animus

English > Greek (Woodhouse)

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subs.

See enmity.

Envy: P. and V. φθόνος, ὁ.

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

ănĭmus: i, m. a Graeco-Italic form of ἄνεμος = wind (as ego, lego, of ἐγώ, λέγω); cf. Sanscr. an = to breathe, anas = breath, anilas = wind; Goth. uz-ana = exspiro; Erse, anal = breath; Germ. Unst = a storm (so, sometimes); but Curt. does not extend the connection to ΑΩ, ἄημι = to blow; a modification of animus—by making which the Romans took a step in advance of the Greeks, who used ἡ ψυχή for both these ideas—is anima, which has the physical meaning of ἄνεμος, so that Cic. was theoretically right, but historically wrong, when he said, ipse animus ab animā dictus est, Tusc. 1, 9, 19; after the same analogy we have from ψύχω = to breathe, blow, ψυχή = breath, life, soul; from πνέω = to breathe, πνεῦμα = air, breath, life, in class. Greek, and = spirit, a spiritual being, in Hellenistic Greek; from spiro = to breathe, blow, spiritus = breath, breeze, energy, high spirit, and poet. and post-Aug. = soul, mind; the Engl. ghost = Germ. Geist may be comp. with Germ. giessen and χέω, to pour, and for this interchange of the ideas of gases and liquids, cf. Sol. 22: insula adspiratur freto Gallico, is flowed upon, washed, by the Gallic Strait; the Sanscr. ātman = breath, soul, with which comp. ἀϋτμή = breath; Germ. Odem = breath, and Athem = breath, soul, with which group Curt. connects αὔω, ἄημι; the Heb. = breath, life, soul; and = breath, wind, life, spirit, soul or mind.
I In a general sense, the rational soul in man (in opp. to the body, corpus, and to the physical life, anima), ἡ ψυχή: humanus animus decerptus ex mente divinā, Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38: Corpus animum praegravat, Atque affixit humo divinae particulam aurae, Hor. S. 2, 2, 77: credo deos immortales sparsisse animos in corpora humana, ut essent qui terras tuerentur etc., Cic. Sen. 21, 77: eas res tueor animi non corporis viribus, id. ib. 11, 38; so id. Off. 1, 23, 79: quae (res) vel infirmis corporibus animo tamen administratur, id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Off. 1, 29, 102: omnes animi cruciatus et corporis, id. Cat. 4, 5, 10: levantes Corpus et animum, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 141: formam et figuram animi magis quam corporis complecti, Tac. Agr. 46; id. H. 1, 22: animi validus et corpore ingens, id. A. 15, 53: Aristides primus animum pinxit et sensus hominis expressit, quae vocantur Graece ethe, item perturbationes, first painted the soul, put a soul into his figures, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 98 (cf.: animosa signa, life-like statues, Prop. 4, 8, 9): si nihil esset in eo (animo), nisi id, ut per eum viveremus, i. e. were it mere anima, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56: Singularis est quaedam natura atque vis animi, sejuncta ab his usitatis notisque naturis, i. e. the four material elements, id. ib. 1, 27, 66: Neque nos corpora sumus. Cum igitur nosce te dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum, id. ib. 1, 22, 52: In quo igitur loco est (animus)? Credo equidem in capite, id. ib. 1, 29, 70: corpora nostra, terreno principiorum genere confecta, ardore animi concalescunt, derive their heat from the fiery nature of the soul, id. ib. 1, 18, 42: Non valet tantum animus, ut se ipsum ipse videat: at, ut oculus, sic animus, se non videns alia cernit, id. ib. 1, 27, 67: foramina illa (the senses), quae patent ad animum a corpore, callidissimo artificio natura fabricata est, id. ib. 1, 20, 47: dum peregre est animus sine corpore velox, independently of the body, i. e. the mind roaming in thought, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 13: discessus animi a corpore, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 30, 72: cum nihil erit praeter animum, when there shall be nothing but the soul, when the soul shall be disembodied, id. ib. 1, 20, 47; so, animus vacans corpore, id. ib. 1, 22, 50; and: animus sine corpore, id. ib. 1, 22, 51: sine mente animoque nequit residere per artus pars ulla animaï, Lucr. 3, 398 (for the pleonasm here,
