in: Difference between revisions
Τὸ γὰρ θανεῖν οὐκ αἰσχρόν, ἀλλ' αἰσχρῶς θανεῖν → Mors ipsa non est foeda, sed foede mori → Das Sterben bringt nicht Schmach, doch sterben in der Schmach
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|lshtext=<b>in</b>: ([[before]]<br /><b>I</b> b and p, im; [[before]] l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these [[consonants]]), an [[inseparable]] [[particle]] [[kindred]] [[with]] Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. ἀ-, ἀν;> Goth. and Germ. un-], [[which]] negatives the [[meaning]] of the [[noun]] or participle [[with]] [[which]] it is [[connected]]; Engl. un-, in-, not: [[impar]], [[unequal]]: [[intolerabilis]], [[unbearable]], [[intolerable]]: [[immitis]], not [[mild]], [[rude]], etc.<br /><b>in</b>: (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in [[ante]]-[[class]]. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. [[with]] abl. and acc. [kindr. [[with]] Sanscr. an; Greek ἐν, ἐν-θα, ἐν-θεν, εἰς,> i. e. ἐν-ς, ἀνά;> Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes [[either]] [[rest]] or [[motion]] [[within]] or [[into]] a [[place]] or [[thing]]; opp. to ex;<br /><b>I</b> in, [[within]], on, [[upon]], [[among]], at; [[into]], to, [[towards]].<br /><b>I</b> With abl.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[space]].<br /> <b>1</b> Lit., in ([[with]] abl. of the [[place]] or [[thing]] in [[which]]): aliorum [[fructus]] in [[terra]] est, aliorum et [[extra]], Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61: alii in corde, alii in cerebr?*! dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19: eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem [[Crassus]], id. Brut. 43, 161: qui sunt cives in [[eadem]] re publica, id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.: facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in [[qua]] [[idem]] conducat omnibus, id. ib.: T. [[Labienus]] ex [[loco]] superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus, Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4: [[quod]] si in [[scaena]], id est in contione [[verum]] valet, etc., Cic. Lael. 26, 97: in [[foro]] [[palam]] Syracusis, id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81: [[plures]] in eo [[loco]] [[sine]] vulnere [[quam]] in [[proelio]] aut [[fuga]] intereunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 35: tulit de caede, quae in [[Appia]] via facta esset, Cic. Mil. 6, 15: in via fornicata, Liv. 22, 36: vigebat in [[illa]] [[domo]] mos [[patrius]] et [[disciplina]], Cic. de Sen. 11, 37: in [[domo]] [[furtum]] [[factum]] ab eo qui domi fuit, Quint. 5, 10, 16: [[nupta]] in [[domo]], Liv. 6, 34, 9: copias in castris [[continent]], in, [[within]], Caes. B. C. 1, 66: cum in [[angusto]] quodam [[pulpito]] stans diceret, Quint. 11, 3, 130: se ac suos in vehiculo conspici, Liv. 5, 40, 10: [[malo]] in [[illa]] tua [[sedecula]] sedere, [[quam]] in istorum [[sella]] curuli, Cic. Att. 4, 10: sedere in solio, id. Fin. 2, 21, 66: Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna, id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. — Sometimes, also, [[with]] names of places: omnes se [[ultro]] sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182: [[heri]] [[aliquot]] adolescentuli coïimus in Piraeo, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1: [[navis]] et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6: [[complures]] (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit, Caes. B. C. 2, 18: caesos in Marathone ac Salamine, Quint. 12, 10, 24: in [[Berenice]] urbe Troglodytarum, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—<br /> <b>2</b> In indicating a [[multitude]] or [[number]], of, in, or [[among]] [[which]] a [[person]] or [[thing]] is, in, [[among]] (= gen. [[part]].): in his poëta hic [[nomen]] profitetur suum, Ter. Eun. prol. 3: [[Thales]], qui sapientissimus in [[septem]] fuit, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26: [[peto]] ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas, id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.: in perditis et desperatis, id. ib. 13, 56, 1: omnia quae [[secundum]] naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis, id. de Sen. 19, 71: [[dolor]] in maximis malis ducitur, id. Leg. 1, 11, 31: justissimus [[unus]] in [[Teucris]], Verg. A. 2, 426: cecidere in [[pugna]] ad duo milia ... in his quatuor Romani centuriones, Liv. 27, 12, 16: in diis et feminae sunt, Lact. 1, 16, 17.—<br /> <b>3</b> Of [[analogous]] relations of [[place]] or [[position]]: sedere in equo, on [[horseback]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 10: [[quid]] legati in equis, id. Pis. 25, 60: sedere in leone, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109: in eo flumine [[pons]] erat, on, [[over]], Caes. B. G. 2, 5: in herboso Apidano, on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6: in digitis, on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267: [[castra]] in limite locat, on the [[rampart]], Tac. A. 1, 50: [[ipse]] coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo, on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27: oleae in arbore, Cels. 2, 24: Caesaris in barbaris erat [[nomen]] obscurius, [[among]], Caes. B. C. 1, 61: in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat, Liv. 25, 16, 7: in juvenibus, Quint. 11, 1, 32: [[nutus]] in mutis pro sermone est, id. 11, 3, 66.—Of [[dress]], [[like]] cum, q. v.: in veste candida, Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3: in calceis, id. 24, 38, 2: in insignibus, id. 5, 41, 2: in tunicis albis, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13: in Persico et vulgari habitu, Curt. 3, 3, 4: in lugubri veste, id. 10, 5, 17: in Tyriis, Ov. A. A. 2, 297: in Cois, id. ib. v. 298; cf.: homines in catenis Romam mittere, Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: [[quis]] [[multa]] te in [[rosa]] urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in [[viola]] aut in [[rosa]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 73.—So of [[arms]]: duas legiones in armis, Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395: in armis [[hostis]], under [[arms]], Ov. M. 12,65: quae in [[ore]] [[atque]] in oculis provinciae [[gesta]] sunt (= [[coram]]), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so, in oculis provinciae, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2: in oculis omnium, id. ib. 1, 3, 7: [[divitiae]], [[decus]], [[gloria]] in oculis sita sunt, Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6: Julianus in [[ore]] ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur, Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a [[passage]] in [[any]] [[writing]] ([[but]] [[when]] the [[author]] is named, by meton., for his works, [[apud]] is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561): in populorum institutis aut legibus, Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42: in illis libris qui sunt de [[natura]] deorum, id. Fat. 1, 1: in Timaeo dicit, id. N. D. 1, 12, 30: [[epistula]], in [[qua]] omnia perscripta erant, Nep. Pelop. 3, 2: perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; [[but]] in is also used [[with]] an [[author]]'s [[name]] [[when]], not a [[place]] in his [[book]], [[but]] a [[feature]] of his [[style]], etc., is referred to: in Thucydide orbem [[modo]] orationis [[desidero]], Cic. Or. 71, 234: in Herodoto omnia [[leniter]] fluunt, Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books: libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt, Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; [[but]] [[more]] freq. trop.: in manibus habere, [[tenere]], etc., to be [[engaged]], [[occupied]] [[with]], to [[have]] under [[control]] or [[within]] [[reach]]: philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus, id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18: [[quam]] spem [[nunc]] habeat in manibus, exponam, id. Verr. 1, 6, 16: rem habere in manibus, id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.: [[neque]] mihi in manu fuit [[Jugurtha]] [[qualis]] foret, in my [[power]], Sall. J. 14, 4: [[postquam]] [[nihil]] esse in manu sua respondebatur, Liv. 32, 24, 2: [[quod]] ipsorum in manu [[sit]], ... [[bellum]] an pacem malint, Tac. A. 2, 46; [[but]], cum [[tantum]] belli in manibus esset, [[was]] in [[hand]], busied (cf.: [[inter]] [[manus]]), Liv. 4, 57, 1; so, quorum epistulas in manu [[teneo]], Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2: in manu [[poculum]] tenens, id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71: coronati et lauream in manu tenentes, Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin.—Of [[that]] [[which]] is [[thought]] of as existing in the [[mind]], [[memory]], [[character]], etc.: in [[animo]] esse, Cic. Fam. 14, 11: in [[animo]] habere, id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: lex est [[ratio]] insita in [[natura]], id. Leg. 1, 6, 18: in [[memoria]] sedere, id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.: [[tacito]] mutos volvunt in pectore [[questus]], Luc. 1, 247: quanta [[auctoritas]] fuit in C. Metello! Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a [[person]]'s qualities of [[mind]] or [[character]]: erat in eo [[summa]] [[eloquentia]], [[summa]] [[fides]], Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.: in omni animante est summum aliquid [[atque]] optimum, ut in equis, id. Fin. 4, 41, 37: si [[quid]] artis in medicis est, Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.: nibil esse in morte timendum, Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo [[loco]], in [[that]] [[state]] or [[condition]]: in eo [[enim]] [[loco]] res sunt nostrae, ut, etc., Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo [[loco]] essetis, [[quid]] aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so, quo in [[loco]], etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum [[fuga]], quo in [[loco]] res essent, cognovissent, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: videtis, quo in [[loco]] res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: [[quod]] [[ipse]], si in [[eodem]] [[loco]] esset, facturus fuerit, Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, [[without]] [[loco]], in eo esse ut, etc., to be in [[such]] a [[condition]], etc.: non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant, Liv. 30, 19, 3: cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret, id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. [[infra]]).—<br /> <b>B</b> In [[time]], indicating its [[duration]], in, [[during]], in the [[course]] of: feci ego [[istaec]] [[itidem]] in [[adulescentia]], in my [[youth]], [[when]] I [[was]] [[young]], Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6: in tempore hoc, Ter. And. 4, 5, 24: in hoc tempore, Tac. A. 13, 47: in tali tempore, Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.: in diebus paucis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 77: in brevi spatio, id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4: in [[qua]] aetate, Cic. Brut. 43 fin.: in ea aetate, Liv. 1, 57: in omni aetate, Cic. de Sen. 3, 9: in aetate, [[qua]] jam [[Alexander]] orbem terrarum subegisset, Suet. Caes. 7: [[qua]] (sc. [[Iphigenia]]) [[nihil]] erat in eo [[quidem]] [[anno]] natum pulchrius, in the [[course]] of, [[during]] the [[year]], Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo [[quidem]] [[anno]]): [[nihil]] in [[vita]] se [[simile]] fecisse, id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: [[nihil]] in [[vita]] vidit calamitatis A. [[Cluentius]]. id. Clu. 6, 18: in tota [[vita]] [[inconstans]], id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—<br /> <b>b</b> In tempore, at the [[right]] or [[proper]] [[time]], in [[time]] (Cic. uses [[only]] tempore; v. [[tempus]]): [[eccum]] ipsum [[video]] in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24: ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent, Liv. 33, 5: spreta in tempore [[gloria]] [[interdum]] cumulatior redit, id. 2, 47: rebellaturi, Tac. A. 12, 50: [[atque]] [[adeo]] in ipso tempore [[eccum]] ipsum [[obviam]], Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, [[opportune]]. Nos [[sine]] praepositione dicimus tempore et [[tempori]], [[Don]]. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—<br /> <b>c</b> In [[praesentia]] and in praesenti, at [[present]], [[now]], at this [[moment]], under these circumstances: sic [[enim]] mihi in [[praesentia]] occurrit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14: vestrae [[quidem]] cenae non [[solum]] in [[praesentia]], sed [[etiam]] [[postero]] [[die]] jucundae sunt, id. ib. 5, 35, 100: id [[quod]] unum [[maxime]] in [[praesentia]] desiderabatur, Liv. 21, 37: haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc., for the [[present]], Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—<br /> <b>d</b> With gerunds and fut. [[pass]]. participles, to [[indicate]] [[duration]] of [[time]], in: [[fit]], ut distrahatur in deliberando [[animus]], Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2: vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare, id. Fin. 2, 9, 26: [[quod]] in litteris dandis [[praeter]] consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat, id. Cat. 3, 3, 6: ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi [[tempus]] dimitteret, Caes. B. G. 2, 21: in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus, in laying [[waste]], id. ib. 5, 19: in excidenda [[Numantia]], Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76: cum in immolanda [[Iphigenia]] [[tristis]] [[Calchas]] esset, id. Or. 21, 74.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, [[where]] a [[person]] or [[thing]] is [[thought]] of as in a [[certain]] [[condition]], [[situation]], or [[relation]], in: qui magno in aere [[alieno]] majores [[etiam]] possessiones habent, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18: se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare, id. Cat. 2, 9, 20: [[Larinum]] in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit, id. Clu. 8, 25.— So freq., of qualities or states of [[mind]]: [[summa]] in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: torpescentne dextrae in [[amentia]] [[illa]]? Liv. 23, 9, 7: hunc diem perpetuum in [[laetitia]] degere, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2: in metu, Tac. A. 14, 43: in voluptate, Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62: alicui in amore esse, [[beloved]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3: alicui in amoribus esse, id. Att. 6, 1, 12: res in [[invidia]] erat, Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: [[sum]] in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10: num . . . Diogenem Stoicum coëgit in suis studiis obmutescere [[senectus]]? in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21: mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua [[diligentia]]: [[quod]] in summis tuis occupationibus mihi [[tamen]] rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti, [[even]] in, [[notwithstanding]] [[your]] [[great]] occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.— So freq., of [[business]], [[employment]], occupations, etc.: in [[aliqua]] re versari, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105: similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat, Curt. 5, 5, 23: in certamine armorum [[atque]] in omni [[palaestra]] [[quid]] [[satis]] recte cavetur, Quint. 