest]], [[unobstructed]]: nam [[nihil]] aegrius est [[quam]] res secernere apertas ab dubiis, [[nothing]] is, [[indeed]], [[more]] [[difficult]] [[than]] to [[separate]] things [[that]] are [[evident]] from those [[that]] are [[doubtful]], Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062: cum illum ex occultis insidiis in [[apertum]] [[latrocinium]] conjecimus, Cic. Cat. 2, 1: simultates [[partim]] obscurae, [[partim]] apertae, id. Manil. 24: [[quid]] [[enim]] potest esse tam [[apertum]] tamque perspicuum? id. N. D. 2, 2, 4: [[quid]] rem apertam suspectam facimus? Liv. 41, 24: non [[furtim]], sed vi aperta, id. 25, 24: [[apertus]] animi [[motus]], Quint. 10, 3, 21: [[invidia]] in [[occulto]], [[adulatio]] in [[aperto]], Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of [[clear]], [[intelligible]] [[discourse]]: [[multo]] apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc. ... apertam [[enim]] narrationem tam esse [[oportet]] [[quam]], etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Esp. as subst.: in [[aperto]] esse,<br /> <b>(a)</b> To be [[clear]], [[evident]], [[well]] [[known]], [[notorious]], ἐν τῷ φανερῷ [[εἶναι]]: ad cognoscendum omnia illustria [[magis]] magisque in [[aperto]], Sall. J. 5, 3.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> To be [[easily]] [[practicable]], [[easy]], [[facile]] (the [[figure]] taken from an [[open]] [[field]] or [[space]]): agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in [[aperto]] erat, [[there]] [[was]] a greater [[inclination]] and a [[more]] [[open]] [[way]] to, Tac. Agr. 1: hostes aggredi in [[aperto]] foret, id. H. 3, 56: vota virtusque in [[aperto]] omniaque prona victoribus, id. Agr. 33.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[character]], [[without]] [[dissimulation]], [[open]], [[frank]], [[candid]]: [[animus]] [[apertus]] et [[simplex]], Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57: [[pectus]], id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, [[ironically]]: ut [[semper]] fuit apertissimus, as he has [[always]] been [[very]] [[open]], [[frank]] (for [[impudent]], [[shameless]]), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., [[openly]], [[clearly]], [[plainly]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: tam aperte irridens, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62: ab [[illo]] aperte [[tecte]] [[quicquid]] est datum, [[libenter]] accepi, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67: cum [[Fidenae]] aperte descissent, Liv. 1, 27: aperte [[quod]] venale habet ostendit, Hor. S. 1, 2, 83: aperte revelari, Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27: non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere, Tac. A. 11, 28: aperte adulari, Cic. Am. 26, 99: aperte mentiri, id. Ac. 2, 6, 18: aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte [[immundus]] est, Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.—Comp.: cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit [[paulo]] apertius, Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11: ab his proconsuli [[venenum]] [[inter]] epulas datum est apertius [[quam]] ut fallerent, Tac. A. 13, 1.—Sup.: [[hinc]] empta apertissime [[praetura]], Cic. Verr. 1, 100: equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto, id. Har. Resp. 30: largiri, id. ib. 56: praedari, id. Verr. 1, 130.—<br /><b>II</b> Esp. of [[what]] is [[set]] [[forth]] in words or [[writing]], [[plainly]], [[clearly]], [[freely]], [[without]] [[reserve]]: [[nempe]] [[ergo]] aperte vis quae restant me loqui? Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49: aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3: Non tu [[istuc]] mihi dictura aperte es, [[quicquid]] est? Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3: narrare, id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24: scribere, Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.—Comp.: Planius [[atque]] apertius dicam, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43: distinguere, Quint. 3, 6, 45.—Sup.: istius injurias [[quam]] apertissime [[vobis]] planissimeque explicare, Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156: aliquid apertissime ostendere, Quint. 5, 12, 11. | ||