v. infra, II. A. 1.): Reliquorum sententiae spem adferunt posse animos, cum e corporibus excesserint in caelum pervenire, Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24: permanere animos arbitramur consensu nationum omnium, id. ib. 1, 16, 36: Pherecydes primus dixit animos esse hominum sempiternos, id. ib. 1, 16, 38: Quod ni ita se haberet, ut animi immortales essent, haud etc., id. Sen. 23, 82: immortalitas animorum, id. ib. 21, 78; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 14, 30: aeternitas animorum, id. ib. 1, 17, 39; 1, 22, 50 (for the plur. animorum, in this phrase, cf. Cic. Sen. 23, 84); for the atheistic notions about the soul, v. Lucr. bk. iii.—
II In a more restricted sense, the mind as thinking, feeling, willing, the intellect, the sensibility, and the will, acc. to the almost universally received division of the mental powers since the time of Kant (Diog. Laert. 8, 30, says that Pythagoras divided ἡ ψυχή into ὁ νοῦς, αἱ φρένες, and ὁ θυμός; and that man had ὁ νοῦς and ὁ θυμός in common with other animals, but he alone had αἱ φρένες. Here ὁ νοῦς and ὁ θυμός must denote the understanding and the sensibility, and αἱ φρένες, the reason. Plutarch de Placit. 4, 21, says that the Stoics called the supreme faculty of the mind (τὸ ἡγεμονικὸν τῆς ψυχῆς) ὁ λογισμός, reason. Cic. sometimes speaks of a twofold division; as, Est animus in partes tributus duas, quarum altera rationis est particeps, altera expers (i. e. τὸ λογιστικόν and τὸ ἄλογον of Plato; cf. Tert. Anim. 16), i. e. the reason or intellect and the sensibility, Tusc. 2, 21, 47; so id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 36, 132; id. Tusc 4, 5, 10; and again of a threefold; as, Plato triplicem finxit animum, cujus principatum, id est rationem in capite sicut in arce posuit, et duas partes (the two other parts) ei parere voluit, iram et cupiditatem, quas locis disclusit; iram in pectore, cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit, i. e. the reason or intellect, and the sensibility here resolved into desire and aversion, id. ib. 1, 10, 20; so id. Ac. 2, 39, 124. The will, ἡ βούλησις, voluntas, arbitrium, seems to have been sometimes merged in the sensibility, ὁ θυμός, animus, animi, sensus, and sometimes identified with the intellect or reason, ὁ νοῦς, ὁ λογισμός, mens, ratio).
The general power of perception and thought, the reason, intellect, mind (syn.: mens, ratio, ingenium), ὁ νοῦς: cogito cum meo animo, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; so Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 55: cum animis vestris cogitare, Cic. Agr. 2, 24: recordari cum animo, id. Clu. 25, 70; and without cum: animo meditari, Nep. Ages. 4, 1; cf. id. Ham. 4, 2: cogitare volvereque animo, Suet. Vesp. 5: animo cogitare, Vulg. Eccli. 37, 9: statuere apud animum, Liv. 34, 2: proposui in animo meo, Vulg. Eccli. 1, 12: nisi me animus fallit, hi sunt, etc., Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 23: in dubio est animus, Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; id. ib. prol. 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 29: animum ad se ipsum advocamus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75: lumen animi, ingenii consiliique tui, id. Rep. 6, 12 al.— For the sake of rhet. fulness, animus often has a synonym joined with it: Mens et animus et consilium et sententia civitatis posita est in legibus, Cic. Clu. 146: magnam cui mentem animumque Delius inspirat vates, Verg. A. 6, 11: complecti animo et cogitatione, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117; id. de Or. 1, 2, 6: animis et cogitatione comprehendere, id. Fl. 27, 66: cum omnia ratione animoque lustraris, id. Off. 1, 17, 56: animorum ingeniorumque naturale quoddam quasi pabulum consideratio naturae, id. Ac. 2, 41, 127.—Hence the expressions: agitatio animi, attentio, contentio; animi adversio; applicatio animi; judicium, opinio animorum, etc. (v. these vv.); and animum advertere, adjungere, adplicare, adpellere, inducere, etc. (v. these vv.).—