9, 4, 8: agi in judiciis, id. 11, 1, 78: tum vos mihi essetis in consilio, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28: in actione ... dicere, Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an [[office]], [[magistracy]]: in quo tum magistratu [[forte]] [[Brutus]] erat, Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1: in eo magistratu pari [[diligentia]] se praebuit, Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. [[supra]]): in ea ipsa [[causa]] fuit eloquentissimus, Cic. Brut, 43, 160: qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in [[vitio]], [[quam]], etc., is in the [[wrong]], acts [[wrongly]], id. Off. 1, 7, 23: [[etsi]] hoc [[quidem]] est in [[vitio]], dissolutionem naturae tam [[valde]] perhorrescere, is [[wrong]], id. Fin. 5, 11, 31: non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis, id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.: an [[omnino]] nulla [[sit]] in eo genere [[distinctio]], id. Or. 61, 205: [[Drusus]] erat de praevaricatione [[absolutus]] in [[summa]] quatuor sententiis, on the [[whole]], Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.: et in omni [[summa]], ut mones, [[valde]] me ad [[otium]] pacemque [[converto]], id. ib. 3, 5, 5; [[but]], in [[summa]], sic [[maxime]] judex [[credit]], etc., in a [[word]], in [[fine]], Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8: horum (juvenum) [[inductio]] in parte [[simulacrum]] decurrentis [[exercitus]] erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii [[quam]] [[militaris]] artis, in [[part]], Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.: [[quod]] mihi in parte [[verum]] videtur, Quint. 2, 8, 6: patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior [[interrogatio]] est, id. 5, 7, 22: hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt, in the [[case]] of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21: in furibus aerarii, Sall. C. 52, 12: [[Achilles]] [[talis]] in hoste fuit, Verg. A. 2, 540: in hoc homine [[saepe]] a me quaeris, etc., in the [[case]] of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15: [[suspectus]] et in morte matris fuit, Suet. Vit. 14: qui praesentes metuunt, in [[absentia]] hostes erunt, = absentes, Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. [[supra]]).—Of the [[meaning]] of words, etc.: non [[solum]] in [[eodem]] sensu, sed [[etiam]] in diverso, [[eadem]] verba [[contra]], Quint. 9, 3, 36: [[aliter]] voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur, id. 9, 3, 69: [[Sallustius]] in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit, Gell. 1, 22, 15: [[stips]] non dicitur in significatione trunci, [[Charis]]. 1, 18, 39: [[semper]] in significatione ea [[hortus]], Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —<br /> <b>2</b> In [[with]] abl. of adjj. is used [[with]] the verbs esse and habere to [[express]] [[quality]]: cum [[exitus]] [[haud]] in facili essent, i. e. [[haud]] faciles, Liv. 3, 8, 9: [[adeo]] [[moderatio]] tuendae libertatis in difficili est, id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; [[but]] [[mostly]] [[with]] adjj. of the [[first]] and [[second]] declension: in [[obscuro]] esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse, id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174: dum in dubiost [[animus]], Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10: in [[integro]] esse, Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4: in [[incerto]] esse, Liv. 5, 28, 5: in [[obvio]] esse, id. 37, 23, 1: in [[tuto]] esse, id. 38, 4, 10; cf.: videre te in [[tuto]], Cat. 30, 6: in [[aequo]] esse, Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44: in expedito esse, Curt. 4, 2, 22: in [[proximo]] esse, Quint. 1, 3, 4: in [[aperto]] esse, Sall. C. 5, 3: in promisco esse, Liv. 7, 17, 7: in [[augusto]] esse, Cels. 5, 27, 2: in [[incerto]] haberi, Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17: in levi habitum, id. H. 2, 21; cf.: in [[incerto]] relinquere, Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.<br /><b>II</b> With acc.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[space]], [[with]] verbs of [[motion]], [[into]] or to a [[place]] or [[thing]] ([[rarely]] [[with]] names of towns and [[small]] islands; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non [[tenuis]] [[quidam]] e [[Graecia]] [[rivulus]] in hanc urbem, Cic. Rep. 2, 19: in Ephesum advenit, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35: in Epirum venire, Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3: ibo in Piræeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso [[navis]] mercatoria, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: [[venio]] ad Piræea, in quo [[magis]] reprehendendus [[sum]], [[quod]] ... Piræea scripserim, non Piræeum, [[quam]] in [[quod]] addiderim; non [[enim]] hoc ut [[oppido]] praeposui, sed ut [[loco]], Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10: se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam, id. Rep. 2, 19: remigrare in domum veterem e nova, id. Ac. 1, 4, 13: cum in sua rura venerunt, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102: a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes, id. Fam. 15, 9: in Ubios legatos mittere, Caes. B. G. 4, 11: [[dein]] Thalam pervenit, in [[oppidum]] magnum et opulentum, Sall. J. 75, 1: Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat, Liv. 3, 58, 1: abire in exercitum, Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With [[nuntio]]: cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est, Tac. A. 4, 56: nuntiatur in [[castra]], Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.: allatis in [[castra]] nuntiis, Tac. H. 4, 32: in [[manus]] sumere, tradere, etc., [[into]] one's hands: [[iste]] unumquodque vas in [[manus]] sumere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63: Falerios se in [[manus]] Romanis tradidisse, Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely [[with]] the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to [[bring]] [[into]] ... and [[place]] [[there]]): in [[crimen]] [[populo]] ponere, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10: ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent, Caes. B. G. 4, 19: duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi, Liv. 29, 19, 7: [[prius]] me collocavi in arborem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6: sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in [[alias]] civitates collocasse, Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in [[any]] [[direction]], up to, to, [[into]], [[down]] to: in [[caelum]] ascendere, Cic. Lael. 23 fin.: filium [[ipse]] [[paene]] in umeros suos extulisset, id. de Or. 1, 53, 228: [[tamquam]] in aram confugitis ad deum, up to the [[altar]], id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25: Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso, Ov. M. 1, 113: in [[flumen]] deicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—<br /> <b>2</b> Denoting [[mere]] [[direction]] [[towards]] a [[place]] or [[thing]], and [[hence]] [[sometimes]] joined [[with]] [[versus]], [[towards]]: [[quid]] [[nunc]] supina [[sursum]] in [[caelum]] conspicis, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78: si in [[latus]] aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat, Cels. 2, 3: [[Belgae]] spectant in [[septentriones]] et orientem solem, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem [[etiam]] inspicitur, Tac. Agr. 10: in laevum prona [[nixus]] sedet [[Inachus]] [[urna]], Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With [[versus]]: [[castra]] ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos [[versus]], [[towards]], Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.: in Galliam [[versus]] movere, Sall. C. 56, 4: in ltaliam [[versus]], Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11: si in urbem [[versus]] venturi erant, Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —<br /> <b>3</b> So of [[that]] [[which]] is [[thought]] of as entering [[into]] the [[mind]], [[memory]], etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.): in memoriam reducere, Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98: in animum inducere, Liv. 27, 9: in mentem venire, Cic. Fam. 7, 3: [[frequens]] [[imitatio]] [[transit]] in [[mores]], Quint. 1, 11, 3. — Or [[into]] a [[writing]] or [[speech]]: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—<br /> <b>B</b> In [[time]], [[into]], [[till]], for: dormiet in lucem, [[into]] the [[daylight]], [[till]] [[broad]] [[day]], Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34: [[statim]] e somno, quem [[plerumque]] in diem extrahunt, lavantur, Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, [[deep]] [[into]] the [[night]], Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.: in multam noctem luxit, Suet. Tib. 74: si [[febris]] in noctem augetur, Cels. 7, 27: dixit in noctem [[atque]] [[etiam]] nocte illatis lucernis, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14: indutias in [[triginta]] annos impetraverunt, for [[thirty]] years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8: [[nisi]] id [[verbum]] in omne [[tempus]] perdidissem, forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem, for the [[following]] [[day]], id. Off. 3, 14, 58: audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium, id. Agr. 1, 2, 4: [[subito]] reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit, id. Mil. 9, 24: solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos, for [[many]] years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17: [[postero]] [[die]] Romani ab [[sole]] orto in [[multum]] diei stetere in acie, Liv. 27, 2: qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum, Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99: seritur ([[semen]] lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae, Col. 2, 10, 17.—With [[usque]]: [[neque]] [[illi]] didicerunt haec [[usque]] in senectutem, Quint. 12, 11, 20: in illum [[usque]] diem servati, id. 8, 3, 68: in [[serum]] [[usque]] patente cubiculo, Suet. Oth. 11: [[regnum]] trahat [[usque]] in tempora fati, Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in [[future]], for the [[future]]: in [[praesens]], for the [[present]]: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever: sancit in posterum, ne [[quis]], etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10: res dilata est in posterum, id. Fam. 10, 12, 3: [[video]] quanta [[tempestas]] invidiae nobis, si [[minus]] in [[praesens]], at in posteritatem impendeat, id. Cat. 1, 9, 22: id [[aegre]] et in [[praesentia]] hi passi et in futurum [[etiam]] metum ceperunt, Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.: ingenti omnium et in [[praesens]] [[laetitia]] et in futurum spe, id. 30, 17, 1: effugis in futurum, Tac. H. 1, 71: [[quod]] eum [[tibi]] quaestoris in [[loco]] constitueras, [[idcirco]] [[tibi]] amicum in perpetuum [[fore]] putasti? Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.: [[oppidum]] omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit, id. Fam. 13, 4, 2: quae (leges) non in [[tempus]] aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis [[causa]] in aeternum latae sunt, Liv. 34, 6, 4: in [[tempus]], for a [[while]], for a [[short]] [[time]], for the [[occasion]] (postAug.): sensit [[miles]] in [[tempus]] conficta, Tac. A. 1, 37: ne [[urbs]] [[sine]] imperio esset, in [[tempus]] deligebatur, qui jus redderet, id. ib. 6, 11: [[scaena]] in [[tempus]] structa, id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the [[day]], to [[meet]] the [[day]]'s [[want]]: [[nihil]] ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat, Liv. 22, 40, 8: [[rapto]] in diem frumento, id. 4, 10, 1; [[but]], cum [[illa]] fundum emisset in diem, i. e. a [[fixed]] [[day]] of [[payment]], Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos [[dies]], or [[simply]] in [[dies]], [[with]] comparatives and verbs denoting [[increase]], from [[day]] to [[day]], [[daily]]: [[vitium]] in [[dies]] crescit, Vell. 2, 5, 2: in [[dies]] singulos breviores litteras ad te [[mitto]], Cic. Att. 5, 7: qui senescat in [[dies]], Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, [[daily]]: nos in diem vivimus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33: in diem et horam, Hor. S. 2, 6, 47; and in horas, [[hourly]], id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, in [[which]] an aiming at, an inclining or [[striving]] [[towards]] a [[thing]], is [[conceivable]], on, [[about]], [[respecting]]; [[towards]], [[against]]; for, as; in, to; [[into]]: id, [[quod]] [[apud]] Platonem est in philosophos [[dictum]], [[about]] the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28: Callimachi [[epigramma]] in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est, id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.: cum cenaret [[Simonides]] [[apud]] Scopam cecinissetque id [[car]] men, [[quod]] in eum scripsisset, etc., id. de Or. 2, 86, 352: quo amore [[tandem]] inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam, [[towards]], id. ib. 1, 44, 196: in liberos nostros [[indulgentia]], id. ib. 2, 40, 168: de suis meritis in rem publicam [[aggressus]] est dicere, id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, [[against]], id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.: in dominum quaeri, to be examined as a [[witness]] [[against]], id. Mil. 22, 60: in eos impetum facere, id. Att. 2, 22, 1: invehi in Thebanos, Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3: quaecumque est hominis [[definitio]], una in omnes valet, id. Leg. 1, 10, 29: num [[etiam]] in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse? Liv. 7, 6, 11: [[vereor]] [[coram]] in os te laudare [[amplius]], to [[your]] [[face]], Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5: si in me exerciturus (pugnos), [[quaeso]], in parietem ut [[primum]] domes, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168: in puppim rediere rates, Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.: sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat [[enim]] in [[funus]]: cui funeri ego [[quoque]] operam dedi, to the [[funeral]], to [[take]] [[charge]] of the [[funeral]], Cic. Att. 15, 1, B: se [[quisque]] eum optabat, quem [[fortuna]] in id [[certamen]] legeret, Liv. 21, 42, 2: quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora [[fore]], Tac. A. 11, 6: haec [[civitas]] mulieri [[redimiculum]] praebeat, haec in [[collum]], haec in crines, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33: [[Rhegium]] [[quondam]] in [[praesidium]] [[missa]] [[legio]], Liv. 28, 28; so, datae in [[praesidium]] cohortes, Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc [[idem]] significat [[Graecus]] [[ille]] in eam sententiam [[versus]], to this [[effect]] or [[purport]], Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4: haec et in eam sententiam cum [[multa]] dixisset, id. Att. 2, 22: qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur, id. Fin. 3, 4, 12: in utramque partem disputat, on [[both]] sides, for and [[against]], id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te [[rogo]], me [[tibi]] in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.: facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt, id. Off. 2, 13, 46: cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati, in the [[manner]] of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.: miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt, id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5: [[senior]] [[quidam]] Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit, Liv. 5, 15, 4; also: [[domus]] et villae in urbium modum aedificatae, Sall. C. 12, 3: [[perinde]] ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15: judicium [[quin]] acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae [[Naevius]] edebat, non recusasse, id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.: [[senatusconsultum]] in haec verba [[factum]], Liv. 30, 43, 9: pax [[data]] Philippo in has leges est, id. 33, 30: [[Gallia]] [[omnis]] divisa est in partes [[tres]], Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.: quae [[quidem]] in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur, Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or [[over]] [[each]] [[state]], id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26: [[itaque]] Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse, id. Font. 5, 9: extulit eum [[plebs]] sextantibus collatis in capita, a [[head]], for [[each]] [[person]], Liv. 2, 33 fin.: Macedonibus [[treceni]] nummi in capita [[statutum]] est [[pretium]], id. 32, 17, 2; cf.: [[Thracia]] in Rhoemetalcen filium ... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. [[inter]]), Tac. A. 2, 67.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of the [[object]] or [[end]] in [[view]], regarded also as the [[motive]] of [[action]] or [[effect]]: non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit, Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16: neglegentior in patrem, Just. 32, 3, 1: in quem omnes intenderat curas, Curt. 3, 1, 21: quos ardere in proelia vidi, Verg. A. 2, 347: in [[bellum]] ardentes, Manil. 4, 220: nutante in fugam exercitu, Flor. 3, 10, 4: in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam [[vobis]] paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.), Liv. 21, 43, 7: certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent, id. 21, 45, 4: in id [[sors]] dejecta, id. 21, 42, 2: in id [[fide]] [[accepta]], id. 28, 17, 9: in spem pacis solutis animis, id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.: ingrata [[misero]] [[vita]] ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc., Hor. Epod. 17, 63: nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc., Sen. Ep. 16, 3: [[alius]] non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in [[quod]] tum missi? Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, [[like]] ad, [[with]] words expressing affections or [[inclination]] of the [[mind]]: in [[obsequium]] [[plus]] [[aequo]] [[pronus]], Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: [[paratus]] in res novas, Tac. H. 4, 32: in utrumque [[paratus]], Verg. A. 2, 61.—<br /> <b>3</b> Of the [[result]] of an [[act]] or [[effort]]: [[denique]] in familiae luctum [[atque]] in privignorum [[funus]] nupsit, Cic. Clu. 66, 188: paratusque [[miles]], ut [[ordo]] agminis in aciem adsisteret, Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae [[latus]] [[ingens]] rupis in [[antrum]], Verg. A. 6, 42: [[portus]] ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum, id. ib. 3, 533: populum in obsequia principum formavit, Just. 3, 2, 9: omnium partium [[decus]] in mercedem conruptum erat, Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch: commutari ex veris in falsa, Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18: in sollicitudinem versa [[fiducia]] est, Curt. 3, 8, 20.—<br /> <b>4</b> Esp. in the [[phrase]]: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in [[kindness]], to [[show]] [[favor]], [[out]] of [[good]] [[feeling]], to [[show]] [[honor]], etc., to [[any]] one ([[first]] in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4; Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere, Liv. 39, 26, 12: pugnaturi in gratiam ducis, id. 28, 21, 4: quorum in gratiam [[Saguntum]] deleverat [[Hannibal]], id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16: [[oratio]] habita in [[sexus]] honorem, Quint. 1, 1, 6: [[convivium]] in honorem victoriae, id. 11, 2, 12: in honorem Quadratillae, Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7: in honorem tuum, Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—<br /> <b>5</b> In the [[phrase]], in rem esse, to be [[useful]], to [[avail]] (cf.: e re esse; opp.: [[contra]] rem esse): ut aequom est, [[quod]] in rem esse utrique arbitremur, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10: si in rem est Bacchidis, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7: hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt, Liv. 26, 44, 7: [[cetera]], quae cognosse in rem erat, id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3: in rem [[fore]] credens universos adpellare, Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.: in duas res magnas id usui [[fore]], Liv. 37, 15, 7: in hos [[usus]], Verg. A. 4, 647.—<br /> <b>6</b> To form adverbial expressions: non [[nominatim]], qui Capuae, sed in universum qui [[usquam]] coissent, etc., in [[general]], Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.: [[terra]] [[etsi]] [[aliquanto]] specie differt, in universum [[tamen]] aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5: in universum aestimanti, etc., id. ib. 6: aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere), [[wholly]], [[entirely]], Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2: in plenum dici potest, etc., [[fully]], Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217: Marii virtutem in majus celebrare, [[beyond]] [[due]] bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5: [[aliter]] se [[corpus]] habere [[atque]] consuevit, [[neque]] in pejus [[tantum]], sed [[etiam]] in [[melius]], for the [[worse]], for the [[better]], Cels. 2, 2: in [[deterius]], Tac. A. 14, 43: in mollius, id. ib. 14, 39: [[quid]] [[enim]] est [[iracundia]] in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: [[civitas]] saepta muris [[neque]] in [[barbarum]] corrupta (v. [[barbarus]]), Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.: [[aucto]] in [[barbarum]] cognomento, id. H. 5, 2: priusquam id [[sors]] cerneret, in [[incertum]], ne [[quid]] [[gratia]] momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni, [[while]] the [[matter]] [[was]] [[uncertain]], Liv. 43, 12, 2: nec [[puer]] Iliacā [[quisquam]] de gente Latinos In [[tantum]] spe tollet avos, so [[much]], Verg. A. 6, 876: in [[tantum]] suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse, Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.: quaedam (aquae) [[fervent]] in [[tantum]], ut non possint esse usui, Sen. Q. N. 3, 24: viri in [[tantum]] boni, in [[quantum]] humana [[simplicitas]] intellegi potest, Vell. 2, 43, 4: [[quippe]] [[pedum]] digitos, in [[quantum]] quaeque secuta est, Traxit, Ov. M. 11, 71: meliore in omnia ingenio animoque [[quam]] [[fortuna]] [[usus]], in all respects, Vell. 2, 13: ut [[simul]] in omnia paremur, Quint. 11, 3, 25: in antecessum [[dare]], [[beforehand]], Sen. Ep. 118.—<br /> <b>7</b> Sometimes [[with]] esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to [[indicate]] a [[direction]], [[aim]], [[purpose]], etc. ([[but]] v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, [[note]], [[who]] regards these accusatives as originating in errors of [[pronunciation]]); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to [[come]] [[into]] and [[remain]] in one's [[power]]: esse in mentem alicui, to [[come]] [[into]] and be in one's [[mind]]: esse in conspectum, to [[appear]] to and be in [[sight]]: esse in usum, to [[come]] [[into]] [[use]], be used, etc.: [[quod]], qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38: ut [[portus]] in potestatem Locrensium esset, Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4: eam optimam rem publicam esse [[duco]], quae [[sit]] in potestatem optimorum, Cic. Leg. 3, 17: [[neque]] [[enim]] sunt [[motus]] in nostram potestatem, Quint. 6, 2, 29: [[numero]] mihi in mentem fuit, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.: ecquid in mentem est [[tibi]]? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53: nec [[prius]] surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, [[quam]], etc., Suet. Aug. 16: [[quod]] [[satis]] in usum fuit, sublato, [[ceterum]] omne [[incensum]] est, Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. [[with]] habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, [[call]] or [[bring]] to [[mind]], Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108: M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne [[quid]] rei bellicae gereret, [[prope]] in custodiam habitum, [[put]] in [[prison]], kept in [[prison]], Liv. 22, 25, 6: reliquos in custodiam habitos, Tac. H. 1, 87.—So [[rarely]] [[with]] [[other]] verbs: pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in [[senatus]] populique Romani potestatem, Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —<br /><b>III</b> In [[composition]], n [[regularly]] becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed [[before]] the labials [[into]] m: [[illabor]], [[immitto]], [[irrumpo]], [[imbibo]], [[impello]].—As to its [[meaning]], according as it is [[connected]] [[with]] a [[verb]] of [[rest]] or [[motion]], it conveys the [[idea]] of [[existence]] in a [[place]] or [[thing]], or of [[motion]], [[direction]], or [[inclination]] [[into]] or to a [[place]] or [[thing]]: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356. | |lshtext=<b>in</b>: ([[before]]<br /><b>I</b> b and p, im; [[before]] l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these [[consonants]]), an [[inseparable]] [[particle]] [[kindred]] [[with]] Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. ἀ-, ἀν;> Goth. and Germ. un-], [[which]] negatives the [[meaning]] of the [[noun]] or participle [[with]] [[which]] it is [[connected]]; Engl. un-, in-, not: [[impar]], [[unequal]]: [[intolerabilis]], [[unbearable]], [[intolerable]]: [[immitis]], not [[mild]], [[rude]], etc.<br /><b>in</b>: (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in [[ante]]-[[class]]. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. [[with]] abl. and acc. [kindr. [[with]] Sanscr. an; Greek ἐν, ἐν-θα, ἐν-θεν, εἰς,> i. e. ἐν-ς, ἀνά;> Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes [[either]] [[rest]] or [[motion]] [[within]] or [[into]] a [[place]] or [[thing]]; opp. to ex;<br /><b>I</b> in, [[within]], on, [[upon]], [[among]], at; [[into]], to, [[towards]].<br /><b>I</b> With abl.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[space]].<br /> <b>1</b> Lit., in ([[with]] abl. of the [[place]] or [[thing]] in [[which]]): aliorum [[fructus]] in [[terra]] est, aliorum et [[extra]], Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61: alii in corde, alii in cerebr?*! dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19: eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem [[Crassus]], id. Brut. 43, 161: qui sunt cives in [[eadem]] re publica, id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.: facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in [[qua]] [[idem]] conducat omnibus, id. ib.: T. [[Labienus]] ex [[loco]] superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus, Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4: [[quod]] si in [[scaena]], id est in contione [[verum]] valet, etc., Cic. Lael. 26, 97: in [[foro]] [[palam]] Syracusis, id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81: [[plures]] in eo [[loco]] [[sine]] vulnere [[quam]] in [[proelio]] aut [[fuga]] intereunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 35: tulit de caede, quae in [[Appia]] via facta esset, Cic. Mil. 6, 15: in via fornicata, Liv. 22, 36: vigebat in [[illa]] [[domo]] mos [[patrius]] et [[disciplina]], Cic. de Sen. 11, 37: in [[domo]] [[furtum]] [[factum]] ab eo qui domi fuit, Quint. 5, 10, 16: [[nupta]] in [[domo]], Liv. 6, 34, 9: copias in castris [[continent]], in, [[within]], Caes. B. C. 1, 66: cum in [[angusto]] quodam [[pulpito]] stans diceret, Quint. 11, 3, 130: se ac suos in vehiculo conspici, Liv. 5, 40, 10: [[malo]] in [[illa]] tua [[sedecula]] sedere, [[quam]] in istorum [[sella]] curuli, Cic. Att. 4, 10: sedere in solio, id. Fin. 2, 21, 66: Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna, id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. — Sometimes, also, [[with]] names of places: omnes se [[ultro]] sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182: [[heri]] [[aliquot]] adolescentuli coïimus in Piraeo, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1: [[navis]] et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6: [[complures]] (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit, Caes. B. C. 2, 18: caesos in Marathone ac Salamine, Quint. 12, 10, 24: in [[Berenice]] urbe Troglodytarum, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—<br /> <b>2</b> In indicating a [[multitude]] or [[number]], of, in, or [[among]] [[which]] a [[person]] or [[thing]] is, in, [[among]] (= gen. [[part]].): in his poëta hic [[nomen]] profitetur suum, Ter. Eun. prol. 3: [[Thales]], qui sapientissimus in [[septem]] fuit, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26: [[peto]] ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas, id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.: in perditis et desperatis, id. ib. 13, 56, 1: omnia quae [[secundum]] naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis, id. de Sen. 19, 71: [[dolor]] in maximis malis ducitur, id. Leg. 1, 11, 31: justissimus [[unus]] in [[Teucris]], Verg. A. 2, 426: cecidere in [[pugna]] ad duo milia ... in his quatuor Romani centuriones, Liv. 27, 12, 16: in diis et feminae sunt, Lact. 1, 16, 17.—<br /> <b>3</b> Of [[analogous]] relations of [[place]] or [[position]]: sedere in equo, on [[horseback]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 10: [[quid]] legati in equis, id. Pis. 25, 60: sedere in leone, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109: in eo flumine [[pons]] erat, on, [[over]], Caes. B. G. 2, 5: in herboso Apidano, on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6: in digitis, on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267: [[castra]] in limite locat, on the [[rampart]], Tac. A. 1, 50: [[ipse]] coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo, on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27: oleae in arbore, Cels. 2, 24: Caesaris in barbaris erat [[nomen]] obscurius, [[among]], Caes. B. C. 1, 61: in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat, Liv. 25, 16, 7: in juvenibus, Quint. 11, 1, 32: [[nutus]] in mutis pro sermone est, id. 11, 3, 66.—Of [[dress]], [[like]] cum, q. v.: in veste candida, Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3: in calceis, id. 24, 38, 2: in insignibus, id. 5, 41, 2: in tunicis albis, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13: in Persico et vulgari habitu, Curt. 3, 3, 4: in lugubri veste, id. 10, 5, 17: in Tyriis, Ov. A. A. 2, 297: in Cois, id. ib. v. 298; cf.: homines in catenis Romam mittere, Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: [[quis]] [[multa]] te in [[rosa]] urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in [[viola]] aut in [[rosa]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 73.—So of [[arms]]: duas legiones in armis, Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395: in armis [[hostis]], under [[arms]], Ov. M. 12,65: quae in [[ore]] [[atque]] in oculis provinciae [[gesta]] sunt (= [[coram]]), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so, in oculis provinciae, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2: in oculis omnium, id. ib. 1, 3, 7: [[divitiae]], [[decus]], [[gloria]] in oculis sita sunt, Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6: Julianus in [[ore]] ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur, Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a [[passage]] in [[any]] [[writing]] ([[but]] [[when]] the [[author]] is named, by meton., for his works, [[apud]] is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561): in populorum institutis aut legibus, Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42: in illis libris qui sunt de [[natura]] deorum, id. Fat. 1, 1: in Timaeo dicit, id. N. D. 1, 12, 30: [[epistula]], in [[qua]] omnia perscripta erant, Nep. Pelop. 