εἴδω: Difference between revisions
αὐτόχειρες οὔτε τῶν ἀγαθῶν οὔτε τῶν κακῶν γίγνονται τῶν συμβαινόντων αὐτοῖς → for not with their own hands do they deal out the blessings and curses that befall us
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m (Text replacement - "(<b class="b2">)([\w\s']+), ([\w\s']+)(<\/b>)" to ", $3") |
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|Transliteration C=eido | |Transliteration C=eido | ||
|Beta Code=ei)/dw | |Beta Code=ei)/dw | ||
|Definition=no Act. pres. in use, [[ὁράω]] being used:—Med., v.infr. A.11: aor. 2 εἶδον always in sense of <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[see]] (so in pres. and aor. 1 Med., to [[be seen]], i.e. [[seem]]): but pf. οἶδα, in pres. sense, [[know]]. (With <b class="b3">ἔ-ϝιδον</b>, cf. (ϝ) είδομαι<b class="b3">, (ϝ) εῖδος</b>, Lat. [[videre]]; with (ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Skt. [[véda]], Goth. [[wait]], OE. [[wát]] 'know'.) </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> aor. 2 [[εἶδον]] (late εἶδα <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>118</span>), serving as aor. to [[ὁράω]], Ep. [[ἴδον]], iter. ἴδεσκε <span class="bibl">Il.3.217</span>, late Aeol. εὔιδον <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>990.11 (Balbilla); imper. [[ἴδε]] (in Att. written as adverb [[ἰδέ]], [[behold]]! Hdn.Gr.2.23), [[ἴδετε]]; subj. [[ἴδω]], Ep. ἴδωμι <span class="bibl">Il.18.63</span>; opt. [[ἴδοιμι]]; inf. [[ἰδεῖν]], Ep. [[ἰδέειν]]; part. [[ἰδών]]: hence, fut. ἰδησῶ <span class="bibl">Theoc.3.37</span>:—Med., aor. 2 [[εἰδόμην]], Ep. [[ἰδόμην]], in same sense, poet., Ion., and later Prose (c. gen., <span class="bibl">Arat.430</span>) (so in compds., even in Att. Prose, v. [[ἐπ-]], προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην); imper. [[ἰδοῦ]] (freq. written as adverb [[ἰδού]], = [[ἰδέ]]); subj. [[ἴδωμαι]]; opt. [[ἰδοίμην]]; inf. [[ἰδέσθαι]]; part. ἰδόμενος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.88</span>, al.: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[see]], [[perceive]], [[behold]], [[ὀφθαλμοῖσι]] or <b class="b3">ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι</b> [[see]] before the eyes, <span class="bibl">Il.1.587</span>, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1020</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι</b> well, I will try and [[see]], <span class="bibl">Od.6.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.159</span>; [[mark]], [[observe]], <span class="bibl">Il.4.476</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.412</span>, etc.: followed by relat. clause, ἴδωμ' ὅτιν' ἔργα τέτυκται <span class="bibl">Il.22.450</span>; ἀλλ' ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδ' ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Od.10.44</span>: freq. in inf. after Subst. or Adj., <b class="b3">θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι</b> a marvel [[to behold]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.725</span>; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>240</span>; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>620a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[see]] a person, i.e. [[meet]] him, [[speak with]] him, <span class="bibl">Th.4.125</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.15</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> [[see]], i.e. [[experience]], νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.3.233</span>, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>56</span>; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>835</span>; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1270</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἀλόχου κουριδίης… οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε</b> he [[saw]] (i.e. [[enjoyed]]) not the favour of his wedded wife, <span class="bibl">Il.11.243</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[look]], <b class="b3">ἰδεῖν ἐς</b>… [[look]] at or towards, <span class="bibl">2.271</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἰδεῖν ἐπί</b>… <span class="bibl">23.143</span>; [[πρός]]… <span class="bibl">Od.12.244</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι</b> [[look]] him in the face, <span class="bibl">Il.9.373</span>, etc.; κατ' ἐνῶπα ἰδών <span class="bibl">15.320</span>; [[ἄντα]], [[ἐσάντα]], or <b class="b3">ἄντην ἰδεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">13.184</span>, <span class="bibl">17.334</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.78</span>, etc.: qualified by Adv. or Adj., <b class="b3">ὑπόδρα ἰδών</b> [[looking]] askance, <span class="bibl">Il.1.148</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἀχρεῖον ἰδών</b> [[looking]] helpless, <span class="bibl">2.269</span>; <b class="b3">κέρδος ἰδεῖν</b> [[look to]] gain, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 541</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[see mentally]], [[perceive]], <b class="b3">ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν</b> '[[to see]] in his mind's eye', <span class="bibl">Il.21.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.249</span>; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>511a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[examine]], [[investigate]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>70e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>192e</span>; [[consider]], ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>455a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Med., pres. εἴδομαι, Ep. ἐείδεται <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.58</span>, part. ἐειδόμενος Pi.<b class="b2">N.</b>.10.15: aor. [[εἰσάμην]], Ep. part. ἐεισάμενος <span class="bibl">Il. 2.22</span>, al.:—only Ep.and Lyr., to [[be seen]], [[appear]], <b class="b3">εἴδεται ἄστρα</b> they [[are visible]], [[appear]], <span class="bibl">8.559</span>; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι <span class="bibl">13.98</span>; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός <span class="bibl">24.319</span>; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>1034.19 (Callipolis), cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.283</span>; perhaps also <b class="b3">οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο</b> none of the skin [[was visible]], <span class="bibl">Il.13.191</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. inf., [[appear]] or [[seem]] to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι <span class="bibl">1.228</span>; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι <span class="bibl">Od.9.11</span>, etc.: with inf. omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ <span class="bibl">19.283</span>, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται <span class="bibl">Il.14.472</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc. 25.58</span>; also, [[look like]] or [[make a show of]]... <b class="b3">εἴσατ' ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον</b> he [[made a show of]] going to Lemnos, <span class="bibl">Od.8.283</span>; <b class="b3">εἴσατο δ' ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν</b> it [[had the look as of]] a shield, <span class="bibl">5.281</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> strictly middle, c. dat., <b class="b3">εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ</b> she [[made herself like]] Polites in voice, <span class="bibl">Il.2.791</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.81</span>; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι <span class="bibl">Rhian.50</span>: especially in part., [[like]], εἰδομένη κήρυκι <span class="bibl">Il.2.280</span>, etc.; τῷ δ' ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.15</span>; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>771</span> (lyr.); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.69</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> pf., [[οἶδα]] I [[know]], used as pres.: plpf. [[ᾔδεα]] (v. infr.), I [[knew]], used as impf.:—pf. [[οἶδα]], Aeol. ὄϊδα <span class="bibl">Alc. 145</span>; 2sg. [[οἶδας]] once in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.1.337</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>456</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.491</span>, <span class="bibl">Hippon.89</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>67</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>780</span>, <span class="bibl">Philem.44.3</span> codd.; [[οἶσθα]] elsewhere in Hom., Att., etc.; in Com. also sometimes οἶσθας <span class="bibl">Cratin.105</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.15.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.348.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Herod.2.55</span>; pl., [[ἴσμεν]], Ep., Aeol., and Dor. [[ἴδμεν]], also Ion., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.6</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς</b>- <span class="bibl">Od.2.211</span>, al., but ῑς- ib.<span class="bibl">283</span>, al.]; οἴδαμεν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.17</span>, οἴδατε <span class="title">AP</span>12.81 (Mel.), οἴδᾱσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.43</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span> 20.14</span> codd.; dual, οἴδατον <span class="bibl">Socr.<span class="title">Ep.</span>22.1</span>: imper. [[ἴσθι]], [[ἴστω]], Boeot. [[ἴττω]], late ἰδέτω <span class="bibl">Phalar.<span class="title">Ep.</span>122</span> codd.: from 3pl. [[ἴσασι]] (ἴσαντι <span class="bibl">Epich. 53</span>) were formed Dor. 1sg. ἴσᾱμι <span class="bibl">Epich.254</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.248</span>; 3sg. ἴσατι <span class="title">IG</span>14.644.4 (Bruttii); 1pl. ἴσᾰμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.14</span>, [[ἴσαμες]] prob. in <span class="title">Dialex.</span> 6.12; Cret. 3pl. subj. ἴθθαντι <span class="title">GDI</span>5024; inf. [[ϝισάμην]] Kohler-Ziebarth [[Stadtrecht von Gortyn]] 34 No.3.19; part. ἴσας <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>175.19</span>, dat. sg. ἴσαντι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.29</span>, Cret. pl. ἴθθαντες <span class="title">GDI</span>5024: subj. [[εἰδῶ]] ([[εἰδέω]], [[ἰδέω]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.236</span>), Ion. 3pl. εἰδέωσι <span class="title">SIG</span>45.21 (Halic., V B.C.); Ep. also εἴδω <span class="bibl">Od.1.174</span>, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr.<span class="bibl">2.131</span>), εἴδομεν <span class="bibl">Il.1.363</span>, εἴδετε <span class="bibl">Od.9.17</span>: opt. [[εἰδείην]], 1pl. εἰδεῖμεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>190b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>582a</span>: inf. [[εἰδέναι]], Ep. [[ἴδμεναι]], [[ἴδμεν]], also ἰδέμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.25</span>: part. [[εἰδώς]], [[εἰδυῖα]], Ep. also [[ἰδυῖα]], Elean ϝειζώς <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 409:—plpf. ᾔδεα <span class="bibl">Il.14.71</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.150</span>, contr. ᾔδη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>18</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span> 511</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>119a</span>, ᾔδησθα <span class="bibl">Od.19.93</span>, <span class="bibl">Eup. 416</span>, etc. (but [[ᾔδεισθα]] freq. in codd., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>551</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>108</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span> 80d</span>, al.), [[ᾔδεε]] (ν) <span class="bibl">Il.17.402</span>, al., ᾔδη <span class="bibl">1.70</span>, al. (also later Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.86</span>), Att. contr. [[ᾔδει]] (ν) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1187</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>558</span>, etc.; Ep. <span class="bibl">2</span> and 3sg. [[ἠείδης]], [[ἠείδη]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] -εις, - ει), <span class="bibl">Il.22.280</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.206</span>; Att. also 1sg. ᾔδειν <span class="bibl">D.37.24</span>, 2sg. ᾔδεις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>554</span>, etc.; pl., ᾔδειμεν <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>87b40</span>, ᾔδεμεν <span class="bibl">Men.14D.</span> (to be read in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1232</span>), ᾔδειτε <span class="bibl">D.55.9</span>, etc. ([[ᾔδετε]] prob. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span> 1345</span>), Ion. ᾐδέατε <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.58</span> (συν-), ᾔδεισαν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>42.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.15.3.23</span>, ᾔδεσαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.175</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.54</span>, etc.; late Ep. [[ᾔδειν]], [[ἠείδειν]], <span class="bibl">A.R.2.65</span>,<span class="bibl">4.1700</span>, also [[ᾖσμεν]], [[ᾖστε]], [[ᾖσαν]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>149.4</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>340</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Cyc.