   2    Of particular faculties of mind, the memory: etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis, Ter. And. 1, 5, 46: An imprimi, quasi ceram, animum putamus etc. (an idea of Aristotle's), Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61: ex animo effluere, id. de Or. 2, 74, 300: omnia fert aetas, animum quoque; ... Nunc oblita mihi tot carmina, Verg. E. 9, 51.—
   3    Consciousness (physically considered) or the vital power, on which consciousness depends ( = conscientia, q. v. II. A., or anima, q. v. II. E.): vae miserae mihi. Animo malest: aquam velim, I'm fainting, my wits are going, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 33: reliquit animus Sextium gravibus acceptis vulneribus, Caes. B. G. 6, 38: Unā eademque viā sanguis animusque sequuntur, Verg. A. 10, 487: animusque reliquit euntem, Ov. M. 10, 459: nisi si timor abstulit omnem Sensum animumque, id. ib. 14, 177: linqui deinde animo et submitti genu coepit, Curt. 4, 6, 20: repente animo linqui solebat, Suet. Caes. 45: ad recreandos defectos animo puleio, Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152.—
   4    The conscience, in mal. part. (v. conscientia, II. B. 2. b.): cum conscius ipse animus se remordet, Lucr. 4, 1135: quos conscius animus exagitabat, Sall. C. 14, 3: suae malae cogitationes conscientiaeque animi terrent, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 67.—
   5    In Plaut. very freq., and once also in Cic., meton. for judicium, sententia, opinion, judgment; mostly meo quidem animo or meo animo, according to my mind, in my opinion, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 17: e meo quidem animo aliquanto facias rectius, si, etc., id. Aul. 3, 6, 3: meo quidem animo, hic tibi hodie evenit bonus, id. Bacch. 1, 1, 69; so id. Aul. 3, 5, 4; id. Curc. 4, 2, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 2, 10; id. Ep. 1, 2, 8; id. Poen. 1, 2, 23; id. Rud. 4, 4, 94; Cic. Sest. 22: edepol lenones meo animo novisti, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 19: nisi, ut meus est animus, fieri non posse arbitror, id. Cist. 1, 1, 5 (cf.: EX MEI ANIMI SENTENTIA, Inscr. Orell. 3665: ex animi tui sententiā, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108).—
   6    The imagination, the fancy (for which Cic. often uses cogitatio, as Ac. 2, 15, 48): cerno animo sepultam patriam, miseros atque insepultos acervos civium, Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11: fingere animo jubebat aliquem etc., id. Sen. 12, 41: Fingite animis; litterae enim sunt cogitationes nostrae, et quae volunt, sic intuentur, ut ea cernimus, quae videmus, id. Mil. 29, 79: Nihil animo videre poterant, id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38.—
   B The power of feeling, the sensibility, the heart, the feelings, affections, inclinations, disposition, passions (either honorable or base; syn.: sensus, adfectus, pectus, cor), ὁ θυμός.
In gen., heart, soul, spirit, feeling, inclination, affection, passion: Medea, animo aegra, amore saevo saucia, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 22 (cf. Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 36: animo hercle homo suo est miser): tu si animum vicisti potius quam animus te, est quod gaudeas, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27-29: harum scelera et lacrumae confictae dolis Redducunt animum aegrotum ad misericordiam, Ter. And. 3, 3, 27: Quo gemitu conversi animi (sunt), Verg. A. 2, 73: Hoc fletu concussi animi, id. ib. 9, 498; 4, 310: animum offendere, Cic. Lig. 4; id. Deiot. 33; so Vulg. Gen. 26, 35.—Mens and animus are often conjoined and contrasted, mind and heart (cf. the Homeric κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν, in mind and heart): mentem atque animum delectat suum, entertains his mind and delights his heart, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10: Satin tu sanus mentis aut animi tui? Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53: mala mens, malus animus, bad mind, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137: animum et mentem meam ipsā cogitatione hominum excellentium conformabam, Cic. Arch. 6, 14: Nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis, id. Sen. 11, 36: ut omnium mentes animosque perturbaret, Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 1, 21: Istuc mens animusque fert, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 8: Stare Socrates dicitur tamquam quodam recessu mentis atque animi facto a corpore, Gell. 2, 1; 15, 2, 7.