3, 2: perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; [[but]] in is also used [[with]] an [[author]]'s [[name]] [[when]], not a [[place]] in his [[book]], [[but]] a [[feature]] of his [[style]], etc., is referred to: in Thucydide orbem [[modo]] orationis [[desidero]], Cic. Or. 71, 234: in Herodoto omnia [[leniter]] fluunt, Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books: libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt, Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; [[but]] [[more]] freq. trop.: in manibus habere, [[tenere]], etc., to be [[engaged]], [[occupied]] [[with]], to [[have]] under [[control]] or [[within]] [[reach]]: philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus, id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18: [[quam]] spem [[nunc]] habeat in manibus, exponam, id. Verr. 1, 6, 16: rem habere in manibus, id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.: [[neque]] mihi in manu fuit [[Jugurtha]] [[qualis]] foret, in my [[power]], Sall. J. 14, 4: [[postquam]] [[nihil]] esse in manu sua respondebatur, Liv. 32, 24, 2: [[quod]] ipsorum in manu [[sit]], ... [[bellum]] an pacem malint, Tac. A. 2, 46; [[but]], cum [[tantum]] belli in manibus esset, [[was]] in [[hand]], busied (cf.: [[inter]] [[manus]]), Liv. 4, 57, 1; so, quorum epistulas in manu [[teneo]], Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2: in manu [[poculum]] tenens, id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71: coronati et lauream in manu tenentes, Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin.—Of [[that]] [[which]] is [[thought]] of as existing in the [[mind]], [[memory]], [[character]], etc.: in [[animo]] esse, Cic. Fam. 14, 11: in [[animo]] habere, id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: lex est [[ratio]] insita in [[natura]], id. Leg. 1, 6, 18: in [[memoria]] sedere, id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.: [[tacito]] mutos volvunt in pectore [[questus]], Luc. 1, 247: quanta [[auctoritas]] fuit in C. Metello! Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a [[person]]'s qualities of [[mind]] or [[character]]: erat in eo [[summa]] [[eloquentia]], [[summa]] [[fides]], Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.: in omni animante est summum aliquid [[atque]] optimum, ut in equis, id. Fin. 4, 41, 37: si [[quid]] artis in medicis est, Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.: nibil esse in morte timendum, Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo [[loco]], in [[that]] [[state]] or [[condition]]: in eo [[enim]] [[loco]] res sunt nostrae, ut, etc., Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo [[loco]] essetis, [[quid]] aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so, quo in [[loco]], etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum [[fuga]], quo in [[loco]] res essent, cognovissent, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: videtis, quo in [[loco]] res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: [[quod]] [[ipse]], si in [[eodem]] [[loco]] esset, facturus fuerit, Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, [[without]] [[loco]], in eo esse ut, etc., to be in [[such]] a [[condition]], etc.: non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant, Liv. 30, 19, 3: cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret, id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. [[infra]]).—<br /> <b>B</b> In [[time]], indicating its [[duration]], in, [[during]], in the [[course]] of: feci ego [[istaec]] [[itidem]] in [[adulescentia]], in my [[youth]], [[when]] I [[was]] [[young]], Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6: in tempore hoc, Ter. And. 4, 5, 24: in hoc tempore, Tac. A. 13, 47: in tali tempore, Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.: in diebus paucis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 77: in brevi spatio, id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4: in [[qua]] aetate, Cic. Brut. 43 fin.: in ea aetate, Liv. 1, 57: in omni aetate, Cic. de Sen. 3, 9: in aetate, [[qua]] jam [[Alexander]] orbem terrarum subegisset, Suet. Caes. 7: [[qua]] (sc. [[Iphigenia]]) [[nihil]] erat in eo [[quidem]] [[anno]] natum pulchrius, in the [[course]] of, [[during]] the [[year]], Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo [[quidem]] [[anno]]): [[nihil]] in [[vita]] se [[simile]] fecisse, id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: [[nihil]] in [[vita]] vidit calamitatis A. [[Cluentius]]. id. Clu. 6, 18: in tota [[vita]] [[inconstans]], id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—<br /> <b>b</b> In tempore, at the [[right]] or [[proper]] [[time]], in [[time]] (Cic. uses [[only]] tempore; v. [[tempus]]): [[eccum]] ipsum [[video]] in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24: ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent, Liv. 33, 5: spreta in tempore [[gloria]] [[interdum]] cumulatior redit, id. 2, 47: rebellaturi, Tac. A. 12, 50: [[atque]] [[adeo]] in ipso tempore [[eccum]] ipsum [[obviam]], Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, [[opportune]]. Nos [[sine]] praepositione dicimus tempore et [[tempori]], [[Don]]. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—<br /> <b>c</b> In [[praesentia]] and in praesenti, at [[present]], [[now]], at this [[moment]], under these circumstances: sic [[enim]] mihi in [[praesentia]] occurrit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14: vestrae [[quidem]] cenae non [[solum]] in [[praesentia]], sed [[etiam]] [[postero]] [[die]] jucundae sunt, id. ib. 5, 35, 100: id [[quod]] unum [[maxime]] in [[praesentia]] desiderabatur, Liv. 21, 37: haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc., for the [[present]], Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—<br /> <b>d</b> With gerunds and fut. [[pass]]. participles, to [[indicate]] [[duration]] of [[time]], in: [[fit]], ut distrahatur in deliberando [[animus]], Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2: vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare, id. Fin. 2, 9, 26: [[quod]] in litteris dandis [[praeter]] consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat, id. Cat. 3, 3, 6: ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi [[tempus]] dimitteret, Caes. B. G. 2, 21: in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus, in laying [[waste]], id. ib. 5, 19: in excidenda [[Numantia]], Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76: cum in immolanda [[Iphigenia]] [[tristis]] [[Calchas]] esset, id. Or. 21, 74.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, [[where]] a [[person]] or [[thing]] is [[thought]] of as in a [[certain]] [[condition]], [[situation]], or [[relation]], in: qui magno in aere [[alieno]] majores [[etiam]] possessiones habent, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18: se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare, id. Cat. 2, 9, 20: [[Larinum]] in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit, id. Clu. 8, 25.— So freq., of qualities or states of [[mind]]: [[summa]] in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: torpescentne dextrae in [[amentia]] [[illa]]? Liv. 23, 9, 7: hunc diem perpetuum in [[laetitia]] degere, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2: in metu, Tac. A. 14, 43: in voluptate, Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62: alicui in amore esse, [[beloved]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3: alicui in amoribus esse, id. Att. 6, 1, 12: res in [[invidia]] erat, Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: [[sum]] in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10: num . . . Diogenem Stoicum coëgit in suis studiis obmutescere [[senectus]]? in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21: mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua [[diligentia]]: [[quod]] in summis tuis occupationibus mihi [[tamen]] rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti, [[even]] in, [[notwithstanding]] [[your]] [[great]] occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.— So freq., of [[business]], [[employment]], occupations, etc.: in [[aliqua]] re versari, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105: similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat, Curt. 5, 5, 23: in certamine armorum [[atque]] in omni [[palaestra]] [[quid]] [[satis]] recte cavetur, Quint. 9, 4, 8: agi in judiciis, id. 11, 1, 78: tum vos mihi essetis in consilio, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28: in actione ... dicere, Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an [[office]], [[magistracy]]: in quo tum magistratu [[forte]] [[Brutus]] erat, Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1: in eo magistratu pari [[diligentia]] se praebuit, Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. [[supra]]): in ea ipsa [[causa]] fuit eloquentissimus, Cic. Brut, 43, 160: qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in [[vitio]], [[quam]], etc., is in the [[wrong]], acts [[wrongly]], id. Off. 1, 7, 23: [[etsi]] hoc [[quidem]] est in [[vitio]], dissolutionem naturae tam [[valde]] perhorrescere, is [[wrong]], id. Fin. 5, 11, 31: non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis, id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.: an [[omnino]] nulla [[sit]] in eo genere [[distinctio]], id. Or. 61, 205: [[Drusus]] erat de praevaricatione [[absolutus]] in [[summa]] quatuor sententiis, on the [[whole]], Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.: et in omni [[summa]], ut mones, [[valde]] me ad [[otium]] pacemque [[converto]], id. ib. 3, 5, 5; [[but]], in [[summa]], sic [[maxime]] judex [[credit]], etc., in a [[word]], in [[fine]], Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8: horum (juvenum) [[inductio]] in parte [[simulacrum]] decurrentis [[exercitus]] erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii [[quam]] [[militaris]] artis, in [[part]], Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.: [[quod]] mihi in parte [[verum]] videtur, Quint. 2, 8, 6: patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior [[interrogatio]] est, id. 5, 7, 22: hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt, in the [[case]] of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21: in furibus aerarii, Sall. C. 52, 12: [[Achilles]] [[talis]] in hoste fuit, Verg. A. 2, 540: in hoc homine [[saepe]] a me quaeris, etc., in the [[case]] of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15: [[suspectus]] et in morte matris fuit, Suet. Vit. 14: qui praesentes metuunt, in [[absentia]] hostes erunt, = absentes, Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. [[supra]]).—Of the [[meaning]] of words, etc.: non [[solum]] in [[eodem]] sensu, sed [[etiam]] in diverso, [[eadem]] verba [[contra]], Quint. 9, 3, 36: [[aliter]] voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur, id. 9, 3, 69: [[Sallustius]] in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit, Gell. 1, 22, 15: [[stips]] non dicitur in significatione trunci, [[Charis]]. 1, 18, 39: [[semper]] in significatione ea [[hortus]], Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —<br /> <b>2</b> In [[with]] abl. of adjj. is used [[with]] the verbs esse and habere to [[express]] [[quality]]: cum [[exitus]] [[haud]] in facili essent, i. e. [[haud]] faciles, Liv. 3, 8, 9: [[adeo]] [[moderatio]] tuendae libertatis in difficili est, id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; [[but]] [[mostly]] [[with]] adjj. of the [[first]] and [[second]] declension: in [[obscuro]] esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse, id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174: dum in dubiost [[animus]], Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10: in [[integro]] esse, Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4: in [[incerto]] esse, Liv. 5, 28, 5: in [[obvio]] esse, id. 37, 23, 1: in [[tuto]] esse, id. 38, 4, 10; cf.: videre te in [[tuto]], Cat. 30, 6: in [[aequo]] esse, Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44: in expedito esse, Curt. 4, 2, 22: in [[proximo]] esse, Quint. 1, 3, 4: in [[aperto]] esse, Sall. C. 5, 3: in promisco esse, Liv. 7, 17, 7: in [[augusto]] esse, Cels. 5, 27, 2: in [[incerto]] haberi, Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17: in levi habitum, id. H. 2, 21; cf.: in [[incerto]] relinquere, Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.<br /><b>II</b> With acc.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[space]], [[with]] verbs of [[motion]], [[into]] or to a [[place]] or [[thing]] ([[rarely]] [[with]] names of towns and [[small]] islands; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non [[tenuis]] [[quidam]] e [[Graecia]] [[rivulus]] in hanc urbem, Cic. Rep. 2, 19: in Ephesum advenit, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35: in Epirum venire, Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3: ibo in Piræeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso [[navis]] mercatoria, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: [[venio]] ad Piræea, in quo [[magis]] reprehendendus [[sum]], [[quod]] ... Piræea scripserim, non Piræeum, [[quam]] in [[quod]] addiderim; non [[enim]] hoc ut [[oppido]] praeposui, sed ut [[loco]], Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10: se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam, id. Rep. 2, 19: remigrare in domum veterem e nova, id. Ac. 1, 4, 13: cum in sua rura venerunt, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102: a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes, id. Fam. 15, 9: in Ubios legatos mittere, Caes. B. G. 4, 11: [[dein]] Thalam pervenit, in [[oppidum]] magnum et opulentum, Sall. J. 75, 1: Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat, Liv. 3, 58, 1: abire in exercitum, Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With [[nuntio]]: cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est, Tac. A. 4, 56: nuntiatur in [[castra]], Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.: allatis in [[castra]] nuntiis, Tac. H. 4, 32: in [[manus]] sumere, tradere, etc., [[into]] one's hands: [[iste]] unumquodque vas in [[manus]] sumere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63: Falerios se in [[manus]] Romanis tradidisse, Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely [[with]] the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to [[bring]] [[into]] ... and [[place]] [[there]]): in [[crimen]] [[populo]] ponere, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10: ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent, Caes. B. G. 4, 19: duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi, Liv. 29, 19, 7: [[prius]] me collocavi in arborem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6: sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in [[alias]] civitates collocasse, Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in [[any]] [[direction]], up to, to, [[into]], [[down]] to: in [[caelum]] ascendere, Cic. Lael. 23 fin.: filium [[ipse]] [[paene]] in umeros suos extulisset, id. de Or. 1, 53, 228: [[tamquam]] in aram confugitis ad deum, up to the [[altar]], id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25: Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso, Ov. M. 1, 113: in [[flumen]] deicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—<br /> <b>2</b> Denoting [[mere]] [[direction]] [[towards]] a [[place]] or [[thing]], and [[hence]] [[sometimes]] joined [[with]] [[versus]], [[towards]]: [[quid]] [[nunc]] supina [[sursum]] in [[caelum]] conspicis, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78: si in [[latus]] aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat, Cels. 2, 3: [[Belgae]] spectant in [[septentriones]] et orientem solem, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem [[etiam]] inspicitur, Tac. Agr. 10: in laevum prona [[nixus]] sedet [[Inachus]] [[urna]], Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With [[versus]]: [[castra]] ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos [[versus]], [[towards]], Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.: in Galliam [[versus]] movere, Sall. C. 56, 4: in ltaliam [[versus]], Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11: si in urbem [[versus]] venturi erant, Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —<br /> <b>3</b> So of [[that]] [[which]] is [[thought]] of as entering [[into]] the [[mind]], [[memory]], etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.): in memoriam reducere, Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98: in animum inducere, Liv. 27, 9: in mentem venire, Cic. Fam. 7, 3: [[frequens]] [[imitatio]] [[transit]] in [[mores]], Quint. 