</span>231</span>, etc.; Ep. 3pl. ἴσαν <span class="bibl">Il.18.405</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.772</span>:—fut., in this sense, εἴσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.1.548</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>20</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>332</span>, etc.; also εἰδήσω <span class="bibl">Od.7.327</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.234</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.31.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>108a28</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.5.78</span>, <span class="bibl">Apollon.Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>1</span> <span class="title">Praef.</span>, etc.; inf. εἰδησέμεν <span class="bibl">Od.6.257</span>.—The aor. and pf. are usually supplied by [[γιγνώσκω]]; aor. 1 inf. [[εἰδῆσαι]] is found in Hp.Acut.(Sp.) 22, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>6.8.25</span> ([[ἐξ]]-), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1156b27</span>, Thphr.<span class="title">Char. Prooem.</span>4; imper. εἴδησον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>36.2</span> (iii B.C.); 3pl. subj. [[εἰδήσωσιν]] Herzog [[Koische Forschungen]] No.<span class="bibl">190</span> (ii/i B.C.):—<b class="b2">know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with</b>, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, ὃς ᾔδη τά τ' ἐόντα τά τ' ἐσσόμενα πρό τ' ἐόντα <span class="bibl">Il.1.70</span>; <b class="b3">νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.122</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.363</span>, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers., τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα <span class="bibl">Od.4.551</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>365e</span>, <span class="bibl">D.54.34</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν</b> the first we [[know of]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.6</span>, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν <span class="bibl">Th.1.4</span>: strengthened by [[εὖ]] or <b class="b3">σάφα, εὖ τόδ' ἴσθι</b> [[know]] well, [[be assured]] of this, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>593</span>; σάφ' οἶδ' ἐγώ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>740</span>, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, <b class="b3">ἄγρια οἶδε</b> [[has]] fierceness [[in his heart]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.41</span>; <b class="b3">ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη</b> [[had]] law lessness [[in his heart]], <span class="bibl">Od.9.189</span>; <b class="b3">αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη</b>, <span class="bibl">14.433</span>, <span class="bibl">19.248</span>; <b class="b3">εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη</b> if he [[were]] kindly [[disposed]] towards me, <span class="bibl">Il.16.73</span>; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν <span class="bibl">Od.3.277</span>; <b class="b3">κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς</b>, <span class="bibl">8.584</span>, <span class="bibl">24.442</span>: c. gen., ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων <span class="bibl">Il. 12.229</span>; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης <span class="bibl">15.412</span>; <b class="b3">τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς</b> [[cunning with]] the bow, <span class="bibl">2.718</span>; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. <span class="bibl">15.525</span>; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς <span class="bibl">Od.1.202</span>; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων <span class="bibl">5.250</span>; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης <span class="bibl">Il.2.823</span>; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης <span class="bibl">10.360</span>; παῖδ' ἔτ' ἐόντ' οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς <span class="bibl">11.710</span>; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης <span class="bibl">23.665</span>; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς <span class="bibl">6.438</span>; <b class="b3">χάριν εἰδέναι τινί</b> [[acknowledge]] a debt to another, [[thank]] him, <span class="bibl">14.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.21</span>, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, <b class="b3">ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός</b> [[be]] Zeus [[my witness]], <span class="bibl">Il.10.329</span>; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα <span class="bibl">15.36</span>, etc.; Boeot. <b class="b3">ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς</b> etc., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>860</span>, etc.: part. [[εἰδώς]], abs., | |Definition=no Act. pres. in use, [[ὁράω]] being used:—Med., v.infr. A.11: aor. 2 εἶδον always in sense of <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[see]] (so in pres. and aor. 1 Med., to [[be seen]], i.e. [[seem]]): but pf. οἶδα, in pres. sense, [[know]]. (With <b class="b3">ἔ-ϝιδον</b>, cf. (ϝ) είδομαι<b class="b3">, (ϝ) εῖδος</b>, Lat. [[videre]]; with (ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Skt. [[véda]], Goth. [[wait]], OE. [[wát]] 'know'.) </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> aor. 2 [[εἶδον]] (late εἶδα <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>118</span>), serving as aor. to [[ὁράω]], Ep. [[ἴδον]], iter. ἴδεσκε <span class="bibl">Il.3.217</span>, late Aeol. εὔιδον <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>990.11 (Balbilla); imper. [[ἴδε]] (in Att. written as adverb [[ἰδέ]], [[behold]]! Hdn.Gr.2.23), [[ἴδετε]]; subj. [[ἴδω]], Ep. ἴδωμι <span class="bibl">Il.18.63</span>; opt. [[ἴδοιμι]]; inf. [[ἰδεῖν]], Ep. [[ἰδέειν]]; part. [[ἰδών]]: hence, fut. ἰδησῶ <span class="bibl">Theoc.3.37</span>:—Med., aor. 2 [[εἰδόμην]], Ep. [[ἰδόμην]], in same sense, poet., Ion., and later Prose (c. gen., <span class="bibl">Arat.430</span>) (so in compds., even in Att. Prose, v. [[ἐπ-]], προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην); imper. [[ἰδοῦ]] (freq. written as adverb [[ἰδού]], = [[ἰδέ]]); subj. [[ἴδωμαι]]; opt. [[ἰδοίμην]]; inf. [[ἰδέσθαι]]; part. ἰδόμενος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.88</span>, al.: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[see]], [[perceive]], [[behold]], [[ὀφθαλμοῖσι]] or <b class="b3">ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι</b> [[see]] before the eyes, <span class="bibl">Il.1.587</span>, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1020</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι</b> well, I will try and [[see]], <span class="bibl">Od.6.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.159</span>; [[mark]], [[observe]], <span class="bibl">Il.4.476</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.412</span>, etc.: followed by relat. clause, ἴδωμ' ὅτιν' ἔργα τέτυκται <span class="bibl">Il.22.450</span>; ἀλλ' ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδ' ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Od.10.44</span>: freq. in inf. after Subst. or Adj., <b class="b3">θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι</b> a marvel [[to behold]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.725</span>; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>240</span>; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>620a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[see]] a person, i.e. [[meet]] him, [[speak with]] him, <span class="bibl">Th.4.125</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.15</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> [[see]], i.e. [[experience]], νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.3.233</span>, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>56</span>; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>835</span>; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1270</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἀλόχου κουριδίης… οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε</b> he [[saw]] (i.e. [[enjoyed]]) not the favour of his wedded wife, <span class="bibl">Il.11.243</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[look]], <b class="b3">ἰδεῖν ἐς</b>… [[look]] at or towards, <span class="bibl">2.271</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἰδεῖν ἐπί</b>… <span class="bibl">23.143</span>; [[πρός]]… <span class="bibl">Od.12.244</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι</b> [[look]] him in the face, <span class="bibl">Il.9.373</span>, etc.; κατ' ἐνῶπα ἰδών <span class="bibl">15.320</span>; [[ἄντα]], [[ἐσάντα]], or <b class="b3">ἄντην ἰδεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">13.184</span>, <span class="bibl">17.334</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.78</span>, etc.: qualified by Adv. or Adj., <b class="b3">ὑπόδρα ἰδών</b> [[looking]] askance, <span class="bibl">Il.1.148</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἀχρεῖον ἰδών</b> [[looking]] helpless, <span class="bibl">2.269</span>; <b class="b3">κέρδος ἰδεῖν</b> [[look to]] gain, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 541</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[see mentally]], [[perceive]], <b class="b3">ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν</b> '[[to see]] in his mind's eye', <span class="bibl">Il.21.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.249</span>; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>511a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[examine]], [[investigate]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>70e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>192e</span>; [[consider]], ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>455a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Med., pres. εἴδομαι, Ep. ἐείδεται <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.58</span>, part. ἐειδόμενος Pi.<b class="b2">N.</b>.10.15: aor. [[εἰσάμην]], Ep. part. ἐεισάμενος <span class="bibl">Il. 2.22</span>, al.:—only Ep.and Lyr., to [[be seen]], [[appear]], <b class="b3">εἴδεται ἄστρα</b> they [[are visible]], [[appear]], <span class="bibl">8.559</span>; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι <span class="bibl">13.98</span>; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός <span class="bibl">24.319</span>; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>1034.19 (Callipolis), cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.283</span>; perhaps also <b class="b3">οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο</b> none of the skin [[was visible]], <span class="bibl">Il.13.191</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. inf., [[appear]] or [[seem]] to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι <span class="bibl">1.228</span>; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι <span class="bibl">Od.9.11</span>, etc.: with inf. omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ <span class="bibl">19.283</span>, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται <span class="bibl">Il.14.472</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc. 25.58</span>; also, [[look like]] or [[make a show of]]... <b class="b3">εἴσατ' ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον</b> he [[made a show of]] going to Lemnos, <span class="bibl">Od.8.283</span>; <b class="b3">εἴσατο δ' ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν</b> it [[had the look as of]] a shield, <span class="bibl">5.281</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> strictly middle, c. dat., <b class="b3">εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ</b> she [[made herself like]] Polites in voice, <span class="bibl">Il.2.791</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.81</span>; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι <span class="bibl">Rhian.50</span>: especially in part., [[like]], εἰδομένη κήρυκι <span class="bibl">Il.2.280</span>, etc.; τῷ δ' ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.15</span>; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>771</span> (lyr.); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.69</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> pf., [[οἶδα]] I [[know]], used as pres.: plpf. [[ᾔδεα]] (v. infr.), I [[knew]], used as impf.:—pf. [[οἶδα]], Aeol. ὄϊδα <span class="bibl">Alc. 145</span>; 2sg. [[οἶδας]] once in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.1.337</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>456</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.491</span>, <span class="bibl">Hippon.89</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>67</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>780</span>, <span class="bibl">Philem.44.3</span> codd.; [[οἶσθα]] elsewhere in Hom., Att., etc.; in Com. also sometimes οἶσθας <span class="bibl">Cratin.105</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.15.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.348.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Herod.2.55</span>; pl., [[ἴσμεν]], Ep., Aeol., and Dor. [[ἴδμεν]], also Ion., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.6</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς</b>- <span class="bibl">Od.2.211</span>, al., but ῑς- ib.