— And very rarely with this order inverted: Jam vero animum ipsum mentemque hominis, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147: mente animoque nobiscum agunt, Tac. G. 29: quem nobis animum, quas mentes imprecentur, id. H. 1, 84; and sometimes pleon. without such distinction: in primis regina quietum Accipit in Teucros animum mentemque benignam, a quiet mind and kindly heart, Verg. A. 1, 304; so, pravitas animi atque ingenii, Vell. 2, 112, 7 (for mens et animus, etc., in the sense of thought, used as a pleonasm,
v. supra, II. A. 1.): Verum animus ubi semel se cupiditate devinxit malā, etc., Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34: animus perturbatus et incitatus nec cohibere se potest, nec quo loco vult insistere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41: animum comprimit, id. ib. 2, 22, 53: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior, id. ib. 4, 37, 81; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1: sed quid ego hic animo lamentor, Enn. Ann. 6, 40: tremere animo, Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4: ingentes animo concipit iras, Ov. M. 1, 166: exsultare animo, id. ib. 6, 514.—So often ex animo, from the heart, from the bottom of one's heart, deeply, truly, sincerely: Paulum interesse censes ex animo omnia facias an de industriā? from your heart or with some design, Ter. And. 4, 4, 55; id. Ad. 1, 1, 47: nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo, id. Heaut. 5, 2, 6: verbum ex animo dicere, id. Eun. 1, 2, 95: sive ex animo id fit sive simulate, Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 168: majore studio magisve ex animo petere non possum, id. Fam. 11, 22: ex animo vereque diligi, id. ib. 9, 6, 2: ex animo dolere, Hor. A. P. 432: quae (gentes) dederunt terram meam sibi cum gaudio et toto corde et ex animo, Vulg. Ezech. 36, 5; ib. Eph. 6, 6; ib. 1 Pet. 5, 3.—And with gen.
   (a)    With verbs: Quid illam miseram animi excrucias? Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 76; 4, 6, 65: Antipho me excruciat animi, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10: discrucior animi, id. Ad. 4, 4, 1: in spe pendebit animi, id. Heaut. 4, 4, 5: juvenemque animi miserata repressit, pitying him in her heart, θυμῷ φιλέουσά τε κηδομένη τε (Hom. Il. 1, 196), Verg. A. 10, 686.—
   (b)    With adjj.: aeger animi, Liv. 1, 58; 2, 36; 6, 10; Curt. 4, 3, 11; Tac. H. 3, 58: infelix animi, Verg. A. 4, 529: felix animi, Juv. 14, 159: victus animi, Verg. G. 4, 491: ferox animi, Tac. A. 1, 32: promptus animi, id. H. 2, 23: praestans animi, Verg. A. 12, 19: ingens animi, Tac. A. 1, 69 (for this gen. v. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Key, § 935; Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. v. 105; Draeger, Hist. Synt. I. p. 443).—
   b Meton., disposition, character (so, often ingenium): nimis paene animo es Molli, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 49: animo audaci proripit sese, Pac. Trag. Rel. p. 109 Rib.: petulans protervo, iracundo animo, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 1; id. Truc. 4, 3, 1: ubi te vidi animo esse omisso (omisso = neglegenti, Don.), Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 9; Cic. Fam. 2. 17 fin.: promptus animus vester, Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 2: animis estis simplicibus et mansuetis nimium creditis unicuique, Auct. ad Her. 4, 37: eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur, Sall. C. 14, 5: Hecabe, Non oblita animorum, annorum oblita suorum, Ov. M. 13, 550: Nihil est tam angusti animi tamque parvi, quam amare divitias, Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68: sordidus atque animi parvi, Hor. S. 1, 2, 10; Vell. 2, 25, 3: Drusus animi fluxioris erat, Suet. Tib. 52.—
   2    In particular, some one specific emotion, inclination, or passion (honorable or base; in this signif., in the poets and prose writers, very freq. in the plur.). —