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|georg=a-[[perio]], peruī, pertum, īre (aus *ap-verio, vgl. litauisch àt-veriu, ›öffne, mache [[auf]]‹, altind. apavrnōti, ›deckt [[auf]], öffnet‹), zum [[Vorschein]] [[bringen]], [[bloß]]-, [[offen]] [[machen]] (Ggstz. operire), I) Verdecktes, Verhülltes [[sichtbar]] [[machen]], [[sehen]] [[lassen]], [[aufdecken]], [[entblößen]], bloßlegen (Ggstz. operire, tegere, contegere), a) eig.: aperit ramum, [[qui]] veste latebat, Verg.: [[unda]] dehiscens aperit terram, läßt den [[Grund]] [[sehen]], Verg. – Körperteile, [[durch]] [[Enthüllung]], corporis partes quasdam, Cic.: [[caput]] ([[auch]] [[als]] Höflichkeitsbezeigung [[gegen]] höhere Magistrate), Cic. u.a.: u. [[caput]] alci ([[vor]] jmd.), Sall. fr.: u. capita aspectu magistratuum, Plin.: [[aperto]] pectore, Ov.: apertae pectora matres, die [[Brust]] entblößt, Ov. – [[durch]] [[Nebel]], [[Nacht]] usw. Verhülltes, dispulsa sole [[nebula]] aperuit diem, Liv.: liquidior [[lux]] aperit hostem, Curt. – u. so refl. se aperire u. medial aperiri, [[sichtbar]] [[werden]], [[sich]] [[sehen]] [[lassen]], zum [[Vorschein]] [[kommen]], v. Gestirnen, v. Örtl., die [[uns]] [[näher]] [[treten]] u. dgl. (Ggstz. delitescere, occultari), Cic. – b) übtr., gleichs. Verhülltes, Verborgenes, Unbekanntes an das [[Licht]] [[bringen]], -[[ziehen]], an den [[Tag]] [[geben]], -[[bringen]], [[offenbaren]], [[enthüllen]] (dah. [[auch]] [[verraten]]), [[eröffnen]], [[darlegen]] (Ggstz. occulere, occultare, tegere), α) m. Acc.: [[istaec]] tua flagitia, Plaut.: occulta quaedam et [[quasi]] involuta, Cic.: involutae [[rei]] notitiam definiendo, Cic.: sententiam suam, Cic.: dissidentes suos [[sensus]], Nep.: frontes hominum (Ggstz. tegere mentes), Cic.: errorem, Liv.: causam consilii [[sui]], Sall.: [[consilium]] suum, Sall.: coniurationem, Sall.: rem omnem, Sall.: [[omnia]], Liv.: futura, Verg.: [[casus]] futuros, Ov.: utriusque naturam et [[mores]], Sall.: socios sceleris, Sall.: [[lux]] [[deinde]] aperuit [[bellum]] ducemque belli, gab [[Aufschluß]] [[über]] usw., Liv.: [[quo]] pacto [[hoc]] occipiam (accipiam!), aperi, *Plaut. mil. 1025 Br. – refl. se aperire u. medial aperiri, v. Pers., [[sich]] (seine wahre [[Gesinnung]]) [[offenbaren]] u. [[sich]] ([[wer]] [[man]] ist) [[verraten]], coacti [[necessario]] se aperiunt, [[zeigen]] [[sich]] in ihrem [[wahren]] Lichte, Ter.: tum sumus incauti studioque aperimur in ipso, Ov. – u. ap. alqm, jmd. [[aufspüren]], [[nec]] [[uspiam]] ruris aperitur [[ille]], Apul. [[met]]. 7, 26. – v. Lebl., exspectandum (putabant), [[dum]] se ipsa [[res]] aperiret, an den [[Tag]] käme, Nep. Paus. 3, 7. – β) m. de u. Abl.: [[deinceps]] de insinuatione aperiendum est, Cornif. rhet. 1, 9; vgl. ibid. 2, 50. – γ) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin.: se [[non]] fortunae, [[sed]] hominibus solere [[esse]] amicum, Nep. – v. Lebl., cum et [[concitatio]] remorum directaeque in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent, Liv. – δ) m. folg. [[indirekt]]. Fragesatz: [[aperio]], [[qui]] sim, Nep.; vgl. [[memet]] [[ipse]] [[aperio]], [[quis]] sim, Liv.: [[aperio]], [[quid]] sentiam, Nep.<br />'''II)''' Verschlossenes, Besetztes [[sichtbar]] u. [[offen]] u. dah. [[auch]] [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], [[öffnen]], [[eröffnen]], er [[schließen]], [[aufmachen]], [[aufbrechen]] (Ggstz. operire, claudere), a) eig.: α) [[durch]] Wegziehen eines Vorhangs, [[einer]] Verhüllung, [[Decke]], [[ostium]], [[fores]], Ter. u.a. (u. im Bilde quā commendatione [[quasi]] amicitiae [[fores]] aperiuntur, Cic.): ianuam, Ov. (vgl. [[unten]] no. δ, αα): portam, Caes.: domum, Catull.: tabernas, Liv.: fenestram, Cels. (u. im Bilde hanc fenestram, diesen [[Weg]] [[einschlagen]], Suet.): [[aerarium]], Caes. (u. im Bilde [[nec]] [[ita]] claudenda est [[res]] [[familiaris]], ut [[eam]] [[benignitas]] aperire [[non]] possit, Cic.): carceres (in der [[Rennbahn]]), Varr.: eas arcas (Särge), Liv.: [[sepulcrum]], Curt.: patinas, Plaut.: [[vas]], [[Cato]]: florem, v. Gewächsen, Plin.: os ([[Mund]]), Scrib.: [[fauces]], Quint.: oculos, pupulas, Cic.: u. (sprichw.) alci oculos aperire, ut [[volgo]] dicitur, M. Caes. b. [[Fronto]] ad M. Caes. ep. 3, 18. p. 56, 13 N.: apertas aures praebe ad [[nomen]] memoriamque filii tui, Sen. ad Marc. 5, 2. – refl., se aperire, [[sich]] [[öffnen]], [[aufgehen]], in templo Herculis [[valvae]] clausae repagulis [[subito]] se ipsae aperuerunt, Cic.: patris sepulchrum diruptis ianuis se aperuit, Vopisc.: [[flos]] [[numquam]] se aperit [[nisi]] [[vento]] spirante, Plin. – β) [[durch]] [[Abnahme]] eines Bandes, Siegels usw. [[öffnen]], [[erbrechen]], fasciculum litterarum, epistulam, litteras, Cic.: [[testamentum]], Suet. – γ) [[durch]] [[Hauen]], [[Schneiden]], [[Graben]], Stechen, Brennen usw. etw. [[öffnen]], bloßlegen, αα) in [[etwas]] eine [[Öffnung]] [[machen]], parietem, [[durchbrechen]], ICt.: murum ab [[imo]] ad [[summum]] crebris cubitalibus [[fere]] cavis, Liv. – [[bes]]. [[als]] mediz. t. t., sowohl v. Arzte, cutem, Cels.: cutem latius, Cels.: [[vulnus]] latius, Cels.: pustulas acu, Cels.: locum candenti ferro, Cels. – [[als]] v. Heilmitteln, omnes vomicas