<span class="bibl">283</span>, al.]; οἴδαμεν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.17</span>, οἴδατε <span class="title">AP</span>12.81 (Mel.), οἴδᾱσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.43</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span> 20.14</span> codd.; dual, οἴδατον <span class="bibl">Socr.<span class="title">Ep.</span>22.1</span>: imper. [[ἴσθι]], [[ἴστω]], Boeot. [[ἴττω]], late ἰδέτω <span class="bibl">Phalar.<span class="title">Ep.</span>122</span> codd.: from 3pl. [[ἴσασι]] (ἴσαντι <span class="bibl">Epich. 53</span>) were formed Dor. 1sg. ἴσᾱμι <span class="bibl">Epich.254</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.248</span>; 3sg. ἴσατι <span class="title">IG</span>14.644.4 (Bruttii); 1pl. ἴσᾰμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.14</span>, [[ἴσαμες]] prob. in <span class="title">Dialex.</span> 6.12; Cret. 3pl. subj. ἴθθαντι <span class="title">GDI</span>5024; inf. [[ϝισάμην]] Kohler-Ziebarth [[Stadtrecht von Gortyn]] 34 No.3.19; part. ἴσας <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>175.19</span>, dat. sg. ἴσαντι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.29</span>, Cret. pl. ἴθθαντες <span class="title">GDI</span>5024: subj. [[εἰδῶ]] ([[εἰδέω]], [[ἰδέω]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.236</span>), Ion. 3pl. εἰδέωσι <span class="title">SIG</span>45.21 (Halic., V B.C.); Ep. also εἴδω <span class="bibl">Od.1.174</span>, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr.<span class="bibl">2.131</span>), εἴδομεν <span class="bibl">Il.1.363</span>, εἴδετε <span class="bibl">Od.9.17</span>: opt. [[εἰδείην]], 1pl. εἰδεῖμεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>190b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>582a</span>: inf. [[εἰδέναι]], Ep. [[ἴδμεναι]], [[ἴδμεν]], also ἰδέμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.25</span>: part. [[εἰδώς]], [[εἰδυῖα]], Ep. also [[ἰδυῖα]], Elean ϝειζώς <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 409:—plpf. ᾔδεα <span class="bibl">Il.14.71</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.150</span>, contr. ᾔδη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>18</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span> 511</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>119a</span>, ᾔδησθα <span class="bibl">Od.19.93</span>, <span class="bibl">Eup. 416</span>, etc. (but [[ᾔδεισθα]] freq. in codd., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>551</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>108</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span> 80d</span>, al.), [[ᾔδεε]] (ν) <span class="bibl">Il.17.402</span>, al., ᾔδη <span class="bibl">1.70</span>, al. (also later Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.86</span>), Att. contr. [[ᾔδει]] (ν) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1187</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>558</span>, etc.; Ep. <span class="bibl">2</span> and 3sg. [[ἠείδης]], [[ἠείδη]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] -εις, - ει), <span class="bibl">Il.22.280</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.206</span>; Att. also 1sg. ᾔδειν <span class="bibl">D.37.24</span>, 2sg. ᾔδεις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>554</span>, etc.; pl., ᾔδειμεν <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>87b40</span>, ᾔδεμεν <span class="bibl">Men.14D.</span> (to be read in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1232</span>), ᾔδειτε <span class="bibl">D.55.9</span>, etc. ([[ᾔδετε]] prob. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span> 1345</span>), Ion. ᾐδέατε <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.58</span> (συν-), ᾔδεισαν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>42.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.15.3.23</span>, ᾔδεσαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.175</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.54</span>, etc.; late Ep. [[ᾔδειν]], [[ἠείδειν]], <span class="bibl">A.R.2.65</span>,<span class="bibl">4.1700</span>, also [[ᾖσμεν]], [[ᾖστε]], [[ᾖσαν]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>149.4</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>340</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Cyc.</span>231</span>, etc.; Ep. 3pl. ἴσαν <span class="bibl">Il.18.405</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.772</span>:—fut., in this sense, εἴσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.1.548</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>20</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>332</span>, etc.; also εἰδήσω <span class="bibl">Od.7.327</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.234</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.31.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>108a28</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.5.78</span>, <span class="bibl">Apollon.Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>1</span> <span class="title">Praef.</span>, etc.; inf. εἰδησέμεν <span class="bibl">Od.6.257</span>.—The aor. and pf. are usually supplied by [[γιγνώσκω]]; aor. 1 inf. [[εἰδῆσαι]] is found in Hp.Acut.(Sp.) 22, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>6.8.25</span> ([[ἐξ]]-), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1156b27</span>, Thphr.<span class="title">Char. Prooem.</span>4; imper. εἴδησον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>36.2</span> (iii B.C.); 3pl. subj. [[εἰδήσωσιν]] Herzog [[Koische Forschungen]] No.<span class="bibl">190</span> (ii/i B.C.):—<b class="b2">know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with</b>, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, ὃς ᾔδη τά τ' ἐόντα τά τ' ἐσσόμενα πρό τ' ἐόντα <span class="bibl">Il.1.70</span>; <b class="b3">νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.122</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.363</span>, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers., τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα <span class="bibl">Od.4.551</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>365e</span>, <span class="bibl">D.54.34</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν</b> the first we [[know of]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.6</span>, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν <span class="bibl">Th.1.4</span>: strengthened by [[εὖ]] or <b class="b3">σάφα, εὖ τόδ' ἴσθι</b> [[know]] well, [[be assured]] of this, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>593</span>; σάφ' οἶδ' ἐγώ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>740</span>, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, <b class="b3">ἄγρια οἶδε</b> [[has]] fierceness [[in his heart]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.41</span>; <b class="b3">ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη</b> [[had]] law lessness [[in his heart]], <span class="bibl">Od.9.189</span>; <b class="b3">αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη</b>, <span class="bibl">14.433</span>, <span class="bibl">19.248</span>; <b class="b3">εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη</b> if he [[were]] kindly [[disposed]] towards me, <span class="bibl">Il.16.73</span>; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν <span class="bibl">Od.3.277</span>; <b class="b3">κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς</b>, <span class="bibl">8.584</span>, <span class="bibl">24.442</span>: c. gen., ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων <span class="bibl">Il. 12.229</span>; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης <span class="bibl">15.412</span>; <b class="b3">τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς</b> [[cunning with]] the bow, <span class="bibl">2.718</span>; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. <span class="bibl">15.525</span>; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς <span class="bibl">Od.1.202</span>; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων <span class="bibl">5.250</span>; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης <span class="bibl">Il.2.823</span>; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης <span class="bibl">10.360</span>; παῖδ' ἔτ' ἐόντ' οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς <span class="bibl">11.710</span>; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης <span class="bibl">23.665</span>; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς <span class="bibl">6.438</span>; <b class="b3">χάριν εἰδέναι τινί</b> [[acknowledge]] a debt to another, [[thank]] him, <span class="bibl">14.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.21</span>, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, <b class="b3">ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός</b> [[be]] Zeus [[my witness]], <span class="bibl">Il.10.329</span>; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα <span class="bibl">15.36</span>, etc.; Boeot. <b class="b3">ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς</b> etc., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>860</span>, etc.: part. [[εἰδώς]], abs., [[one who knows]], [[one acquainted with the fact]], ἰδυίῃ πάντ' ἀγορεύω <span class="bibl">Il.1.365</span>; μετ' εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν <span class="bibl">10.250</span>; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν <span class="bibl">Th.2.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.53</span>; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>337d</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι</b> with [[knowing]] mind, <span class="bibl">Il.1.608</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. inf., [[know how]] to do, οἶδ' ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν <span class="bibl">7.238</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1010</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>376</span>; also, <b class="b2">to be in a condition, be able, have the power</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>664</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.40</span>; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε Alex. Trall.<span class="title">Febr.</span>6; of a festival, <b class="b3">οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν</b> Chor.p.124 B.; [[learn]], ἵν' εἰδῇ μὴ 'πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>729</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. part., [[to know that]] such and such [[is]] the fact, the part. being in nom. when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, <b class="b3">ἴσθι μοι δώσων</b> [[know that]] thou wilt give, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1670</span>; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.76</span>; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>397</span>: in acc. when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>234</span>; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>: with part. omitted, <b class="b3">γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα</b> (sc. [[ὄντα]]) <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>7.226a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> less freq.c.acc. et inf., πλήθους… ἂν σάφ' ἴσθ' ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>337</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1329</span>; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον… ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.44</span>; also εὖ τόδ' ἴσθι, μηδάμ' ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>431</span>; ἕν γ' ἀκούσασ' ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μ' ἐρεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1005</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> c. acc. followed by [[ὡς]], [[ὅτι]], etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>332</span>; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 323b</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ</b>… I [[know]] not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sometimes with [[ἄν]] transposed, οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Alc.</span>48</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.45.7</span>: with Verb omitted after [[εἰ]], as <b class="b3">οὐκ οἶδ' εἴ τις ἄλλος</b> [[perhaps]] no other, <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.1</span>, <span class="bibl">12.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, <b class="b3">οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως</b> I [[know]] not how, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>40c</span>b; οὐκ οἶδ' ὁπόθεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cra.</span>396d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[οἶδα]], [[ἴσθι]] are freq. parenthetic, οἶδ' ἐγώ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>948</span>; <b class="b3">σάφ' οἶδα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">94</span>,<span class="bibl">963</span>; also <b class="b3">οἶδ' ὅτι, οἶσθ' ὅτι, ἴσθ' ὅτι, πάρειμι δ' ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ' ὅτι</b> (sc. [[πάρειμι]]) I [[know it well]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 276</span>; <b class="b3">οἶδ' ὅτι</b>, freq. in D., as <span class="bibl">9.1</span>, al.; σάφ' ἴσθ' ὅτι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>889</span>:—<b class="b3">οἶσθ' ὅ, οἶσθ' ὡς</b>, with imper., are common in Trag. and Com., <b class="b3">οἶσθ' οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον</b>; do—thou [[know'st]] what, i.e. make haste and do, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1158</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>1051</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἶσθ' ὡς πόησον</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>543</span>; also <b class="b3">οἶσθ'… ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>75</span>; <b class="b3">οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1203</span>: rarely with the fut., <b class="b3">οἶσθ' οὖν ὃ δράσεις</b> (nisileg. [[δρᾶσον]]); <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>131</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Med.</span>600</span> codd.</span> | ||