   a Courage, spirit: ibi nostris animus additus est, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 94; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 31; id. And. 2, 1, 33: deficiens animo maesto cum corde jacebat, Lucr. 6, 1232: virtute atque animo resistere, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8: fac animo magno fortique sis, id. ib. 6, 14 fin.: Cassio animus accessit, et Parthis timor injectus est, id. Att. 5, 20, 3: nostris animus augetur, Caes. B. G. 7, 70: mihi in dies magis animus accenditur, Sall. C. 20, 6; Cic. Att. 5, 18; Liv. 8, 19; 44, 29: Nunc demum redit animus, Tac. Agr. 3: bellica Pallas adest, Datque animos, Ov. M. 5, 47: pares annis animisque, id. ib. 7, 558: cecidere illis animique manusque, id. ib. 7, 347 (cf.: tela viris animusque cadunt, id. F. 3, 225) et saep.—Hence, bono animo esse or uti, to be of good courage, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 5: Am. Bono animo es. So. Scin quam bono animo sim? Plaut. Am. 22, 39: In re malā animo si bono utare, adjuvat, id. Capt. 2, 1, 9: bono animo fac sis, Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 1: quin tu animo bono es, id. ib. 4, 2, 4: quare bono animo es, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 26; ib. Act. 18, 25; so also, satis animi, sufficient courage, Ov. M. 3, 559.—Also for hope: magnus mihi animus est, hodiernum diem initium libertatis fore, Tac. Agr, 30.—Trop., of the violent, stormy motion of the winds of Æolus: Aeolus mollitque animos et temperat iras, Verg. A. 1, 57.—Of a top: dant animos plagae, give it new force, quicker motion, Verg. A. 7, 383.— Of spirit in discourse: in Asinio Pollione et consilii et animi satis, Quint. 10, 1, 113. —
   b Haughtiness, arrogance, pride: quae civitas est in Asiā, quae unius tribuni militum animos ac spiritus capere possit? can bear the arrogance and pride, etc., Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 66: jam insolentiam norātis hominis: norātis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios, id. Clu. 39, 109; so id. Caecin. 11 al.; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 3 (cf.: quia paululum vobis accessit pecuniae, Sublati animi sunt, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 56).—
   c Violent passion, vehemence, wrath: animum vincere, iracundiam cohibere, etc., Cic. Marcell. 3: animum rege, qui nisi paret Imperat, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62: qui dominatur animo suo, Vulg. Prov. 16, 32.—So often in plur.; cf οἱ θυμοί: ego meos animos violentos meamque iram ex pectore jam promam, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 43: vince animos iramque tuam, Ov. H. 3, 85; id. M. 8, 583; Prop. 1, 5, 12: Parce tuis animis, vita, nocere tibi, id. 2, 5, 18: Sic longius aevum Destruit ingentes animos, Luc. 8, 28: coëunt sine more, sine arte, Tantum animis irāque, Stat. Th. 11, 525 al.—
   d Moderation, patience, calmness, contentedness, in the phrase aequus animus, an even mind: si est animus aequos tibi, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 10; id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145; and often in the abl., aequo animo, with even mind, patiently, etc.: aequo animo ferre, Ter. And. 2, 3, 23; Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; id. Sen. 23, 84; Nep. Dion. 6, 4; Liv. 5, 39: aequo animo esse, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7; ib. Judith, 7, 23: Aequo animo est? of merry heart (Gr. εὐθυμεῖ>), ib. Jac. 5, 13: animis aequis remittere, Cic. Clu. 2, 6: aequiore animo successorem opperiri, Suet. Tib. 25: haud aequioribus animis audire, Liv. 23, 22: sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; stultissimus iniquissimo. Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109; Sall. C. 3, 2; Suet. Aug. 56: iniquo animo, Att. Trag. Rel. p. 150 Rib.; Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Quint. 11, 1, 66.—