celerius, Scrib.: strumas, Scrib. – u. [[Passiv]] aperiri medial = [[sich]] [[öffnen]], [[aufgehen]], v. Geschwüren usw., [[donec]] ea suppurent et per se aperiantur, Cels.: [[ubi]] [[vel]] per se [[vel]] per medicamenta [[vel]] [[etiam]] ferro aperta est [[suppuratio]], Cels. – ββ) eine [[Örtlichkeit]] [[öffnen]], [[eröffnen]] = [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], saltum caedendo, Curt.: u. bl. saltum, Liv. – δ) prägn.: αα) [[eröffnen]], = eine [[Öffnung]], [[einen]] [[Durchgang]], eine [[Mündung]] usw. [[bilden]], sowohl [[durch]] [[Graben]], [[aufgraben]], [[graben]], bloßlegen, locum, Cic.: fundamenta templi, Liv.: cavernas, Ov.: viam rectam in [[cuniculum]], Liv.: ianuam in [[publico]], [[nach]] der [[Straße]] zu [[durchbrechen]], ICt.: [[puteum]], [[graben]], ICt. – [[als]] [[auch]] [[durch]] [[andere]] [[Mittel]], [[iter]] ferro, [[mit]] dem Schwerte [[einen]] [[Weg]] [[durch]] die [[Reihen]] der Feinde, Sall. (u. im Bilde ap. viam potentiae, Vell.). – v. Lebl., [[ventus]] aperuit incendio viam, Liv.: [[mare]] [[quoque]] [[novum]] in Pamphyliam [[iter]] aperuerat, Curt.: aperit os aliud [[amnis]], Curt. – ββ) [[eröffnen]] = [[einen]] [[Ausgang]], [[Ausfluß]] [[verschaffen]], [[fließen]] [[machen]], fontium [[lacus]], Varr. fr.: fontes maximos, [[penitus]] absconditos, Cornif. rhet. (u. im Bilde fontes philosophiae, eloquentiae, Cic. u. Quint.): novas venas (aquarum), ICt. – u. [[als]] mediz. t. t., cataplasmatibus efficere, ut per se [[pus]] aperiatur, Cels. – b) übtr.: α) gleichs. Verschlossenes, Unzugängliches [[eröffnen]], [[erschließen]], [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], αα) [[bisher]] unzugängliche Länder, Völker usw. dem [[Zutritt]], dem [[Verkehr]], der [[Eroberung]] usw., Pontum, Cic.: Britanniam [[tam]] [[diu]] clausam [[Mela]]; vgl. [[quod]] pace [[omnis]] [[Italia]] erat aperta, dem [[freien]] [[Verkehr]] geöffnet war, Liv.: u. [[ver]] aperit navigantibus maria, Plin. – incognitum famae orbem terrarum armis, Liv.: reges et gentes, Tac.: Asiam regi, Curt.: [[mors]] alcis aperit Syriam, die sichere [[Rückkehr]] [[nach]] S., Tac. – ββ) [[bisher]] [[nicht]] erreichbare Zustände usw., toreuticen, [[anbahnen]], Plin.: alci pristinae vitae consuetudinem interclusam, Cic.: alci [[reditum]] ad suos, Cic. – occasionem, Liv.: occasionem ad invadendum (v. einem Umstande), Liv.: insidiantibus casum, eine [[Gelegenheit]], eine [[Blöße]] [[geben]], Tac.: u. [[ebenso]] locum suspicioni [[aut]] crimini, Cic. – γγ) eine gleichs. [[bisher]] verschlossene [[Zeit]] [[eröffnen]], ap. annum, das Jahreröffnen, [[erschließen]], poet. v. Sternbilde [[Stier]] ([[weil]] beim [[Eintritt]] der [[Sonne]] in den [[Stier]] [[für]] den [[Landmann]] das neue [[Jahr]] begann), Verg. georg. 1, 217; u. zur [[Kaiserzeit]] [[von]] denen, die zur [[Benennung]] [[des]] Jahres das [[Konsulat]] [[für]] den ersten Januar übernahmen, Plin. pan. 58, 4. Stat. silv. 4, 1, 2. – alci vacuos honoris menses, jmdm. freie Monate der [[Ehre]] [[eröffnen]], d.i. [[für]] jmd. M. [[offen]] [[machen]], in denen er [[als]] [[Konsul]] [[eintreten]] kann, Tac. ann. 2, 72. – β) eine [[Anstalt]] [[eröffnen]], d.i. allgemeiner Benutzung [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], ludum (eine [[Schule]]), Cic.: u. so ludum dicendi, Suet.: scholam, Suet.: u. locum... [[asylum]] ([[einen]] [[Ort]] [[als]] As.), Liv. – γ) eine [[Geldsumme]] jmdm. eroffnen = jmdm. zur [[freien]] [[Verfügung]] [[stellen]], [[quod]] DCCC (800000 Sesterze) aperuisti, Cic. ad Att. 5, 1, 2. – / Archaist. Imperf. aperibat, Ven. [[Fort]]. 5, 5, 100: [[Fut]]. [[aperibo]], Plaut. truc. 763 ([[aber]] Pompon. com. 173 liest Ribbeck [[nach]] Fleckeisens [[Vermutung]] a peribo). | |georg=a-[[perio]], peruī, pertum, īre (aus *ap-verio, vgl. litauisch àt-veriu, ›öffne, mache [[auf]]‹, altind. apavrnōti, ›deckt [[auf]], öffnet‹), zum [[Vorschein]] [[bringen]], [[bloß]]-, [[offen]] [[machen]] (Ggstz. operire), I) Verdecktes, Verhülltes [[sichtbar]] [[machen]], [[sehen]] [[lassen]], [[aufdecken]], [[entblößen]], bloßlegen (Ggstz. operire, tegere, contegere), a) eig.: aperit ramum, [[qui]] veste latebat, Verg.: [[unda]] dehiscens aperit terram, läßt den [[Grund]] [[sehen]], Verg. – Körperteile, [[durch]] [[Enthüllung]], corporis partes quasdam, Cic.: [[caput]] ([[auch]] [[als]] Höflichkeitsbezeigung [[gegen]] höhere Magistrate), Cic. u.a.: u. [[caput]] alci ([[vor]] jmd.), Sall. fr.: u. capita aspectu magistratuum, Plin.: [[aperto]] pectore, Ov.: apertae pectora matres, die [[Brust]] entblößt, Ov. – [[durch]] [[Nebel]], [[Nacht]] usw. Verhülltes, dispulsa sole [[nebula]] aperuit diem, Liv.: liquidior [[lux]] aperit hostem, Curt. – u. so refl. se aperire u. medial