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Revision as of 16:23, 20 August 2022
English (LSJ)
no Act. pres. in use, ὁράω being used:—Med., v.infr. A.11: aor. 2 εἶδον always in sense of A see (so in pres. and aor. 1 Med., to be seen, i.e. seem): but pf. οἶδα, in pres. sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, cf. (ϝ) είδομαι, (ϝ) εῖδος, Lat. videre; with (ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Skt. véda, Goth. wait, OE. wát 'know'.) A aor. 2 εἶδον (late εἶδα Orph.A.118), serving as aor. to ὁράω, Ep. ἴδον, iter. ἴδεσκε Il.3.217, late Aeol. εὔιδον Epigr.Gr.990.11 (Balbilla); imper. ἴδε (in Att. written as adverb ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr.2.23), ἴδετε; subj. ἴδω, Ep. ἴδωμι Il.18.63; opt. ἴδοιμι; inf. ἰδεῖν, Ep. ἰδέειν; part. ἰδών: hence, fut. ἰδησῶ Theoc.3.37:—Med., aor. 2 εἰδόμην, Ep. ἰδόμην, in same sense, poet., Ion., and later Prose (c. gen., Arat.430) (so in compds., even in Att. Prose, v. ἐπ-, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην); imper. ἰδοῦ (freq. written as adverb ἰδού, = ἰδέ); subj. ἴδωμαι; opt. ἰδοίμην; inf. ἰδέσθαι; part. ἰδόμενος Hdt.1.88, al.: 1 see, perceive, behold, ὀφθαλμοῖσι or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι see before the eyes, Il.1.587, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν E.Or.1020; ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι well, I will try and see, Od.6.126, cf. 21.159; mark, observe, Il.4.476, Od.4.412, etc.: followed by relat. clause, ἴδωμ' ὅτιν' ἔργα τέτυκται Il.22.450; ἀλλ' ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδ' ἐστίν Od.10.44: freq. in inf. after Subst. or Adj., θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, Il.5.725; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν A.Pr.240; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν Pl.R.620a. b see a person, i.e. meet him, speak with him, Th.4.125, X.An.2.4.15, etc. c see, i.e. experience, νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι Od.3.233, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν E.Hec.56; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν S.Tr.835; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν Id.Ant.1270 (lyr.); ἀλόχου κουριδίης… οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε he saw (i.e. enjoyed) not the favour of his wedded wife, Il.11.243. 2 look, ἰδεῖν ἐς… look at or towards, 2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί… 23.143; πρός… Od.12.244; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, Il.9.373, etc.; κατ' ἐνῶπα ἰδών 15.320; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, Od.5.78, etc.: qualified by Adv. or Adj., ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, Il.1.148, al.; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, 2.269; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, A.Eu. 541 (lyr.). 3 see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν 'to see in his mind's eye', Il.21.61, cf. 4.249; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ Pl.R.511a. b examine, investigate, Id.Phd.70e, Tht.192e; consider, ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν Id.Grg.455a. II Med., pres. εἴδομαι, Ep. ἐείδεται Theoc.25.58, part. ἐειδόμενος Pi.N..10.15: aor. εἰσάμην, Ep. part. ἐεισάμενος Il. 2.22, al.:—only Ep.and Lyr., to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear, 8.559; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι 13.98; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός 24.319; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον Epigr.Gr.1034.19 (Callipolis), cf. Od.5.283; perhaps also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, Il.13.191. 2 c. inf., appear or seem to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι 1.228; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι Od.9.11, etc.: with inf. omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ 19.283, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται Il.14.472, cf. Theoc. 25.58; also, look like or make a show of... εἴσατ' ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, Od.8.283; εἴσατο δ' ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, 5.281. 3 strictly middle, c. dat., εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ she made herself like Polites in voice, Il.2.791, cf. 20.81; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι Rhian.50: especially in part., like, εἰδομένη κήρυκι Il.2.280, etc.; τῷ δ' ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος Pi.N.10.15; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν A.Ag.771 (lyr.); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι Hdt.6.69. B pf., οἶδα I know, used as pres.: plpf. ᾔδεα (v. infr.), I knew, used as impf.:—pf. οἶδα, Aeol. ὄϊδα Alc. 145; 2sg. οἶδας once in Hom., Od.1.337, cf. h.Merc.456, Thgn.491, Hippon.89, Hp.Acut.67, E.Alc.780, Philem.44.3 codd.; οἶσθα elsewhere in Hom., Att., etc.; in Com. also sometimes οἶσθας Cratin.105, Alex.15.11, Men.348.5, cf. Herod.2.55; pl., ἴσμεν, Ep., Aeol., and Dor. ἴδμεν, also Ion., Hdt.1.6, al.; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς- Od.2.211, al., but ῑς- ib.283, al.]; οἴδαμεν Hdt.2.17, οἴδατε AP12.81 (Mel.), οἴδᾱσι Hdt.2.43, X.Oec. 20.14 codd.; dual, οἴδατον Socr.Ep.22.1: imper. ἴσθι, ἴστω, Boeot. ἴττω, late ἰδέτω Phalar.Ep.122 codd.: from 3pl. ἴσασι (ἴσαντι Epich. 53) were formed Dor. 1sg. ἴσᾱμι Epich.254, Pi.P.4.248; 3sg. ἴσατι IG14.644.4 (Bruttii); 1pl. ἴσᾰμεν Pi.N.7.14, ἴσαμες prob. in Dialex. 6.12; Cret. 3pl. subj. ἴθθαντι GDI5024; inf. ϝισάμην Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn 34 No.3.19; part. ἴσας A.D.Adv.175.19, dat. sg. ἴσαντι Pi.P.3.29, Cret. pl. ἴθθαντες GDI5024: subj. εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, Il.14.235, Od.16.236), Ion. 3pl. εἰδέωσι SIG45.21 (Halic., V B.C.); Ep. also εἴδω Od.1.174, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr.2.131), εἴδομεν Il.1.363, εἴδετε Od.9.17: opt. εἰδείην, 1pl. εἰδεῖμεν Pl.La.190b, R.582a: inf. εἰδέναι, Ep. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also ἰδέμεν Pi.N.7.25: part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Ep. also ἰδυῖα, Elean ϝειζώς Schwyzer 409:—plpf. ᾔδεα Il.14.71, Hdt.2.150, contr. ᾔδη S.Ant.18, Ar.Av. 511, Pl.Smp.119a, ᾔδησθα Od.19.93, Eup. 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα freq. in codd., Ar.Ec.551, E.Cyc.108, Pl.Men. 80d, al.), ᾔδεε (ν) Il.17.402, al., ᾔδη 1.70, al. (also later Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. Choerob.in Theod.2.86), Att. contr. ᾔδει (ν) E.Ion1187, Ar.V.558, etc.; Ep. 2 and 3sg. ἠείδης, ἠείδη (v.l. -εις, - ει), Il.22.280, Od.9.206; Att. also 1sg. ᾔδειν D.37.24, 2sg. ᾔδεις Ar.Th.554, etc.; pl., ᾔδειμεν Aeschin.3.82, Arist.APo.87b40, ᾔδεμεν Men.14D. (to be read in S.OT1232), ᾔδειτε D.55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε prob. in E.Ba. 1345), Ion. ᾐδέατε Hdt.9.58 (συν-), ᾔδεισαν LXX Ge.42.23, Str.15.3.23, ᾔδεσαν Hdt.7.175, Thgn.54, etc.; late Ep. ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, A.R.2.65,4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, Ar.Fr.149.4 (prob.), S.Fr.340, E. Cyc.231, etc.; Ep. 3pl. ἴσαν Il.18.405, Od.4.772:—fut., in this sense, εἴσομαι Il.1.548, Hp.VM20, Ar.Ach.332, etc.; also εἰδήσω Od.7.327, Hdt.7.234, Isoc.1.44, Aen.Tact.31.5, Arist.Top.108a28, Herod.5.78, Apollon.Perg.Con.1 Praef., etc.; inf. εἰδησέμεν Od.6.257.—The aor. and pf. are usually supplied by γιγνώσκω; aor. 1 inf. εἰδῆσαι is found in Hp.Acut.(Sp.) 22, Epid.6.8.25 (ἐξ-), Arist.EN1156b27, Thphr.Char. Prooem.4; imper. εἴδησον PCair.Zen.36.2 (iii B.C.); 3pl. subj. εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No.190 (ii/i B.C.):—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, ὃς ᾔδη τά τ' ἐόντα τά τ' ἐσσόμενα πρό τ' ἐόντα Il.1.70; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, Od.2.122, Il.18.363, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers., τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα Od.4.551, cf. Pl.R.365e, D.54.34, etc.; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, Hdt.1.6, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν Th.1.4: strengthened by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδ' ἴσθι know well, be assured of this, E.Med.593; σάφ' οἶδ' ἐγώ A.Supp.740, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, Il.24.41; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, Od.9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, Il.16.73; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν Od.3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442: c. gen., ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων Il. 12.229; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow, 2.718; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od.1.202; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης Il.2.823; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360; παῖδ' ἔτ' ἐόντ' οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς 11.710; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, 14.235, Hdt.3.21, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il.10.329; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36, etc.; Boeot. ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., Ar.Ach.860, etc.: part. εἰδώς, abs., one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, ἰδυίῃ πάντ' ἀγορεύω Il.1.365; μετ' εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν Th.2.36, cf. 3.53; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος Pl.R.337d, etc.; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il.1.608,al. 2 c. inf., know how to do, οἶδ' ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν 7.238, cf. S.Ph.1010, Ar.V.376; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, E.Med.664, D.4.40; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε Alex. Trall.Febr.6; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 B.; learn, ἵν' εἰδῇ μὴ 'πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι E.Hipp.729. 3 c. part., to know that such and such is the fact, the part. being in nom. when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, A.Ag.1670; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών Hdt.4.76; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος E.Hec.397: in acc. when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς A.Ch.234; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα Th.1.69: with part. omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (sc. ὄντα) Jul.Or.7.226a. 4 less freq.c.acc. et inf., πλήθους… ἂν σάφ' ἴσθ' ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι A.Pers.337, cf. S.Ph.1329; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον… ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι X.Cyr.8.3.44; also εὖ τόδ' ἴσθι, μηδάμ' ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν A.Pers.431; ἕν γ' ἀκούσασ' ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μ' ἐρεῖν E.IA1005. 5 c. acc. followed by ὡς, ὅτι, etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ S.El.332; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι Pl.Prt. 323b, etc. 6 οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ… I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sometimes with ἄν transposed, οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε E. Alc.48, cf. D.45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδ' εἴ τις ἄλλος perhaps no other, Isoc.6.1, 12.10. 7 in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως I know not how, Pl.R.40cb; οὐκ οἶδ' ὁπόθεν Id.Cra.396d. 8 οἶδα, ἴσθι are freq. parenthetic, οἶδ' ἐγώ E.Med.948; σάφ' οἶδα ib.94,963; also οἶδ' ὅτι, οἶσθ' ὅτι, ἴσθ' ὅτι, πάρειμι δ' ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ' ὅτι (sc. πάρειμι) I know it well, S.Ant. 276; οἶδ' ὅτι, freq. in D., as 9.1, al.; σάφ' ἴσθ' ὅτι Ar.Pl.889:—οἶσθ' ὅ, οἶσθ' ὡς, with imper., are common in Trag. and Com., οἶσθ' οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou know'st what, i.e. make haste and do, Ar.Eq.1158, cf. Pax1051, etc.; οἶσθ' ὡς πόησον; S.OT543; also οἶσθ'… ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς; Id.OC75; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω; E.IT1203: rarely with the fut., οἶσθ' οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisileg. δρᾶσον); Id.Cyc.131, cf. Med.600 codd.