1, 11, 3. — Or [[into]] a [[writing]] or [[speech]]: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—<br /> <b>B</b> In [[time]], [[into]], [[till]], for: dormiet in lucem, [[into]] the [[daylight]], [[till]] [[broad]] [[day]], Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34: [[statim]] e somno, quem [[plerumque]] in diem extrahunt, lavantur, Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, [[deep]] [[into]] the [[night]], Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.: in multam noctem luxit, Suet. Tib. 74: si [[febris]] in noctem augetur, Cels. 7, 27: dixit in noctem [[atque]] [[etiam]] nocte illatis lucernis, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14: indutias in [[triginta]] annos impetraverunt, for [[thirty]] years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8: [[nisi]] id [[verbum]] in omne [[tempus]] perdidissem, forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem, for the [[following]] [[day]], id. Off. 3, 14, 58: audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium, id. Agr. 1, 2, 4: [[subito]] reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit, id. Mil. 9, 24: solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos, for [[many]] years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17: [[postero]] [[die]] Romani ab [[sole]] orto in [[multum]] diei stetere in acie, Liv. 27, 2: qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum, Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99: seritur ([[semen]] lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae, Col. 2, 10, 17.—With [[usque]]: [[neque]] [[illi]] didicerunt haec [[usque]] in senectutem, Quint. 12, 11, 20: in illum [[usque]] diem servati, id. 8, 3, 68: in [[serum]] [[usque]] patente cubiculo, Suet. Oth. 11: [[regnum]] trahat [[usque]] in tempora fati, Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in [[future]], for the [[future]]: in [[praesens]], for the [[present]]: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever: sancit in posterum, ne [[quis]], etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10: res dilata est in posterum, id. Fam. 10, 12, 3: [[video]] quanta [[tempestas]] invidiae nobis, si [[minus]] in [[praesens]], at in posteritatem impendeat, id. Cat. 1, 9, 22: id [[aegre]] et in [[praesentia]] hi passi et in futurum [[etiam]] metum ceperunt, Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.: ingenti omnium et in [[praesens]] [[laetitia]] et in futurum spe, id. 30, 17, 1: effugis in futurum, Tac. H. 1, 71: [[quod]] eum [[tibi]] quaestoris in [[loco]] constitueras, [[idcirco]] [[tibi]] amicum in perpetuum [[fore]] putasti? Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.: [[oppidum]] omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit, id. Fam. 13, 4, 2: quae (leges) non in [[tempus]] aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis [[causa]] in aeternum latae sunt, Liv. 34, 6, 4: in [[tempus]], for a [[while]], for a [[short]] [[time]], for the [[occasion]] (postAug.): sensit [[miles]] in [[tempus]] conficta, Tac. A. 1, 37: ne [[urbs]] [[sine]] imperio esset, in [[tempus]] deligebatur, qui jus redderet, id. ib. 6, 11: [[scaena]] in [[tempus]] structa, id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the [[day]], to [[meet]] the [[day]]'s [[want]]: [[nihil]] ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat, Liv. 22, 40, 8: [[rapto]] in diem frumento, id. 4, 10, 1; [[but]], cum [[illa]] fundum emisset in diem, i. e. a [[fixed]] [[day]] of [[payment]], Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos [[dies]], or [[simply]] in [[dies]], [[with]] comparatives and verbs denoting [[increase]], from [[day]] to [[day]], [[daily]]: [[vitium]] in [[dies]] crescit, Vell. 2, 5, 2: in [[dies]] singulos breviores litteras ad te [[mitto]], Cic. Att. 5, 7: qui senescat in [[dies]], Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, [[daily]]: nos in diem vivimus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33: in diem et horam, Hor. S. 2, 6, 47; and in horas, [[hourly]], id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—<br /> <b>C</b> In [[other]] relations, in [[which]] an aiming at, an inclining or [[striving]] [[towards]] a [[thing]], is [[conceivable]], on, [[about]], [[respecting]]; [[towards]], [[against]]; for, as; in, to; [[into]]: id, [[quod]] [[apud]] Platonem est in philosophos [[dictum]], [[about]] the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28: Callimachi [[epigramma]] in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est, id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.: cum cenaret [[Simonides]] [[apud]] Scopam cecinissetque id [[car]] men, [[quod]] in eum scripsisset, etc., id. de Or. 2, 86, 352: quo amore [[tandem]] inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam, [[towards]], id. ib. 1, 44, 196: in liberos nostros [[indulgentia]], id. ib. 2, 40, 168: de suis meritis in rem publicam [[aggressus]] est dicere, id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, [[against]], id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.: in dominum quaeri, to be examined as a [[witness]] [[against]], id. Mil. 22, 60: in eos impetum facere, id. Att. 2, 22, 1: invehi in Thebanos, Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3: quaecumque est hominis [[definitio]], una in omnes valet, id. Leg. 1, 10, 29: num [[etiam]] in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse? Liv. 7, 6, 11: [[vereor]] [[coram]] in os te laudare [[amplius]], to [[your]] [[face]], Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5: si in me exerciturus (pugnos), [[quaeso]], in parietem ut [[primum]] domes, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168: in puppim rediere rates, Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.: sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat [[enim]] in [[funus]]: cui funeri ego [[quoque]] operam dedi, to the [[funeral]], to [[take]] [[charge]] of the [[funeral]], Cic. Att. 15, 1, B: se [[quisque]] eum optabat, quem [[fortuna]] in id [[certamen]] legeret, Liv. 21, 42, 2: quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora [[fore]], Tac. A. 11, 6: haec [[civitas]] mulieri [[redimiculum]] praebeat, haec in [[collum]], haec in crines, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33: [[Rhegium]] [[quondam]] in [[praesidium]] [[missa]] [[legio]], Liv. 28, 28; so, datae in [[praesidium]] cohortes, Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc [[idem]] significat [[Graecus]] [[ille]] in eam sententiam [[versus]], to this [[effect]] or [[purport]], Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4: haec et in eam sententiam cum [[multa]] dixisset, id. Att. 2, 22: qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur, id. Fin. 3, 4, 12: in utramque partem disputat, on [[both]] sides, for and [[against]], id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te [[rogo]], me [[tibi]] in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.: facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt, id. Off. 2, 13, 46: cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati, in the [[manner]] of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.: miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt, id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5: [[senior]] [[quidam]] Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit, Liv. 5, 15, 4; also: [[domus]] et villae in urbium modum aedificatae, Sall. C. 12, 3: [[perinde]] ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15: judicium [[quin]] acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae [[Naevius]] edebat, non recusasse, id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.: [[senatusconsultum]] in haec verba [[factum]], Liv. 30, 43, 9: pax [[data]] Philippo in has leges est, id. 33, 30: [[Gallia]] [[omnis]] divisa est in partes [[tres]], Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.: quae [[quidem]] in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur, Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or [[over]] [[each]] [[state]], id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26: [[itaque]] Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse, id. Font. 5, 9: extulit eum [[plebs]] sextantibus collatis in capita, a [[head]], for [[each]] [[person]], Liv. 2, 33 fin.: Macedonibus [[treceni]] nummi in capita [[statutum]] est [[pretium]], id. 32, 17, 2; cf.: [[Thracia]] in Rhoemetalcen filium ... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. [[inter]]), Tac. A. 2, 67.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of the [[object]] or [[end]] in [[view]], regarded also as the [[motive]] of [[action]] or [[effect]]: non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit, Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16: neglegentior in patrem, Just. 32, 3, 1: in quem omnes intenderat curas, Curt. 3, 1, 21: quos ardere in proelia vidi, Verg. A. 2, 347: in [[bellum]] ardentes, Manil. 4, 220: nutante in fugam exercitu, Flor. 3, 10, 4: in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam [[vobis]] paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.), Liv. 21, 43, 7: certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent, id. 21, 45, 4: in id [[sors]] dejecta, id. 21, 42, 2: in id [[fide]] [[accepta]], id. 28, 17, 9: in spem pacis solutis animis, id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.: ingrata [[misero]] [[vita]] ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc., Hor. Epod. 17, 63: nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc., Sen. Ep. 16, 3: [[alius]] non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in [[quod]] tum missi? Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, [[like]] ad, [[with]] words expressing affections or [[inclination]] of the [[mind]]: in [[obsequium]] [[plus]] [[aequo]] [[pronus]], Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: [[paratus]] in res novas, Tac. H. 4, 32: in utrumque [[paratus]], Verg. A. 2, 61.—<br /> <b>3</b> Of the [[result]] of an [[act]] or [[effort]]: [[denique]] in familiae luctum [[atque]] in privignorum [[funus]] nupsit, Cic. Clu. 66, 188: paratusque [[miles]], ut [[ordo]] agminis in aciem adsisteret, Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae [[latus]] [[ingens]] rupis in [[antrum]], Verg. A. 6, 42: [[portus]] ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum, id. ib. 3, 533: populum in obsequia principum formavit, Just. 3, 2, 9: omnium partium [[decus]] in mercedem conruptum erat, Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch: commutari ex veris in falsa, Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18: in sollicitudinem versa [[fiducia]] est, Curt. 3, 8, 20.—<br /> <b>4</b> Esp. in the [[phrase]]: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in [[kindness]], to [[show]] [[favor]], [[out]] of [[good]] [[feeling]], to [[show]] [[honor]], etc., to [[any]] one ([[first]] in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4; Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere, Liv. 39, 26, 12: pugnaturi in gratiam ducis, id. 28, 21, 4: quorum in gratiam [[Saguntum]] deleverat [[Hannibal]], id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16: [[oratio]] habita in [[sexus]] honorem, Quint. 1, 1, 6: [[convivium]] in honorem victoriae, id. 11, 2, 12: in honorem Quadratillae, Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7: in honorem tuum, Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—<br /> <b>5</b> In the [[phrase]], in rem esse, to be [[useful]], to [[avail]] (cf.: e re esse; opp.: [[contra]] rem esse): ut aequom est, [[quod]] in rem esse utrique arbitremur, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10: si in rem est Bacchidis, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7: hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt, Liv. 26, 44, 7: [[cetera]], quae cognosse in rem erat, id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3: in rem [[fore]] credens universos adpellare, Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.: in duas res magnas id usui [[fore]], Liv. 37, 15, 7: in hos [[usus]], Verg. A. 4, 647.—<br /> <b>6</b> To form adverbial expressions: non [[nominatim]], qui Capuae, sed in universum qui [[usquam]] coissent, etc., in [[general]], Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.: [[terra]] [[etsi]] [[aliquanto]] specie differt, in universum [[tamen]] aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5: in universum aestimanti, etc., id. ib. 6: aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere), [[wholly]], [[entirely]], Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2: in plenum dici potest, etc., [[fully]], Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217: Marii virtutem in majus celebrare, [[beyond]] [[due]] bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5: [[aliter]] se [[corpus]] habere [[atque]] consuevit, [[neque]] in pejus [[tantum]], sed [[etiam]] in [[melius]], for the [[worse]], for the [[better]], Cels. 2, 2: in [[deterius]], Tac. A. 14, 43: in mollius, id. ib. 14, 39: [[quid]] [[enim]] est [[iracundia]] in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: [[civitas]] saepta muris [[neque]] in [[barbarum]] corrupta (v. [[barbarus]]), Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.: [[aucto]] in [[barbarum]] cognomento, id. H. 5, 2: priusquam id [[sors]] cerneret, in [[incertum]], ne [[quid]] [[gratia]] momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni, [[while]] the [[matter]] [[was]] [[uncertain]], Liv. 43, 12, 2: nec [[puer]] Iliacā [[quisquam]] de gente Latinos In [[tantum]] spe tollet avos, so [[much]], Verg. A. 6, 876: in [[tantum]] suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse, Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.: quaedam (aquae) [[fervent]] in [[tantum]], ut non possint esse usui, Sen. Q. N. 3, 24: viri in [[tantum]] boni, in [[quantum]] humana [[simplicitas]] intellegi potest, Vell. 2, 43, 4: [[quippe]] [[pedum]] digitos, in [[quantum]] quaeque secuta est, Traxit, Ov. M. 11, 71: meliore in omnia ingenio animoque [[quam]] [[fortuna]] [[usus]], in all respects, Vell. 2, 13: ut [[simul]] in omnia paremur, Quint. 11, 3, 25: in antecessum [[dare]], [[beforehand]], Sen. Ep. 118.—<br /> <b>7</b> Sometimes [[with]] esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to [[indicate]] a [[direction]], [[aim]], [[purpose]], etc. ([[but]] v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, [[note]], [[who]] regards these accusatives as originating in errors of [[pronunciation]]); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to [[come]] [[into]] and [[remain]] in one's [[power]]: esse in mentem alicui, to [[come]] [[into]] and be in one's [[mind]]: esse in conspectum, to [[appear]] to and be in [[sight]]: esse in usum, to [[come]] [[into]] [[use]], be used, etc.: [[quod]], qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38: ut [[portus]] in potestatem Locrensium esset, Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4: eam optimam rem publicam esse [[duco]], quae [[sit]] in potestatem optimorum, Cic. Leg. 3, 17: [[neque]] [[enim]] sunt [[motus]] in nostram potestatem, Quint. 6, 2, 29: [[numero]] mihi in mentem fuit, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.: ecquid in mentem est [[tibi]]? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53: nec [[prius]] surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, [[quam]], etc., Suet. Aug. 16: [[quod]] [[satis]] in usum fuit, sublato, [[ceterum]] omne [[incensum]] est, Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. [[with]] habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, [[call]] or [[bring]] to [[mind]], Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108: M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne [[quid]] rei bellicae gereret, [[prope]] in custodiam habitum, [[put]] in [[prison]], kept in [[prison]], Liv. 22, 25, 6: reliquos in custodiam habitos, Tac. H. 1, 87.—So [[rarely]] [[with]] [[other]] verbs: pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in [[senatus]] populique Romani potestatem, Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —<br /><b>III</b> In [[composition]], n [[regularly]] becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed [[before]] the labials [[into]] m: [[illabor]], [[immitto]], [[irrumpo]], [[imbibo]], [[impello]].—As to its [[meaning]], according as it is [[connected]] [[with]] a [[verb]] of [[rest]] or [[motion]], it conveys the [[idea]] of [[existence]] in a [[place]] or [[thing]], or of [[motion]], [[direction]], or [[inclination]] [[into]] or to a [[place]] or [[thing]]: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356. | ||