   e Agreeable feeling, pleasure, delight: cubat amans animo obsequens, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134: indulgent animis, et nulla quid utile cura est, Ov. M. 7, 566; so, esp. freq.: animi causā (in Plaut. once animi gratiā), for the sake of amusement, diversion (cf.: haec (animalia) alunt animi voluptatisque causā, Caes. B. G. 5, 12): Post animi causā mihi navem faciam, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 27; so id. Trin. 2, 2, 53; id. Ep. 1, 1, 43: liberare fidicinam animi gratiā, id. ib. 2, 2, 90: qui illud animi causā fecerit, hunc praedae causā quid facturum putabis? Cic. Phil. 7, 6: habet animi causā rus amoenum et suburbanum, id. Rosc. Am. 46 Matth.; cf. id. ib. § 134, and Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56; Cic. Fam. 7, 2: Romanos in illis munitionibus animine causā cotidie exerceri putatis? Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Plin. praef. 17 Sill.—
   f Disposition toward any one: hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut etc., Cic. Fam. 2, 1 fin.: meus animus erit in te semper, quem tu esse vis, id. ib. 5, 18 fin.: qui, quo animo inter nos simus, ignorant, id. ib. 3, 6; so id. ib. 4, 15; 5, 2: In quo in primis quo quisque animo, studio, benevolentiā fecerit, ponderandum est, id. Off. 1, 15, 49: quod (Allobroges) nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur, to be well disposed, Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin.—In the pregn. signif. of kind, friendly feeling, affection, kindness, liberality: animum fidemque praetorianorum erga se expertus est, Suet. Oth. 8: Nec non aurumque animusque Latino est, Verg. A. 12, 23.—Hence, meton., of a person who is loved, my heart, my soul: salve, anime mi, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 3: da, meus ocellus, mea rosa, mi anime, da, mea voluptas, id. As. 3, 3, 74; so id. ib. 5, 2, 90; id. Curc. 1, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 48; id. Most. 1, 4, 23; id. Men. 1, 3, 1; id. Mil. 4, 8, 20; id. Rud. 4, 8, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15 et saep. —
   C The power of willing, the will, inclination, desire, purpose, design, intention (syn.: voluntas, arbitrium, mens, consilium, propositum), ἡ βούλησις: qui rem publicam animo certo adjuverit, Att. Trag Rel. p. 182 Rib.: pro inperio tuo meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 23: Ex animique voluntate id procedere primum, goes forth at first from the inclination of the soul, Lucr. 2, 270; so, pro animi mei voluntate, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 8 (v. Manut. ad h.l.): teneo, quid animi vostri super hac re siet, Plaut. Am. prol. 58; 1, 1, 187: Nam si semel tuom animum ille intellexerit, Prius proditurum te etc., Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 69: Prius quam tuom ut sese habeat animum ad nuptias perspexerit, id. And. 2, 3, 4: Sin aliter animus voster est, ego etc., id. Ad. 3, 4, 46: Quid mi istaec narras? an quia non audisti, de hac re animus meus ut sit? id. Hec. 5, 2, 19: qui ab auro gazāque regiā manus, oculos, animum cohibere possit, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 66: istum exheredare in animo habebat, id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: nobis crat in animo Ciceronem ad Caesarem mittere, we had it in mind to send, etc., id. Fam. 14, 11; Serv. ad Cic. ib. 4, 12: hostes in foro constiterunt, hoc animo, ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 7, 28: insurrexerunt uno animo in Paulum, with one mind, Vulg. Act. 18, 12; 19, 29: persequi Jugurtham animus ardebat, Sall. J. 39, 5 Gerlach (others, animo, as Dietsch); so id. de Rep. Ord. 1, 8: in nova fert animus mutatas dicere formas, my mind inclines to tell of, etc., Ov. M. 1, 1.—Hence, est animus alicui, with inf., to have a mind for something, to aim at, etc.: omnibus unum Opprimere est animus, Ov. M. 5, 150: Sacra Jovi Stygio perficere est animus, Verg. A. 4, 639: Fuerat animus conjuratis corpus occisi in Tiberim trahere, Suet. Caes. 82 fin.; id. Oth. 6; cf. id. Calig. 56.—So, aliquid alicui in animo est, with inf., Tac. G. 3.—So, inducere in animum or animum, to resolve upon doing something; v. induco.—
   D Trop., of the principle of life and activity in irrational objects, as in Engl. the word mind is used.