German (Pape)
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εἴδω: (ἀείποτε μετὰ τοῦ δίγαμμα παρ’ Ὁμ.), Λατ. video, βλέπω. Δὲν ὑπάρχει δὲ ἐκ τοῦ τύπου τούτου εὔχρηστος ἐνεργ. ἐνεστώς, δι’ ὃ ἀντ’ αὐτοῦ κεῖται τὸ ὁρῶ, ἀλλ’ ἐνεστὼς μέσος ἀπαντᾷ· ἴδε κατωτ. Α. ΙΙ. Ὁ ἀόρ. β΄ εἶδον ἀείποτε διατηρεῖ τὴν κυρίαν σημασίαν τοῦ ὁρᾶν (καὶ οὕτως ἐν τῷ ἐνεστ. καὶ μέσ. ἀορ. α΄, ὁρᾶσθαι, ἤτοι φαίνεσθαι)· ἐνῷ ὁ πρκμ. οἶδα ἀείποτε σημαίνει γνωρίζω, εἰξεύρω, καὶ ἔχει σημασίαν ἐνεστῶτος. - Περὶ τῆς διαφορᾶς τοῦ εἰδέναι καὶ ἐγνωκέναι ἴδε γιγνώσκω ἐν τέλει. (Ἐκ τῆς √ϜΙΔ παράγονται ὡσαύτως τὰ ἑξῆς: εἶδον, (Ἐπ. ἔϜιδον), εἴδομαι, οἶδα, εἶδος, ἀΐδης, ἵστωρ, ἴδρις, Βιδιαῖοι· πρβλ. Σανσκρ. vid, véd-mi, πρκμ. vêd-a (οἶδα), vind-âmi (εὑρίσκειν), Vêd-as· Λατ. vid-eo, vis-us· Γοτθ. vait (οἶδα), vit-an (τηρεῖν), Παλαιο-Σκανδιν. vit-a, Ἀγγλο-Σαξον. wît-an (Ἀγγλ. to wit, wot)· Παλ. Ὑψηλ. Γερμ. viz-an (Γερμ. wissen), κτλ.) Α. ἀόρ. β΄ εἶδον (ὅστις χρησιμεύει ὡς ἀόρ. τοῦ ὁράω), Ἐπ. ἄνευ αὐξήσεως ἴδον, Ἰων. ἴδεσκε Ἰλ. Γ. 217· προστακτ. ἴδε (συχν. γραφόμενον ὡς ἐπίρρ. ἰδέ, ecce), ἴδετε· ὑποτακτ. ἴδω, Ἐπ. ὡσαύτως ἴδωμι Ἰλ. Σ. 63· εὐκτ. ἴδοιμι· ἀπαρ. ἰδεῖν καὶ Ἐπ. ἰδέειν· μετοχ. ἰδών: - Ἐντεῦθεν σχηματίζεται μέλλων ἰδησῶ Θεόκρ. Γ. 37. - Παρὰ ποιηταῖς ὡς καὶ παρ’ Ἴωσι καὶ τοῖς μεταγεν. πεζογράφοις ὁ β΄ μέσος ἀόριστος κεῖται ἀκριβῶς ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς σημασίας (οὕτως ἐν συνθέτοις, ἔτι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ἀττικ. πεζογράφοις, ἴδε ἐπ-, προ-, ὑπειδόμην), Ἐπ. ἰδόμην· προστακτ. ἰδοῦ (συχν. γραφόμενον ὡς ἐπίρρ. ἰδού, ecce)· ὑποτακτ. ἴδωμαι· εὐκτ. ἰδοίμην· ἀπαρ. ἰδέσθαι· μετοχ. ἰδόμενος Ἡρόδ. 1) ὁρῶ, βλέπω, διακρίνω, θεωρῶ, μή σε... ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδωμαι θεινομένην, μήπως σὲ ἴδω πρὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν μου τυπτομένην, Ἰλ. Α. 587, κτλ.· οὕτως, ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν Εὐρ. Ὀρ. 1020· ἀλλ’ ἄγ’ ἐγὼν αὐτὸς πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι, ἀλλ’ ἂς δοκιμάσω ἐγὼ ὁ ἴδιος καὶ ἂς ἴδω, Ὀδ. Ζ. 126, πρβλ. Φ. 159· ὡσαύτως ἄνευ τοῦ πειράομαι, ὁ δὲ προμολὼν ἴδετο κρείων Ἐτεωνεὺς Δ. 22· ἀλλ’ ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα, ὅττι τάδ’ ἐστὶν Κ. 44· συχνάκις ἡγουμένου οὐσιαστικοῦ τινος ἢ ἐπιθέτου, χάλκε’ ἐπίσσωτρα.. θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι, νὰ τὰ βλέπῃ τις καὶ νὰ τὰ θαυμάζῃ, Ἰλ. Ε. 725· οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 238· ἐλεεινός, λαμπρὸς εἰδεῖν Πλάτ. Πολ. 620Α. κτλ.· ἐνίοτε τὸ ἰδεῖν καὶ τὸ ἰδέσθαι συντάσσονται αἰτιατικῇ, ᾗ ἕπεται ἀναφορικὴ πρότασις, ὅτε τὸ ἀναφορικὸν δύναται νὰ ἀντικατασταθῇ διὰ τοῦ ὅτι, ὥστε ἡ αἰτ. δὲν εἶναι κυρίως εἰπεῖν τὸ ἀντικείμενον, ἀλλ’ ἀνήκει εἰς τὸ ἐν τῇ ἀναφορικῇ προτάσει ῥῆμα, οἷον, εἶδον... νῆσον, τὴν πέρι πόντος ἐστεφάνωται Ὀδ. Κ. 195. β) μετ’ ἐπιτάσεως, βλέπω, παρατηρῶ, μῆλα ἰδέσθαι, ἰδεῖν τὰ πρόβατα Ἰλ. Δ. 476, Ὀδ. Δ. 412, κτλ.· ἴδωμ’ ὅτιν’ ἔργα τέτυκται Ἰλ. Χ. 450, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Γοργ. 455Α. γ) ἐντυγχάνω, συναντῶ, ἔρχομαι εἰς ὁμιλίαν, πρὶν τὸν Βρασίδαν ἰδεῖν Θουκ. 4. 125, Ξεν. Ἀν. 2. 4, 5, κτλ. δ) βλέπω, ὅ ἐ. λαμβάνω πεῖραν, δοκιμάζω, ἀπολαύω τινός, Ἰλ. Ε. 221, κτλ.· νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι Ὀδ. Γ. 233, κτλ.· δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν Εὐρ. Ἑκ. 56· ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 835· τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν Σοφ. Ἀντ. 1270· ἀλόχου κουριδίης, ἧς οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε, πολλὰ δ’ ἔδωκεν, «ἧς οὐδεμίαν ἀντίχαριν εἶδε, πολλὰ δὲ παρέσχετο» (Θ. Γαζῆς), Ἰλ. Λ. 243. 2) βλέπω, κυττάζω, ἰδεῖν ἐς..., βλέπω πρός, ἢ εἰς, ἰδὼς ἐς πλησίον ἄλλον Β. 271, κτλ.· ἰδεῖν ἐπὶ... Ψ. 143· πρὸς... Ὀδ. Μ. 244· εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι, ἰδεῖν κατὰ πρόσωπον, Ἰλ. Ι. 373, κτλ.· κατ’ ἐνῶπα ἰδεῖν Ο. 320· ἄντα, ἐσάντα ἢ ἄντην ἰδεῖν Ν. 184, Ρ. 334, Ὀδ. Ε. 78, κτλ. β) βλέπω κατά τινα τρόπον, ὑπόδρα ἰδών, κάτωθεν ἢ πλαγίως ἰδών, ῥίψας βλέμμα βλοσυρόν, ὀργίλον, «ἀγριοκυττάξας» (ἴδε ὑπόδρα), Ἰλ. Α. 148, ἀχρεῖον ἰδών, ῥίψας ἠλίθιον ἢ δειλὸν βλέμμα, Β. 269· κέρδος ἰδών, ἀποβλέψας εἰς κέρδος, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 539· πρβλ. βλέπω ΙΙ. 3) ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν, ἰδεῖν κατὰ διάνοιαν, Ἰλ. Φ. 61, πρβλ. Δ. 249, Ὀδ. Φ. 112· ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ Πλάτ. Πολ. 510Ε. β) ἐξετάζω, ἐξιχνιάζω, Πλάτ. Φαίδων 70D, Θεαίτ. 192Ε. ΙΙ. Μέσ., ἐνεστ. εἴδομαι, Ἐπ. ἐείδεται Θεόκρ. 25. 58, μετοχ. ἐειδόμενος Πινδ. Ν. 10. 27· ἀόρ. εἰσάμην (παρ’ Ὁμ. ὡσαύτως ἐείσαο, -ατο): - μόνον παρ’ Ἐπ. καὶ λυρ. ποιηταῖς, ὡς τὸ Λατ. videor, φαίνομαι, ὁρῶμαι, εἶμαι ὁρατός, πάντα δὲ τ’ εἴδεται ἄστρα, εἶναι ὁρατά, φαίνονται, Ἰλ. Θ. 559· νῦν δὲ εἴδεται ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι Ν. 98· εἴσατο δέ σφιν δεξιὸς ἀΐξας δι’ ἄστεος (ὁ ἀετὸς) Ω. 319· ὅπῃ τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον Ἐπιγράμμ. Ἑλλ. 1034. 19, πρβλ. Ὀδ. Ε. 283. 2) μετ’ ἀπαρ., φαίνομαι ἢ φαίνομαι ὅτι εἶμαι, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι, «τοῦτο δέ σοι θάνατος φαίνεται ὑπάρχειν» (Θ. Γαζῆς), Ἰλ. Α. 228· τοῦτό τί μοι... κάλλιστον εἴδεται εἶναι Ὀδ. Ι. 11, κτλ.· ὡσαύτως παραλειπομένου τοῦ ἀπαρεμφάτου, ἀλλ’ ἄρα οἱ τόγε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ Τ. 283, κτλ.· οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται Ἰλ. Ξ. 472· πρβλ. Θεόκρ. 25. 58: - ἐντεῦθεν ὡσαύτως, προσποιοῦμαι, εἴσατ’ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον, (ὁ Ἥφαιστος) προσεποιήσατο ὅτι ἀπήρχετο εἰς Λῆμνον, Ὀδ. Θ. 283· εἴσατο, ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν, ἐφαίνετο ὡς ἀσπίς, εἶχε τὸ σχῆμα ἀσπίδος, Ε. 281, ἀλλὰ τὸ χωρίον φαίνεται ὕποπτον. 3) ἐπὶ καθαρῶς μέσης σημασ. μετὰ δοτ., εἴσατο δὲ φθογγὴν υἷϊ Πριάμοιο Πολίτῃ, ὡμοίωσε δὲ ἑαυτὴν κατὰ τὴν φωνὴν τῷ τοῦ Πριάμου υἱῷ Πολίτῃ, Ἰλ. Β. 791, πρβλ. Υ. 81· καὶ οἱ ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος ἀθανάτων βασιλεὺς Πινδ. Ν. 10. 