aperiri, [[sichtbar]] [[werden]], [[sich]] [[sehen]] [[lassen]], zum [[Vorschein]] [[kommen]], v. Gestirnen, v. Örtl., die [[uns]] [[näher]] [[treten]] u. dgl. (Ggstz. delitescere, occultari), Cic. – b) übtr., gleichs. Verhülltes, Verborgenes, Unbekanntes an das [[Licht]] [[bringen]], -[[ziehen]], an den [[Tag]] [[geben]], -[[bringen]], [[offenbaren]], [[enthüllen]] (dah. [[auch]] [[verraten]]), [[eröffnen]], [[darlegen]] (Ggstz. occulere, occultare, tegere), α) m. Acc.: [[istaec]] tua flagitia, Plaut.: occulta quaedam et [[quasi]] involuta, Cic.: involutae [[rei]] notitiam definiendo, Cic.: sententiam suam, Cic.: dissidentes suos [[sensus]], Nep.: frontes hominum (Ggstz. tegere mentes), Cic.: errorem, Liv.: causam consilii [[sui]], Sall.: [[consilium]] suum, Sall.: coniurationem, Sall.: rem omnem, Sall.: [[omnia]], Liv.: futura, Verg.: [[casus]] futuros, Ov.: utriusque naturam et [[mores]], Sall.: socios sceleris, Sall.: [[lux]] [[deinde]] aperuit [[bellum]] ducemque belli, gab [[Aufschluß]] [[über]] usw., Liv.: [[quo]] pacto [[hoc]] occipiam (accipiam!), aperi, *Plaut. mil. 1025 Br. – refl. se aperire u. medial aperiri, v. Pers., [[sich]] (seine wahre [[Gesinnung]]) [[offenbaren]] u. [[sich]] ([[wer]] [[man]] ist) [[verraten]], coacti [[necessario]] se aperiunt, [[zeigen]] [[sich]] in ihrem [[wahren]] Lichte, Ter.: tum sumus incauti studioque aperimur in ipso, Ov. – u. ap. alqm, jmd. [[aufspüren]], [[nec]] [[uspiam]] ruris aperitur [[ille]], Apul. [[met]]. 7, 26. – v. Lebl., exspectandum (putabant), [[dum]] se ipsa [[res]] aperiret, an den [[Tag]] käme, Nep. Paus. 3, 7. – β) m. de u. Abl.: [[deinceps]] de insinuatione aperiendum est, Cornif. rhet. 1, 9; vgl. ibid. 2, 50. – γ) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin.: se [[non]] fortunae, [[sed]] hominibus solere [[esse]] amicum, Nep. – v. Lebl., cum et [[concitatio]] remorum directaeque in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent, Liv. – δ) m. folg. [[indirekt]]. Fragesatz: [[aperio]], [[qui]] sim, Nep.; vgl. [[memet]] [[ipse]] [[aperio]], [[quis]] sim, Liv.: [[aperio]], [[quid]] sentiam, Nep.<br />'''II)''' Verschlossenes, Besetztes [[sichtbar]] u. [[offen]] u. dah. [[auch]] [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], [[öffnen]], [[eröffnen]], er [[schließen]], [[aufmachen]], [[aufbrechen]] (Ggstz. operire, claudere), a) eig.: α) [[durch]] Wegziehen eines Vorhangs, [[einer]] Verhüllung, [[Decke]], [[ostium]], [[fores]], Ter. u.a. (u. im Bilde quā commendatione [[quasi]] amicitiae [[fores]] aperiuntur, Cic.): ianuam, Ov. (vgl. [[unten]] no. δ, αα): portam, Caes.: domum, Catull.: tabernas, Liv.: fenestram, Cels. (u. im Bilde hanc fenestram, diesen [[Weg]] [[einschlagen]], Suet.): [[aerarium]], Caes. (u. im Bilde [[nec]] [[ita]] claudenda est [[res]] [[familiaris]], ut [[eam]] [[benignitas]] aperire [[non]] possit, Cic.): carceres (in der [[Rennbahn]]), Varr.: eas arcas (Särge), Liv.: [[sepulcrum]], Curt.: patinas, Plaut.: [[vas]], [[Cato]]: florem, v. Gewächsen, Plin.: os ([[Mund]]), Scrib.: [[fauces]], Quint.: oculos, pupulas, Cic.: u. (sprichw.) alci oculos aperire, ut [[volgo]] dicitur, M. Caes. b. [[Fronto]] ad M. Caes. ep. 3, 18. p. 56, 13 N.: apertas aures praebe ad [[nomen]] memoriamque filii tui, Sen. ad Marc. 5, 2. – refl., se aperire, [[sich]] [[öffnen]], [[aufgehen]], in templo Herculis [[valvae]] clausae repagulis [[subito]] se ipsae aperuerunt, Cic.: patris sepulchrum diruptis ianuis se aperuit, Vopisc.: [[flos]] [[numquam]] se aperit [[nisi]] [[vento]] spirante, Plin. – β) [[durch]] [[Abnahme]] eines Bandes, Siegels usw. [[öffnen]], [[erbrechen]], fasciculum litterarum, epistulam, litteras, Cic.: [[testamentum]], Suet. – γ) [[durch]] [[Hauen]], [[Schneiden]], [[Graben]], Stechen, Brennen usw. etw. [[öffnen]], bloßlegen, αα) in [[etwas]] eine [[Öffnung]] [[machen]], parietem, [[durchbrechen]], ICt.: murum ab [[imo]] ad [[summum]] crebris cubitalibus [[fere]] cavis, Liv. – [[bes]]. [[als]] mediz. t. t., sowohl v. Arzte, cutem, Cels.: cutem latius, Cels.: [[vulnus]] latius, Cels.: pustulas acu, Cels.: locum candenti ferro, Cels. – [[als]] v. Heilmitteln, omnes vomicas celerius, Scrib.: strumas, Scrib. – u. [[Passiv]] aperiri medial = [[sich]] [[öffnen]], [[aufgehen]], v. Geschwüren usw., [[donec]] ea suppurent et per se aperiantur, Cels.: [[ubi]] [[vel]] per se [[vel]] per medicamenta [[vel]] [[etiam]] ferro aperta est [[suppuratio]], Cels. – ββ) eine [[Örtlichkeit]] [[öffnen]], [[eröffnen]] = [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], saltum caedendo, Curt.: u. bl. saltum, Liv. – δ) prägn.: αα) [[eröffnen]], = eine [[Öffnung]], [[einen]] [[Durchgang]], eine [[Mündung]] usw. [[bilden]], sowohl [[durch]] [[Graben]], [[aufgraben]], [[graben]], bloßlegen, locum, Cic.: fundamenta templi, Liv.: cavernas, Ov.: viam rectam in [[cuniculum]], Liv.: ianuam in [[publico]], [[nach]] der [[Straße]] zu [[durchbrechen]], ICt.: [[puteum]], [[graben]], ICt. – [[als]] [[auch]] [[durch]] [[andere]] [[Mittel]], [[iter]] ferro, [[mit]] dem Schwerte [[einen]] [[Weg]] [[durch]] die [[Reihen]] der Feinde, Sall. (u. im Bilde ap. viam potentiae, Vell.). – v. Lebl., [[ventus]] aperuit incendio viam, Liv.: [[mare]] [[quoque]] [[novum]] in Pamphyliam [[iter]] aperuerat, Curt.: aperit os aliud [[amnis]], Curt. – ββ) [[eröffnen]] = [[einen]] [[Ausgang]], [[Ausfluß]] [[verschaffen]], [[fließen]] [[machen]], fontium [[lacus]], Varr. fr.: fontes maximos, [[penitus]] absconditos, Cornif. rhet. (u. im Bilde fontes philosophiae, eloquentiae, Cic. u. Quint.): novas venas (aquarum), ICt. – u. [[als]] mediz. t. t., cataplasmatibus efficere, ut per se [[pus]] aperiatur, Cels. – b) übtr.: α) gleichs. Verschlossenes, Unzugängliches [[eröffnen]], [[erschließen]], [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], αα) [[bisher]] unzugängliche Länder, Völker usw. dem [[Zutritt]], dem [[Verkehr]], der [[Eroberung]] usw., Pontum, Cic.: Britanniam [[tam]] [[diu]] clausam [[Mela]]; vgl. [[quod]] pace [[omnis]] [[Italia]] erat aperta, dem [[freien]] [[Verkehr]] geöffnet war, Liv.: u. [[ver]] aperit navigantibus maria, Plin. – incognitum famae orbem terrarum armis, Liv.: reges et gentes, Tac.: Asiam regi, Curt.: [[mors]] alcis aperit Syriam, die sichere [[Rückkehr]] [[nach]] S., Tac. – ββ) [[bisher]] [[nicht]] erreichbare Zustände usw., toreuticen, [[anbahnen]], Plin.: alci pristinae vitae consuetudinem interclusam, Cic.: alci [[reditum]] ad suos, Cic. – occasionem, Liv.: occasionem ad invadendum (v. einem Umstande), Liv.: insidiantibus casum, eine [[Gelegenheit]], eine [[Blöße]] [[geben]], Tac.: u. [[ebenso]] locum suspicioni [[aut]] crimini, Cic. – γγ) eine gleichs. [[bisher]] verschlossene [[Zeit]] [[eröffnen]], ap. annum, das Jahreröffnen, [[erschließen]], poet. v. Sternbilde [[Stier]] ([[weil]] beim [[Eintritt]] der [[Sonne]] in den [[Stier]] [[für]] den [[Landmann]] das neue [[Jahr]] begann), Verg. georg. 1, 217; u. zur [[Kaiserzeit]] [[von]] denen, die zur [[Benennung]] [[des]] Jahres das [[Konsulat]] [[für]] den ersten Januar übernahmen, Plin. pan. 58, 4. Stat. silv. 4, 1, 2. – alci vacuos honoris menses, jmdm. freie Monate der [[Ehre]] [[eröffnen]], d.i. [[für]] jmd. M. [[offen]] [[machen]], in denen er [[als]] [[Konsul]] [[eintreten]] kann, Tac. ann. 2, 72. – β) eine [[Anstalt]] [[eröffnen]], d.i. allgemeiner Benutzung [[zugänglich]] [[machen]], ludum (eine [[Schule]]), Cic.: u. so ludum dicendi, Suet.: scholam, Suet.: u. locum... [[asylum]] ([[einen]] [[Ort]] [[als]] As.), Liv. – γ) eine [[Geldsumme]] jmdm. eroffnen = jmdm. zur [[freien]] [[Verfügung]] [[stellen]], [[quod]] DCCC (800000 Sesterze) aperuisti, Cic. ad Att. 5, 1, 2. – / Archaist. Imperf. aperibat, Ven. [[Fort]]. 5, 5, 100: [[Fut]]. [[aperibo]], Plaut. truc. 763 ([[aber]] Pompon. com. 173 liest Ribbeck [[nach]] Fleckeisens [[Vermutung]] a peribo). | ||
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{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=aperio, is, ui, ertum, ire. 4. :: 開。解。 釋。顯。— caput 摘帽。免冠。 | |||
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Latest revision as of 16:20, 12 June 2024
Latin > English
aperio aperire, aperui, apertus V TRANS :: uncover, open, disclose; explain, recount; reveal; found; excavate; spread out
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
ăpĕrĭo: ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. (
I fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
I Lit.: patinas, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16: apertis lateribus, Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26: capite aperto esse, Varr. ib. p. 236, 25; p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur, Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129: caput aperuit, id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20: capita, Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60: aperto pectore, Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person: apertae pectora matres, id. ib. 13, 688: ramum, Verg. A. 6, 406 al.—Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6: dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit, id. 26, 17 (cf. just before: densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae, Tac. Agr. 38: lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli, Liv. 3, 15: novam aciem dies aperuit, Tac. H. 4, 29: his unda dehiscens Terram aperit, opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
II Metaph.