   1    Of brutes: in bestiis, quarum animi sunt rationis expertes, whose minds, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 80: Sunt bestiae, in quibus etiam animorum aliquā ex parte motus quosdam videmus, id. Fin. 5, 14, 38: ut non inscite illud dictum videatur in sue, animum illi pecudi datum pro sale, ne putisceret, id. ib. 5, 13, 38, ubi v. Madv.: (apes Ingentes animos angusto in pectore versant, Verg. G. 4, 83: Illiusque animos, qui multos perdidit unus, Sumite serpentis, Ov. M. 3, 544: cum pecudes pro regionis caelique statu et habitum corporis et ingenium animi et pili colorem gerant, Col. 6, 1, 1: Umbria (boves progenerat) vastos nec minus probabiles animis quam corporibus, id. 6, 1, 2 si equum ipsum nudum et solum corpus ejus et animum contemplamur, App. de Deo Socr. 23 (so sometimes mens: iniquae mentis asellus, Hor. S. 1, 9, 20).—
   2    Of plants: haec quoque Exuerint silvestrem animum, i. e. naturam, ingenium, their wild nature, Verg. G. 2, 51.—
III Transf. Of God or the gods, as we say, the Divine Mind, the Mind of God: certe et deum ipsum et divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti possumus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51 (so mens, of God, id. ib. 1, 22, 66; id. Ac. 2, 41, 126): Tantaene animis caelestibus irae? Verg. A. 1, 11.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

ănĭmus,⁴ ī (cf. ἄνεμος), m., âme, esprit :
1 [en gén., principe distinct du corps, qui préside à l’activité d’un être vivant, homme ou animal : bestiarum animi sunt rationis expertes Cic. Tusc. 1, 80, l’âme des bêtes est privée de raison, cf. Fin. 5, 38
2 [siège de la pensée, ensemble des facultés de l’âme] : aut sensibus aut animo aliquid percipere Cic. de Or. 3, 67, percevoir qqch. soit par les sens soit par l’intelligence ; perfectæ eloquentiæ speciem animo videmus Cic. Or. 9, nous voyons par la pensée une image de l’éloquence idéale ; ab aliqua re animas avertere Cic. Or. 138, détourner les esprits de qqch. ; animis attentis Cic. Or. 197, les esprits étant attentifs ; numquam ex animo meo discedit illius viri memoria Cic. Rep. 6, 9, jamais le souvenir de cet homme ne sort de ma pensée ; si nihil animus præsentiret in posterum Cic. Arch. 29, si l’âme n’avait aucun pressentiment de l’avenir ; ita factus est animo et corpore, ut Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 126, il est fait de telle sorte au moral et au physique, que... || animum, mentem quam sæpe vocamus Lucr. 3, 94, l’esprit, ou la pensée, comme on l’appelle souvent ; animum atque animam dico conjuncta teneri inter se Lucr. 3, 136, je dis que l’esprit animus = λογικόν] et l’âme anima = ἄλογον] se tiennent unis ensemble étroitement || relinquit animus Sextium Cæs. G. 6, 38, 4, l’âme (le sentiment, la connaissance) abandonne Sextius [il s’évanouit] || meo quidem animo, à mon avis du moins, selon moi : Pl. Aul. 478 ; Cas. 570, etc.; Cic. Inv. 1, 5 ; Sest. 49 ; ex animi mei sententia Cic. Off. 3, 108, etc., en mon âme et conscience || habere aliquid cum animo Sall. J. 11, 8 ; in animo Sen. Vita b. 15, 5 ; Quint. 1, 3, 13, avoir qqch. dans l’esprit, dans la pensée, méditer qqch. ; in animo habere aliquem Sall. J. 24, 1, songer à qqn ; in animo habere [avec prop. inf.] Cato Agr. 1, 1 ; Cic. Fam. 13, 62, 1, penser que
3 [siège du désir et de la volonté] : animum vincere Cic. Marc. 8, se vaincre soi-même ; a scribendo prorsus abhorret animus Cic. Att. 2, 6, 1, je répugne tout à fait à écrire ; quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt Sall. J. 54, 4, chacun s’en va où le porte sa volonté ; impotens animus Cic. Phil. 5, 22, âme qui ne se maîtrise pas ; animi sui causa Cic. Pis. 65, pour son plaisir ; animi causa Cic. Phil. 7, 18 ; Cæs. G. 5, 12, 6, par goût, par amusement || [sorte de périphrase] : Divitiaci animum offendere Cæs. G. 1, 19, 2, blesser Divitiacus ; animi totius Galliæ Cæs. G. 1, 20, 4, toute la Gaule || intention : quo animo et quo consilio ad causam publicam