28· πρβλ. Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 771, Ἡρόδ. 6. 69· τῇ μιν ἐεισάμενη προσεφώνεε δῖ’ Ἀφροδίτη, «ταύτῃ ὁμοιωθεῖσα ἡ ἔνδοξος Ἀφροδίτη εἶπε πρὸς αὐτὴν» (Θ. Γαζῆς), Ἰλ. Γ. 389, κ. ἀλλ. Β. πρκμ. οἶδα, ἔχω ἴδῃ ἢ ἔχω παρατηρήσῃ, δηλ. γνωρίζω, μετὰ σημασίας ἐνεστῶτος· ὁ ὑπερσ. ᾔδειν, ᾔδεα, Ἀττ. ᾔδη, μετὰ σημασ. παρατ. Οἱ τύποι εἶναι τόσον ἀνώμαλοι ἐν τῷ πρκμ. καὶ ὑπερσυντ., ὥστε δὲν εἶναι δυνατὸν νὰ παρατεθῶσιν ἐνταῦθα ἅπαντες· ἴδε Ἑλληνικὰ Ρήματα Veitch 188 κἑξ. - Πρκμ. οἶδα, Αἰολ. ὄϊδα Ἀλκαῖος 141· β΄ ἑνικ. οἶσθα, ὡς ἀείποτε παρ’ Ὁμ., πλὴν ἐν Ὀδ. Α. 337 (ἔνθα οἶδας· ὅπερ εἶναι σπάνιος τύπος ἀπαντῶν ἐν Ὕμν. Ὁμ. εἰς Ἑρμ. 456, 467, Εὐρ. Ἀλκ. 780), παρ’ Ἀττ. ὡσαύτως ἐνίοτε οἶσθας Κρατῖν. ἐν «Μαλθακοῖς» 10, Εὐρ. Ἴων 999, Ἄλκ. 780· πληθ. ἴσμεν, Ἐπ. καὶ Δωρ. ἴδμεν, ἴστε, ἴσασι ῐσ- Ὀδ. Β. 211 κ. ἀλλ., ῑσ- αὐτόθι 283 κ. ἀλλ.· Δωρ. ἴσατι Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 5773. 4, πληθ. ἴσαντι Πίνδ.· οἴδαμεν, -ατε, -ᾰσι Ἡρόδ. 2. 17, 43., 4. 46, κ. ἀλλ., καὶ μεταγεν.· ἀλλὰ σπάνιον παρ’ Ἀττ., Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 294, Ξεν. Οἰκ. 20. 14· - προστακτ. ἴσθι, ἴστω, Βοιωτ. ἴττω· - ὑποτακ. εἰδῶ, Ἐπ. ἰδέω Ἰλ. Ξ. 235. εἴδομεν Ἐπ. ἀντὶ εἰδῶμεν Α. 363, εἴδετε ἀντὶ εἰδῆτε Ὀδ. Ι. 17· - εὐκτ. εἰδείην, α΄ πληθ. εἰδεῖμεν Πλάτ. Λάχ. 190B, Πολ. 582Α· ἀπαρ. εἰδέναι, Ἐπ. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, ὡσαύτως ἰδέμεν. Πινδ. Ν. 7. 36· - μετοχ. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Ἐπ. ὡσαύτως ἰδυῖα, Ὑπερσυντ. ᾔδη, ᾔδησθα (ᾔδης (ἤδησθα Κόβητος) Σοφ. Ἀντ. 447), ᾔδη Ὅμ., Ἀττ.· ὡσαύτως ᾔδεις Ἀριστοφ. Θεσμ. 554, Ἀντιφῶν, γ΄ ἑνικ. ᾔδειν (πρὸ φωνήεντος) Εὐρ. Ἴων. 1187, Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 558· Ἰων. ᾔδεα, ᾔδεε Ἰλ. Ξ. 71., Ρ. 402, Ἡρόδ.· Ἐπ. ὡσαύτως ἠείδης, ἠείδη Ἰλ. Χ. 280, Ὀδ. Ι. 206: - πληθ. ᾔδειμεν Αἰσχίν. 65. 24, Ἀριστ. Ἀναλυτ. Ὕστ. 1. 31, 4, ᾔδεμεν Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 1232· ᾔδειτε Δημ., κλ., Ἰων. ᾐδέατε Ἡρόδ.· ᾔδεισαν πρῶτον παρὰ Στράβωνι, ᾔδεσαν Ἡρόδ., Ἀττ. πεζογρ. καὶ τοῖς μεταγεν. Ἐπικοῖς· ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν Ἀπολλ. Ρόδ. Β. 65., Δ. 1700· ὁ γνήσιος Ἀττ. πληθ. φαίνεται ὅτι ἦτο ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1098, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 317, Εὐρ. Κύκλ. 321, κτλ., ἴδε Κόβητον V. LL. 380 Ἐπ. γ΄ πληθ. ἴσαν Ἰλ. Σ. 405, Ὀδ. Δ. 772. - Ὁ μέλλ. ἐπὶ ταύτης τῆς σημασίας εἶναι εἴσομαι Ἰλ. Α. 548, Ἀττ.· ἢ εἰδήσω Ὀδ. Η 327,· Ἡρόδ. 7. 234, Ἰσοκρ. 11E, Ἀριστ.· ἀπαρ. εἰδησέμεν Ὀδ. Ξ. 257 (ἔνθα σχεδὸν μεταπίπτει εἰς τὴν σημασ. Α, βλέπω). - Ὁ ἀορ. καὶ ὁ πρκμ. παραλαμβάνονται ἐκ τοῦ γιγνώσκω, ἂν καὶ εὑρίσκεται ἀόρ. α΄ εἰδῆσαι παρ’ Ἱππ. καὶ Ἀριστ. (Ἠθ. Ν. 8. 3, 8), κ. ἀλλ. Παρ’ Ὁμήρ. πρέπει νὰ ἑρμηνεύηται ἐνίοτε διὰ τοῦ γινώσκω, ἔχω γνῶσίν τινος, ἄλλοτε δὲ διὰ τοῦ γινώσκω, κατανοῶ, προσέτι διὰ τοῦ ἔχω μάθῃ ἐκ μακρᾶς πείρας καὶ γινώσκω (ὡς δύναται νὰ ἑρμηνευθῇ ἐν Ὀδ. Β. 16). - Παρ’ Ἀριστ. κεῖται παραπλησίως τῷ ἐπίστασθαι, γινώσκειν τι ἐπισταμένως ἢ ἐπιστημόνως, Μετὰ τὰ Φυσ. 1. 2, 3, Φυσ. 1. 1, 1, κ. ἀλλ.· - συχνάκις λαμβάνει μείζονα ἔμφασιν διὰ τοῦ εὖ ἢ σάφα, ὡς εὖ οἶδα, γινώσκω καλῶς· εὖ ἴσθι, γίνωσκε ἢ μάθε καλῶς, βεβαιώθητι. Συχνάκις δὲ συντάσσεται μετ’ αἰτ. πράγματος, ἰδίως παρ’ Ὁμ., νοήματα οἶδε, μήδεα οἶδε Ὀδ. Β. 122, Ἰλ. Σ. 363, κτλ.· καὶ ἔτι συχνότερον μετὰ οὐδετέρων ἐπιθέτων, ὡς, πεπνυμένα, κεχαρισμένα, φίλα, ἄρτια, ἤπια, κεδνά, ἀθεμίστια, εἰδώς, κτλ., πρὸς περιγραφὴν τοῦ χαρακτῆρος ἀνθρώπου· ὁ Ὅμ. ὡσαύτως συντάσσει αὐτὸ μετὰ γεν., ὅς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων Ἰλ. Μ. 229· ὅς πάσης εὖ εἰδῇ σοφίης Ο. 421· τόξων εὖ εἰδώς, «ὁ τὴν τοξικὴν καλῶς ἐπιστάμενος» (Θ. Γαζῆς), Β. 718· οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδὼς Ὀδ. Α. 202· εὖ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων Ε. 250· μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης Ἰλ. Β. 823· πυγμαχίης, θούριδος ἀλκῆς, θήρης, θεοπροπίων εἰδὼς ἢ εὖ εἰδώς, κτλ.: - χάριν εἰδέναι τινί, ὁμολογεῖν χάριν, ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι εἰδέω χάριν ἤματα πάντα Ἰλ. Ξ. 235, Ἡρόδ. 3. 21, καὶ συχν. παρ’ Ἀττ. (ἴδε ἐν λ. χάρις): - ἡ προστακτ. εἶναι κοινὴ ἐν ἐπικλήσεσιν εἰς μαρτυρίαν, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός, «γιγνωσκέτω, μάρτυς ἔστω αὐτὸς ὁ Ζεὺς» (Σχόλ.), Ἰλ. Κ. 329· ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα Ο. 36, κτλ.· Δωρ. ἴττω Ζεύς, ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς, κτλ., Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 860, κτλ.: - εἰδώς, ἀπολ., ὁ γινώσκων, ὁ γνωρίζων τὸ πρᾶγμα, ἰδυίῃ πάντ’ ἀγορεύω Ἰλ. Α. 365· μετ’ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν Κ. 250· μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν Θουκ. 2. 36, πρβλ. 3. 53· μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος Πλάτ. Πολ. 337D, κτλ.· παρ’ Ὁμ. ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι, «ἐπιστήμοσι, ἐμπείροις φρεσί, διανοίαις» (Σχόλ.), Ἰλ. Α. 608, κ. ἀλλ. 2) μετ’ ἀπαρ., γνωρίζω πῶς νὰ πράξω τι, οἶδ’ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ’ ἐπ’ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν Ἰλ. Η. 238, πρβλ. Σοφ. Φ. 1010, Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 376· ὡσαύτως εἶμαι εἰς κατάστασιν, εἶμαι ἱκανός, ἔχω τὴν δύναμιν νὰ..., Εὐρ. Μήδ. 664, Ἱππ. 729, Δημ. 51. 28. 3) μετὰ μετοχ., γνωρίζω πῶς ἔχει τὸ πρᾶγμα· κεῖται δὲ ἡ μετοχὴ κατ’ ὀνομαστ., ὅταν εἶναι κατηγορούμενον τοῦ ὑποκειμένου τοῦ ῥήματος, ὡς ἴσθι μοι δώσων ἄποινα τῆσδε μωρίας χάριν Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1670· ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανὼν Ἡροδ. 4. 76· οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος Εὐρ. Ἑκ. 401· κατ’ αἰτ., ὅταν εἶναι κατηγορούμενον τοῦ ἀντικειμένου, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῶν ὄντας πικροὺς Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 234· τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα Θουκ. 1. 69: - τὸ ἀπαρεμφ. εἶναι λίαν σπάνιον ἐπὶ ταύτης τῆς ἐννοίας, Αἰσχύλ. Πέρσ. 413, Εὐρ. Ι. Α. 1005. 4) τὸ γιγνωκόμενον πρᾶγμα πολλάκις προστίθεται ὡς ἰδιαιτέρα πρότασις μετὰ τοῦ ὡς, ὅτι, κτλ., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ Σοφ. Ἠλ. 332· ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι Πλάτ. Πρωτ. 323B, κτλ. 5) οὐκ οἶδ’ εἰ..., δὲν γνωρίζω ἂν..., ἐμφαίνει ἔλλειψιν πίστεως ἢ ἀμφιβολίαν, ὡς τὸ Λατ. nescio an non..., τὸ ἂν ἐνίοτε μετατίθεται, ὡς οὐκ οἶδ’ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι Εὐρ. Ἄλκ. 48, ἔνθα ἴδε Monk: - ἐνίοτε τὸ ῥῆμα παραλείπεται μετὰ τὸ εἰ, ὡς οὐκ οἶδ’ εἴ τις ἄλλος, ἴσως οὐδεὶς ἄλλος, Ἰσοκρ. 116A, 234E. 6) ὅμοιαι ἐλλείψεις εἶναι συχναὶ μετ’ ἄλλων συνδέσμων, ὡς οὐκ οἶδ’ ὅπως ἢ ὅπῃ, δὲν γνωρίζω πῶς, Πλάτ. Πολ. 400B, κτλ.· οὐκ. οἶδ’ ὁπόθεν ὁ αὐτ. Κρατ. 396C. 7) οἶδα ἢ ἴσθι κεῖνται συχνάκις παρενθετικῶς, ὡς οἶδ’ ἐγὼ, Εὐρ. Μήδ. 948· σάφ’ οἶδα, εὖ οἶδα αὐτόθι 94, 963, κτλ.: - ὡσαύτως, οἶδ’ ὅτι, οἶσθ’ ὅτι, ἴσθ’ ὅτι, ἐλλειπτικαὶ φράσεις χρησιμεύουσαι πρὸς ἐνίσχυσιν διαβεβαιώσεώς τινος, πάρειμι δ’ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ’ ὅτι ἐνν. πάρειμι, γινώσκω τοῦτο καλῶς, Σοφ. Ἀντ. 276· οὕτως, εὖ οἶδ’ ὅτι, συχνὸν παρὰ Δημ., ὡς ἐν 110. 5· σάφ’ ἴσθ’ ὅτι Ἀριστοφ. Πλ. 889· - προσέτι, οἶσθ’ ὅ, οἶσθ’ ὡς, μετὰ προτακτ., εἶναι συνήθη παρ’ Ἀττ. ποιηταῖς, γραφόμενα ὡς ἐρώτησις, οἶσθ’ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; ὅπερ ἑρμηνεύεται ὑπὸ τοῦ Bentley (Emend. Menand. σ. 107) ὡς ἰσοδύναμον τῷ δρᾶσον - οἶσθ’ ὅ; κάμε - εἰξεύρεις τί; δηλ. σπεῦσον καὶ κάμε· ὡς τὸ Λατ. tange, sed scin’ quomodo? Πλαῦτος Rud. 3. 5, 18, - ὅπερ πράγματι εἶναι συγχώνευσις δύο συντάξεων, οἶσθ’ ὡς ποίησον; ἀντὶ τοῦ: οἶσθ’ ὡς δεῖ σε ποιῆσαι; ἢ οἶσθ’ ὥς σε κελεύω ποιῆσαι; Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 543, ἔνθα ἴδε ἐκτενῆ σημείωσιν Jebb· οἶσθ’... ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς; ὁ αὐτ. Ο. Κ. 75· οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω; Εὐρ. Ι. Τ. 1203· σπανιώτατα μετὰ τοῦ μέλλ., οἶσθ’ οὖν ὃ δράσεις (ἂν μὴ ἀναγνωστ. δρᾶσον) ὁ αὐτ. Κύκλ. 131· ἴδε Ἐλμσλ. ἐν Μηδ. 587. 8) ὑπερθετικὸν συχνάκις ἀκολουθεῖται ὑπὸ τῆς φράσεως ὧν ἴσμεν· πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴσμεν, ὁ πρῶτος ἐξ ὅσων γνωρίζομεν, Ἡρόδ. 1. 6, κτλ.· παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν Θουκ. 1. 4.
French (Bailly abrégé)
f. εἴσομαι ; ao.2 εἶδον > impér. ἴδε ou ἰδέ, sbj. ἰδῶ, opt. ἴδοιμι, inf. ἰδεῖν, part. ἰδών ; pf.2 οἶδα, au sens d’un prés. ; pqp. ᾔδειν, att. ᾔδη, au sens d’un impf.
1 voir, acc.;
2 regarder, examiner : ἔς ou πρός τινα, εἴς ou ἐπί τι, qqn ou qch ; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι IL, κατ’ ἐνῶπα ἰδεῖν IL, ἄντα ἰδεῖν IL ou ἔσαντα ἰδεῖν IL ou ἄντην ἰδεῖν OD regarder en face;
3 voir, avoir une entrevue : τινα, avec qqn;
4 fig. se représenter, se figurer;
Moy. εἴδομαι (ao.2 εἰδόμην > impér. ἰδοῦ, sbj. ἴδωμαι, opt. ἰδοίμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι, part. ἰδόμενος);
I. se faire voir :
1 se montrer, paraître : εἴδεται ἦμαρ IL le jour paraît;
2 paraître, sembler : τόγε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ OD cela lui parut dans son cœur plus avantageux;
3 avoir l’air, faire semblant, feindre de : ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον OD d’aller à Lemnos;
II. se rendre semblable ; avec double, rég. εἴδεσθαι φθογγήν τινι, se donner une voix semblable à celle de qqn, prendre la voix de qqn;
pf. οἶδα (q.v.).
Étymologie: R. Ϝιδ, voir = lat. video.
English (Autenrieth)
(root ϝιδ): an assumed pres., answering to the tenses enumerated below, meaning (I) see, seem, and (II) know.—I. (1) see, look, aor. 2 εἶδον, ἴδον, subj. ἴδω, ἴδωμι, opt. ἴδοιμι, imp. ἴδε, inf. ἰδεῖν, ἰδέειν, part. ἰδών, mid. aor. 2 ἰδόμην, ἴδοντο, εἴδοντο, subj. ἴδωμαι, opt. ἴδοιτο, imp. ἴδεσθε, inf. ἰδέσθαι.—(2) seem, appear, be like, pres. εἴδεται, part. εἰδόμενος, aor. 1 2 sing. ἐείσαο, 3 sing. ἐείσατο, εἴσατο, opt. εἴσαιτο, part. εἰσάμενος, ἐεισάμενος. The meanings need no special illustration; a difference between act. and mid. of signif. see is not to be sought. Metaph., ὄφρα ϝίδωμαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἠδὲ δαείω, Il. 21.71. Denoting resemblance, εἴσατο δὲ φθογγὴν υἷι Πριάμοιο Πολίτῃ, Il. 2.791, etc.—II. know, perf. οἶδα, οι<<><>>σθα (οἶδας), ἴδμεν, ἴστε, ἴσᾶς(<<><>>), subj. εἰδῶ, εἰδέω, εἴδομεν, εἴδετε, εἰδῶσι, opt. εἰδείην, imp. ἴσθ(ι), ἴστω, inf. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, ἰδυῖα, plup. ἤδε(α), ἠείδης and ᾔδησθα, ᾔδη and ῄδεε(ν) and ἠείδη, 3 pl. εἴσαν, fut. εἴσομαι, εἰδήσω, inf. εἰδήσειν, εἰδησέμεν: The meaning know comes as the result of have seen (cf. nosco, novi); with acc. οἶδα may mean ‘be skilled in,’ and w. inf. ‘know how,’ see esp. Il. 7.237-241; special phrase, χάριν εἰδέναι, ‘be grateful,’ ‘thankful’; another special signif., peculiar to Homer, is when the word denotes disposition or character, turn of mind; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισι, Od. 3.277; ἤπια εἰδέναι, so αἴσιμα, ἄρτια, ἀθεμίστια ϝειδώς, ‘a lawless spirit,’ Od. 9.189.
English (Strong)
a primary verb; used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent ὀπτάνομαι and ὁράω; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by implication, (in the perfect tense only) to know: be aware, behold, X can (+ not tell), consider, (have) know(-ledge), look (on), perceive, see, be sure, tell, understand, wish, wot. Compare ὀπτάνομαι.
Greek Monotonic
εἴδω: (√ϜΙΔ, Λατ. video), βλέπω· δεν χρησιμ. στον Ενεργ. ενεστ., αλλά χρησιμ. το ὁράω στη θέση του· ενεστ. στη Μέσ. υπάρχει, βλ. κατωτ.· ο αόρ. βʹ εἶδον διατηρεί την κύρια σημασία του «βλέπω»· αντίθ. ο παρακ. οἶδα (έχω δει) σημαίνει «γνωρίζω» και χρησιμ. ως ενεστ.