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|gf=(1) <b>ĭn</b>,¹ prép., avec acc. = εἰς ; avec abl. = ἐν.<br /> <b>I</b> avec acc., aboutissement d’un mouvement [pr. et fig.] :<br /><b>1</b> [sens local] <b> a)</b> dans, en, sur [comparer ad ] : in portum accedere Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 138, pénétrer dans le port ; in Ubios legatos mittere Cæs. G. 4, 11, 2, envoyer des députés chez les Ubiens ; in aram Cic. Sen. 11, se réfugier sur les degrés de l’autel ; <b> b)</b> [direction] du côté de : Belgæ spectant in septentrionem Cæs. G. 1, 1, 6, la Belgique regarde du côté du septentrion ; in meridiem Tac. Agr. 10, du côté du midi ; in Arvernos [[versus]] Cæs. G. 7, 8, 5, du côté des Arvernes<br /><b>2</b> [temporel, pour limiter un laps de temps] jusqu’à, pour : in multam noctem sermonem producere Cic. Rep. 6, 10, prolonger un entretien jusqu’au milieu de la nuit ; dormire in lucem Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34, dormir jusqu’au jour ; [[aliquid]] in omne [[tempus]] perdidisse Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1, avoir perdu qqch. pour toujours ; auctionem in mensem Januarium constituere Cic. Agr. 1, 4, fixer la vente au mois de janvier ; aliquem invitare in posterum diem Cic. Off. 3, 58, inviter qqn pour le lendemain ; in multos annos prædicere [[aliquid]] Cic. Div. 2, 17, prédire qqch. bien des années à l’avance ; in [[ante]] diem Kal. Nov. differre [[aliquid]] Cic. Att. 2, 20, 6, remettre qqch. à la veille des calendes de novembre ; in [[hunc]] diem [[hactenus]] Cic. Rep. 2, 70, assez pour aujourd’[[hui]] || avec [[usque]], v. [[usque]] || [express. div.] : in præsens, in posterum, in futurum Cic. Cat. 1, 22 ; 4, 10 ; Liv. 34, 27, 10 ; in [[perpetuum]] Cic. Fam. 13, 4, 2, pour le présent, pour l’avenir, pour toujours ; v. [[tempus]] || in horam, in diem vivere Cic. Phil. 5, 25 ; 2, 87, vivre au jour le jour || in [[singula]] diei [[tempora]] cognoscere [[aliquid]] Cæs. G. 7, 16, apprendre ce qui se passe heure par heure ; in annos singulos pendere Cæs. G. 5, 22, 4, payer chaque année ; in [[dies]] singulos Cic. Att. 5, 7 ; in [[dies]] Liv. 22, 39, 15, jour par jour ; in horas Hor. S. 2, 7, 10, d’heure en heure ; in singulos annos Cic. Att. 6, 3, 5, d’année en année ; in diem et horam Hor. S. 2, 6, 47, jour par jour, heure par heure || in diem [[emere]] Nep. Att. 9, 5, acheter pour un jour déterminé, en fixant le paiement à un jour déterminé<br /><b>3</b> rapports divers : <b> a)</b> [dimensions] en : in altitudinem, in latitudinem, in longitudinem, en hauteur (profondeur), en largeur, en longueur ; in agrum Hor. S. 1, 8, 12, dans le sens du champ, en profondeur (cf. [[frons]] § 3 b) ; <b> b)</b> [passage à un autre état] mutare in, vertere in, etc., v. ces mots ; <b> c)</b> [division en parties, in partes ], v. [[divido]], [[discribo]], etc. || [sens distributif] : describebat censores binos in singulos civitates Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 133, il assignait deux censeurs pour chaque cité, cf. Font. 9 ; in capita Liv. 2, 33, 11, par tête ; in modios Liv. 4, 16, 2, par boisseau ; in militem Liv. 22, 23, 6, par soldat ; in singulos equites Liv. 22, 54, 2, par cavalier ; <b> d)</b> en vue de, pour : consurgitur in [[consilium]] Cic. Clu. 75, on se lève pour voter ; præbere in [[aliquam]] rem Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 76, fournir pour qqch. ; in præsidium legionem mittere Liv. 28, 28, 2, envoyer une légion pour servir de garnison ; in ædem sacram reficiendam pecuniam perscribere Cic. Fl. 44, inscrire une somme pour la réfection d’un temple ; venire in [[funus]] Cic. Att. 15, 1 b, 1, venir pour des funérailles ; in honorem alicujus Plin. Min. Ep. 7, 24, 7, pour honorer qqn || [résultat] : in familiæ luctum nupsit Cic. Clu. 188, elle se maria pour le deuil d’une famille, par son mariage elle mit en deuil une famille<br /><b>4</b> conformément à, selon : in rem [[esse]], être conforme à l’intérêt, v. [[res]] ; S. C. in meam sententiam [[factum]] Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6, sénatus-[[consulte]] pris conformément à mon [[avis]] || à la manière de, suivant : servilem in modum Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 13, à la manière des esclaves ; v. [[modus]], [[species]], [[sententia]], [[pars]], [[vicis]] ; [[judicium]] accipere in ea ipsa verba quæ Nævius edebat Cic. Quinct. 63, accepter l’instance suivant la formule même que présentait Nævius ; [[senatus]] [[consultum]] in hæc verba [[factum]] [[est]] Liv. 30, 43, 9, le sénatus-[[consulte]] fut fait en ces [[termes]] ; v. [[juro]] || [expr. adv.] in universum Liv. 9, 26, 8, en général ; in totum Col. Rust. 2, 1, 2, en totalité ; in plenum Plin. 16, 217, pleinement ; in [[majus]] Sall. J. 73, 5, en [[plus]] grand, en exagérant ; in [[deterius]] Tac. Ann. 3, 10, en [[plus]] mal ; in [[barbarum]] Tac. Ann. 6, 42, à la façon [[barbare]]<br /><b>5</b> à l’égard de, envers : [[amor]] in patriam Cic. de Or. 1, 196, amour pour la [[patrie]] : [[illiberalis]] in aliquem Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 5, peu serviable à l’égard de qqn ; [[aliquid]] in philosophos [[dictum]] Cic. Off. 1, 28, qqch. à l’adresse des philosophes<br /><b>6</b> pour, en faveur de [ou] contre : [[carmen]] in aliquem scribere Cic. de Or. 2, 352, composer un poème à la louange de qqn ; [[senatus]] [[consultum]] in aliquem [[factum]] Cæs. G. 1, 43, 7, sénatus-[[consulte]] pris en faveur de qqn ; exstat in [[eam]] legem [[oratio]] Cic. Br. 160, nous avons le discours prononcé en faveur de [[cette]] loi ; in libertatem Crotonis pugnare Liv. 24, 2, 4, combattre en faveur de l’indépendance de Crotone || [[oratio]], [[quam]] in Ctesiphontem [[contra]] Demosthenem dixerat Cic. de Or. 3, 213, le discours qu’il avait prononce contre Ctésiphon en visant Démosthène<br /><b>7</b> avec [[esse]] (habere) marquant en qq. sorte l’aboutissement d’un mouvement : in potestatem alicujus [[esse]], être tombé, être venu au pouvoir de qqn : meill. mss de Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 67 ; 5, 98 ; (Pomp. 33, d’après Gell. 1, 7, 16 ) ; v. Liv. 2, 14, 4 ; 24, 1, 13 ; 32, 8, 14 ; in amicitiam populi [[Romani]] dicionemque [[esse]] Cic. Cæcil. 66, se trouver dans l’alliance et sous la domination du peuple romain, cf. Cic. Phil. 3, 8 ; 12, 2, 4 ; cum talem virum in potestatem habuisset Sall. J. 112, 3, ayant eu un tel homme en son pouvoir ; [[mihi]] in mentem fuit [[dis]] gratias agere Pl. Amph. 180, j’avais l’intention de remercier les dieux (= l’intention m’était venue...) ; v. [[adsum]] || in [[vulgus]], pour la foule, dans la foule, v. [[vulgus]].<br /> <b>II</b> abl., sans mouv<sup>t</sup> [pr. et fig.],<br /><b>1</b> [sens local] dans, en, sur : in eo portu piratæ navigaverunt Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 138, des pirates ont navigué dans ce port ; in [[foro]] Syracusis Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 81, sur le [[forum]] à Syracuse ; in senatu litteras recitare Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2, donner lecture d’une lettre au sénat ; habere coronam in capite, in collo Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, avoir une couronne sur la tête, au cou ; in flumine [[pons]] erat, pontem facere Cæs. G. 2, 5, 6 ; 1, 13, 1, il y avait un pont, faire un pont sur le fleuve ; in barbaris erat [[nomen]] obscurius Cæs. C. 1, 61, 3, le nom était moins connu chez les barbares ; in oculis, in ore alicujus, sous les yeux de qqn, v. [[oculus]], os, [[manus]], [[equus]] ; [[anulus]] in digito Cic. Off. 3, 38, un anneau au doigt ; [[Europa]] in tauro Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 135, Europe sur le taureau || en, avec : in veste [[candida]] Liv. 45, 20, 5, avec un vêtement blanc ; in Tyriis Ov. Ars 2, 297, avec un vêtement de pourpre ; in catenis [[ductus]] Liv. 35, 40, 6, conduit enchaîné, cf. Liv. 29, 21, 12 ; 32, 1, 8 ; in armis excubare Cæs. G. 7, 11, 6, veiller sous les armes, en armes || in milibus passuum [[tribus]] Cæs. G. 6, 36, 2, dans un rayon de trois [[mille]] pas || dans tel ouvrage, dans tel auteur : in Lælio, in Timæo, in Catone Majore, dans le Lælius, le Timée, le [[Cato]] [[Major]], cf. Cic. Nat. 1, 30 ; in Thucydide [[aliquid]] desiderare Cic. Or. 234, regretter l’absence de qqch. dans Thucydide ; in [[primo]] [[libro]], [[quinto]] in [[libro]] Cic. Off. 3, 74 ; Att. 8, 11, 1, dans le premier livre, au cinquième livre ; in extremis litteris Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2, à la fin de la lettre<br /><b>2</b> [temporel] <b> a)</b> [espace de temps à l’intérieur duquel se place une action] : in [[tam]] multis annis [[nemo]] vidit... Cic. Har. 10, durant de si nombreuses années personne n’a vu..., cf. Cic. Top. 44 ; Att. 6, 3, 5 ; decrevere, [[uti]] in diebus proxumis [[decem]] decederent Sall. J. 28, 2, les sénateurs décidèrent que les députés devaient s’en aller dans les dix jours qui suivraient (dans un délai de dix jours) ; sollertissimus omnium in paucis tempestatibus [[factus]] [[est]] Sall. J. 96, 1, en peu de temps il devint le [[plus]] habile de tous ; [[bis]] in [[die]] Cic. Tusc. 5, 100, deux fois par jour ; ternæ epistulæ in [[hora]] Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 1, trois lettres par heure ; [[tempus]], in [[quo]] [[res]] dijudicabitur Cic. Att. 3, 17, 2, l’époque où [[sera]] tranchée l’affaire ; in [[qua]] ætate... Cic. Br. 161, à quelle époque... ; <b> b)</b> [pour dater un événement] : in consulatu alicujus Cæs. G. 1, 35, 2, pendant le consulat d’un tel ; in [[primo]] congressu Cæs. C. 1, 46, 4, au premier choc ; in ipso negotio Cæs. G. 5, 33, 1, au moment même de l’action ; [[qua]] in ætate Cic. Cæl. 11, à cet âge-là, cf. Cic. CM 9 ; v. [[tempus]], præsens, præsentia ; <b> c)</b> [avec gér. ou adj. v.] : in litteris dandis vigilare Cic. Cat. 3, 6, occuper sa veillée à écrire une lettre ; in quærendis [[suis]] pugnandi [[tempus]] dimittere Cæs. G. 2, 21, 6, en cherchant les siens laisser [[passer]] l’occasion de combattre<br /><b>3</b> divers rapports : <b> a)</b> situation, circonstances où se trouve qqn, qqch. : magno in ære [[alieno]] [[majores]] [[etiam]] possessiones habent Cic. Cat. 2, 18, avec de grosses dettes ils ont cependant des biens supérieurs à ces dettes ; in [[summo]] timore omnium advolavit Cic. Clu. 25, il accourut au milieu de la consternation générale ; in vulneris dolore æquo [[animo]] mori Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5, malgré la douleur d’une blessure mourir avec fermeté ; ei [[multa]] in severitate [[non]] [[deerat]] [[tamen]] [[comitas]] Cic. Br. 148, avec beaucoup de sévérité il ne manquait pas pourtant d’aménité ; <b> h)</b> quand il s’agit de, à [[propos]] de, à l’occasion de : in salute communi maluit Cic. Pomp. 56, quand il s’agissait du salut commun il aima mieux... ; in [[hoc]] ipso [[Cotta]] Cic. Br. 137, à [[propos]] de ce [[Cotta]] précisément ; in rege [[tam]] nobili, re [[tam]] eximia, [[injuria]] [[tam]] acerba Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 68, à [[propos]] d’un roi si connu, d’une œuvre d’art si remarquable, d’une injustice si cruelle, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 69 ; 5, 73 ; etc. ; [[idem]] in bono [[servo]] dici solet Cic. de Or. 2, 248, on peut en [[dire]] autant à [[propos]] d’un bon esclave ; in oratore probando [[aut]] improbando Cic. Br. 183, quand il s’agit d’approuver ou de désapprouver un orateur ; [en part., avec adj. ou expr. marquant un sentiment] : gratum [[esse]] in [[aliquo]], v. [[gratus]] ; misericordes in furibus ærari Sall. C. 52, 12, cléments quand il s’agit des voleurs du trésor ; [[talis]] in hoste Virg. En. 2, 541, tel à l’égard d’un ennemi ; v. [[gaudeo]], [[gratulor]], etc. ; <b> c)</b> étant donné = eu égard à, vu [ou] malgré : in tanta multitudine dediticiorum suam fugam occultari posse existimabant Cæs. G. 1, 27, 4, ils pensaient que, vu [[cette]] affluence énorme de [[gens]] qui se rendaient, leur fuite pourrait [[passer]] inaperçue, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 33, 2 ; 2, 22, 2 ; 3, 8, 1 ; 5, 2, 2, etc. || vidit [[etiam]] in confessione facti juris [[tamen]] defensionem suscipi posse Cic. Mil. 15, il a vu que, même avec l’aveu du fait, on pouvait entreprendre la justification du droit ; Triari in [[illa]] ætate plena litteratæ senectutis [[oratio]] Cic. Br. 265, l’éloquence de [[Triarius]] pleine, malgré sa jeunesse, d’une savante maturité, cf. Cæs. G. 2, 25, 3 ; 2, 27, 3 ; 5, 2, 2 ; <b> d)</b> [état de qqn ou qqch.] : [[esse]] in voluptate Cic. Fin. 1, 62, avoir le plaisir en partage ; in multis nummis Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, avoir ses coffres pleins d’écus ; in [[vitio]] Cic. Off. 1, 23, être en faute ; in [[integro]] Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3, être intact ; in [[obscuro]], in difficili, etc. Liv. pr. 3 ; 3, 8, 11, etc. être obscur, [[difficile]] ; <b> e)</b> [ce sur [[quoi]] porte un enseignement, un exercice, etc.] : in [[aliqua]] re erudire aliquem Cic. de Or. 1, 253, instruire qqn dans, sur qqch. ; in [[aliqua]] re exerceri Cic. Br. 309, s’exercer dans qqch. ; <b> f)</b> [ce dans [[quoi]] on formule qqch.] : in libellis laudationem mittere Cic. Clu. 197, envoyer sous forme d’écrit l’adresse officielle de remerciements ; [[tres]] libros in disputatione ac dialogo scribere Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 23, composer un ouvrage en trois livres sous forme de discussion et de dialogue ; quæ legatis in mandatis dederat Cæs. G. 1, 43, 9, ce qu’il avait donné en instructions aux ambassadeurs ; <b> g)</b> dans, parmi : in mediocribus oratoribus [[habitus]] Cic. Br. 100, tenu au rang des orateurs moyens, cf. Cic. Off. 1, 65 ; [[Thales]], qui sapientissimus in [[septem]] fuit Cic. Leg. 2, 26, Thalès, le [[plus]] sage entre les sept sages ; in his Cæs. G. 1, 16, 5, parmi ceux-ci, cf. Cæs. G. 5, 4, 2 ; in his Cæs. G. 5, 53, 6, parmi ces nouvelles, entre autres nouvelles ; <b> h)</b> [la pers. ou la chose en qui se trouve telle qualité] : si [[quid]] [[est]] in me ingenii Cic. Arch. 1, s’il y a en moi qq. peu de talent, cf. CM 61 ; Mur. 58 ; tanta in iis (navibus) erat [[firmitudo]] Cæs. G. 3, 13, 8, tant ces navires étaient résistants. en composition il y a assimilation de n devant l, m, r : [[illabor]], [[immitto]], [[irrumpo]] ; changement en m devant b, p : [[imbibo]], [[impello]].<br />(2) <b>in</b>, préf. privatif ou négatif, qui dans les composés marque l’absence ou la [[non]]-existence de la chose signifiée par le simple : [[indoctus]], [[infans]], [[insanus]], [[illiberalis]], etc. | |||
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Revision as of 06:56, 14 August 2017
English > Greek (Woodhouse)
prep.