To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: aperite aliquis ostium, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35: forem aperi, id. Ad. 2, 1, 13: fores, id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82: januas carceris, Vulg. Act. 5, 19: fenestram, ib. Gen. 8, 6: liquidas vias, to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884: sucum venis fundere apertis, to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812: saccum, Vulg. Gen. 42, 27: os, ib. ib. 22, 28: labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos, ib. Act. 9, 8: accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi, Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13; 6, 3: aperire librum, Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12: testamentum, Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.: testamentum resignare, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17: sigillum aperire, to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.: ferro iter aperiundum est, Sall. C. 58, 7: locum ... asylum, to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8: subterraneos specus, Tac. G. 16: navigantibus maria, Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122: arbor florem aperit, id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so, aures aperire, to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
2 Trop.: nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10: multus apertus cursus ad laudem, id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.: tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit, id. Fam. 6, 11: philosophiae fontes, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so, alicujus cor aperire, ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2: occasionem ad invadendum, id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72: Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei, Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin: annum, Verg. G. 1, 217: contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January), Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it: Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse, Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.—Poet.: fuste aperire caput, i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
B Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio); most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum, Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4: Syriam, Tac. A. 2, 70: omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit, id. H. 4, 64: novas gentes, id. Agr. 22: gentes ac reges, id. G. 1: Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit, Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.: Eoas, id. 4, 352: pelagus, Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
C Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.: occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri, Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30: explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est, id. Or. 33, 116: alicui scripturas aperire, Vulg. Luc. 24, 32: tua probra aperibo omnia, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae; hi partem aperient, Ter. Ad. prol. 23: non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84: eo praesente conjurationem aperit, Sall. C. 40, 6: naturam et mores, id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4: lux fugam hostium aperuit, Liv. 27, 2: aperiri error poterat, id. 26, 10: casus aperire futuros, to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559: futura aperit, Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character: tum coacti necessario se aperiunt, show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: studio aperimur in ipso, Ov. A. A. 3, 371: exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret, Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de: cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent, Liv. 44, 28: domino navis, quis sit, aperit, Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf. the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti, id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
A Lit.
1 Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus): naves apertae, without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed: locus, Caes. B. C. 3, 84.—Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless: caelo invectus aperto, Verg. A. 1, 155: aether, id. ib. 1, 587: aperta serena prospicere, id. G. 1, 393.—
2 Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus): Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum, since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272: oculi, id. 4, 339: oculorum lumine aperto, id. 4, 1139 et saep.: nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20: caelum patens atque apertum, id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693: vidit caelos apertos, Vulg. Marc. 1, 10: apertus et propatulus locus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49: iter, Liv. 31, 2: apertior aditus ad moenia, id. 9, 28: campi, id. 38, 3: per apertum limitem (viae), Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285: fenestrae, Vulg. Dan. 6, 10: ostia, ib. ib. 13, 39: aequor, Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. —Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space: in aperto, Lucr. 3, 604: per apertum fugientes, Hor. C, 3, 12, 10: impetum ex aperto facerent, Liv. 35, 5: castra in aperto posita, id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4: volantem in aperto, Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22: in aperta prodeunt, id. 8, 32, 50, § 117: disjecit naves in aperta Oceani, Tac. A. 2, 23.—
B Trop.
Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed: nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis, nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062: cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus, Cic. Cat. 2, 1: simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae, id. Manil. 24: quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum? id. N. D. 2, 2, 4: quid rem apertam suspectam facimus? Liv. 41, 24: non furtim, sed vi aperta, id. 25, 24: apertus animi motus, Quint. 10, 3, 21: invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto, Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse: multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc. ... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
b Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
(a) To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, ἐν τῷ φανερῷ εἶναι: ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto, Sall. J. 5, 3.—
(b) To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space): agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat, there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1: hostes aggredi in aperto foret, id. H. 3, 56: vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus, id. Agr. 33.—
2 Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid: animus apertus et simplex, Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57: pectus, id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
I In gen.: tam aperte irridens, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62: ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67: cum Fidenae aperte descissent, Liv. 1, 27: aperte quod venale habet ostendit, Hor. S. 1, 2, 83: aperte revelari, Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27: non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere, Tac. A. 11, 28: aperte adulari, Cic. Am. 26, 99: aperte mentiri, id. Ac. 2, 6, 18: aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est, Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.—Comp.: cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius, Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11: ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent, Tac. A. 13, 1.—Sup.: hinc empta apertissime praetura, Cic. Verr. 1, 100: equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto, id. Har. Resp. 30: largiri, id. ib. 56: praedari, id. Verr. 1, 130.—
II Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve: nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui? Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49: aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3: Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est? Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3: narrare, id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24: scribere, Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.—Comp.: Planius atque apertius dicam, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43: distinguere, Quint. 3, 6, 45.—Sup.: istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare, Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156: aliquid apertissime ostendere, Quint. 5, 12, 11.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
ăpĕrĭō,⁸ pĕrŭī, pertum, īre, tr.,
1 ouvrir, découvrir : alicui portas Cic. Phil. 3, 32, ouvrir à qqn les portes de la ville ; litteras Cic. Cat. 3, 7 ; oculos Cic. Mil. 85, ouvrir une lettre, les yeux ; caput, partes corporis Cic. Phil. 2, 77 ; Off. 1, 129, découvrir sa tête, des parties du corps || vomicam Cic. Nat. 3, 70 ; corpora hominum Cic. Ac. 2, 122, ouvrir un abcès, le corps humain || [réfléchi et pass. moyen] : valvæ se ipsæ aperuerunt Cic. Div. 1, 74, les portes s’ouvrirent d’elles-mêmes, cf. 2, 67 ; ubi aliud os amnis aperitur Curt. 6, 4, 7, où s’ouvre une autre bouche du fleuve, cf. Sen. Nat. 6, 9, 2 ; [en parl. d’étoiles] se aperire Sen. Nat. 2, 52 ou aperiri Sen. Nat. 2, 51, se découvrir, se montrer
2 ouvrir, creuser [= faire en ouvrant, en creusant] : fundamenta templi Liv. 1, 55, 2, creuser les fondations du temple ; subterraneos specus Tac. G. 16, creuser des retraites souterraines || viam, vias, iter, ouvrir, frayer, creuser une route, des routes, un chemin : Sall. C. 58, 7 ; Liv. 7, 33, 11, etc.