accesserim Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 164, [je me rappellerai] dans quel esprit, dans quelle vue je me suis chargé de cette cause publique ; eo ad te animo venimus, ut de re publica esset silentium Cic. Br. 11, notre intention en venant te voir était de faire le silence sur les questions politiques ; hoc animo, ut Cæs. G. 7, 28, 1, avec l’intention de || mihi erat in animo ire in Epirum Cic. Att. 3, 21, j’avais l’intention d’aller en Épire ; in animo habeo facere aliquid, j’ai l’intention de faire qqch. : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69 ; 4, 68, etc. ; Cæs. G. 6, 7, 5 ; animum inducere, in animum inducere, v. inducere
4 [siège du sentiment et des passions] âme, cœur : curæ animi Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 137, les soucis de l’âme ; iratus animus tuus Cic. Sulla 47, ton âme irritée, ta colère : omnes animi cruciatus et corporis Cic. Cat. 4, 8, tous les tourments physiques et moraux ; ex animo, de cœur, sincèrement ; tranquillo animo esse Cic. CM 74, avoir l’âme tranquille ; imago animi voltus Cic. de Or. 3, 221, le visage est le miroir de l’âme ; gratus animus Cic. de Or. 2, 182, la reconnaissance ; magnus animus Cic. Rep. 1, 9, la grandeur d’âme || disposition d’esprit, sentiments : alieno animo esse in aliquem Cæs. C. 1, 6, 2 ; bono animo esse in aliquem Cæs. G. 1, 6, 3, avoir des sentiments hostiles, dévoués à l’égard de qqn ; pro mutuo inter nos animo Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 1, en raison des sentiments que nous avons l’un pour l’autre (en raison de notre mutuelle amitié) ; quo tandem animo sedetis, judices ? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 123, quelles sont enfin vos dispositions d’esprit en ce moment, juges ? cum istum animum habes Brut. d. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 1, disposé comme tu l’es ; ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum alacer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ac minime resistens ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est Cæs. G. 3, 19, 6, si pour entreprendre la guerre les Gaulois ont le cœur vif et prompt, en revanche ils ont pour supporter les revers une raison insuffisamment ferme et solide ; toto animo se dare rei Cic. Tusc. 5, 115, se donner de tout son cœur (tout entier) à qqch. ; totus et mente et animo Cæs. G. 6, 5, 1, tout entier et d’intelligence et de cœur ; uno animo atque una voce Cic. Font. 46, d’une seule âme et d’une seule voix || cœur, courage, énergie : alicui animum adferre Cic. Phil. 8, 22 [animum addere Pl. Amph. 250 ; facere Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6 ], donner du courage à qqn ; animum frangere, debilitare Cic. Sen. 36, briser, affaiblir le courage ; confirmare militum animos Cic. Phil. 5, 4, affermir le courage des soldats ; firmiore animo Cæs. C. 3, 86, 2, avec plus de résolution ; præsidio legionum addito nostris animus augetur Cæs. G. 7, 70, 3, l’appui des légions raffermit le moral des nôtres || au pl. : libros laudando animos mihi addidisti Cic. Att. 7, 2, 4, en louant l’ouvrage tu m’as redonné du cœur ; accendere militi animos Liv. 44, 3, 8 ; militum animos Liv. 2, 47, 4, allumer l’ardeur des soldats ; ferro et animis fretus Liv. 9, 40, 4, confiant dans ses armes et son courage || [au pl., en part.] fierté, audace : remittant spiritus, comprimant animos suos Cic. Fl. 52, qu’ils abattent leur orgueil, qu’ils répriment leur fierté ; insolentiam noratis hominis, noratis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios Cic. Clu. 109, vous connaissiez l’insolence du personnage, vous connaissiez son audace et ses prétentions tribunitiennes ; pone animos Virg. En. 11, 366, dépose ton caractère farouche
5 [terme de cajolerie] mi anime Pl. As. 664, ma chère âme, mon cœur, cf. As. 941 ; Bacch. 81 ; Curc. 99, etc.
6 [poét.] caractère, nature [en parl. de plantes] : exuere silvestrem animum Virg. G. 2, 51, dépouiller sa nature sauvage.