P. and V. ἐν (dat.). Of time: e. g., in a few days: use gen. Inside of: P. and V. ἐντός (gen.), εἴσω (gen.). ἔσω (gen.); see within. To express feelings, In anger: P. and V. διʼ ὀργῆς. In the hands: V. διὰ χερῶν. Be in, v.: P. and V. ἐνεῖναι (dat.). There is in: P. and V. ἔνεστι (dat.), ἔνι (dat.) (Eur., Or. 702). adv. At home: P. and V. ἔνδον οἴκοι, κατʼ οἶκον; see under home.
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
in: (before
I b and p, im; before l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these consonants), an inseparable particle kindred with Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. ἀ-, ἀν;> Goth. and Germ. un-], which negatives the meaning of the noun or participle with which it is connected; Engl. un-, in-, not: impar, unequal: intolerabilis, unbearable, intolerable: immitis, not mild, rude, etc.
in: (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in ante-class. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. with abl. and acc. [kindr. with Sanscr. an; Greek ἐν, ἐν-θα, ἐν-θεν, εἰς,> i. e. ἐν-ς, ἀνά;> Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes either rest or motion within or into a place or thing; opp. to ex;
I in, within, on, upon, among, at; into, to, towards.
I With abl.
A In space.
1 Lit., in (with abl. of the place or thing in which): aliorum fructus in terra est, aliorum et extra, Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61: alii in corde, alii in cerebr?*! dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19: eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem Crassus, id. Brut. 43, 161: qui sunt cives in eadem re publica, id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.: facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in qua idem conducat omnibus, id. ib.: T. Labienus ex loco superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus, Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4: quod si in scaena, id est in contione verum valet, etc., Cic. Lael. 26, 97: in foro palam Syracusis, id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81: plures in eo loco sine vulnere quam in proelio aut fuga intereunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 35: tulit de caede, quae in Appia via facta esset, Cic. Mil. 6, 15: in via fornicata, Liv. 22, 36: vigebat in illa domo mos patrius et disciplina, Cic. de Sen. 11, 37: in domo furtum factum ab eo qui domi fuit, Quint. 5, 10, 16: nupta in domo, Liv. 6, 34, 9: copias in castris continent, in, within, Caes. B. C. 1, 66: cum in angusto quodam pulpito stans diceret, Quint. 11, 3, 130: se ac suos in vehiculo conspici, Liv. 5, 40, 10: malo in illa tua sedecula sedere, quam in istorum sella curuli, Cic. Att. 4, 10: sedere in solio, id. Fin. 2, 21, 66: Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna, id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. — Sometimes, also, with names of places: omnes se ultro sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182: heri aliquot adolescentuli coïimus in Piraeo, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1: navis et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6: complures (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit, Caes. B. C. 2, 18: caesos in Marathone ac Salamine, Quint. 12, 10, 24: in Berenice urbe Troglodytarum, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—
2 In indicating a multitude or number, of, in, or among which a person or thing is, in, among (= gen. part.): in his poëta hic nomen profitetur suum, Ter. Eun. prol. 3: Thales, qui sapientissimus in septem fuit, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26: peto ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas, id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.: in perditis et desperatis, id. ib. 13, 56, 1: omnia quae secundum naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis, id. de Sen. 19, 71: dolor in maximis malis ducitur, id. Leg. 1, 11, 31: justissimus unus in Teucris, Verg. A. 2, 426: cecidere in pugna ad duo milia ... in his quatuor Romani centuriones, Liv. 27, 12, 16: in diis et feminae sunt, Lact. 1, 16, 17.—
3 Of analogous relations of place or position: sedere in equo, on horseback, id. Verr. 2, 5, 10: quid legati in equis, id. Pis. 25, 60: sedere in leone, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109: in eo flumine pons erat, on, over, Caes. B. G. 2, 5: in herboso Apidano, on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6: in digitis, on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267: castra in limite locat, on the rampart, Tac. A. 1, 50: ipse coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo, on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27: oleae in arbore, Cels. 2, 24: Caesaris in barbaris erat nomen obscurius, among, Caes. B. C. 1, 61: in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat, Liv. 25, 16, 7: in juvenibus, Quint. 11, 1, 32: nutus in mutis pro sermone est, id. 11, 3, 66.—Of dress, like cum, q. v.: in veste candida, Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3: in calceis, id. 24, 38, 2: in insignibus, id. 5, 41, 2: in tunicis albis, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13: in Persico et vulgari habitu, Curt. 3, 3, 4: in lugubri veste, id. 10, 5, 17: in Tyriis, Ov. A. A. 2, 297: in Cois, id. ib. v. 298; cf.: homines in catenis Romam mittere, Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: quis multa te in rosa urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in viola aut in rosa, Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 73.—So of arms: duas legiones in armis, Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395: in armis hostis, under arms, Ov. M. 12,65: quae in ore atque in oculis provinciae gesta sunt (= coram), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so, in oculis provinciae, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2: in oculis omnium, id. ib. 1, 3, 7: divitiae, decus, gloria in oculis sita sunt, Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6: Julianus in ore ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur, Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a passage in any writing (but when the author is named, by meton., for his works, apud is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561): in populorum institutis aut legibus, Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42: in illis libris qui sunt de natura deorum, id. Fat. 1, 1: in Timaeo dicit, id. N. D. 1, 12, 30: epistula, in qua omnia perscripta erant, Nep. Pelop. 3, 2: perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; but in is also used with an author's name when, not a place in his book, but a feature of his style, etc., is referred to: in Thucydide orbem modo orationis desidero, Cic. Or. 71, 234: in Herodoto omnia leniter fluunt, Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books: libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt, Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; but more freq. trop.: in manibus habere, tenere, etc., to be engaged, occupied with, to have under control or within reach: philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus, id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18: quam spem nunc habeat in manibus, exponam, id. Verr. 1, 6, 16: rem habere in manibus, id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.: neque mihi in manu fuit Jugurtha qualis foret, in my power, Sall. J. 14, 4: postquam nihil esse in manu sua respondebatur, Liv. 32, 24, 2: quod ipsorum in manu sit, ... bellum an pacem malint, Tac. A. 2, 46; but, cum tantum belli in manibus esset, was in hand, busied (cf.: inter manus), Liv. 4, 57, 1; so, quorum epistulas in manu teneo, Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2: in manu poculum tenens, id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71: coronati et lauream in manu tenentes, Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin.—Of that which is thought of as existing in the mind, memory, character, etc.: in animo esse, Cic. Fam. 14, 11: in animo habere, id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: lex est ratio insita in natura, id. Leg. 1, 6, 18: in memoria sedere, id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.: tacito mutos volvunt in pectore questus, Luc. 1, 247: quanta auctoritas fuit in C. Metello! Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a person's qualities of mind or character: erat in eo summa eloquentia, summa fides, Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.: in omni animante est summum aliquid atque optimum, ut in equis, id. Fin. 4, 41, 37: si quid artis in medicis est, Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.: nibil esse in morte timendum, Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo loco, in that state or condition: in eo enim loco res sunt nostrae, ut, etc., Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so, quo in loco, etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum fuga, quo in loco res essent, cognovissent, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: videtis, quo in loco res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: quod ipse, si in eodem loco esset, facturus fuerit, Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, without loco, in eo esse ut, etc., to be in such a condition, etc.: non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant, Liv. 30, 19, 3: cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret, id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. infra).—
B In time, indicating its duration, in, during, in the course of: feci ego istaec itidem in adulescentia, in my youth, when I was young, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6: in tempore hoc, Ter. And. 4, 5, 24: in hoc tempore, Tac. A. 13, 47: in tali tempore, Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.: in diebus paucis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 77: in brevi spatio, id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4: in qua aetate, Cic. Brut. 43 fin.: in ea aetate, Liv. 1, 57: in omni aetate, Cic. de Sen. 3, 9: in aetate, qua jam Alexander orbem terrarum subegisset, Suet. Caes. 7: qua (sc. Iphigenia) nihil erat in eo quidem anno natum pulchrius, in the course of, during the year, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo quidem anno): nihil in vita se simile fecisse, id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: nihil in vita vidit calamitatis A. Cluentius. id. Clu. 6, 18: in tota vita inconstans, id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—
b In tempore, at the right or proper time, in time (Cic. uses only tempore; v. tempus): eccum ipsum video in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24: ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent, Liv. 33, 5: spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior redit, id. 2, 47: rebellaturi, Tac. A. 12, 50: atque adeo in ipso tempore eccum ipsum obviam, Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, opportune. Nos sine praepositione dicimus tempore et tempori, Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—
c In praesentia and in praesenti, at present, now, at this moment, under these circumstances: sic enim mihi in praesentia occurrit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14: vestrae quidem cenae non solum in praesentia, sed etiam postero die jucundae sunt, id. ib. 5, 35, 100: id quod unum maxime in praesentia desiderabatur, Liv. 21, 37: haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc., for the present, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—
d With gerunds and fut. pass. participles, to indicate duration of time, in: fit, ut distrahatur in deliberando animus, Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2: vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare, id. Fin. 2, 9, 26: quod in litteris dandis praeter consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat, id. Cat. 3, 3, 6: ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi tempus dimitteret, Caes. B. G. 2, 21: in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus, in laying waste, id. ib. 5, 19: in excidenda Numantia, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76: cum in immolanda Iphigenia tristis Calchas esset, id. Or. 21, 74.—
C In other relations, where a person or thing is thought of as in a certain condition, situation, or relation, in: qui magno in aere alieno majores etiam possessiones habent, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18: se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare, id. Cat. 2, 9, 20: Larinum in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit, id. Clu. 8, 25.— So freq., of qualities or states of mind: summa in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: torpescentne dextrae in amentia illa? Liv. 23, 9, 7: hunc diem perpetuum in laetitia degere, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2: in metu, Tac. A. 14, 43: in voluptate, Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62: alicui in amore esse, beloved, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3: alicui in amoribus esse, id. Att. 6, 1, 12: res in invidia erat, Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: sum in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10: num . . . Diogenem Stoicum coëgit in suis studiis obmutescere senectus? in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21: mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua diligentia: quod in summis tuis occupationibus mihi tamen rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti, even in, notwithstanding your great occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.— So freq., of business, employment, occupations, etc.: in aliqua re versari, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105: similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat, Curt. 5, 5, 23: in certamine armorum atque in omni palaestra quid satis recte cavetur, Quint. 9, 4, 8: agi in judiciis, id. 11, 1, 78: tum vos mihi essetis in consilio, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28: in actione ... dicere, Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an office, magistracy: in quo tum magistratu forte Brutus erat, Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1: in eo magistratu pari diligentia se praebuit, Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. supra): in ea ipsa causa fuit eloquentissimus, Cic. Brut, 43, 160: qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in vitio, quam, etc., is in the wrong, acts wrongly, id. Off. 1, 7, 23: etsi hoc quidem est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere, is wrong, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31: non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis, id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.: an omnino nulla sit in eo genere distinctio, id. Or. 61, 205: Drusus erat de praevaricatione absolutus in summa quatuor sententiis, on the whole, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.: et in omni summa, ut mones, valde me ad otium pacemque converto, id. ib. 3, 5, 5; but, in summa, sic maxime judex credit, etc., in a word, in fine, Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8: horum (juvenum) inductio in parte simulacrum decurrentis exercitus erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii quam militaris artis, in part, Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.: quod mihi in parte verum videtur, Quint. 2, 8, 6: patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior interrogatio est, id. 5, 7, 22: hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt, in the case of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21: in furibus aerarii, Sall. C. 52, 12: Achilles talis in hoste fuit, Verg. A. 2, 540: in hoc homine saepe a me quaeris, etc., in the case of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15: suspectus et in morte matris fuit, Suet. Vit. 14: qui praesentes metuunt, in absentia hostes erunt, = absentes, Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. supra).—Of the meaning of words, etc.: non solum in eodem sensu, sed etiam in diverso, eadem verba contra, Quint. 9, 3, 36: aliter voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur, id. 9, 3, 69: Sallustius in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit, Gell. 1, 22, 15: stips non dicitur in significatione trunci, Charis. 1, 18, 39: semper in significatione ea hortus, Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —
2 In with abl. of adjj. is used with the verbs esse and habere to express quality: cum exitus haud in facili essent, i. e. haud faciles, Liv. 3, 8, 9: adeo moderatio tuendae libertatis in difficili est, id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; but mostly with adjj. of the first and second declension: in obscuro esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse, id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174: dum in dubiost animus, Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10: in integro esse, Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4: in incerto esse, Liv. 5, 28, 5: in obvio esse, id. 37, 23, 1: in tuto esse, id. 38, 4, 10; cf.: videre te in tuto, Cat. 30, 6: in aequo esse, Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44: in expedito esse, Curt. 4, 2, 22: in proximo esse, Quint. 1, 3, 4: in aperto esse, Sall. C. 5, 3: in promisco esse, Liv. 7, 17, 7: in augusto esse, Cels. 5, 27, 2: in incerto haberi, Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17: in levi habitum, id. H. 2, 21; cf.: in incerto relinquere, Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.