3 [fig.] ouvrir, mettre à découvert : viam Lucr. 1, 373 ; Virg. En. 11, 884 ; Liv. 26, 45, 9, ouvrir, laisser libre une route ; immissi cum falcibus purgarunt et aperuerunt locum Cic. Tusc. 5, 65, envoyés avec des faucillons, ils nettoyèrent et mirent à découvert l’emplacement ; populus Romanus aperuit Pontum Cic. Arch. 21, le peuple romain ouvrit le royaume du Pont ; fontes philosophiæ Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, ouvrir les sources de la philosophie || locum suspicioni, crimini Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 181, donner le champ libre au soupçon, à une accusation || [t. de finances] ouvrir un crédit : quod DCCC aperuisti Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2, [c’est bien à toi] de lui avoir ouvert le crédit de 800 000 sesterces [cf. exposuisti Att. 5, 4, 3 ]
4 mettre au grand jour des projets, des sentiments, des actions, etc.] : omnia quæ in diuturna obscuritate latuerunt, aperiam Cic. Clu. 66, tous les faits, qui sont restés longtemps enveloppés de ténèbres, je les découvrirai ; aperiebatur causa insidiarum Cic. Clu. 50, la cause de l’attentat était mise au jour || montrer, exposer, expliquer : libri Tusculanarum disputationum res ad beate vivendum maxime necessarias aperuerunt Cic. Div. 2, 2, les Tusculanes [le traité des dissertations de Tusculum ont dévoilé ce qui est le plus nécessaire au bonheur ; perspicuis dubia aperiuntur Cic. Fin. 4, 67, les choses évidentes servent à éclaircir les points douteux || [avec prop. inf.] : aperire se non fortunæ... solere esse amicum Nep. Att. 9, 5, montrer que ce n’était pas à la fortune (à la situation) qu’il donnait son amitié || [avec interr. ind.] : non dubitavit aperire quid cogitaret Cic. Mil. 44, il n’hésita pas à découvrir ce qu’il méditait
5 abst, emploi douteux] aperit Bacchanal Pl. Aul. 411, la maison des Bacchanales [où se font les Bacchanales], le Bacchanal ouvre = ouvre ses portes [cf. en fr. les magasins ouvrent, l’Opéra ouvre], cf. Pers. 300.
fut. arch. aperibo Pl. Truc. 763 || impf. aperibam Fort. Carm. 5, 5, 100.
Latin > German (Georges)
a-perio, peruī, pertum, īre (aus *ap-verio, vgl. litauisch àt-veriu, ›öffne, mache auf‹, altind. apavrnōti, ›deckt auf, öffnet‹), zum Vorschein bringen, bloß-, offen machen (Ggstz. operire), I) Verdecktes, Verhülltes sichtbar machen, sehen lassen, aufdecken, entblößen, bloßlegen (Ggstz. operire, tegere, contegere), a) eig.: aperit ramum, qui veste latebat, Verg.: unda dehiscens aperit terram, läßt den Grund sehen, Verg. – Körperteile, durch Enthüllung, corporis partes quasdam, Cic.: caput (auch als Höflichkeitsbezeigung gegen höhere Magistrate), Cic. u.a.: u. caput alci (vor jmd.), Sall. fr.: u. capita aspectu magistratuum, Plin.: aperto pectore, Ov.: apertae pectora matres, die Brust entblößt, Ov. – durch Nebel, Nacht usw. Verhülltes, dispulsa sole nebula aperuit diem, Liv.: liquidior lux aperit hostem, Curt. – u. so refl. se aperire u. medial aperiri, sichtbar werden, sich sehen lassen, zum Vorschein kommen, v. Gestirnen, v. Örtl., die uns näher treten u. dgl. (Ggstz. delitescere, occultari), Cic. – b) übtr., gleichs. Verhülltes, Verborgenes, Unbekanntes an das Licht bringen, -ziehen, an den Tag geben, -bringen, offenbaren, enthüllen (dah. auch verraten), eröffnen, darlegen (Ggstz. occulere, occultare, tegere), α) m. Acc.: istaec tua flagitia, Plaut.: occulta quaedam et quasi involuta, Cic.: involutae rei notitiam definiendo, Cic.: sententiam suam, Cic.: dissidentes suos sensus, Nep.: frontes hominum (Ggstz. tegere mentes), Cic.: errorem, Liv.: causam consilii sui, Sall.: consilium suum, Sall.: coniurationem, Sall.: rem omnem, Sall.: omnia, Liv.: futura, Verg.: casus futuros, Ov.: utriusque naturam et mores, Sall.: socios sceleris, Sall.: lux deinde aperuit bellum ducemque belli, gab Aufschluß über usw., Liv.: quo pacto hoc occipiam (accipiam!), aperi, *Plaut. mil. 1025 Br. – refl. se aperire u. medial aperiri, v. Pers., sich (seine wahre Gesinnung) offenbaren u. sich (wer man ist) verraten, coacti necessario se aperiunt, zeigen sich in ihrem wahren Lichte, Ter.: tum sumus incauti studioque aperimur in ipso, Ov. – u. ap. alqm, jmd. aufspüren, nec uspiam ruris aperitur ille, Apul. met. 7, 26. – v. Lebl., exspectandum (putabant), dum se ipsa res aperiret, an den Tag käme, Nep. Paus. 3, 7. – β) m. de u. Abl.: deinceps de insinuatione aperiendum est, Cornif. rhet. 1, 9; vgl. ibid. 2, 50. – γ) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin.: se non fortunae, sed hominibus solere esse amicum, Nep. – v. Lebl., cum et concitatio remorum directaeque in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent, Liv. – δ) m. folg. indirekt. Fragesatz: aperio, qui sim, Nep.; vgl. memet ipse aperio, quis sim, Liv.: aperio, quid sentiam, Nep.