Α. αόρ. βʹ εἶδον, Επικ. χωρίς αύξ. ἴδον, Ιων. γʹ ενικ. ἴδεσκε· προστ. ἴδε (ως επίρρ. ἰδέ, ecce)· υποτ. ἴδω, Επικ. ἴδωμι· ευκτ. ἴδοιμι· απαρ. ἰδεῖν, Επικ. ἰδέειν, μτχ. ἰδών· απ' όπου σχηματίζεται μέλ. ἰδησῶ· Μέσ. αόρ. βʹ χρησιμ. με την ίδια σημασία, εἰδόμην, Επικ. ἰδόμην· προστ. ἰδοῦ (ως επίρρ. ἰδού, ecce)· υποτ. ἴδωμαι, ευκτ. ἰδοίμην, απαρ. ἰδέσθαι, μτχ. ἰδόμενος· ὄψομαι, χρησιμ. ως μέλ., ἑόρᾱκα ή ἑώρᾰκα, ως παρακ.·
I. 1. βλέπω, διακρίνω, αντικρύζω, παρατηρώ, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· μετά από ουσ., θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι, αυτό που είναι υπέροχο να το βλέπεις, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν, σε Αισχύλ.
2. κοιτάζω, προσβλέπω, ατενίζω, εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι, κοιτάζω στο πρόσωπο, κατά πρόσωπο, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. κ.λπ.
3. κοιτάζω με τον ένα ή τον άλλο τρόπο, ἀχρεῖον ἰδών, δείχνω ανήμπορος, αμήχανος, αδέξιος, στο ίδ.
4. βλέπω πνευματικά, διανοητικά, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν, «βλέπω στο μάτι του μυαλού του», σε Όμηρ.
II. 1. Μέσ. ενεστ. εἴδομαι, Επικ. γʹ ενικ. ἐείδεται, αόρ. αʹ εἰσάμην, Επικ. βʹ και γʹ πρόσ. ἐείσαο, -ατο, Λατ. videro, είμαι ορατός, φαίνομαι, εἴδεται ἄστρα, είναι ορατά, φαίνονται, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.
2. με απαρ., φαίνομαι ή φαίνομαι ότι είμαι, τοῦτό μοι κάλλιστον εἴδεται εἶναι, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· επίσης, με απαρ. που παραλείπεται, τόγεκέρδιον εἴσατο, στο ίδ.· ακόμη, εἴστα' ἴμεν, προσποιήθηκε ότι έφυγε, αποχώρησε, στο ίδ.
3. με αυστηρά Μέση σημασία, με δοτ., ἐείσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ, έκανε τον εαυτό της να ακουστεί όπως ο πολίτης, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· επίσης γίνομαι όμοιος (στη μορφή με κάποιον), στο ίδ. Β. παρακ. οἶδα, έχω δει, δηλ. γνωρίζω, ως ενεστ.· υπερσ. ᾔδειν, ᾔδεα, Αττ. ᾔδη, γνώριζα, ως παρατ.· βʹ ενικ. οἶσθα, σπανίως, οἶδας· πληθ. ἴσμεν (Επικ. και Δωρ. ἴδμεν), ἴστε, ἴσασι, σπανίως οἴδαμεν, -ατε, -ᾶσι· προστ. ἴσθι, ἴστω (Βοιωτ. ἴττω)· υποτ. εἰδῶ, Επικ. ἰδέω, πληθ. εἴδομεν, Επικ. αντί εἰδῶμεν, εἴδετε αντί εἴδητε, ευκτ. εἰδείην, απαρ. εἰδέναι, Επικ. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, μτχ. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Επικ. ἰδυῖα, υπερσ. ᾔδη, ᾔδησθα (σπανίως ᾔδης), ᾔδη· Αττ. επίσης ᾔδειν, Ιων. ᾔδεα, ᾔδεε· Επικ. επίσης ἠείδης, ἠείδη, Αττ. αʹ πληθ. ᾔδειμεν, ᾔδεμεν, βʹ πληθ. ᾔδειτε, γʹ πληθ. ᾔδεσαν· επίσης, βραχύτεροι τύποι ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, Επικ. γʹ πληθ. ἴσαν· μέλ. με την ίδια σημασία, εἴσομαι ή εἰδήσω, Επικ. απαρ. εἰδήσεμεν·
1. γνωρίζω, εὖ οἶδα, γνωρίζω καλά· εὖ ἴσθι, βεβαιώσου· συχνά με αιτ. πράγμ., νοήματα οἶδε, μήδεα οἶδε, είναι ἔμπειρος σε νουθεσίες, σε Όμηρ.· με επίθ. ουδ. γένους, πεπνυμένα, φίλα, ἀθεμίστια εἰδώς, στον ίδ.· επίσης με γεν., τόξων εὖ εἰδώς, επιδεξιότητα στη χρήση του τόξου· οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· χάριν εἰδέναι τινί, αναγνωρίζω τη χάρη, το χρέος σε κάποιον, οφείλω κάτι σε κάποιον, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. κ.λπ.· με προστ., σε ομολογίες, ἴστω Ζεὺς αὐτός, μάρτυς μου ο Δίας, στο ίδ.· Δωρ. ἴττω Ζεύς, ἴττω, σε Αριστοφ.· -εἰδώς απόλ., αυτός που γνωρίζει, εἰδυίῃ πάντ' ἀγορεύω, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι, με μορφωμένο μυαλό, στο ίδ.
2. με απαρ., γνωρίζω με ποιο τρόπο να πράξω, να κάνω κάτι, στο ίδ., σε Αττ.
3. με μτχ., γνωρίζω πώς έχει η κατάσταση, ἴσθι μοι δώσων, γνωρίζω ότι εσύ θα δώσεις, σε Αισχύλ.· τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐλθόντα, σε Θουκ.
4. οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ, δεν γνωρίζω αν..., δηλώνει δυσπιστία, ως το Λατ. nescio an non, οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι, σε Ευρ.
5. οἶδα ή ἴσθι συχνά παρενθετικά, οἶδ' ἐγώ, στον ίδ.· οἶδ' ὅτι, οἶσθ' ὅτι, ἴσθ' ὅτι, πάρειμι, σε Σοφ.· ομοίως, εὖ οἶδ' ὅτι, σε Δημ.· στους Τραγ. επίσης, οἶσθ' n δρᾶσον· ισοδύν. του δρᾶσον - οἶσθ' ὅ, κάνε ό,τι ξέρεις, δηλ. σπεύσε και πράξε, κάνε· οἶσθ' ὡς ποίησον κ.λπ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
εἴδω: (fut. εἴσομαι; aor. 2 εἶδον - imper. ἴδε и ἰδέ, conjct. ἰδῶ, inf. ἰδεῖν, part. ἰδών; pf. = praes. οἶδα, imper. ἴσθι, conjct. εἰδῶ, inf. εἰδέναι, part. εἰδώς; med.: εἴδομαι - поэт. тж. ἐείδομαι, aor. 2 εἰδόμην - эп. εἰσάμην и ἐεισάμην, дор. εἰδόμᾱν, imper. ἰδοῦ, conjct. ἴδωμαι, inf. ἰδέσθαι, part. ἰδόμενος)
1) видеть, созерцать (ἰδεῖν τινα и τι Plat., тж. ὀφθαλμοῖσιν или ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν Hom. и ἐν ὄμμασιν Eur.): οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν Aesch. жалкий на вид, душераздирающий: πῶς γὰρ κάτοιδ᾽ ὅν γ᾽ εἶδον οὐδεπώποτε; Soph. как узнать мне того, кого я никогда не видел?;
2) смотреть, глядеть (ἔς и πρός τινα, εἴς и ἐπί τι Hom.): ἄντα, ἔσαντα, ἄντην или κατ᾽ ἐνῶπα ἰδεῖν и εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι Hom. глядеть в лицо; ἰδεῖν τινα Thuc., Xen. повидаться с кем-л.: ἴδωμεν τί ποτε καὶ λέγομεν Plat. рассмотрим то, что мы говорим;
3) высматривать, искать: κέρδος ἰδών Aesch. корыстолюбивый, корыстный;
4) видеть, познавать, испытывать (ἦμαρ νόστιμον ἰδέσθαι Hom. и δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν Eur.);
5) воображать, представлять (ἰδέσθαι ἐνὶ φρεσίν Hom. и ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ Plat.);
6) med. виднеться, появляться (εἴδεται ἄστρα Hom.): εἴσατο δεξιός Hom. он показался справа;
7) med. казаться, представляться: τοῦτο τί μοι κάλλιστον εἴδεται εἶναι Hom. это кажется мне превосходным;
8) med. делать вид, притворяться: εἴσατ᾽ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον Hom. он сделал вид, будто направляется в Лемнос; εἴδεσθαι φθογγήν τινι Hom. подражать чьему-л. голосу;
9) med. уподобляться, быть похожим (εἰδόμενός τινι Pind., Aesch., Her.);
10) pf. = praes. быть осведомленным, (по)знать (τι Hom., Soph., Plat., Polyb., Plut. и περί τινος Hom., Arst.): ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότα ἴσθι μ᾽ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς Soph. знай, что ничто из того, что ты рассказываешь, мне неизвестно; μετ᾽ εἰδόσιν Hom. и ἐν εἰδόσιν Thuc. в присутствии сведущих людей; τοῦ εἰδέναι ὀρέγεσθαι Arst. стремиться к знанию; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς ποίησον; Soph. и οἶσθ᾽ ὃ δρᾶσον; Eur. знаешь, что сделай?, т. е. послушай, вот что я тебе скажу; σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι Arph. имей в виду, будь уверен; ἴστω νῦν Ζεύς Hom. и ἴττω Δεύς беот. Arph. пусть знает Зевс!, т. е. призываю в свидетели Зевса!;
11) pf. = praes. быть сведущим, уметь, мочь: τόξων εὖ εἰδώς Hom. прекрасно владеющий луком; οὐδὲν ᾔδει πλὴν τὸ προσταχθὲν ποιεῖν Soph. он умел лишь исполнять приказанное; προβάλλεσθαι δ᾽ οὔτ᾽ οἶδεν οὔτ᾽ ἐθέλει Dem. оказать же сопротивление он и не может, и не желает;
12) (о чувстве благодарности и т. п.) чувствовать, испытывать: φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν Hom. связанные взаимной дружбой; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί Hom., Her., Xen., Plat. питать чувство благодарности к, быть признательным кому-л.