II With acc.
A In space, with verbs of motion, into or to a place or thing (rarely with names of towns and small islands; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem, Cic. Rep. 2, 19: in Ephesum advenit, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35: in Epirum venire, Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3: ibo in Piræeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: venio ad Piræea, in quo magis reprehendendus sum, quod ... Piræea scripserim, non Piræeum, quam in quod addiderim; non enim hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco, Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10: se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam, id. Rep. 2, 19: remigrare in domum veterem e nova, id. Ac. 1, 4, 13: cum in sua rura venerunt, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102: a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes, id. Fam. 15, 9: in Ubios legatos mittere, Caes. B. G. 4, 11: dein Thalam pervenit, in oppidum magnum et opulentum, Sall. J. 75, 1: Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat, Liv. 3, 58, 1: abire in exercitum, Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With nuntio: cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est, Tac. A. 4, 56: nuntiatur in castra, Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.: allatis in castra nuntiis, Tac. H. 4, 32: in manus sumere, tradere, etc., into one's hands: iste unumquodque vas in manus sumere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63: Falerios se in manus Romanis tradidisse, Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely with the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to bring into ... and place there): in crimen populo ponere, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10: ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent, Caes. B. G. 4, 19: duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi, Liv. 29, 19, 7: prius me collocavi in arborem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6: sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates collocasse, Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in any direction, up to, to, into, down to: in caelum ascendere, Cic. Lael. 23 fin.: filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset, id. de Or. 1, 53, 228: tamquam in aram confugitis ad deum, up to the altar, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25: Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso, Ov. M. 1, 113: in flumen deicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—
2 Denoting mere direction towards a place or thing, and hence sometimes joined with versus, towards: quid nunc supina sursum in caelum conspicis, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78: si in latus aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat, Cels. 2, 3: Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem etiam inspicitur, Tac. Agr. 10: in laevum prona nixus sedet Inachus urna, Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With versus: castra ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos versus, towards, Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.: in Galliam versus movere, Sall. C. 56, 4: in ltaliam versus, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11: si in urbem versus venturi erant, Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —
3 So of that which is thought of as entering into the mind, memory, etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.): in memoriam reducere, Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98: in animum inducere, Liv. 27, 9: in mentem venire, Cic. Fam. 7, 3: frequens imitatio transit in mores, Quint. 1, 11, 3. — Or into a writing or speech: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—
B In time, into, till, for: dormiet in lucem, into the daylight, till broad day, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34: statim e somno, quem plerumque in diem extrahunt, lavantur, Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, deep into the night, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.: in multam noctem luxit, Suet. Tib. 74: si febris in noctem augetur, Cels. 7, 27: dixit in noctem atque etiam nocte illatis lucernis, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14: indutias in triginta annos impetraverunt, for thirty years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8: nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem, forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem, for the following day, id. Off. 3, 14, 58: audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium, id. Agr. 1, 2, 4: subito reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit, id. Mil. 9, 24: solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos, for many years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17: postero die Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, Liv. 27, 2: qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum, Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99: seritur (semen lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae, Col. 2, 10, 17.—With usque: neque illi didicerunt haec usque in senectutem, Quint. 12, 11, 20: in illum usque diem servati, id. 8, 3, 68: in serum usque patente cubiculo, Suet. Oth. 11: regnum trahat usque in tempora fati, Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in future, for the future: in praesens, for the present: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever: sancit in posterum, ne quis, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10: res dilata est in posterum, id. Fam. 10, 12, 3: video quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat, id. Cat. 1, 9, 22: id aegre et in praesentia hi passi et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt, Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.: ingenti omnium et in praesens laetitia et in futurum spe, id. 30, 17, 1: effugis in futurum, Tac. H. 1, 71: quod eum tibi quaestoris in loco constitueras, idcirco tibi amicum in perpetuum fore putasti? Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.: oppidum omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit, id. Fam. 13, 4, 2: quae (leges) non in tempus aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis causa in aeternum latae sunt, Liv. 34, 6, 4: in tempus, for a while, for a short time, for the occasion (postAug.): sensit miles in tempus conficta, Tac. A. 1, 37: ne urbs sine imperio esset, in tempus deligebatur, qui jus redderet, id. ib. 6, 11: scaena in tempus structa, id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the day, to meet the day's want: nihil ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat, Liv. 22, 40, 8: rapto in diem frumento, id. 4, 10, 1; but, cum illa fundum emisset in diem, i. e. a fixed day of payment, Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos dies, or simply in dies, with comparatives and verbs denoting increase, from day to day, daily: vitium in dies crescit, Vell. 2, 5, 2: in dies singulos breviores litteras ad te mitto, Cic. Att. 5, 7: qui senescat in dies, Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, daily: nos in diem vivimus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33: in diem et horam, Hor. S. 2, 6, 47; and in horas, hourly, id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—
C In other relations, in which an aiming at, an inclining or striving towards a thing, is conceivable, on, about, respecting; towards, against; for, as; in, to; into: id, quod apud Platonem est in philosophos dictum, about the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28: Callimachi epigramma in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est, id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.: cum cenaret Simonides apud Scopam cecinissetque id car men, quod in eum scripsisset, etc., id. de Or. 2, 86, 352: quo amore tandem inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam, towards, id. ib. 1, 44, 196: in liberos nostros indulgentia, id. ib. 2, 40, 168: de suis meritis in rem publicam aggressus est dicere, id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, against, id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.: in dominum quaeri, to be examined as a witness against, id. Mil. 22, 60: in eos impetum facere, id. Att. 2, 22, 1: invehi in Thebanos, Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3: quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet, id. Leg. 1, 10, 29: num etiam in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse? Liv. 7, 6, 11: vereor coram in os te laudare amplius, to your face, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5: si in me exerciturus (pugnos), quaeso, in parietem ut primum domes, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168: in puppim rediere rates, Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.: sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat enim in funus: cui funeri ego quoque operam dedi, to the funeral, to take charge of the funeral, Cic. Att. 15, 1, B: se quisque eum optabat, quem fortuna in id certamen legeret, Liv. 21, 42, 2: quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora fore, Tac. A. 11, 6: haec civitas mulieri redimiculum praebeat, haec in collum, haec in crines, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33: Rhegium quondam in praesidium missa legio, Liv. 28, 28; so, datae in praesidium cohortes, Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc idem significat Graecus ille in eam sententiam versus, to this effect or purport, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4: haec et in eam sententiam cum multa dixisset, id. Att. 2, 22: qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur, id. Fin. 3, 4, 12: in utramque partem disputat, on both sides, for and against, id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te rogo, me tibi in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.: facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt, id. Off. 2, 13, 46: cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati, in the manner of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.: miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt, id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5: senior quidam Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit, Liv. 5, 15, 4; also: domus et villae in urbium modum aedificatae, Sall. C. 12, 3: perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15: judicium quin acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae Naevius edebat, non recusasse, id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.: senatusconsultum in haec verba factum, Liv. 30, 43, 9: pax data Philippo in has leges est, id. 33, 30: Gallia omnis divisa est in partes tres, Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.: quae quidem in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur, Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or over each state, id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26: itaque Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse, id. Font. 5, 9: extulit eum plebs sextantibus collatis in capita, a head, for each person, Liv. 2, 33 fin.: Macedonibus treceni nummi in capita statutum est pretium, id. 32, 17, 2; cf.: Thracia in Rhoemetalcen filium ... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. inter), Tac. A. 2, 67.—
2 Of the object or end in view, regarded also as the motive of action or effect: non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit, Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16: neglegentior in patrem, Just. 32, 3, 1: in quem omnes intenderat curas, Curt. 3, 1, 21: quos ardere in proelia vidi, Verg. A. 2, 347: in bellum ardentes, Manil. 4, 220: nutante in fugam exercitu, Flor. 3, 10, 4: in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam vobis paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.), Liv. 21, 43, 7: certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent, id. 21, 45, 4: in id sors dejecta, id. 21, 42, 2: in id fide accepta, id. 28, 17, 9: in spem pacis solutis animis, id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.: ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc., Hor. Epod. 17, 63: nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc., Sen. Ep. 16, 3: alius non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in quod tum missi? Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, like ad, with words expressing affections or inclination of the mind: in obsequium plus aequo pronus, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: paratus in res novas, Tac. H. 4, 32: in utrumque paratus, Verg. A. 2, 61.—
3 Of the result of an act or effort: denique in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit, Cic. Clu. 66, 188: paratusque miles, ut ordo agminis in aciem adsisteret, Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum, Verg. A. 6, 42: portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum, id. ib. 3, 533: populum in obsequia principum formavit, Just. 3, 2, 9: omnium partium decus in mercedem conruptum erat, Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch: commutari ex veris in falsa, Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18: in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est, Curt. 3, 8, 20.—
4 Esp. in the phrase: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in kindness, to show favor, out of good feeling, to show honor, etc., to any one (first in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4; Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere, Liv. 39, 26, 12: pugnaturi in gratiam ducis, id. 28, 21, 4: quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal, id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16: oratio habita in sexus honorem, Quint. 1, 1, 6: convivium in honorem victoriae, id. 11, 2, 12: in honorem Quadratillae, Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7: in honorem tuum, Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—
5 In the phrase, in rem esse, to be useful, to avail (cf.: e re esse; opp.: contra rem esse): ut aequom est, quod in rem esse utrique arbitremur, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10: si in rem est Bacchidis, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7: hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt, Liv. 26, 44, 7: cetera, quae cognosse in rem erat, id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3: in rem fore credens universos adpellare, Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.: in duas res magnas id usui fore, Liv. 37, 15, 7: in hos usus, Verg. A. 4, 647.—
6 To form adverbial expressions: non nominatim, qui Capuae, sed in universum qui usquam coissent, etc., in general, Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.: terra etsi aliquanto specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda, Tac. G. 5: in universum aestimanti, etc., id. ib. 6: aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere), wholly, entirely, Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2: in plenum dici potest, etc., fully, Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217: Marii virtutem in majus celebrare, beyond due bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5: aliter se corpus habere atque consuevit, neque in pejus tantum, sed etiam in melius, for the worse, for the better, Cels. 2, 2: in deterius, Tac. A. 14, 43: in mollius, id. ib. 14, 39: quid enim est iracundia in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: civitas saepta muris neque in barbarum corrupta (v. barbarus), Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.: aucto in barbarum cognomento, id. H. 5, 2: priusquam id sors cerneret, in incertum, ne quid gratia momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni, while the matter was uncertain, Liv. 43, 12, 2: nec puer Iliacā quisquam de gente Latinos In tantum spe tollet avos, so much, Verg. A. 6, 876: in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse, Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.: quaedam (aquae) fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui, Sen. Q. N. 3, 24: viri in tantum boni, in quantum humana simplicitas intellegi potest, Vell. 2, 43, 4: quippe pedum digitos, in quantum quaeque secuta est, Traxit, Ov. M. 11, 71: meliore in omnia ingenio animoque quam fortuna usus, in all respects, Vell. 2, 13: ut simul in omnia paremur, Quint. 11, 3, 25: in antecessum dare, beforehand, Sen. Ep. 118.—
7 Sometimes with esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to indicate a direction, aim, purpose, etc. (but v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, note, who regards these accusatives as originating in errors of pronunciation); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to come into and remain in one's power: esse in mentem alicui, to come into and be in one's mind: esse in conspectum, to appear to and be in sight: esse in usum, to come into use, be used, etc.: quod, qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38: ut portus in potestatem Locrensium esset, Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4: eam optimam rem publicam esse duco, quae sit in potestatem optimorum, Cic. Leg. 3, 17: neque enim sunt motus in nostram potestatem, Quint. 6, 2, 29: numero mihi in mentem fuit, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.: ecquid in mentem est tibi? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53: nec prius surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, quam, etc., Suet. Aug. 16: quod satis in usum fuit, sublato, ceterum omne incensum est, Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. with habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, call or bring to mind, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108: M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne quid rei bellicae gereret, prope in custodiam habitum, put in prison, kept in prison, Liv. 22, 25, 6: reliquos in custodiam habitos, Tac. H. 1, 87.—So rarely with other verbs: pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in senatus populique Romani potestatem, Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —
III In composition, n regularly becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed before the labials into m: illabor, immitto, irrumpo, imbibo, impello.—As to its meaning, according as it is connected with a verb of rest or motion, it conveys the idea of existence in a place or thing, or of motion, direction, or inclination into or to a place or thing: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) ĭn,¹ prép., avec acc. = εἰς ; avec abl. = ἐν.
I avec acc., aboutissement d’un mouvement [pr. et fig.] :
1 [sens local] a) dans, en, sur [comparer ad ] : in portum accedere Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 138, pénétrer dans le port ; in Ubios legatos mittere Cæs. G. 4, 11, 2, envoyer des députés chez les Ubiens ; in aram Cic. Sen. 11, se réfugier sur les degrés de l’autel ; b) [direction] du côté de : Belgæ spectant in septentrionem Cæs. G. 1, 1, 6, la Belgique regarde du côté du septentrion ; in meridiem Tac. Agr. 10, du côté du midi ; in Arvernos versus Cæs. G. 7, 8, 5, du côté des Arvernes
2 [temporel, pour limiter un laps de temps] jusqu’à, pour : in multam noctem sermonem producere Cic. Rep. 6, 10, prolonger un entretien jusqu’au milieu de la nuit ; dormire in lucem Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34, dormir jusqu’au jour ; aliquid in omne tempus perdidisse Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1, avoir perdu qqch. pour toujours ; auctionem in mensem Januarium constituere Cic. Agr. 1, 4, fixer la vente au mois de janvier ; aliquem invitare in posterum diem Cic. Off. 3, 58, inviter qqn pour le lendemain ; in multos annos prædicere aliquid Cic. Div. 2, 17, prédire qqch. bien des années à l’avance ; in ante diem Kal. Nov. differre aliquid Cic. Att. 2, 20, 6, remettre qqch. à la veille des calendes de novembre ; in hunc diem hactenus Cic. Rep. 2, 70, assez pour aujourd’hui