II) Verschlossenes, Besetztes sichtbar u. offen u. dah. auch zugänglich machen, öffnen, eröffnen, er schließen, aufmachen, aufbrechen (Ggstz. operire, claudere), a) eig.: α) durch Wegziehen eines Vorhangs, einer Verhüllung, Decke, ostium, fores, Ter. u.a. (u. im Bilde quā commendatione quasi amicitiae fores aperiuntur, Cic.): ianuam, Ov. (vgl. unten no. δ, αα): portam, Caes.: domum, Catull.: tabernas, Liv.: fenestram, Cels. (u. im Bilde hanc fenestram, diesen Weg einschlagen, Suet.): aerarium, Caes. (u. im Bilde nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit, Cic.): carceres (in der Rennbahn), Varr.: eas arcas (Särge), Liv.: sepulcrum, Curt.: patinas, Plaut.: vas, Cato: florem, v. Gewächsen, Plin.: os (Mund), Scrib.: fauces, Quint.: oculos, pupulas, Cic.: u. (sprichw.) alci oculos aperire, ut volgo dicitur, M. Caes. b. Fronto ad M. Caes. ep. 3, 18. p. 56, 13 N.: apertas aures praebe ad nomen memoriamque filii tui, Sen. ad Marc. 5, 2. – refl., se aperire, sich öffnen, aufgehen, in templo Herculis valvae clausae repagulis subito se ipsae aperuerunt, Cic.: patris sepulchrum diruptis ianuis se aperuit, Vopisc.: flos numquam se aperit nisi vento spirante, Plin. – β) durch Abnahme eines Bandes, Siegels usw. öffnen, erbrechen, fasciculum litterarum, epistulam, litteras, Cic.: testamentum, Suet. – γ) durch Hauen, Schneiden, Graben, Stechen, Brennen usw. etw. öffnen, bloßlegen, αα) in etwas eine Öffnung machen, parietem, durchbrechen, ICt.: murum ab imo ad summum crebris cubitalibus fere cavis, Liv. – bes. als mediz. t. t., sowohl v. Arzte, cutem, Cels.: cutem latius, Cels.: vulnus latius, Cels.: pustulas acu, Cels.: locum candenti ferro, Cels. – als v. Heilmitteln, omnes vomicas celerius, Scrib.: strumas, Scrib. – u. Passiv aperiri medial = sich öffnen, aufgehen, v. Geschwüren usw., donec ea suppurent et per se aperiantur, Cels.: ubi vel per se vel per medicamenta vel etiam ferro aperta est suppuratio, Cels. – ββ) eine Örtlichkeit öffnen, eröffnen = zugänglich machen, saltum caedendo, Curt.: u. bl. saltum, Liv. – δ) prägn.: αα) eröffnen, = eine Öffnung, einen Durchgang, eine Mündung usw. bilden, sowohl durch Graben, aufgraben, graben, bloßlegen, locum, Cic.: fundamenta templi, Liv.: cavernas, Ov.: viam rectam in cuniculum, Liv.: ianuam in publico, nach der Straße zu durchbrechen, ICt.: puteum, graben, ICt. – als auch durch andere Mittel, iter ferro, mit dem Schwerte einen Weg durch die Reihen der Feinde, Sall. (u. im Bilde ap. viam potentiae, Vell.). – v. Lebl., ventus aperuit incendio viam, Liv.: mare quoque novum in Pamphyliam iter aperuerat, Curt.: aperit os aliud amnis, Curt. – ββ) eröffnen = einen Ausgang, Ausfluß verschaffen, fließen machen, fontium lacus, Varr. fr.: fontes maximos, penitus absconditos, Cornif. rhet. (u. im Bilde fontes philosophiae, eloquentiae, Cic. u. Quint.): novas venas (aquarum), ICt. – u. als mediz. t. t., cataplasmatibus efficere, ut per se pus aperiatur, Cels. – b) übtr.: α) gleichs. Verschlossenes, Unzugängliches eröffnen, erschließen, zugänglich machen, αα) bisher unzugängliche Länder, Völker usw. dem Zutritt, dem Verkehr, der Eroberung usw., Pontum, Cic.: Britanniam tam diu clausam Mela; vgl. quod pace omnis Italia erat aperta, dem freien Verkehr geöffnet war, Liv.: u. ver aperit navigantibus maria, Plin. – incognitum famae orbem terrarum armis, Liv.: reges et gentes, Tac.: Asiam regi, Curt.: mors alcis aperit Syriam, die sichere Rückkehr nach S., Tac. – ββ) bisher nicht erreichbare Zustände usw., toreuticen, anbahnen, Plin.: alci pristinae vitae consuetudinem interclusam, Cic.: alci reditum ad suos, Cic. – occasionem, Liv.: occasionem ad invadendum (v. einem Umstande), Liv.: insidiantibus casum, eine Gelegenheit, eine Blöße geben, Tac.: u. ebenso locum suspicioni aut crimini, Cic. – γγ) eine gleichs. bisher verschlossene Zeit eröffnen, ap. annum, das Jahreröffnen, erschließen, poet. v. Sternbilde Stier (weil beim Eintritt der Sonne in den Stier für den Landmann das neue Jahr begann), Verg. georg. 1, 217; u. zur Kaiserzeit von denen, die zur Benennung des Jahres das Konsulat für den ersten Januar übernahmen, Plin. pan. 58, 4. Stat. silv. 4, 1, 2. – alci vacuos honoris menses, jmdm. freie Monate der Ehre eröffnen, d.i. für jmd. M. offen machen, in denen er als Konsul eintreten kann, Tac. ann. 2, 72. – β) eine Anstalt eröffnen, d.i. allgemeiner Benutzung zugänglich machen, ludum (eine Schule), Cic.: u. so ludum dicendi, Suet.: scholam, Suet.: u. locum... asylum (einen Ort als As.), Liv. – γ) eine Geldsumme jmdm. eroffnen = jmdm. zur freien Verfügung stellen, quod DCCC (800000 Sesterze) aperuisti, Cic. ad Att. 5, 1, 2. – / Archaist. Imperf. aperibat, Ven. Fort. 5, 5, 100: Fut. aperibo, Plaut. truc. 763 (aber Pompon. com. 173 liest Ribbeck nach Fleckeisens Vermutung a peribo).
Latin > Chinese
aperio, is, ui, ertum, ire. 4. :: 開。解。 釋。顯。— caput 摘帽。免冠。
